Agma 2000

.
AGHA 2000-A 0687575 O001022 114
ERRATA July, 1990

ANWAGMA 2000-ASS, Gear Classification and Inspection Handbook
The following editorial corrections have been made to ANSIIAGMA 2000-A88, Gear CZassi,fication and
Inspection Handbook, (originally printed March, 1988 and September, 1988).
These changes are in addition to those noted in the Errata issued in January, 1989.
Upon complete review and ballot, the active members of the AGMA Inspection and Handbook Commit-
tee have decided that the transverse plane is where the tooth thickness tolerance is applied. This changes
the word "normal" to the word "transverse" on page 15 in the second line of the definition for Tooth
Thickness Variation, and on page 35 in the third line of paragraph 6.2.4.
Additional corrections were also discovered:
PAGE ITEM CHANGE
32 Eq5.5M The first term following the equal sign should read 0.0974, with the full
equation reading,
= 0.0974 [-0.0062 Q3+ 0.34641 Q? 6.8371 Q + 48.1481
%T
47 & 71 Table 6-2 & The valuesforDiametralPitch 0.5 thru 8.0 (Module 3.0 t h 50),
Table 6-2M Quality 5 are removed to agree with the formulalimitsestablished in
Sections 5 and SM.
91 Table 8-1M The valueslistedinincheswere changedtothe appropriate millimeter
and micrometer values.
of all the above items except Tables 6-2 and
A sticker is included which consists of corrected versions
6-2M. Users of ANSI/AGMA 2001-B88 are encouraged to cut out and insert these stickers in their
copies of the Standard and to cross out the values noted above in Tables 6-2 and 6-2M.
COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

Licensed by Information Handling Services
A G H A 2000-A 06137575 0001023 050 m
Page 15:
r ToothThicknessVariation.The variation
1
from a specifiedvalue of transversecircular
tooth thickness.
L J
Page 91:
r Table8-1M
1
Master Gear Class Element
Page 32: Tolerances-Coarse Module
-
I I (Diameter 50 - 150 mm)
= 0.0974 [-0.0062 Q3+0.34641 Q t 6.8371 Q Tolerance'
%T
L
+ 48.1481 (Eq 5.5M)
J Gear (micrometers, Pm)
Master
Element Gear Class
31 2 4 5
Runout Over
One Pin
(FIM*) 12.5 10.0 7.5
5.0
2.5
Profile' 6.5 7.5 5.0
2.5 4.0
Page 35: Pitch
Variation 2.5
2.5
5.0
5.0 2.5
r 6.2.4 Tooth Thickness Tolerance, t T' The
1 L J
tooth thickness tolerance asspecified by the
AGMA Class Number is applied to the
transversecircular tooth thickness. If tooth
thickness isspecifiedby a singlevalue, it is r Table 8-1M (cont)
1
understood to be the maximumvalue and the
tolerance is subtracted fromit to obtain the Tooth Alignment Tolerance (W)
minimum tooth thickness. The AGMA tooth For All Coarse Module Master Gear Classes
thickness tolerance codes (A, B, C or D as listed
in Table 6-3) should be applied separately from Tolerance3
Face Width
the selection of AGMA Quality
Number (micrometers,
(mm) Pm)
tolerances. In many applications, allowing a 25 2.5
largerrange of tooth4.0thickness tolerance or 50
operating backlash w i not affect the
l
l 75 5.0
performance or load capacity of highly accurate 100 6.5
gears, and may allow more economical 125 7.5
manufacturing. A tight tooth thickness tolerance
should not be used unless absolutely necessary, L J
since it has a strong influence on manufacturing
cost (see AGMA 231).
L J

A G M A 2000-A Ob87575 O O O L O 2 4 T 9 7
ERRATA January 19, 1989

ANWAGMA 2000-A88, Gear Classification and Inspection Handbook
ITEM A The following editorial corrections have been made to ANWAGMA 2000-A88, Gear Clussifi-
cation und Inspection Handbook, volumes printed March 1988 and September 1988.
These changes, discovered after publication, have not been made in the printing of this document. The
changes are shown below, and users of ANWAGMA 2000-A88 are advised to to make the necessary
changes to the appropriate pages.
PAGE ITEM CHANGE
29 Eq 5.10 The first term following the equal sign should read 5.0337, with the full
equation reading,
Y = (5.0337loglo Pnd ) - 0.5153
32 Eq 5,2M The Isst t e m shm!d read (1.42) @-QI . The full eq~~at'.sn
shcdd read,
O. 177 (mn)0*401 (1.42)(8-Q)
5 V ~ A= 7.289(~i )
33 Eq 5.10M The second term following the equal sign should read 5.0337, with the
full equation reading,
-
Y = 6.5562 [5.0337log 10 mn ]
33 Eq 5.12M The first term following the equal sign should read 36.83; the second
term should read 0.3937, with the parentheses moved to include it.
The full equation should read,
(0.03937 z i m )
(0.15)
0.1477 m,,
I
58 Table 6-3 The missing values for line 5.0 Diametral Pitch, Quality 7 thru 15 are:
A = 0.0075, B = 0.0037 and C= 0.0019.
60 through 81 symbols The second symbol in the table heading, for module, should read m n
(lower case m) in all metric tables.
102 Fig 9-10 The y - a i s of the figure,"lNDEX READING", should read "INDICATOR
READINGS" as in Fig 9-12.
103 Fig 9-14 The y-axis or'the figure should be labeled "INDEX VARIAS IUN, V , "
ITEM B In addition, it has been noted that there is a conflict between statements made in paragraphs
6.2.4, on page 35, and 6.2.4M on page 59. The first states, "The tooth thickness tolerance as specified
by the AGMAClassNumberisapplied to the normal circular tooth thickness." The second states,
" ,,.tolerance as specified by the AGMA Class Number is applied to the transverse circular tooth thick-
ness. "
Upon review in January 1989, the active members of the AGMA Inspection and Handbook Committee
have recommended that the ,transverseplane is where the tooth thickness tolerance is applied. This would
changes the word "normal" to the word "transverse" in Section 2 on page 15 in the second line of the
definition for Tooth Thickness Variation, and in Section 6 on page 35 in the third line of paragraph
6.2.4. Users of ANSIIAGMA 2000-A88 are advised that this recommendation is not part of the
standard until the appropriate ballot and standard's revision process is completed.

AGMA 2000-A 9 O b 8 7 5 7O
5 001025 923
. ,
ANSYAGMA 2000-A88
March 1988
. -.
(Partial Revision of AGMA 390.03)
-
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
GEAR CLASSIF'ICATION AND INSPECI'ION
HANDBOOK :
Tolerances And Measuring Methods For Unassembled
Spur And Helical Gears (Including Metric Equivalents)
DARD

A G M A 2000-A = Ob87575 OOOLO2b 8bT
GEAR CLASSIFICATION AND INSPECTION HANDBOOK

Tolerances And Measuring Methods For Unassembled Spur And Helical Gears
(Including Metric Equivalents)
AGMA 2000-A88
(Partial Revision of AGMA 390.03)
[Tables or other self-supporting sections may be quoted or extracted in their entirety. Credit line
should read: Extracted from AOMA Standard 2000-AM, Gear Classffication and Inspection Handbook,
Tolerancesand MeaSUring Methods for Unassembled Spur and Helical Gears (Including Metric
Equivalents), with the permission of the publisher, American GearManufacturers Asiociation, 1500 King
Street, Suite 201, Alexandria, Virginia 22314.1
AGMA standards are subject to constant improvement,revision or withdrawal as dictated by
experience. Any person who refers to an AGMA technical publication shouldbe sure that the publication
is the latest available from the Association on the subject.
ABSTRACT
This Standard, for spur and helical gearing, correlates gear quality levels with gear tooth tolerances. It
provides information onmanufacturingpractices as well as gearmeasuring methods and practices.
Appendix material provides guidance on specifying a quality level and information on additional methods
of gear inspection.
Copyright 1988
.&
2000-A88
.,~

A G M A 2000-A Ob87575 O O O L O 2 7 7Tb
Gear Classification and Inspection Handbook for Unassembled Spur and Helical Gears
FOREWORD
[The foreword, footnotes, and appendices are provided for informational purposes only, and should
not be construed asa part of American Gear ManufacturersAssociation Standard 2000-A88, Gear
Classification and Inspection Handbook.]
This Handbook provides tolerances for different gear quality levels from Q3 to Q15 for unassembled
spur and helical gears. It further describes methods and practices for measuringthe various gear elements
for which tolerances are provided. Applicable definitions are provided.
The purpose is to provideacommonbasis for specifyingquality, and for the procurement of
unassembledgears. It is not adesignmanualfordetermining the specificqualitylevelsforagiven
application. It is not intended for use as a reference in procurement of enclosed drives.
The AGMA Standard 390.03 was publishedin 1973 asaconsolidation and updating of several
withdrawn AGMA publications, including:
AGMA 235 (Feb., 1966), Information Sheet for Master Gears
.O2
AGMA 239.01 (Oct., 1965), Measuring Methods and Practices Manual for Control of Spur, Helical
and Herringbone Gears
AGMA 239.01A (Sept., 1966), Measuring Methods and Practices Manual for Control of Bevel and
Hypoid Gears, and parts of
AGMA 236.04(05), Inspection of Fine-Pitch Gears
AGMA 390.02 (Sept., 19641, GearClassification Manual originallypublishedasAGMA 390.01
” (1961)
Data was added for Gear Rack and Fine-Pitch Worms and Wormgears. The former separate sections
of AGMA 390.02 for Coarse-Pitch and Fine-Pitch spur, Helical and Herringbone Gearingwas blended to
offer a single, compatible classification system The tolerance source identifier “Q” was added to indicate
that the tolerances in 390.03 apply. If Q is not used as a prefix in the quality number, tolerances in
AGMA 390.01 and 390.02 apply.
This Handbook is an update of those sectionsfromAGMA 390.03 forparallelaxisgears only.
Additionally, the formulas have alsobeen developed to derive the tolerances in metric terms. The format
of the tolerance tables has been revisedforimproved presentation butbasic tolerance levels are
unchanged from AGMA 390.03. The other material in AGMA 390.03 on Bevels, Racks and Worms is
not covered here, and is left unchanged in AGMA 390.03.
A revision of 390.03 was initiated by a joint panel of representatives of AGMA and General Motors
Corporation, meeting from 1975 to 1977. Subsequently, it was revised by personnel of the AGMA Gear
Classification Handbook Committee as AGMA 2000. This version was approved by AGMA membership
in January 1988 and as a American National Standard Institute (ANSI) standard on March 3 1, 1988* .
Suggestions for improvement of this Standard will be welcome. They should be sent to the American
Gear Manufacturers Association, 1500 King Street, Suite 201, Alexandria, Virginia 22314.
* For the convenience of the reader, t h i s Standard has been published on colored paper. Appropriate
Sections in conventional units of measure are in yellow; SI (metric) in rose; and common material in
white. The Appendices are inblue.
AGMA iii 2000-A88

Personnel of AGMA Inspection and Handbook Committee

and Classification of Unassembled Gears Subcommittee
Chairman: P. M.Dean, Jr. (Consultant)
ChairmanSubcommitteeClassificationSystem: J. C.Leming(Deceased)
ChairmanSubcommitteeMeasuringMethods: R. E. Smith(R.E.SmithCompany)
Editor: W. A. Bradley(Consultant)
ToleranceTables: I. Laskin(Consultant)
ACTIVE MEMBERS
L. E. Andrew (Garrett), Deceased
F. E. Benton(Fellows),Deceased
J. F. Boesen (Overton Gear)
C.W. Carpenter (Xtek)
J. F. Craig(CumminsEngine)
J. Dykuizen(Fairfield)
R. Green (Eaton)
J. S. Hamilton(WallaceMurray)
G.W.Kappe1(ArrowGear)
H. Krey (Cincinnati Gear)
E. Lawson(M & M Precision)
R. L. Leslie(Speco)
D. R. McVittie(GearEngineers, Inc.)
J. R. Miller(MAAG)
T. Porter (Illinois Tool Works)
V. Z. Rychlinski(BradFoote)
P. Scheran (Pratt & Whitney)
E. R.Sewall(Sewall Gear)
F. A. Sirianni (Skidmore Gear)
L. J. Smith (InvincibleGear)
D. S. Whitney(Fellows)
K. D.Young(ChicagoGear)
ASSOCIATE MEMBERS
J. M. Adorjan (Dresser)
W. Coleman (Honorary Member), Deceased
J. E. Eaton (Auburn Gear)
J. E.Gutzwiller(BostonGear)
G. Henriot (Engrenages et Reducteurs)
W. L. Janninck (IllinoisEclipse)
A. J. Lemanski(Sikorsky)
A. J. Lucas (Cincinnati Gear)
T. F. McKee(Dresser)
B.D. Pyeatt (Amarillo Gear)
W. L. Shoulders (Reliance Electric)
M. Tanaka (Nippon Gear)
S. Tomio (Tsubakimoto-Morse)
H. J. Trapp (Klingelnberg Soehne)
R. D.Wilson(Dresser)
AGMA iv 2000-A88

