UNIT : Barangay Jubay Lilo-an

CONCEPT : Family Planning

General Objectives: After 1hour of interactive – lecture and discussion, the Jubay group will be able to impart and further explain their acquired
knowledge regarding reproductive system and family planning.

SPECIFIC CONTENTS METHOLOGY TIME SOURCES EVALUATION

OBJECTIVES ALLOTTMENT
The Group 3 will A. Materials:
specifically be able • Internet
to: • Books
Prayer 1 minute
Preconditioning activity Discussion via 5 minutes B. Human
visual aids. Resources:
Lecture proper • Nursing
students

C. Electronic
Sources:
• www.scribd.
com
1.Discuss the Function of the Interactive lecture 10-20 minutes  Essentials of Question and
male and Reproductive System: discussion Anatomy & Answer
female Physiology
reproductive Male: 5th edition.
system. 1. Production of sperm cells.
2. Sustaining and transfer of
the sperm cells to the
female.
3. Production of male sex
hormones.
• Scrotum
-is a saclike structure
containing the testes.
• Testes
-are divided into lobules
containing the
seminiferous tubules
and interstitial cells.
• Epididymis
-a coiled tube system,
located on the testis,
that is the site of sperm
maturation.
• Ductus deferens
-passes from the
epididymis into the
abdominal cavity.
• Urethra
-extends from the
urinary bladder through
the penis to the outside
of the body.
• Penis
-consist of erectile
tissue.
GLANDS:
1. Seminal Vesicles
2. Prostate Gland
3. Bublourethral
glands
Female:
1. Production of female’s
sex cells.
2. Reception of sperm cells
from the male.
3. Nurturing the
development of and
providing nourishment
for the new individual.
4. Production of female sex
hormones.

Includes:
• Ovaries
-are small organs
suspended in the pelvic
cavity by ligaments.
• Fallopian tubes
• Uterus
-is a big as a medium-sized
pear.
• Vagina
-is the female organ of
copulation and functions to Lecture 5 minutes Question and
receive the penis during discussion Answer
intercourse.
2.Define Lecture 5 minutes  www.scribd. Question and
Fertilization. • is the union of a human egg discussion com Answer
and sperm, usually occurring in
the ampulla of the fallopian
tube.
• occurs when a sperm is able to
penetrate a mature ovum.
When sperms are released into
the vagina during sexual
intercourse, they find their way
to the uterus and to the
fallopian tube

3. Discuss how Lecture 5-10 minutes Question and

fertilization • Fertilization occurs when a sperm discussion  www.scribd. Answer
takes place. is able to penetrate a mature com
ovum. When sperms are released
into the vagina during sexual
intercourse, they find their way to
the uterus and to the fallopian
tube. When an ovum is present in
the fallopian tube at the time of
bejaculation, fertilization is likely to
take place. The fertilized ovum
then travels from the fallopian tube
to the uterus. It implants itself in
the thickened uterine lining and
gets nourishment from this.
 4. Define family Lecture 10-15 minutes  www.scribd. Question and
planning. discussion com Answer
The concept of enhancing the quality
of families w/c includes:
• Regulating & spacing
childbirth
• Helping sub-fertile couples
beget children
• Counseling parents and
would-be parents
• The privilege and the
obligation of the (married)
couple exclusively to decide
w/ love when and how many
children provided: the motive
is justified and the means are
moral.
• Involves personal decisions
based on each individual’s
background, experiences and
sociocultural beliefs. It
involves thorough planning to
be certain that the method
chosen is acceptable and can
4.1. Discuss the be used effectively. Interactive lecture 10-15 minutes  www.scribd. Question and
function of the Health discussion com Answer
Professional in
• To counsel, reassure, give
Family Planning
information and allow an
individual/couple to decide
 his/her/their course of action
according to what he/she think
is appropriate for them and in
accordance to their own
personal, societal, religious
beliefs & values.

