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The risk can¶t be eliminated. A good project manager will not eliminate all risks, issues and
surprises, but will provide standard processes and procedures to deal with them and help prevent
omission:

1.? ×rojects finishing late,

2.? Successful projects, despite a lack of planning, achieved through high stress levels,
goodwill and significant amounts of overtime.
3.? ×roject management seen as not adding value and as a waste of time and money.
4.? Unforeseen internal and/or external events impacting the project.

Moreover, ×roject management is about creating an environment and conditions in which a

defined goal or objective can be achieved in a controlled manner by a team of people.

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  C. Budget cut B. Technical failure.
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í It allows for putting in order risks according to
priority. It allows for determination of areas of greater
risk in a short time and without bigger expenditures.
Historical Research, allows one to discuss past and
present events in the context of the present condition,
and allows one to reflect and provide possible answers
to current issues and problems.
í It does not allow for determination of probabilities
and results
Using numerical measures. Costs-benefits analysis is
more difficult during selection of protections.
Achieved results have general character, approximate
etc.
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The process of identification, assessment, and prioritization of risk followed by coordinated

and economical application of resources to minimize, monitor, and control the probability and
impact of unfortunate events or to maximize the realization of opportunities.

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1-? Risk awareness.
2-? Risk identification (checklists, prompt list, brainstorming).
3-? Risk owner identification.
4-? Qualitative assessment.
5-? Quantification of probability.
6-? Quantification of impact (severity).
7-? Exposure rating.
8-? Mitigation.
9-? Contingency provision.
10-?Risk register.
11-?Software usage (if any).
12-?Monitoring and reporting.

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1.? Avoid Conflict: collaborative efforts aim to engage stakeholders in a process of resolving
conflicts among them through negotiation, mediation, and collaborative learning.
2.? Develop a "Shared Vision": collaborative efforts intend for the stakeholders to come up
with a vision or direction that they can agree to and buy into.
3.? Formulate Creative Solutions: all collaborative efforts hope to use dialogue and group
processes to develop creative solutions that may not have emerged from traditional
planning exercises.

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The purpose of the ×ost ×roject Review is to find out:

1.? whether the expected benefits of the product have been realized
2.? if the product has caused any problems in use.

×ost project reviews may be held after any stage closure and always after project closure.

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An Organic structure encourages creativity because:

J? it decentralized decision making,

J? Flat structure with temporary groups/teams based around specific projects. Informal
communications permitted.
J? Flexible job definitions, few rigid rules and procedures.
J? ×ower and authority changing with changing circumstances and based upon individual
skills and ability.
J? Œateral communications dominate.
J? üood for developing new ideas, interdependence among employees and units
J? employee participation in problem solving and decision making, often interactively and
in groups




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Yes, Jarir is an Organic Organization because it provides employees with a relatively high
degree of autonomy and control over their jobs, giving them the confidence to experience with
new ideas and to interact with others in their development without fear or failure. As an example
Jarir bookstore have these objectives:

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