A G H A 2000-A Ob87575 O O O ’ L O 2 9 579
Table of Contents
Title Section Page
.
1 Scope
1.1 Equations for Tolerances ........................................ 1
1.2 Tolerance Tables ............................................... 1
1.3 TolerancesMaster
for Gears ..................................... 1
1.4 Measuring
Methods and Practices ................................. 1
1.5 Materials and Heat Treatment .................................... 1
1.6 Exceptions .................................................... 1
2 . Symbols.Terminology and Definitions
2.1 Fundamental
Terms and Symbols ................................. 2
2.2 Definitions ..................................................... 5
3 . Manufacturing and Purchasing Considerations
3.1 Manufacturing Certification ...................................... 16
3.2 Process Control ................................................ 16
3.3 InspectionMethods ............................................. 16
3.4 Additional Considerations ........................................ 19
3.5 Interpretation of Data ........................................... 23
3.6 Acceptance
Criteria ............................................. 23
4 . Application of the AGMA Classification System
4.1 Classification
Basis
of System ..................................... 24
4.2 The AGMA Quality
Number ..................................... 25
..
4.3 Additional Characteristics ........................................ 25
4.4 Accuracy Tolerances ............................................ 25
5 . Formulas for Gear Accuracy Tolerances
5.1 Derivation .................................................... 27
5.2 SymbolsUsed in Tolerance Formulas .............................. 27
5.3 Rounding of Tolerance Values .................................... 27
5.4 Runout.
Radial. Tolerance.yT .................................. 27
5.5 Pitch Variation. Allowable. ................................... 28
5.6 Profile Tolerance. QT ........................................... 28
5.7 Tooth
Alignment Tolerance. (Formerly Total Lead Tolerance). \T ..... 28
5.8 Composite Tolerance. Tooth-to-Tooth
(Double Flank). $T ........... 28
5.9 Composite Tolerance. Total (Double Flank). VcqT ................... 28
5.10 Tooth Thickness Tolerance, t T. inches ............................ 29
.
5M Metric Formdas for Gear Accuracy Tolerances
5.1M Metric Derivation .............................................. 31
5.2M SymbolsUsedin Metric Tolerance Formulas ........................ 31
5.3M Rounding of Metric Tolerance Values .............................. 31
5.4M Metric Runout.
Radial. Tolerance. .............................
yT 31
5.5M Metric Pitch Variation. Allowable. vp~
............................. 32
. 5.6M Metric Profile Tolerance; %T ..................................... 32
5.7M Metric Tooth
Alignment Tolerance, (Formerly Total Lead Tolerance). 32
5.8M Metric Composite Tolerance. Tooth-to-Tooth
(Double Flank). $T ..... 32
5.9M Metric Composite Tolerance. Total (Double Flank). VcqT .............. 33
5.10M Metric Tooth Thickness Tolerance. t T values are in millimeters (mm) . . 33
AGMA V 2000-AB8

A G M A 2000-A rn Ob87575 0001030 290 rn
Table of Contents (cont)

Title Section Page
6 . Accuracy Tolerance Tables for Gears
6.1 UseofTables ................................................. 35
6.2 Accuracy
Tolerances ............................................ 35
6M. Metric Accuracy Tolerance Tables for Gears
6.1M
Use of Metric
Tables ........................................... 59
6.2M
Metric
Accuracy
Tolerances ...................................... 59
7 . Materials. Heat Treatment and Hardness Classification
7.1 Purpose ...................................................... 83
Selection
7.2 ..................................................... 83
Designation
7.3 ................................................... 83
8. Classification and Accuracy Tolerances for Spur and Helical Master Gears
8.1 Classification of Master
Tolerances ................................ 87
8.2 Tooth Thickness Tolerance
Range
for
Master
Gears .................. 87
8.3
Designation of Master
Gear
Class
Number .......................... 87
Recommended
8.4 Application ....................................... 87
Suggested
8.5 Marking of Master
Gears ............................... 90
8M. Metric Accuracy Tolerances for Spur and Helical Master Gears
8.1M
Classification of Metric
Master
Tolerances .......................... 91
8.2M Tooth ThicknessTolerance
for
Metric
Master
Gears .................. 91
8.3M
Designation of Metric
MasterGear
Number ......................... 91
8.4M
Recommended Metric
Application ................................. 91
9. Measuring Methods and Practices
9.1 Inspection
Practices ............................................. 95
9.2 Runout of Teeth ............................................... 96
9.3 Pitchvariation ................................................ 98
Profile
9.4 ....................................................... 104
9.5 Tooth Alignment ............................................... 108
9.6
Composite
Action
Methods of Gear
Inspection ...................... 112
9.7 ToothThickness ............................................... 116
Appendices
Appendix
A
AGMAClass
Number System .................................... 121
Appendix B SymbolComparisonTable ....................................... 124
Appendix C Profile and Tooth AlignmentModifications ......................... 126
Appendix D ContactPatternCheck .......................................... 130
'3.
Appendix E AccumulatedPitchVariation ..................................... 132
Appendix F Single Flank CompositeTesting ................................... 137
Appendix G Calibration of MasterGears and Gear Rolling Fixtures(DoubleFlank) .. 142
.
AGMA vi 2000-A88

A G H A 2000-A 0687575 0001031 1 2 7

Section Title Page
Tables
2- 1 Alphabetical
Table of Terms with
Symbols.
by
Terms ................. 2
2-2 Alphabetical
Table of Symbols
with Terms. Symbols
by ............... 4
3- 1 IndividualElementTolerancesRequired byAGMAQualityNumber ..... 17

3-2 CompositeTolerancesRequired byAGMAQualityNumber ........... 17
. 3-3 MinimumNumber of MeasurementsforTypicalMethods ............. 18
3-4 RadialRunoutInspectionControl ................................. 19
3-5 PitchVariationInspectionControl ................................. 20
3-6 ProfileToleranceInspectionControl .............................. 20
3-7 Tooth AlignmentInspectionControl ............................... 21
3-8 CompositeActionInspectionControl .............................. 21
3-9 Tooth ThicknessInspectionControl ............................... 22
6- 1 Element
Tolerances ............................................. 36
6-2 Composite
Tolerances .......................................... 47
6-3 Tooth Thickness
Tolerance ...................................... 58
6- 1M
Element
Tolerances .............................................. 60
6-2M
Composite
Tolerances .......................................... 71
6-3M Tooth Thickness
Tolerance ..................................... 82
. -.
L-
.
7- 1 Materials and Heat Treatment ................................... 83
8- 1 Master Gear Class Element

Tolerances .Coarse-Pitch ................ 87
(Diameters 2-6 inch)
8-2 Reference
Master
GearClass
Composite
Tolerancesfor
Coarse-Pitch .... 87
(Diameters 2-8.25 inch)
8-3 Additional
Coarse-Pitch
Master Gear Tolerance ..................... 88
8-4 Tolerances
for
Fine
Pitch
Spur and Helical
Master
Gears .............. 88
8-5 Recommendation of Master Gear
Classes
for
Inspecting
SpecifiedQualityWorkGears .................................... 90
8-1M Master
Gear
Class
Element
Tolerances .Coarse-Module ............. 91
(Diameter 50-150mm)
8-2M ReferenceMaster
GearClassCompositeTolerancesfor
Coarse-Module . . 91
(Diameter 50-15Omm)
8-3M Additional
Coarse-Module Master Gear Tolerance ................... 92
8-4M Tolerancesfor
Fine-Module Spur and HelicalMaster
Gears ........... 92
8-5M Recommendation of Master Gear
Classes
for
Inspecting
.
4
SpecifiedQualityMetricWorkGears ............................. 94
.
9-1
Recommended
Checking
Load
for
Metallic
Gears .................... 116
AGMA vii 2000-A88

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 0001032 Ob3 m

Title Section Page
Figures
2- 1 Base
Helix ................................................... 5
2-2 Schematic of CompositeActionTestDevice ........................ 6
2-3 TotalCompositeVariationTrace .................................. 6
2-4 Schematic of Index VariationTest ................................ 7
2-5 Lead ...................................................... 8
2-6 Principal
Pitches .............................................. 8
2-7 Pitch
Variation
(Plus and Minus) ................................. 9
2-8 Total
Accumulated Pitch
Variation ............................... 9
2-9 PrincipalPlanesinGearGeometry ................................ 10
2-10 Tooth Profile in TransversePlane ................................. 11
2-1 1 Functional
Profile ............................................. 11
2-12 Profile “K” Chart ............................................. 11
2-13 (Plus and Minus) ........................................
Profile 12
2-14 Schematic of PitchMeasurement. TwoProfileDevice ................. 12
2-15 Span
Measurement ............................................ 13
2-16 Standard Profile
Angle ........................................ 13
2-17 Tolerance ..................................................... 14
2-18 Tooth Alignment “K” Chart ..................................... 14
2-19 Tooth AlignmentVariation ....................................... 14
2-20 Chordal and CircularToothThickness ............................. 15
2-2 1 Variation .................................................... 15
2-22 Allowable Variation ............................................. 15
4- 1 Illustration of AGMAClassificationNumber ........................ 24
9- 1 ReferenceSurfaces ............................................ 95
9-2 Tooth Identification Terminology .................................. 96
9-3 RunoutCheck.OverPin. Ball Probe .............................. 97
9-4 GearRollingFixture(DoubleFlankTesting) ....................... 97
9-5 CircularPitchMeasurement. Two ProbeDevice .................... 98
9-6 BasePitchMeasurement. Two ProbeDevice ....................... 99
9-7 PortablePitchMeasuring Device(CircularPitch) .................... 99
9-8 Schematic of Single Probe Measuring Device ........................ 100
9-9 Relationships of Pitch. Spacing. and Index Spacing. or Accumulated Pitch 101
9-10 Pitch Variation. Two Probe Device ................................ 102
9-1 1 Pitch Variation. Single Probe Device ............................... 102
9-12 Spacing Variation. Two Probe Device .............................. 102
9-13 Spacing Variation. Single Probe Device ............................. 103
.
9-14 AccumulatedPitchVariation.SingleProbeDevice ................... 103
9-15 Schematic of Involute Inspection Device ............................ 104
9-16 ProfileMeasuringMethod ....................................... 104
9-17 Profile Inspection by Coordinates (Tangent to the Base Circle) ......... 105
9-18 Graphic Charting of Points on a Profile ............................ 106
9-19 Typical Tooth Profile Measurement Charts .......................... 106
9-20 InvoluteProfileTolerance Zone .................................. 107
AGMA viii 2000-A88

ALMA 2000-A Ob87575 0001033 T T T

Title Section Page
Figures(cont)
9-2 1 ProfileInspection by OpticalProjection ............................ 107
9-22 ProfileInspection by Gear-ToothCaliperMethod .................... 108
9-23 ProfileInspection by MeasurementOverPins ....................... 108
9-24 Tooth AlignmentVariation ....................................... 108
9-25 GraphicCharting of Tooth Alignment .............................. 109
9-26 ProbePositioningforToothAlignmentInspection .................... 109
9-27 Tooth Alignment Tolerance. Zone ............................ 110
9-28 Tooth Alignment of Right Hand HelicalGear.ShortLead (-) . . . . . . . . . . 111
9-29 Tooth Alignment of Right Hand HelicalGear.LongLead (+) . . . . . . . . . . 111
9-30 Tooth Alignment of LeftHandHelicalGear.Long Lead (+) . . . . . . . . . . . 112
9-3 1 Tooth Alignment of Left Hand HelicalGear.ShortLead (-) . . . . . . . . . . 112
9-32 StripChartfromCompositeActionTest ............................ 113
9-33 Circular Tooth Thickness ....................................... 116
9-34 Tooth ThicknessMeasurement.GearToothCaliperMethod .......... 116
9-35 Tooth ThicknessMeasurement.GearToothComparatorMethod ...... 117
9-36 Tooth ThicknessInspection.MeasurementOverPins ................ 118
.
9.
..
AGMA ix 2000-A88
@$
._I.