4.2. Enumerate Lecture 15-20 minutes  Essentials of Question and

and briefly discuss discussion Anatomy & Answer
the different methods • Natural Methods (the only Physiology
of family planning. method accepted by the 5th edition.
catholic church)  www.scribd.
com
Coitus interruptus (least effective  www.google.
method) com
• The premature withdrawal of
the penis before ejaculation
during sexual intercourse.
• Oldest type of birth control
practiced by man.
• The premature withdrawal of
the penis before ejaculation
during sexual intercourse
• Reliability is low because
sperms are emitted in varying
quantities in the normal
lubricating fluid secreted
throughout intercourse
• Psychological disadvantage
 • Not accepted by the Catholic
Church

Calendar method
• The use of mathematical
calculations to predict the
probable time of ovulation.
“Ovulation most often takes
place 14 days before the onset 6 minutes
of the next menstruation.”
• Ogino-knaus formula:
1. Determine the shortest and
longest cycle
ex. Shortest cycle = 28 days
Longest cycle = 36 days
2. If the cycle is irregular,
subtract 18 from the shortest
and 11 from the longest
ex. 28-18=10
36-11=25
3. The difference between the
shortest cycle and 18 determines the
earliest time when ovulation occur. Post test
4. The difference between the 15 minutes
longest cycle and 11 determines the
last day when ovulation can occur
5. OVULATION CAN OCCUR
ANYTIME IN BETWEEN.
6. In a regular 28 day cycle,
abstinence should be observed from
day 9 to day 17. (count 5 days
 before the earliest ovulation and 3
days after the last day)

Cervical Mucus Method

• A particular type of cervical
mucus felt by the woman at the
vaginal opening is a signal of Post test
ovulation.
• Research shows this type of
mucus appears necessary for
conception. Without the mucus,
sperm transport is impeded.
Phases of Wetness/Dryness
1. Wet – menstruation
2. Dry – basic infertile pattern
- sequence of dry days (or days
of unchanging mucus)
indicating low level of
estrogen and present infertility
- duration is invariable, could be
days, weeks,months or zero (if
cycle is short)
3. Wet – days of possible fertility
o -changing mucus; non-
slippery at first later
becoming slippery
o -peak: last day of slippery
mucus
o -days 1-3 after the peak are
part of fertile period
 4. Dry – infertile days
o -day 4 after the peak till the end
of the cycle
o -ends about 2 weeks after the
peak

Lactational Amenorrhea Method

• LAM is based on scientific
evidence that a woman is not
fertile and unlikely to become
pregnant during full lactation or
exclusive breastfeeding. Full
lactation describes breastfeeding
when no regular supplemental
feeding of any type is given (not
even water) and the infant is
feeding both day and night with
little separation from the mother.
• LAM provides maximum
protection as long as:
• Menstruation has not resumed
and
• Bottle feeds or regular food
supplements are not introduced
and
• Baby is less than 6 months of
age.

Signs of Ovulation:
• Mitlelschmerz
• Spinbarkheit
• Changes in vaginal mucus
• Goodell’s sign
• Mood changes
• Breast tenderness
• Increased levels of
progesterone
• Change in basal body temp.

• Artificial Method
Condom
• A thin stretchable rubber
sheath worn over the penis by
the man during intercourse.
• Pregnancy rate is 7-28%.
Disadvantages:
• Self-lubricated type breaks
easily
• Penis must be withdrawn
from the vagina before
\it becomes flaccid
• Lessen sexual enjoyment by
the male

Contraceptive pills
• Estrogen & progesterone
prevent pregnancy by inhibiting
the hypothalamus and anterior
 pituitary so that ovulation does
not occur. They also inhibit
fertility by:

1. Altering the motility of

the fallopian tubes
2. Inadequately developing
the endometrium
3. Keeping cervical mucus
unreceptive and
unsupportive of sperm
Types of Pills:
• Combination pills – contain
both progesterone & estrogen;
taken from day 5 to day 25 of
the menstrual cycle
• Sequential
• 2 types of pills are taken:
1. Contains
estrogen alone –
taken from day 5-
19
2. Contains
progestin-taken
from day 20-25
• All-progestin (minipill) – taken
everyday
• Does not necessarily
inhibit ovulation;
prevents implantation of
the zygote
 Injectable Contraceptive (Depo-
provera, Noristerat )
• Synthetic progestin hormones 10 minutes
injected into muscle:
administered every 3 months.
• They exert their contraceptive
effect by inhibiting ovulation,
altering cervical mucus and
preventing endometrial growth.
The woman does not
menstruate with this
contraception. It has the same
advantages, disadv., and
contraindications as implants.
Disadvantages:
• Fertility return is usually
delayed by 6 months Post test
• Higher risk for osteoporosis so
advise to increase calcium
intake and engage in weight
bearing exercise
• Impair glucose tolerance in
women at risk for DM

IUD (Intra-Uterine Device)