A G N A 2000-A W Ob87575 0001034 93b
1. Scope 1.5 Materials and

Heat
Treatment. A
designation of the requiredmaterial and heat
This Standard establishes a classification treatment can be included as a part of theAGMA
system
whichmay be used to commúnicate ClassificationNumber.Designationnumbers are
geometrical quality specifications of unassembled provided which identify
gear
materials,
heat
external and internal involute gearing. It provides treatments, and hardness ranges (see Section 7).
a designationsystemforquality,materials, and 1.6 Exceptions. This Standard does not apply
heat treatment of spur, helical (single or double), to enclosed gear unit assemblies, including speed
and herringbonegears. It also
provides
reducers
increasers,
or gear
motors,
shaft
information on measuring methods and practices.
mountedreducers,highspeedunits, or other
This Standard provides the gear manufacturer and
enclosedgearunitswhich are sold on a rated
the gearbuyer with a mutuallyadvantageous
horsepowerbasisfor a given speed, ratio,or
reference foruniformtolerances and inspection
application. Gear design and backlash is beyond
procedures. Thirteen classes ofqualitylevels are
the scope of this Standard. Refer to the latest
definedinthis Standard, numbered Q3 through
AGMA Publications Index applicable
for
Q15, in order of increasing precision. standards. This Standard does not apply to gears
1.1 Equationsfor Tolerances. Equationsfor larger than 400 inches (10 O00 mm) inpitch
tolerances are providedforthose whowish to diameter,orlarger than 10 inches (250 mm)in
compute the tolerances that define the quality of face
width,
(per
helix, if doublehelical or
gearing in Section 5 . The equations yield the same herringbone) ; or helix angles
exceeding 45
values
as the tables. The accuracy tolerance degrees.
formulas are valid for gears of a minimum size of
NOTE: Tolerance values for gears outside
6 teeth through a maximum size of the lesser of
the limits stated in this Standard should be
1200 teeth or 400 inches (10 O00 mm) pitch
established by determining the specific
diameter.
application requirements. This may require
1.2 Tolerance Tables. Tolerancetablesderived setting a tolerance smaller than calculated
from the equations are provided whichshow the by the formulas this
in Standard,
maximum values that are allowedby the specific particularlyfortoothalignment of gears
QualityNumberfor a gearinSection 6. The with face widths over 10 inches (250 mm).
tolerance tables in this Standard list the formula
valuesfordiametralpitches O. 5 through 120 2. Symbols, Terminology and Definitions
(modules 50 through 0.2), and for gears ranging
in numbers of teeth from 6 through 200. The symbols, terminology and definitions
1.3 ToleranceforMasterGears. Tolerances pertaining to the tolerances and inspection of spur
which define levels of quality for master gears are and helical gear teeth are listed here for use in this
provided in Section 8. standard. For other definitions of geometric terms
related to gearing, see AGMA 112 (ANSI B6.14),
1.4 Measuring Methods
and
Practices.
Gear Nomenclature.
Measuring methods and practices are included in
order to promote uniform inspection procedures NOTE:
Some of the symbols and
(see Section 9). These methods permit the user to terminologycontainedinthisdocument
conduct measuring procedures which are accurate maydiffer
from
those
used
in
other
and repeatable to a degreecompatible with the documents and AGMA Standards. Users of
specified
quality.
Experienced
personnel, with this standard should assure themselves that
calibratedinstruments in suitablesurroundings, they are using the symbols, terminologyand
are required. definitions in the manner indicated herein.
ANSIIAGMA 1 2000-A88

A G H A 2000-A m Ob87575 0001035 8 7 2 m
2.1 Fundamental Terms and Symbols. The comparison of these symbols with those used in
terminology and symbols used in the standard are AGMA 112, AGMA 600, I S 0 701 and I S 0
listedalphabetically by term in Table 2-1, and 1328, ParallelInvolute Gears, I S 0 System of
alphabetically by symbol in Table 2-2. A Accuracy, is given in Appendix B.
Table 2-1
Alphabetical Table of Terms with Symbols, by Terms
Where
Terms
Addendum distance to datum circle Eq 9.1
Adjusted Number of Teeth Eq 2.1
Allowable Pitch Variation Eq 5.2
Angular Thickness Eq 9.2
Chordal Addendum Eq 9.1
Chordal Addendum Correction Factor Eq 9.1
Chordal Tooth Thickness 9.7.2.1.1
Circular Pitch, Transverse Eq 2.4
Circular Tooth Thickness Eq 9.2
Diameter,Pitch Eq 2.2
Diameter, Datum Circle Eq 9.1
Diameter,Outside Eq 9.1
Diametral Pitch, Transverse Eq 2.2
FaceWidth(Axial) Eq 5.5
Gage Block Stack Height Eq 9.6
Formula Constant for Thickness Code Eq 5.13
Helix Angle Eq 2.1
. Index Variation 9.3.2.1
Master Gear Total Composite Variation 9.6.3.2
Normal Diametral Pitch Eq 2.5
Normal Module Eq 5.1M
Normal Pitch Variation 9.3.1
Number of Teeth Eq 2.1
Pitch Variation 9.3.2.1
Pressure Angle, Normal Fig 2-9
Pressure Angle, Transverse Fig 9.35
Profile Tolerance Eq 5.3
Profile Variation Fig 2-19
Quality Number Eq 5.1
Radial Runout 9.2.2
Radial Runout Tolerance Eq 5.1
ANSIJAGMA 2000-ASS

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 000L03b 709 m
Table 2-1 (cont)

Alphabetical Table of Terms with Symbols, by Terms
Where
Terms
- ~~
Symbol Used(Metric) First
Spacing Variation v, 9.3.2.2
Test Distance (composite action test) 'd Eq 9.4
Test Radius, Master Gear 'rm Eq 9.4
Test Radius, Master Gear Arbor 'ram Eq 9.6
Test Radius, Work Gear 'rw Eq 9.4
Test Radius, Work Gear Arbor R raw Eq 9.6
Tooth Alignment Tolerance Eq 5.4
Tooth Alignment Variation Fig 9-24
Tooth Thickness Tolerance tT Eq 5.12
Tooth-to-Tooth Composite Tolerance Eq 5.6
v4T
(Double Flank)
Tooth-to-Tooth Composite Variation Fig 2-3
v9
(Double Flank)
Total Accumulated Pitch Variation vaP 9.3.2.1
Total Accumulated Pitch Variation, Within a vap k 9.3.2.1
Sector of k Pitches
Total Composite Tolerance (Double Flank) VCqT Eq 5.9
Total Composite Variation (Double Flank) vc9 9.6.3.2
Transverse Tooth Thickness tt Eq 9.2
True Position Pitch Pm 9.3.2.1
Variation in Gear Geometry V Eq 5.1
Variable, Equation Y Eq 5.10
Characteristic Symbols as Subscripts

Allowable Variation A "
Tolerance T --
ANSIIAGMA 2000-AS8

Table 2-2
Alphabetical Table of Symbols with Terms, by Symbols
Symbol Terms Symbol
(Metric) Terms
(Metric)
Chordal Addendum vc4 Total Composite Variation
Addendum Distance to Datum Circle
(Double
Flank)
TestDistance(compositeactiontest) V Total Composite Variation,
c4m
Master Diameter Pitch
Datum Circle Diameter Total Composite Tolerance
Outside Diameter (Double Flank)
Face Width (Axial) Pitch Variation
Gage Block Stack Height Allowable Pitch Variation
Formula Constant for Thickness Code Normal Pitch Variation
Normal Module Tooth-to-Tooth Composite
Number of Teeth Variation (Double Flank)
Adjusted Number of Teeth Tooth-to-Tooth Composite
Diametral Pitch, Transverse Tolerance(DoubleFlank)
Normal Diametral Pitch Radial Runout
Circular Pitch, Transverse Radial Runout Tolerance
True Position Pitch Spacing Variation
Quality Number Index Variation
Test Radius, Master Gear Arbor Tooth Alignment Variation
Test Radius, Work Gear Arbor Tooth Alignment Tolerance
Test Radius, Master Gear Profile Variation
Test Radius, Work Gear Profile Tolerance
Circular Tooth Thickness Angular Thickness
Chordal Tooth Thickness Pressure Angle, Transverse
Transverse Tooth Thickness Pressure Angle, Normal
Tooth Thickness Tolerance Helix Angle
Total Accumulated Pitch Variation Helix Angle at Datum Circle
Total Accumulated Pitch Variation, Chordal Addendum Correction Factor
Sector of k Pitches
..
A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 0001038 581 m
2.2 Definitions. The following definitions are Base Pitch. (See Pitch, Base)
listedinalphabetical order. In order to convey
Blank. (See Gear Blank)
the greatest amount of information however, the
names of several terms have been rearranged so Break, tip or edge. The tip or edge break
that the principal characteristics will be grouped (corner radius) refersto a rounding or chamfering
together. Thus, the term Allowable Pitch of the edgesformed by the intersection of the
variation may be foundin the list.However,it tooth flank and the end or top surface of a gear
refers the reader to Pitch Variation,Allowable tooth.
where the definition is found.Thisachievesa
close grouping of the related features of the basic
characteristic, pitch. The reader can compare
these termswithouthaving to search the entire
list.
Accumulated Pitch Variation Within a
Sector of k Pitches. (SeePitchVariation,Total
Accumulated, Within a Sector of k Pitches.)
AdjacentPitch Difference. (See
Spacing
Variation)
I
BASEHELIX
. BASECIRCLE
AdjustedNumber of Teeth, Ni ( z i ) . The
adjusted number of teeth is a factor for relating Fig 2-1 Base Helix
the number of teeth on a helical gearto those of a
spurgear of the samediameter. It is usedfor Chordal Tooth Thickness. (See
Tooth
entering the Tolerance Tables. Thickness, Chordal)
Circle, Datum, Dc . The datumcircle is a
circle on which measurements are made.
I
z i =- (Eq 2.1M)
cos p Circle, Pitch. (See Standard PitchCircle)
Allowable PitchVariation. (See

Pitch Circular Pitch. (See Pitch, Circular)
Variation,Allowable) Circular
Tooth Thickness. (See
Tooth
Allowable Variation. (See Variation, Allow- Thickness,Circular)
able) Composite Variation (Double Flank).
Axial Pitch. (See Pitch, Axial) Composite variation is the total change in center
distance when a gear is inspected by a composite
Axial Runout (Wobble).
(See
Runout, action test.
Axial)
Composite Action Test (Double Flank). The
Ball-Probe Test. (See 9.2.3.2)
composite action test is a method of inspection in
Base Circle. The base circle is a circle from which the work gear is rolled in tight double flank
which involute tooth profiles are derived. contact with a master gear or a specified gear, in
Base Cylinder. The cylinder
base order to determinecompositevariations. The
corresponds to the base circle, and is the cylinder composite action test must be made on a variable
from which involute tooth surfaces, either straight center distance composite action test device (see
or helical, are derived. Fig 2-2).
Base Helix. Basehelixisahelixwhichlies Composite Tolerance, Tooth-to-Tooth

on the base cylinder of a helical involute gear (see (Double Flank), VqT. The permissibleamount
Fig 2-1). of tooth-to-tooth composite variation.
ANWAGMA 5 2000-A88

A G H A 2000-A m ob87575 ooo1o3q 418 rn
Datum Axis of Rotation. The datum axis of

WORK GEAR rotation is the axis of the gear used as the basis
for measurements.
Datum Circle. (See Circle, Datum)
Datum Surface. (SeeSurface,Datum)
DatumTooth.
The datum tooth is the
designated tooth usedas the startingpointfor
measuring other teeth.
Diameter,ProfileControl. Profilecontrol
diameter is the specified diameter of the circle
beyond which the tooth profile must conform to
Fig 2-2 Schematic of Composite Action the specified
involute
curve.
(see
Profile,
Test Device Functional)
Composite Tolerance,Total (Double Double Flank Composite Action Test. (See

Flank), V c q ~ .The permissible amount of total Composite Action Test)
composite variation. Eccentricity. Eccentricity is the distance
between the center of a datum circle and a datum
Composite Variation, Tooth-to-Tooth
axis of rotation.
.
(Double Flank), vq The greatestchangein
center distance while the gearbeing tested is Edge Round. (See Break, tip or edge)
rotated through any angle of 360 degree/N during Face Width, F ( b ) . Face width is the length
a doubleflankcomposite action test (see Fig of the gear teeth in an axial plane. In this
2-3). Standard, the facewidth of a doublehelicalor
Composite Variation, Total (Double herringbone gear is the sum of the axial lengths of
each helix.
c9-
Flank), V The total change in center distance
while the gear being tested is rotated one complete FaceWidth,Functional.
The functional
revolutionduring double flankcompositeaction face width is that portion of the face width less
test (see Fig 2-3). the edge round at each end.
4 1 REVOLUTION (360’) OF WORK GEAR _____L
O O O a O O O O O
O O 0 O O O O e O
Fig 2-3 Total Composite Variation Trace
ANWAGMA 6 2000-A88

Flank. (See Surface, Tooth) between the extreme values of index variation for
Form Diameter. (See
Diameter,
Profile a given
gear. Total index variation is also
equivalent to Total Accumulated Pitch Variation,
Control)
vap, as measured by a two probe spacing system.
FunctionalGear Size.(See Tooth Thick-
ness, Functional) Index Variation Total Within a Sector OF k
FunctionalFace Width. (See Face Width, Teeth. Total index variation within any sector of
Functional) k teeth is the maximumalgebraicdifference
Functional Profile. (See hofile, Functional) between extreme values of Index Variation within
a sector of k teeth.
FunctionalTooth Thickness. (See Tooth
Thickness, Functional) Indicating Over Pins. The measurement of
Gear Blank.The workpieceusedfor the the change in radial distance over pins or wires
manufacture of a gear, prior to machining the gear placed in each tooth space to determine runout
teeth. with reference to the rotating axis.
Index Variation, V.‘ Index variationis the InspectionChart.The generated recording

displacement of any tooth fromits theoretical or trace from an inspectionmachineused to
position, relative to a datum tooth. Measurements display a measured variation of gear geometry.
are usually linear, near the middle of the
“K” Chart. (See hofile Tolerance and
functional tooth profile, and if madenormal to
9.4.2.1)
the tooth surface, should be corrected to the
transverse plane. Distinction is madeas to the Lead. Lead is the axial advance of a helix
algebraic signof this reading (see Fig 2-4). for one revolution (360 degrees), as in a screw
Index
Variation,
Total. Total index thread, and the teeth of a helicalgear(see Fig
variation is the maximumalgebraicdifference 2-5).
INDEXMECHANISM
-/
x
CIRCLE
INDEX READINGS ( v,)
DASHLINESREPRESENT
THEORETICAL LOCATION
W
Fig 2-4 Schematic of Index Variation Test
ANWAGMA 7 2000-A88

A G M A 2000-A Ob87575 OOOLO4L 07b
4
"
0
LEAD
- \
HELIX
ANGLE"
4
Fig 2-5 Lead

Lead
Variation. (See Tooth Alignment Pitch, Axial. Axialpitch is the pitch of a
Variation) gear parallel to the axis of rotation.
Master Gear. A gear of known quality, used Pitch, Base, p b . Base pitch of an involute
to perform a composite action test. gearis equal to the circumference of the base
Measurement Over Pins. The measurement circledivided by the number of teeth. It is the
of the distance taken over a pin positioned in a pitch on the base circle or alongthe line of action.
tooth space and a reference surface. The Correspondingflanks of involutegear teeth are
reference surface may be the reference axis of the parallel curves, and the base pitch is the constant
gear, a datum surface, or either one or two pins and fundamental distance between them along a
positioned in the tooth space or spaces opposite tangent to the basecirclein a transverseplane
the first. This measurement is used to determine (see Fig 2-6).
tooth thickness. Pitch, Base, Normal. The normal base pitch
in an involute helical gear is the base pitch in the
Mounting Surface. A mounting surface is a
normal plane. It is the normal distance between
surface used to locate and support a gearinits
finalapplication.Usually, at least one axial and parallelhelicalinvolutesurfaces onthe line of
action in the normal plane, or is the length of arc
one radial surface are involved. Preferably, these
on the normal base helix. It is a constant distance
same surfaces should be used for manufacturing
and inspection operations. in any helical involute gear.
I
Pitch Circle. (See Standard PitchCircle)
Normal Base Pitch. (See
Pitch,
Base,
Normal) BASEPITCH
Normal Chordal Tooth Thickness. (See \
Tooth Thickness, Chordal, Normal)

Normal Pressure Angle.
(See hessure
Angle,Normal)
Normal Tooth Thickness. (See Tooth
Thickness, Normal)
.
Outside Diameter, D, The outside diameter
BASE TANGENT
is the diameter of the addendum circle (outside)
of a cylindrical gear. Fig 2-6 Principal Pitches
Pitch. Pitch is the distance betweensimilar,
equally spaced tooth surfaces along a given line or Pitch,Circular, p . Circularpitch is the
arc in the transverse plane (see Fig 2-6). In this distance alonga specified pitch circle or pitch line
Standard, the use of the single word pitch is to between corresponding profiles of adjacent teeth
mean circular pitch. (see Fig 2-6).

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 0001042 TO2 m
divided by the number of teeth. This can be

determined by the average of pitch all
measurements of the entire gear taken on
successive
pairs of teeth,
or between
corresponding points of adjacent teeth generated
by an angular positioning device.
Pitch
Tolerance. (See
Pitch
Variation,
f +POSITION
G+ Allowable)
PitchVariation, vP ' Pitchvariationis the
PITCH
DASH
LINES
REPRESENT
THEORETICAL LOCATION algebraic (+ or -) plus or minus difference in the
transverse plane, between the true position pitch,
Fig 2-7 Pitch Variation Pm
and an actual pitch measurement. If
(Plus and Minus) measuredin a plane other thanthe transverse
plane, a correction using the appropriate helix
Pitch Cylinder. Cylinder of the same angle must be applied to the measured value (see
diameter as the pitch circle. Figs2-7 and 2-8).
PitchDiameter, D . The pitch diameter is Pitch Variation, Allowable, vpA. Allowable
the diameter of a standard pitchcircle and is pitch variation is the maximum allowable amount
defined by the number of teeth divided by the of pitchvariation. It is the permissibleplus or
transverse diametral pitch, P d . It is also defined minus variation from the true position pitch and it
from the pitch of the basic rack of the 20 degrees is the amount shown in the tables or formulas.
(or other) gear system employed.
"
SECTOR OF THRl PITCHES
N L_
D=--. (Eq 2.2)
'd
lur
D =mN (Eq 2.2M)
Pitch, Diametral, Pd. Diametral pitch is the
ratio of the number of teeth to the pitch diameter
in the transverse plane. It is also defined from the c vp
pitch of the basic rack.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0
TOOTHNUMBER
Pitch, Diametral, Normal, pnd. The normal

Fig 2-8 Total Accumulated Pitch
Variation
diametral pitch is a ratio of the pitch diameter to
the number of teeth corrected by the helix angle. Pitch
Variation,
Normal, vPn ' Normal
In helicalgearing, the diametral pitch can be pitch variationis the plus or minus pitch measured
referenced to the normal plane byapplying the in the normal plane (seeFig2-9for normal
cosine of the helix angle. plane).
Pitch Variation Tolerance, Total, Accum-
ulated. The total accumulatedpitchvariation
tolerance is the permissible amount of total
Pitch,True Position
Pm
.
The true position accumulatedpitchvariation.(SeeAppendix E
pitch is the circumference of the datumcircle for guidance).
9 2000-A88

PitchVariation,Total,Accumulated, vU P . a plane canbe normal to onlyone tooth at a
Total accumulated pitch variation is equal to the point.
algebraic difference between the maximumand Plane, Pitch. A pitch plane maybeany
minimum values obtained from the summation of plane tangent to a gear’s pitch cylinder.
successivevaluesof pitch variation, V and is
P’ Plane,Transverse. A transverse plane is
the same as total index variation (see Fig 2-8). perpendicular to
the axis of rotation. The
Pitch Variation, Total, Accumulated,With- transverse plane and plane of rotation coincide
in a Sector of k Pitches, Vupk . Total Ac- (see Fig 2-9).
cumulated Pitch Variation within a Sector of k Pressure Angle, Normal, +n. The normal
Pitches is equal to the algebraic sum of individual pressure angle is the angle at a point on the pitch
plus or minus adjacent pitch variations, Vp , within cylinderbetween the line of pressurewhichis
that sector. The Total Accumulated Pitch normal to the tooth surface and the plane tangent
Variation within a Sector of three (Æ = 3) pitches, to the pitch cylinder. The pressure angle gives the
Q p 3 , is shown in Fig 2-8. direction of the normal to a tooth profile (see Fig
2-9). (For additional information on pressure
Plane, Normal. Anormal plane is a plane and profileangles
see AGMA 112, Gear
normal to a tooth surface at a specified diameter . Nomenclature, Definition Number 9 .O 1)
At such a point, the normal plane contains the
line normal to the tooth surface and the radius
Pressure Angle, Transverse, +.
The trans-
verse pressure angleis the pressure anglein a
from the point to the axis of rotation (see Fig
transverse plane.
2-9). On a helical rack, a normal plane is normal
to all teeth it intersects; on a helical gear however, Process Control. (See 3.2)
.ANE
Fig 2-9 Principal Planes in Gear Geometry
ANSIIAGMA 2000-A88

10
rn
A G N A 2000-A Ob87575 0001044 885
Profile. Profileis one side of a tooth in a Profile

Tolerance, V+T. The permissible
cross section between the outside circle and the amount of profilevariation in the functional
root circle. Usually a profileis the curve of profile;
designated by a specified “K” chart
intersection of a tooth surface and a plane or envelope as shown in Fig 2-12. Plus material at
surface normal to the pitch surface, such as the the tipwhichincreases the amount of variation
transverse, normal, or axial plane (see Fig 2-10). outside the functionalprofile is not acceptable.
Minus material beyond the start of tip break can
PROFILE TIP be disregarded (see Fig 2-1 1).
PLANE 1- PROFILE
TOLERANCE
OUTSIDE DIAMETER
””””””
/ ~ ”
TOOTH
SURFACE HIGH POINT OF
TOOTH CHART MUST
Fig 2-10 Tooth Profile in Transverse BE TANGENT TO
FUNCTIONAL
Plane REFERENCE LINE\ PROFILE
ProfileControlDiameter. (SeeDiameter,
Profile Control)
”
SPACE
Profile,
Functional. Functional
profile is
(+)
that portion of the tooth flank between the profile
control diameter and the addendum circle or start
of tip break (see Fig 2-11). PROFILE
CONTROLDIAMETER
J OUTSIDE DIAMETER
0 REFERENCE LINE
%- \START OF TIP BREAK

-+PITCH DIAMETER
kPROFILE CONTROL
Fig 2-12 Profde “K” Chart
ProfileVariation, V4. Profilevariationis
-C DIAMETER
-BASE CIRCLE the differencebetween the measured andthe
-ROOT DIAMETER specifiedfunctionalprofile. If measuredin a
EXTERNAL
TOOTH normal plane, a correction using the appropriate
helix angle must be applied to the measured value
(see Fig 2-13).
IAMETER
Quality. The characteristic properties of a
CONTROL
ETER gear distinguishingthe nature of its manufacturing
PITCH DIAMETER tolerances.
START OF TIP BREAK

Quality
Number, Q. A number repre-
sentative of the levelofqualitypossessedby
”.“.
INTERNAL
- %INSIDE DIAMETER
CIRCLE
BASE
gear, as determined by this Standard (see 4.2).
a
TOOTH
Reference Axis. Reference axis is a specified
line about which a gear is intended to rotate.
Fig 2-11 Functional Profile ReferenceTooth. (SeeDatum Tooth)
ANSI/AGMA 11 2000-A88

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 0001045 711 m
is used to determine tooth thickness(see Fig

TRUEINVOLUT
2-15).
Standard Pitch Circle. A circle defined by
the number of teeth and a specified module or
diametral pitch(see Eq 2.2 and AGMA 112.05
paragraphs 8.16 and 9 .O 1).
DIAMETER
\PROFILE CONTRO~
Fig 2-13 Profile (Plus and Minus)
Runout. Runout is the maximumvariation

of the distance between a surface of revolution
and a datum surface, measured perpendicularlyto
that datum surface.
Runout, Axial. Axial runout (wobble) is the
runout of theteeth measuredin a direction
parallel to the datum a x i s of rotation.
Fig 2-14 Schematic of Pitch
Runout,Radial, V,. Radial runout is the Measurement, Two Probe Device
runout measured in a direction perpendicular to
the datum axis of rotation. Standard Profile Angle. Standard profile
Runout,
Radial,
Tolerance, V,=. Radial angle is the angleat the standard pitchcircle
between a line tangent to the tooth surface and a
runout tolerance is the permissible amount of
radialline of the standard pitchcircle(seeFig
runout.
2-16). The profileangle and the pressureangle
Single Probe Device.(See 9.3.3.2) have the same magnitude.
Spacing. The term spacing is used as a In spurgears the profileangle is considered
general term to reference the accuracy with which only in a transverse plane. In helicalgears the
teeth are positioned around the gear. Spacing has profile
angle maybe considered in different
no numerical value and refers only to a group of planes. In specifications it is essential to use terms
numericallyvalued tooth positionmeasurements that indicate the plane which the profile angle lies,
such as pitch or index. suchastransverseornormal. Usually a single
Spacing Variation, v, .
Spacing variation is
gear is stated in terms of the standard pitch and
profile angle of the hob or cutter used to generate
the difference betweenany
two (2) adjacent its teeth. (SeeAGMA Standard 112, para 9.1.)
measurements of pitch as obtained by a
two-probedevice(seeFig 2-14), or is equal to Surface,Datum.The datumsurface is the
the difference between two (2) adjacent pitch surface used as the basis for measurements. The
variationvalues obtained from a single probe datumsurface is established by the specific
device. measuring device used.
SpanMeasurement. Span measurement is Surface, Indicated. The indicated surface is
the measurement of the distanceacrossseveral that surfacefromwhich the variationsfrom a
teeth, along a line tangent to the base cylinder. It datum surface are measured.