 An object made of plastic or
non-reactive metal (nickel-
 chromium alloy) that fits inside
the uterine cavity
 Manufactured in several
shapes (loop, coil, spiral)
 Causes a chronic inflammatory
response in the endometrium,
discouraging implantation of
a fertilized ovum
 Conception may occur; if
implantation takes place, it
causes early abortion
 Usually inserted during the
menstrual phase
 IUDs come with increased risk
of ectopic pregnancy and
perforation of the uterus and
do not protect against
sexually transmitted disease.
IUDs are prescribed and placed
by health care providers.
Types of IUD:
• Non-medicated
1. Lippes-Loop- available
in 4 sizes (A-small to D-
large); has been
withdrawn from the
market
2. Saf-T-coil – available in
2 sizes (small & large)
Lecture
discussion
 • Medicated
1. Copper 7 (Cu 200) –
copper has direct
spermicidal effect; has
been withdrawn from the
market
2. Copper-T (T-Cu 200,
tatum copper-bearing
IUD)
3. Progestasert-T

.
Tubal Occlusion / Bilateral Tubal
Ligation
• Involves tying, cutting or
cauterizing the fallopian tubes.
• Usually done immediately after
delivery (within 24-48 hours)
when the incidence of morbidity
& failure are lowest
• May also be done in any phase
of the menstrual cycle
Methods:
o Mini-laparotomy
o Laparoscopy or “band-aid
surgery”
o Vaginal tubal sterilization

Vasectomy / Vas ligation

 • Accomplished without entry into
the abdominal cavity; twin
incisions are made in the area
where the scrotum joins the
body, just over the vas
deferens.
4.2.1 Advantages • The tubes are tied and
and disadvantages of separated; portions maybe
natural and artificial excised.
family planning
method.

Advantages:
• Safe and has no side-effects.
• Inexpensive.
• Acceptable to religious
affiliations that do not accept
artificial methods of
contraception.
• Helpful for planning pregnancy
and avoiding pregnancy.
• Promotes communication about
family planning and
contraception between couples.

Disadvantages:
• Involves long preparation
and intensive recording
 before it can be used.
• There is a need to abstain
on certain days which may
be inconvenient for the
couple.
• Not ideal to women with
irregular cycles.
• Not very reliable because of
menstrual cycle variations
that may occur anytime.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Books:

• Community Health Nursing 9th edition

• Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology 5th edition
• Manual on Effective Parenting vol.7
• Maternal and Child Health Nursing 9th edition
• Mosby’s Pocket Dictionary 4th edition

Internet sources:

• www.google.com
 • www.yahoo.com
• www.scribd.com

UNIVERSITY OF CEBU
LAPULAPU AND MANDAUE
COLLEGE OF NURSING
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

RESOURCE UNIT

MEMBERS:

Abucay, Christorey L.
Alfonso, Arthuss Zeus G.
Ho, Jerald Andrew A.
Inoc, Shanen Carol T.
 Iway, Cristine Angela B.
Lufrangco, Jesibel C.
Ompad, Jessa Clyde A.
Pajo, Jenneylin L.
Ramirez, Karl James B.
Reynes, Ray John S.

This type of mucus is described as

“clear and transluscent and about the consistency of raw egg white.”

CONDOM
LAM – lactation amenorrheal method –
hormone that inhibits ovulation is prolactin.
• breast feeding- menstruation will come out
4 – 6 months
• bottle fed 2 – 3 months
• disadvantage of lam – might get pregnant
Female Condoms
How to use the female condoms?

• Open the Female condom package
carefully; tear at the notch on the top
right of the package. Do not use
scissors or a knife to open.
• The outer ring covers the area around
the opening of the vagina. The inner
ring is used for insertion and to help
hold the sheath in place during
intercourse
• While holding the Female condom at the
closed end, grasp the flexible inner ring and
squeeze it with the thumb and second or
middle finger so it becomes long and narrow

Choose a position that is comfortable for insertion – squat, raise one leg, sit or lie down.
• Gently insert the inner ring into the vagina.
Feel the inner ring go up and move into
place.

• Place, the index finger on the inside of the condom,

and push the inner ring up as far as it will go. Be
sure the sheath is not twisted. The outer ring should
remain on the outside of the vagina.
 • To remove the Female condom, twist the outer ring
and gently pull the condom out

• When you are ready, gently guide • Wrap the condom in the package or in tissue, and
your partner’s penis into the throw it in the garbage. Do not put it into the toilet.
Pills condom's Injectable
opening withcontraceptive
your hand to (Depo-provera, Noristerat, etc.)
• The female condom is now in place and ready for make sure that it enters properly – be
use with your partner. sure that the penis is not entering on
the side, between the sheath and the
vaginal wall.

Tubal Occlusion / Bilateral Tubal Ligation