Fig 2-15 Span Measurement
PROFILE Test Radius. The test radius is a number

used as an arithmeticconventionestablished to
rNG7 simplify the determination of the proper test

distance, cd,between a master and a work gear
for a compositeaction test. It isused as a
measure of the effective size of a gear. The test
radius of the master, plus the test radius of the
workgear
is the Set-up center distance for
checking.Testradius is not the sameas the
operatingpitchradii of twotightmeshinggears
unless both are without variations and have
standard tooth thickness.
TestRadius Limits. The testradiuslimits

define the allowable range of test radius that takes
into account tooth thickness and total composite
variations.
Fig 2-16 Standard Profile Angle Tolerance, T (subscript). Tolerance is the
amount by which a specific dimensionis permitted
Surface, Tooth. The tooth surface forms the to vary. The tolerance is the difference between
side of a gear tooth, sometimes called the flank the maximum and minimumlimits, and is an
(see Fig 2- 10). absolute value without sign (see Fig 2-17).
ANSIIAGMA 13 2000-AS8
1-

A G N A 2000-A m Ob87575 O O O L O q 7 5 9 4 m
alignment generated by an appropriate inspection

MIN.
LIMIT TOLERANCE machine.
Tooth Alignment Variation, V*. Tooth
alignmentvariation,(formerlyleadvariation), is
the differencebetween the measured tooth
alignment andthe specified tooth alignment,
measured normal to the specified tooth alignment
and the tooth surface on the functional face width
(see Fig 2-19).
LIMIT LIMIT
Fig 2-17 Tolerance

CONTACT PATH OF
Tooth Alignment. Tooth alignment is the MEASURINGPOINT
alignment, normal to the helix, between the line
of intersection of actual and theoreticaltooth
surfaces on the pitch cylinder.
G E A ~ /
AXIS
Tooth Alignment Tolerance, '!T
(Formerly
Lead
Tolerance) The permissible
amount of tooth alignmentvariation,designated
by the specified "K" chart envelope as shown in
Fig 2-18.Tolerancevaluesin t h i s standard are Fig 2-19 Tooth Alignment Variation
normal to the tooth surface.
Tooth Alignment Trace. The tooth alignment Tooth Profile. (SeeProfile.)
trace, (formerlymeasured lead trace), is the Tooth Thickness. Tooth Thickness is the
trace recorded on an inspection chart that thickness of a geartooth at a specified diameteror
indicates
variations
from the reference tooth tooth height.
FUNCTIONAL
A FACE WIDTH 3- I
O
, '*T
v
I
FACEWIDTH
Fig 2-18 Tooth Alignment "K" Chart
-
A G M A 2000-A 9 Ob87575 O O O L O 4 8 420
Tooth Thickness, Chordal, t c . The chordal Total Composite Variation. (See Composite
tooth thickness is the length of the chord Variation, Total.)
subtending a circular tooth thickness arc (see Fig Total
Index
Variation. (See Index
2-20). Variation, Total.)
Transverse Plane. (See Plane, Transverse)
Two-Probe Device.(See 9.3.2.1)
Variation. Variation is the measured plus or
minuschangefrom the specifiedvalue(see Fig
2-2 1).
SPECIFIED
=.
-
4
DISTANCE
Fig 2-20 Chordal and CircularTooth

Thicknesses, tc
ToothThickness,Chordal, Normal. The

MEASURED
DISTANCE
- c
-VARIATION
normal chordal tooth thickness is the length of the

chord subtending a tooth thickness arc in the
normal plane.
Tooth Thickness,Circular, t . The circular
-1 tooth thickness is the length of arc betweentwo
sides of the same gear tooth, on a specified circle Fig 2-21 Variation
(see Fig 2-20).
ToothThickness,
Functional.
The tooth Variation, Allowable, A (subscript).
thicknessas determined by
meshing
with a Allowablevariation is the permissibleplus or
specifiedgear on a calibratedcompositeaction minus deviation from the specified value (see Fig
test fixture. 2-22).
.
Tooth Thickness, Normal, t , The circular
tooth thickness in the normal plane.
Tooth
Thickness
Tolerance, t T . The
DIMENSION MINUS
permissible amount of tooth thickness variation. VARIATION
Tooth
Thickness,
Transverse, tt . The PLUS
VARIATION
circular tooth thickness in a transverse plane.
ALLOWABLE
ToothThicknessVariation.The variation MEASUREMENT
.j from a specifiedvalue of normalcircular tooth (MINIMUM)
.r
thickness.
Tooth-to-Tooth Composite Tolerance. (See
Composite Tolerance, Tooth-to-Tooth.)
Tooth-to-Tooth Composite Variation. (See ALLOWABLEMEASURE.MENT
I
Composite Variation, Tooth-to-Tooth.) (MAXIMUM)
Total Accumulated PitchVariation. (See
Pitch Variation, Total Accumulated.) Fig 2-22 Allowable Variation

AGMA 2000-A W Ob87575 OOOL049 3b7 W
3. Manufacturing and Purchasing elements

such as manufacturing planning,
Considerations machine tool maintenance, cutting tool selection
and maintenance, heat treatment control, and
quality assurance programs, as needed, to achieve
This Standard provides
classification and maintain the necessarygearquality.When
tolerances and inspection
methods
for properly applied, gears manufactured by specific
unassembled
gears.
This
Section
presents controltechniques will be found to be ofvery
considerationsforcontrol of variousphases of uniformquality. Therefore, littleor no final
manufacturing,
including the recommended inspection
may be necessary for gear, a
methods of inspection control. particularly in some classification levels; assurance
These methods provide the manufacturer and of the necessary quality level havingbeen built-in
purchaser with recommendations for verifying the throughcarefulmanufacturingcontrol at each
quality of amanufactured product, as well as step.
information
relative to
the interpretation of NOTE: Documentationmay be deemed
inspection data. unnecessary for
productsmanufactured
under process control
when inspection
Somedesign and applicationconsiderations
may warrantinspection or documentationnot records are not specifiedin the purchase
normally
available
in standard manufacturing contract.
processes. Specific requirements should be stated Using process control,
relatively few
in the contractual documents. measurements may be made on any one gear. For
example, tooth size may be evaluated by a
3.1 Manufacturing Certification. Certification measurement over pins, a span measurement, or
of variations in accordance with the gear's specific another similarmeasurementwhichisusually
AGMA Quality Number and inspection charts or checked on only two or three sections of a given
data can be requestedas part of the purchase gear. It is assumed that these measurements are
contract.Specifying an AGMAQualityNumber representative of all of the teeth on the gear.
or inspectioncriteria whichis inexcess of that Gearsmadeinproductionquantities may be
required by the application may increase the cost inspected at various steps in their manufacturing
unnecessarily. Specific
methods of inspection, sequence on a statistical basis. Thus, it is possible
documentation of QualityNumber,andother that aspecificgearcanpassthrough the entire
geometric tolerances of gear
a are normally production processwithouteverhaving been
considereditems which shouldbespecifically inspected.However, the manufacturer of that
agreed
upon
between
manufacturer and gear is willing to certify that its quality is equal to
purchaser. thosegears that wereinspected,based on his
The manufacturing of gearing to aspecified confidence in his process control.
quality
may or may not include specific 3.3 InspectionMethods. Gear geometry may
inspections. When applicationswarrant,detailed be inspected by a number of alternate methods.
inspections, data analysis, and additional The selection of the particular method depends
considerations
may be necessary to establish not only on the magnitude of the tolerance and
acceptance criteria for a gear. the size of the gear,butalso on production
3.2 Process Control. Processcontrol is defined quantities, equipment available, accuracy of gear
as the method by whichagear'saccuracy is blanks, and inspection costs.
maintained through controlof each individual step The manufacturer or the purchaser may wish
of its manufacturing process. Upon completion of to measure one or more of the geometric features
all manufacturing operations, a specific gear has of agear to verifyitsqualitylevel.However,a
been given an inherent level of accuracy (quality). gearwhichis specified to an AGMAQuality
This level of accuracy was established during the Numbermustmeetall the individualtolerance
manufacturing process, and is totally independent requirementsapplicable to the particularquality
of anyfinalinspection.Processcontrolincludes number and size as noted in Tables 3-1 and 3-2.
T~~

A G N A 2000-A 9 Ob87575 0001050 O89
The manufacturer shall have the option of among the applicable methods described in this
selecting either the individual tolerances of Table Standard and summarized in Table 3-3,
3-1, or the composite tolerances of Table 3-2 for (2) The piece of inspection equipment to be
gears
which are specified by both types of used by the selected inspection method, provided
tolerances. it is properly calibrated,
(3) The individual teeth to be measured, as
Normally, the individual tolerances of pitch, long as they are approximately equallyspaced and
profile, and tooth alignment shall apply to both meet the minimum number required by the
sides of the teeth, unless only one side is specified method, as summarized in Table 3-3,
as the loaded side.
NOTE: This Standard provides tolerances
When
prior
agreement
between the forunassembledgears. The inspection of
manufacturer and purchaser specifiesinspection gearing mated in an assembly for a specific
of gears, the manufacturer may select: application is beyond the scope of this
(1) The inspection method to be used from document.
Table 3-1
Individual Element Tolerances Required by AGMA Quality Number
Pitch AGMA Tolerance Elements
(Module)
PitchQuality Radial Tooth
Number Profile
Alignment Variation Runout
3-5 8 (3) to X
0.5 (50)
6-7 (1.25) 20 to X X
0.5 (50)
8-15 20 (1.25) to X X X X
0.5(50)
Size Range - (Adjusted number of teeth):

Ni Min = 6
Ni Max = 1200 or (400 Pnd) = (10000 l m n ) , whichever is smaller
Table 3-2
Composite Tolerances Required by AGMA Quality Number
Pitch AGMA Tolerances
(Module)Quality
Number Total
5 120 (0.2) to
2.0) 12 X X
6-14 120 (0.2)to
(50) 0.5 X X
15 120 (0.2) to
20 (1.25) X X
Size Range (Adjusted number of Teeth):

Ni Min = 6
Ni Max = 1200 or (200 pnd ) = (5000 /mn),whichever is smaller
L

A G M A 2000-A m 0687575 0001051 T15 m
3.3.1 Recommended Inspection Control which actually makes contact with its mate. With
Methods.
The recommendedmethods of thistechnique, the areas that contactcan be
inspection
control
for each AGMA Quality observed by coating theteeth with amarking
Number and type of inspection are listed in Tables compound and meshing the gears.Ajudgement
3-4 through 3-9. of compatibility may be made by the position and
sizeof the contact area. It does not necessarily
NOTE: No particular method of inspection indicatecompatible tooth shape for
loaded
or documentation is considered mandatory conditions. Axial runout may alsobe indicated by
unlessspecificallyagreed upon between a shifting of the tooth contact from side to side,
manufacturer and purchaser. When progressively around the gear. This
test
can
applications
requireinspections
beyond include the effect of tooth elementvariations,
those
recommended in this Standard, such as
variation
a in tooth alignment (see
special
inspection
methodsmust be Appendix D). This Standard doesnotprovide
negotiated prior to manufacturing the gear. tolerances relating these tests to gear quality.
3.3.2 Tooth Contact Pattern Inspections. 3.3.3 Inspection by Sound Test. Qualityin
Checking tooth contact patterns with amateor mated gears may also be evaluated by running the
mastergear is amethod of inspection of either gearsinasuitablesoundtestingmachine. The
assembledgears,orgearsmounted on agear acceptability is characterized by periodic variation
testingmachine. It provides an indication of in sound during each revolution, or high levels of
compatible tooth shape, both up and down the noise.This Standard does notprovidespecific
tooth profile, and lengthwise onthe tooth. It limitsforthistest,whichisnormallybased on
evaluates that portion of the gear tooth surface experience.
Table 3-3
Minimum Number of Measurements for Typical Methods
Number Minimum Typical
Tolerance MeasuriÏne Method of Measurements
Runout Composite Action Test All Teeth
Ball Probe Check All Teeth
Index Measurement All Teeth
Pitch Variation Pitch Measurement All Teeth

Index Measurement All Teeth
Profile 3 Teeth*
Tooth Alignment
(lead) Lead Test 3 Teeth*
Total
Test Action
Composite
Composite All Teeth
Tooth-to-Tooth
Composite
Composite
Action
Test All Teeth
Tooth Thickness Tooth Caliper 2 Teeth*

Addendum Comparator 2 Teeth*
Span Measurement 1 Place
Over Pins Measurement 1 Place
Test Radius Measurement All Teeth with
Rolling Master
2 Places with
Fixed Master*
* See paragraph 3.3 item (3) for spacing

A G M A 2000-A 0687575 O O O L O 5 2 951
NOTE: This Standard provides tolerances (1) Backlash allowances in tooth thickness
for unassembled gears only. The inspection (2) Materials furnished by the purchaser
of gearingmatedin an assemblyfora (3) Matching gears as sets
specific application is beyond the scope of (4) Master gears for composite measurement
this standard. (5) Replacement gearing
(6) Modified AGMA Quality Number
4 3.4 Additional Considerations. When specifying
the quality of a given gear, there are additional or The itemslisted and other special
specialconsiderations that should be reviewed. considerationsshouldbereviewedandagreed
These considerations may include items such as: upon between manufacturer and purchaser.
Table 3-4
Radial Runout Inspection Control
Recommended Methods of Control.
Pitch
AGMA Pitch Diameter, inches (mm)
Quality
(Module)
Number 1.5 0.75 3 6 12 200+25100 50
(20) (40) (80) (150)
(305)
(635)
(1270)
(2540) (5080)
(50) 0.51 1 1 1
1 (25) 1 1 1 1 1
2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1
and 4 (6) 1
1 1 11 1 1
6 8 (3) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
16 (1.5) to
20 (1.25) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0.5 (50) 1 1 1 1
2,3 1 (25) 1 1 1 1
2 7 2,3 2,3 1 1 1 1
thru 4 (6) 2,3 2,3 2,32.3 2,3 1 1
9 2,3 8
2,3 (3) 2,3.
2,3 2,3 2,3 2.3
16 (1.5) to
20 2,3
(1.25)
2,3 2,3 2,3 2.3
2,3 2,3 2,3
(50) 0.5
2,3 2,3 1 (25)
2,3 (12) 10 2
thru 4 2,3(6) 2,3 2,3 2,3 2.32,3 2,3
15 8 (3)2,3 2,3 2.3
2,3 2,3 23 2,3
16 (1.5) to
2,3 2,3 2,3 2,3202,3 (1.25)
2,3 2,3 2,3
Recommended Methods
Number 1 -Process Control
Number 2 - Measurement over a pin placed in a series of spaces while the part is rotated on its datum
axis
Number 3 - Composite action test
NOTE: When the runoutcontrol is accomplished by acompositeactiontestwithagear of known
accuracy, and the total indicator reading is within the runout specification, the gear is acceptable. The
total indicator reading includes tooth element variations in addition to runout.

Table 3-5
Pitch Variation Inspection Control
AGMA Recommended Methods of Control*
Pitch Pitch Quality
(Module)
Number 0.75 1.5 3 6 12 25 50 100 200t
(40)
(20) (80) (150) (300)
(635) (1270) (2540) (5080)
192 192 192 1,2 1,2
[E{
I
4 1,2 1,2 192 192 1?2

6 2 (12) 1,2 192 192 12
1,2 1,2
thru 192 4 192(6) 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2
9192 1,2 8 1,2(3) 1,2 1,2 1,2 12
16 (1.5) to
1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 201,2 (1.25)
(50)
0.5 192 192 192 192
1 (25) 1,2 1.2
192 192 1,2
10 2 (12) 11,2
2 1,2 12 192 12
and 4 (6) 2 2 2 2 2 192 192
11 8 (3) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
16 (1.5) to
20 (1.25) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 (12) 2 2 2 2 2 2
12 4 (6) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
thru 8 (3) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
15 16 (1.5) to
20 (1.25) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
* RecommendedMethods:Number 1 - ProcessControl ; Number 2 - Pitch-MeasuringInstruments
Table 3-6
Profile Tolerance Inspection Control
Recommended Methods of Control+
AGMA PitchDiameter,inches(mm)
PitchQuality
(Module)
Number 0.75 1.5 3 6 12 25 50 100 200+
(20) (40) (80) (150) (300)
(635) (1270) (2540) (5080)
0.5 (50) 192 1 1 1
1 (25) 192 192 1 1 1
8 2 (12) 192 1,2 1,2 1 1 1
192 and 1.2
192
9 1,2 ;t {!1,2
16 (1.5) to
1,2
1,2 1,2
1.2 1
1
1
1
1
1
1,2 1,2 20
1,2 (1.25)
1,2 1,2 12 1 1 1
0.5 (50) 1,3 1,3 1.2 13

1 (25) 2 12 1,3 1,3 13
10 2 (12 2 21,3 1.2 L3 1.3
and
11
16
$1
(1.5) to
2 1,3 2
2 1.3 2 1,3 2
2
1,3
2
1,2
192
L3 13
20 (1.25) 2 . 2 2 2 2 192 L 3 1,3 1.3
2 (12) 1,3 2 1,3 2 2 1.3

12 4 (6) 2 2 2 2 1.3 1,3 1,3
thru 8 (3) 2 2 2 2 2 L3 1.3
15
16
(1.5) to
20 (1.0) 2 2 2 2 2 1,3
2 1,3
Recommended Methods: Number 1 - Process Control ; Number 2 - Involute-Measuring Instruments,
Number 3 - Portable or Indirect Measuring Methods

AGNA 2000-A m Ob87575 O O O L 0 5 4 724 m
Table 3-7
Tooth Alignment Inspection Control
Recommended Methods of Control*
r, Pitch AGMA
Pitch
Qualtiy 1.5 0.75 3 6 12 25 50 100 200+
Number
(Module) (20) (40) (80) (150) (300) (635) (1270) (2540) (5080)
0.5 (5 0) 1,3 1.3
13
1,3 1,3 1 (25) 1.3 1,2 1,2
8 1.3 2 (12) 1,2 1,2 1.2 13 193
thru 1,2
4 (6) 1.2 1,2 1,2 13 13 13
1.2 1,2 1,2 10 1,2 8 (3) 13
16 (1.5) to
1,3 1,3 1,2 1.2 1,220 1,2(1.25)1,2 1,2
0.5 (50) 2 2 2 2
1 (25) 2 2 2 2 2
11 2 (12) 2 2 2 2 2 2
thru 4 (6) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
15 8 (3) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
16 (1.5) to
20 (1.25) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
* Recommended Methods
-
Number 1 Process Control
Number 2 - Lead-Checking Instrument
Number 3 - Portable Measuring Instrument or Contact Pattern Checks
Table 3-8
Composite Action Inspection Control
Recommended Methods of Control*
AGMA PitchDiameter,inches(mm)
PitchQuality <1 1 2.5 4 10 25 50 100 200+
Number
(Module) (25) (25) (65) (100) (250) (635) (1270) (2540) (5080)
5 120 (0.2) to
thru 1,2
20 1,2
(1.25)
1.2 1,2 1,2
7
8 120 (0.2) to
thru 1,2
20 1,2
(1.25)
1.2 1,2 1,2
10 20 (1.25) to
2 1,2
(12.0)
1,2 1,2l Y1.2
2 1,2 1-2
120 (0.2) to
11 20 (1.25) 2 2 2 2 2
thru 10 (2.5) to
1Y2 1,2 12 1,2 4 (6.0)
1.2 1,2 1,2
20 (1.25) to
12 (2.0) 2 2 2 192 2 192 12
13 120 (0.2) to
thru 20 (1.25) 2 2 2 2 2
15
RecommendedMethods:Number 1 - ProcessControl;Number 2 - CompositeActionTest
."

Table 3-9
Tooth Thickness Inspection Control
Tooth-Thickness Recommended Methods of Control
Method
inches
Tolerance,
ng Number (mm)
> 0.004 (0.098) 1 Control
Process
2 Tooth Caliper
3 Comparator
Addendum
4 Measurement
Span
5 Measurement
Over
Pin
(or
Over
Rack
Shaped
Blocks)
-
5 0.004 (0.098) 6 Measurement of Center
Distance at Mesh
Tight
7 Measurement of Backlash
Operating
at Center
* A measuring method giving a higher degree of accuracy may be used to measure thickness tolerancesof
any lower degree of accuracy.
3.4.1 Backlash. An individual gear does not tooth thickness of eitherorbothgears of a
have backlash. Backlash is only present when one meshing
pair, the center distance on which
gear mates with another. The theoretical backlash unassernbled gears are to be operated mustbe
of a gear set is based on the tooth thickness of designed to provide adequate operating backlash.
each memberinmesh,as well as the center The tolerance on center distance should be
distance at which the gears are assembled. The toward increasing backlash.
actual backlash will be a function of the tolerances 3.4.2 Material Furnished by the Purchaser.
on tooth thickness,runout, lead, profile, and Gear blank dimensions supplied by the purchaser
center distance. should be mutually agreedupon, which will permit
Some backlash must be present in all power the gear manufacturer to hold the tolerances for
transmitting gear meshes. It is required to assure the specified Quality Number.
that the nondriving sides of the teeth do not make Certain defects in the rough material or
contact.Backlashinagivenmeshvariesduring turned blanks may be found onlyaftersome
operation as a result of changes in tooth element machining operations have been performed. For
variations, speed, temperature, load, etc. example, inclusions, blow holes, or other defects
Adequate backlash shouldbe present during static may appear in the material when cuttingthe teeth.
conditions,whenitcan be measured, to assure If defects are serious enough to cause rejections,
sufficient backlash under load at the most adverse the gear manufacturer mustbe reimbursed for the
operatingcondition. The amount of backlash work performedprior tothe discovery of the
required depends upon the size of the gears and defect, unless previously agreed otherwise.
the application.Unlessotherwisespecified, the
ai maximum tooth thickness ofgear a should
be
less
When heat treating operations are required,
the gear
manufacturershall
assume the
an the theoreticalvalueby the amount of responsibility for the final quality only when the
backlash allowance, including the influence of the materialfurnished is in accordance with the
elemental
tolerances. The minimum tooth agreed upon material specifications.
thickness must be less than the maximum tooth
thickness by the tooth thickness tolerances. 3.4.3 MatchingGears as Sets. Insome
applications,it is necessary to providematched
The methods of determining the backlash sets. In such a case, the purchaser must agree on
requiredforindividualapplications are beyond the details of the additional specifications covering
the scope of this Standard (SeeAGMA 231). how the matchingis to be verified. Applications
Unless an allowance for backlash is made in the requiringhighaccuracygearingmaynecessitate

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 OOOLO5b 5T7
the matching, or modifying, of pinion and gear 3.4.7 Additional Criteria. Considerations
profiles and helix angles suchthat the matched set for certain gearing applications may require a high
issatisfactoryfor the application.Matchedsets degree of accuracy in the angular position of the
can be provided, but usually at extra cost. teeth. For suchapplications,aspecification of
the allowableamount of indexvariationshould
NOTE: This Standard provides tolerances be established in addition to the Quality Number
for unassembled gears only. The inspection shown herein.
of gearing mated in an assemblyfora
3.5 Interpretation of Data.The interpretation
specific application is beyond the scope of
of datashould be carefully
conducted
in
this Standard. However,forhighaccuracy
accordance with the inspection methods indicated
gearing, the matching process can be fully inSection 9, and with the instruction of the
satisfactoryevenwhenindividualelement measuring
equipment
manufacturer.
Unless
tolerances are exceeded. The matching otherwise
contractually
agreed upon, the
process for such gears sold as pairs assumes interpretation of data shall be the prerogative of
greater
importance than
the individual the gear manufacturer.
absolute measurements.
3.6 Acceptance Criteria. The tolerances,
3.4.4 Master Gears for Composite Action methods, and definitions contained
this
in
Tests. Whenacompositecheck is specified,a Standard prevailunlesscontractualagreements
master gear becomes necessary. A master gear is a between the manufacturer and purchaser contain
gear of knownquality,designedspecifically to specific exceptions.
mesh with the gear to be inspected for composite 3.6.1 Evaluation of Gear Quality. The
variation. The design,accuracy, and cost of a
quality of agear is determined by the lowest
*LA
mastergearmust be negotiatedbetween the AGMAQualityNumberobtained by evaluating
manufacturer and purchaser.Usually,aspecific the gear using the criteria of this Standard.
master is required for each different production
gear design. Providing or manufacturing a special 3.6.1.1 ElementMethod. If the gearis
mastergearmust be scheduled to beavailable to be accepted by individual element inspections,
when the manufactured gear is to be inspected by itis acceptable if the following variations do not
composite measurements. exceed the tolerancesfor the specified AGMA
Quality Number:
3.4.5 Replacement
Gearing. For
(1) Radial Runout Variation
replacementgearing, the performanceobtained
(2) Pitch Variation
from the previous gearing should be evaluated. If
(3) Profile Variation
satisfactory,
replace with
similar
material and (4) Tooth Alignment (Formerly lead)
quality. If improved performance is desired, Variation
modifications of material, heat treatment, and
qualitylevelshould be considered.Consult with 3.6.1.2 Composite Method. If the gear is
the manufacturerappropriate
for recom- to be accepted by means of acompositeaction
mendations. test (double flank), it is acceptable if the following
variations do notexceed the tolerancesfor the
3.4.6 Modified AGMA Quality Number. specified AGMA Quality Number:
Conditions may require that one or more of the
(1) Tooth-to-Tooth Composite Variation
individual elements or composite tolerances be of
(2) Total Composite Variation
a lower or higher Quality Number than the other
tolerances. In such cases, it is possible to modify NOTE: Within the body of this Standard,
the Quality Number to include a Quality Number allreferences to compositevariation are
for each gear element or composite tolerance (see understood to apply to a doubleflank
Appendix A). composite action test.
o
.,

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 0001057 1.133
Gear Classification and Inspection Handbook for UnasSembled Spur and Helical Gears
4. Application of the AGMA AGMAClassificationNumberforagivenset of

Classification System conditions is presented in Fig 4-1 and Appendix
A.
4.1.1 Quality Number (Required). Thirteen
4.1 Basis of Classification System. The AGMA
ClassificationSystemis an alphanumeric code QualityClasses of accuracy are provided in this
whichmayconsist of from one to three items; Standard, numbered Q3 through Q15 in order of
increasing precision.
Quality
Number, Tooth Thickness Tolerance
Code, and aMaterial and HardnessCode. The 4.1.2 Tooth ThicknessTolerance Codes
AGMAClassificationNumbershallconsist of a (Optional). Tooth ThicknessTolerancesCodes
prefixletter Q identifying the tolerancesource, are provided in this Standard. These codes, A, B,
and aQualityNumberidentifying the specific C, and D, specify permissible variations in order
tolerances.Anexample of how to establish an of decreasing tolerance.
Tooth Material
Quality Thickness
+
Designation and
- n
+
Number Code
A
HA 14
TYPICAL AGMA CLASS NUMBER Q 8
b b
Tolerance Source Identifier o I
Indicates the tolerances in AGMA 2000-A88
If not shown, tolerances in AGMA 390.01 and
390.02apply.(SeeSections 1 and 3.)
Quality Number 0
This integer (ranging from 3 through 15) identifies
the accuracy level of the tooth element tolerances.
(See Sections 4 and 5 . )
Tooth Thickness Code o

This code letter (A through D) indicates the tooth
thicknesstolerance.(SeeSection4 and paragraph6.2.4.)
Hyphen o
Required to separate tooth thickness and
materials designation letters.
Material Designation o
Two letter group indicating type of material.
(See Section 7.)
Treatment and Hardness Designator 0
Indicates the type of heat treatment, and the hardness

range.(SeeSection 7.)
Fig 4-1 Illustration of AGMA Classification Number
d ..
T%
A G M A 2000-A = Ob87575 0001058 37T 9
4.1.3 Material Designation andHardness (1) Tooth-to-Tooth Composite Tolerance

Code (Optional). The material designators (double flank), vq~
consist of pairs of letters that symbolize the
generic material. The hardness is designated by a (2) Total Composite Tolerance
pair of numerals indicating the hardness range for (double flank), C q T
that material.
4.2 The AGMA Quality Number. The AGMA The quality of a specific gear is designated by
Quality Number defines the accuracy of a gear in the lowest Quality Number obtainedin relating the
either of two methods: measuredvariations tothe tooth-to-tooth and
totalcompositetolerances. In the casewhere
(1) The element (analytical) inspections individualQualityNumbershavebeenspecified
(2) The composite action test, double flank for each of the characteristics, the qualityis
4.2.1 Methods of Evaluation. The designated stating
by the valuesfor
both
evaluation of the AGMA Quality can be made by characteristics.
either of the above methods, but not both. When
composite action tolerance is specified it shall be 4.3 Additional Characteristics. certain In
in lieu of any element inspection. applications there may be additional
characteristics that may require tolerancesin
4.2.1.1 Element Inspection. When order to assuresatisfactoryperformance.For
element inspection is used, the AGMA Quality of example, if dimensions for tooth thickness,
agearisdetermined by evaluating the following tolerances or totalindexvariation, or surface
individual tooth elements: finish tolerances are desirable in order to assure
(1) RadialRunout Tolerance, %T satisfactoryperformanceinspecialapplications,
such dimensions and tolerances should appear on
(2) Allowable Pitch Variation, drawingsorpurchasespecifications.Methods of
-+ VP A measuring some of thesecharacteristics are
(formerly pitch tolerance)
discussed in Section 9, and in the Appendices.
(3) Profile Tolerance, V
+T
4.4 Accuracy Tolerances.The tolerancesfor
(4) Tooth Alignment Tolerance, each item that govern the quality of gears are
v* T
(formerly lead tolerance) calculated by the equations givenin Section 5 ,
The quality of a specific gear is designated by and presented in tabular form in Section 6.
the lowest quality number obtained in relating the Values outside the limitsof either the tables
measured
variations the
to four
element or the equations are beyond the scope of this
tolerances. In the casewhereindividualQuality Standard, and should not beextrapolated. The
Numbersfor each of the elementshave been specific tolerances of such gears must be agreed
specified, the quality is designated by stating the upon by the buyer and the seller. Within the body
valuesfor the elementsspecified. of the tables, values not shown may be obtained
4.2.1.2 Composite Action Test. If a gear by interpolation.However, the valuesobtained
is to be evaluated by the composite action test, the through interpolation may not be as accurate as
following tolerances are used to determine the those obtained using the equations, and should be
Quality Number of the gear: used only as approximations.
ANSI/AGMA 25 2000-AS8

AGNA 2UuU-A O b 8 7 5 7 5 OOOLObO T28
5. Formulas for Gear Accuracy formulas, with the exception of tooth thickness,
Tolerances are to be rounded in ten-thousandths of an inch,
as follows:
5.1 Derivation. The following gear accuracy 0.0 C V <t 0.4: Round up to 0.4
tolerance formulas are reconstructed from the 0.4 V <t 10: If the secondnumber to the right
AGMA 390.03 formulas and, except where
noted, derive the tolerances in ten-thousandths of of the decimal point is 2 3,
an inch. The levels of the tolerances correspond round up the tolerance to
directly to thoseoriginally shown in AGMA nearest O. 1. If the second
390.03 Geur Hundbook. Tables and equations number to the right of the
are provided to determine tolerances. The decimal point is c 3, round down
equations allow the determination of tolerances to nearest O. 1.
for sizes which are within the formula limits.
10 c V 5 100: If the number just to the right
NOTE: Tolerance valueswhich are not of decimal point is 2 3, round
covered by the gearsizeformula limits
provided in this document must be up the tolerance to nearest 1.
established by negotiations. If the number just to the right
of the decimalpointis 3,
5.2 Symbols Used in ToleranceFormulas. round down to the nearest 1.
The following symbols are used in the tolerance
formulas: 100 c v: If the number just tothe left
F = face width, inches of the ‘decimal point is 2 3,
= number corresponding to the code round up the tolerance to
letter for the tooth thickness nearest 10. If the number just to
tolerance grade. the left of the decimal point is
N = number of teeth c 3, round down to the nearest
10.
Ni = adjusted number of teeth,
(see Eq 2.1) where
= normaldiametralpitch V = the calculatedvalue from the
‘nd equations 5-1 to 5-15 in
Q = quality
number ten-thousandths of an inch.
tT
= tooth thickness tolerance
5.4 Runout, Ra’dial, Tolerance, VrT.
= pitchvariation, t o t a l accumulated
vaP
c
‘g T = composite tolerance, total (double Vfl = 58.0 ( A j ) 0.238 p . 7 2 2 (1.4)(8-9)
flank) (Eq 5.1)
= pitchvariation,allowable
YPA Formula Limits:
= composite tolerance,
tooth-to-tooth 12 Ni ‘nd
Vfl = runwt, radial, tolerance min. 3 6 . 0.5 forall Q values
= tooth alignment tolerance
= profíle tolerance
max. 15 1200 or 8 for Q = 3 thru 5 and
20 for 0 = 6 thru 15
=
~~~~~
Y variable
whichever
JI = helix angle
5.3 Roundinn of Tolerance Values. The gear See Table 6-1 with values for Ni from 6 to
quality tolerance values calculated
from the 200 teeth.
-
A G H A 2000-A D Ob87575 OOOLObL 9 6 4 D
Gear classification and Inspection Handbook for Unassembled Spur and Helical Gears
5.5 Pitch Variation, Allowable, 5.8 Composite Tolerance, Tooth-to-Tooth

(Double Flank), V
9T
For adjusted number of teeth, Ni$ 20:
Formula Limits:
Q Ni 'nd
6 min. 0.5
For adjusted number of teeth, 20 < N

1
<= 32:
SeeTable 6-1withvaluesfor Ni from6 to

200 teeth.
5.6 ProfileTolerance, V
+T
.
Formula Limits:
P Ni 'nd
Formula Limits:
min. 5 6 for12 Q=5
Q Ni 'nd
0.5 forQ = 6 thru 14
6min. 8 0.5
20forQ = 15
120 for all Q values

is smaller
L J
See Table 6-1 with values for Ni from 6 to

200 teeth.
See Table 6-2withvalues ofNi from 6 to 200
5.7 ToothAlignmentTolerance, (Formerly teeth.
Total Lead Tolerance), T.
5.9 Composite Tolerance, Total (Double
For face widths, F 5 1.0 inch
Flank), l&qT.
v* T = [-0.00244 Q I + 0.13638 Q'
- 2.69177
Q + 18.9561 (Eq 5.4) -
For adjusted number of teeth, Ni 5 20.2, and
=>
For face widths, 10 F > 1.0 inch
normal diametral pitch, G d 2 20,
v* T = [-0.00244Q + 0.136 38Q '

-2.69177 Q + 18.9561 ( F ) 0.72
0% 5.5)
Formula Limits:
Q Ni 'nd F
min.
6 8 0.5 no min.
20 10 inches
See Table 6-1 For Eq 5.9, 5.11 and 5 . 12

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 OOOLOb2 8 T O m
&ar Classification and Inspection Handbook for Unassembled Spur and Helical Gears
5.10 Tooth Thickness Tolerance, cT , inches.

For pitches, 0.5s n' d c6
For adjusted number of teeth, N i 20.2, and
t T = 0.03769 ( 2 ) 1 4 n( ~ ~ a - 1 . 0 (Eq 5-13)
normal diametral pitch, P c 20,
nd
For pitches,6 5 P& c 48
0.02634
(Pnd)-o'8 (Eq 5.14)
For pitches, 48 2 pnd 2 120

For adjusted number of teeth, N i> 20.2, and t T = 0.01215 ( ~ ~ ~ - 0 . 6
all pitches: (Eq 5.15)
0.24 Pnd (-0.15) . Code A, % =1

T = 14.5 [(F)
nd Limits: Pnd
1 min. = 2 for allQvalues
max. = 5 for Q = 3 and 4
= 8 forQ=5
Formula Limits: = 32forQ = 6
,120 for Q = 7 and up
Q Ni n'd
Code B, Ln = 2
min. 5 6 12 for Q = 5
0.5 for Q = 6 thru 14 Limits: Pnd ,
20for Q = 15 min. = 2 for all Q values
max. = 8 for Q = 5
max. 15 1200 or 120
for
all
Qvalues 32forQ =6
120 for Q = 7 and up
whichever
is smaller
L
Code C, L, = 3
Formula Limits: Limits: Pnd ,
P Ni min. = 2 for all Q values

n' d
min. 5 6 12 forQ = 5 max. = 32 for Q = 6
0.5 for Q = 6 thru 14 max. = 120 for Q = 7 and up
20 forQ = 15
- Code D, L, = 4
max. 15
1
1200 or
(200 n'd )*
120 for all Q values
Pnd 9
lis 1
whichever
smaller
min. = 8 for all Q values
max. = 120 for Q = 7 and up
See Table 6-2withvaluesof Ni from 6 to 200
teeth. See Table 6-3.
ANWAGMA 29 2000-A88

AGHA 2000-A 0687575 OOOLOb4 h73
SM. Metric Formulas for Gear z = number of teeth

Accuracy Tolerances ‘i = adjusted number of teeth,
(see Eq 2.1M)
5.1M Metric Derivation. ß = helix
angle
The followinggear
accuracy tolerance 5.3M Rounding of Metric Tolerance Values.
formulas are reconstructed from the A G M A The gear quality tolerance values calculated from
390.03 formulas and, exceptwhere noted,are the formulas with the exception of tooth thickness
metricated to derive the tolerances in micrometers are to be rounded in micrometers as follows:
(lp = 0.001 mm). The levels of the metric
tolerances correspond directly to those originally 0.0 V 5 1.0: Round up to nearest O. 1
shown in A G M A 390.03 Gear Handbook. In this 1.0 < V 2 10: If the second number to the
Standard, see Section 5 for non-metric formulas.
right of the decimal point is
NOTE: Tolerance valueswhich are not 2 3, round up the tolerance to
covered by the gearsizeformula limits nearest O. 1. If the second
provided in this document must be number to the right of the
established by negotiations. decimalpoint is 3, round down
5.2M Symbols Used in Metric Tolerance to nearest O. 1
Formulas. 10 V <= 100: If the numberjust tothe right
The followingsymbols are usedin the metric of decimrrl point is 2 3, round
tolerance formulas: up the tolerance to nearest 1.
b = face width If the number just to the right
41 = number corresponding to the code of the decimal point is < 3,
letter for the tooth thickness round down to the nearest 1.
tolerance grade 100 < v : If the numberjust tothe left
= module, normal of the decimal point is 2’3,
“‘n
Q = quality
number round up the tolerance to
‘T = tooth thickness tolerance nearest 10. If the number just to
the left of the decimal point is
= pitchvariation, total accumulated
vaP <3, round down to the nearest
= composite tolerance tooth-to 10.
-tooth (double flank) where
= total composite tolerance (double V = the calculated value from the equations
V&T
flank) 5.1M to 5.15M in micrometers (W).
= pitchvariation,allowable 5.4M Metric Runout, Radial, Tolerance, %T.
VPA
Vff = runout, radial, tolerance
= tooth alignment tolerance 0.722(1.4)(8-Q)
0.238
v*T ,V = 14.255 ( ~ i ) (mn )
= profile tolerance (Eq 5.1M)
ANWAGMA 31 2000-A88

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 000LOb5 50T m
Formula Limits: 5.7M Metric Tooth Alignment Tolerance,

(Formerly Total Lead Tolerance), v
Q zi "n
W'
For face widths, b$ 25 mm
min. 3 6 3 forQ=3thru5 2 3
V~&T = [-Om0062 Q + 0.346 41Q -6.8371 Q
1.25for Q = 6 thru 15
+ 48.1481
(Eq 5.4M)
50 forallQvalues For face widths, 2502 b > 25 mm
3 2
'q~s10.268 [-0.0062 Q + 0.34641 Q 6.8371 Q-
+ 48.1481 b 0.72 (Eq 5.5M)
Formula Limits:
See Table 6-1M. P z i "n b
5.5M Metric Pitch Variation Allowable, $A. 8 min. 1.25 6 no min.
0.177 0.401(1.4)(8-Q)
max. 15 -1200
or 1 50 250 mm
2 VpA = 7.289 ( l i )
Formula Limits:
(m,)
(Eq 5.2M) (!YI1
whichever
is smaller J
Q zi mn See Table 6-1M.
min. 1.25
8 6 5.8M Metric Composite Tolerance,
max. 15 Tooth-to-Tooth (Double Flank) , V
qT '
For adjusted number of teeth, z i 5 20:
See Table 6-1M with values for z i from 6 to

200 teeth. For adjusted number of teeth, 20 c z i s 32:
5 . 6 M Metric ProfileTolerance, V+T
(Eq 5.7M)
For adjusted number of teeth, 32 c zi :
(Eq 5.3M) VqT P 29.22 (m,,0s24 (1.4)

Formula Limits:
Q zi "n Formula Limits:
6 min. 8 1.25 Q zi "n
50
min.
values
Q5allfor
0.2 6
~~~
max. 15 2for Q=5

50 for Q = 6 thru 14
1.25for Q = 15
See Table 6-1M with values for zi from 6 to See Table 6-2M with values of z i from 6 to
200 teeth. 200 teeth.

A G N A 2000-A = Ob87575
OOOlObb
446 9
5.9M Metric Composite Tolerance, Total S.1OM Metric Tooth Thickness Tolerance, t
(Double Flank), vCqT. values are in millimeters (mm).
For adjusted number of teeth, z.

1
5 20.2, and For modules, SO,>% >4.
normal module, m, d 1.27:
t T= 0.0377 (2)1-Ln(m,) (Eq 5.13M)
- ,> O. 5
For modules 4 ,> m
‘F 0.0503 (2) 1-Ln(mn)o*8

(Eq 5.14M)
For modules 0.5 2 m ,> 0.2

t T= 0.0443 (2)1-Ln ( m n ) (Eq 5.15M)
For Eq 5.9M,5.11M and 5.12M Code A, L, = 1

Y = 6.5562 - (5.0377 log,,mn) (Eq 5;lOM) Limits: m n *
max = 50 for all Q values
For adjusted number of teeth, z i 5 20.2, and min. = 5 for Q = 3 and 4

=3forQ=S
normal modules, m , > 1.27:
= 0.8 for Q = 6
= 0.2 for Q = 7 and up
Code B, Ln = 2
r I
Limits: % ,
X b1.4) (8-Q)l (Eq 5.11M)
max = 12 for all Q values
For adjusted number of teeth, z i > 20.2. and all min. = 3 f o r Q = 5

modules; = 0.8 for Q = 6
r II
1
&T= 26.83 0.03973 (zi m,)
0.1477mn
CodeC, L , =
= 0.2 for Q = 7 and up
3
Limits: m,,
(Eq 5.12M) max. = 12 for all Q values
Formula Limits: min. = 0.8 for Q = 6
P Ni mn = 0.2 for Q = 7 and up
min. 5 6 Values
0.2
Q allfor
CodeD, Ln = 4
2 for Q = 5 Limits: m,,
50 for Q = 6 thru 14
1.25 for Q = 15
max. = 3 for all Q values
smaUerJ min. 0.2 for Q = 7 and up
See Table 6-2M with vahes of z i from 6 to See Table 6-3M.
200 teeth.
r)
A G M A 2000-A m Ob8757500010bB 219
6. Accuracy Tolerance Tables for Gears 6.2.2 Allowable PitchVariation, V The

PA *
allowablevaluesof pitchvariationinTable 6-1
This Sectionprovides a series of element are plus or minus allowances.
accuracy tolerance tables of the various Quality 6.2.3 Tooth Alignment Tolerance, V
Numbers for spur and helical gears. W
Tooth Alignment Tolerance (formerly Total Lead
6.1 Use of Tables. The accuracy tolerance Tolerance) is limited to ten (10) inches of face
tables derived from the equations provide direct width. The values arethe total tolerance band
reading of the tolerance forselecteddiametral width, in the normal plane, of the tooth alignment
pitches, and a range of stepped increments of trace.
adjusted number of teeth, Ni (see Eq 2. l), for a 6.2.4 Tooth Thickness Tolerance, t T . The
givengear. The valuesin the Tableshave been tooth thickness tolerance asspecified by the
rounded in accordance with Section 5.3. If any AGMAClassNumber is applied to the normal
intermediate pitch, or an intermediate adjusted circular tooth thickness. If tooth thickness is
number of teeth in the gear is involved, the specified by a single value, it is understood to be
tolerance may be computedfrom the tolerance the maximum value and the tolerance is
formulas given in Section 5 . subtracted from it to obtain the minimum tooth
6.2 AccuracyTolerances. thickness. The AGMA tooth thickness tolerance
codes (A, B,C or D as listed in Table 6-3) should
6.2.1 Accuracy ToleranceTables.
The beappliedseparately
from the selection of
following tables are givenfor the selection of AGMA QualityNumber tolerances. In many
accuracy tolerances on spur and helicalgear applications, allowing a largerrange of tooth
teeth: thickness tolerance or operating backlash will not
affect the performance or load capacity of highly
Table 6-1 - Radial Runout Tolerance, VrT accurate gears, and mayallow moreeconomical
Allowable Pitch Variation, V manufacturing. A tight tooth thickness tolerance
PA shouldnot be usedunlessabsolutelynecessary,
Profile Tolerance,
since it has a strong influence on manufacturing
Tooth Alignment Tolerance, V cost (see AGMA 231).
JIT
Table 6-2 - Tooth-To-ToothComposite 6.2.5 Values in the Tolerance Tables. The
tolerance values specified in Tables 6-1 and 6-2
Tolerance, V
9T are in ten-thousandths of an inch. The tolerance
TotalCompositeTolerance. VcqT valuesinTable 6-3 are ininches. The tables
provide tolerances for gear sizes ranging from 6
Table 6-3 - Tooth Thickness Tolerance, tT through 200 teeth.
ANSIIAGMA 35

Table 6-1
Element Tolerances
Runout Tolerance, V r ~
In Ten-Thousandths of an Inch (0.0001 in)
Number of Teeth (W; for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nlcos $)
Q Pitch Tolerance
No. Pnd Type 8 6 10 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 80 100 200
Q 3 0.5 RUNOUT 790 850890 930 1000 1050 1100 1140 1180 1210 1240 1270 1290 1320 1340 1370 1460 1540 1820
1.0 RUNOUT 480
510 S40 570 610 640 670 690 710 730
750 770 790 800 820 830 890 940 1100
1.5 RUNOUT 360 380 400 420 450 480 500 520 530 550 560 570 590 600 610 620 660 700 820
2.0 RUNOUT 290 310
330 340 370 390 400 420 430 450 460 470 480 490 490 500 540 570 670
3.0 RUNOUT 220 230 250 260 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 360 370 380 400 420 500
4.0 RUNOUT 180 190 200 210 220 240 250 260 260 270 280 280 290 300 300 310 330 350 410
6.0 RUNOUT 130 140 150 160 170 180 180 190 200 200 210 210 220 220 230
230 240 260 300
8.0 RUNOUT 110 120 120 130 140 140 150 160 160 170 170 170 180 180 180 190 200 210 250
Number of Teeth ( N ) ; for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni X Nlcos 9)
Q Pitch Tolerance
No. Pnd Type 8 6 10 12 16 20 2824 32 36 40 44 5248 56 60 80 100 200
Q40.5 RUNOUT 560 600 640 670

710
750
790 810 840 860 890 910 930 940 960 980 1040 1100 1300
1.0 RUNOUT 340 370 390 400 430 460 480 490 510 520 540 S50 560 570 580 590 630 670 790
1.5 RUNOUT 260 270 290 300 320 340 360 370
380
390 400 410 420 430 440 440 470 500 590
2.0 RUNOUT 210
220 240 250 260 280 290 300 310 320 330 330
340 350 350 360 390 410 480
3.0 RUNOUT 160 170 180 180 200 210
220 220 230 240 240 250 260 260 260 270 290 300
360
4.0 RUNOUT 130 140 140 150 160 170 180 180 190 190 200 200 210 210
220 220 230 250 290
6.0 RUNOUT 94 100 110 110 120 130 130 140 140 150 150 150 160 160 160 160 180 180 220
8.0 RUNOUT 76 82 86 90 96 100 110 110 120 120 120 120 130 130 130 130 140 150 180
Q PitchTolerance
Number of Teeth ( N ) ; for Helical Gears. Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nlcos $)
No. ‘nd Typ+ 8 6 10 12 16 20 24
363228 40 44 5248 56 60 80 100 200
Q5 0.5 RUNOUT 400

430 460 480 510
540 560 580 600 620 630 650 660 670 690 700 750 790 930
1.0 RUNOUT 250 260 280 290 310 330 340 350 370 380 380 390 400
410
420 420 450 480 560
1.5 RUNOUT 180 200 210
220
230 240 260 260 270 280 290 290 300 310 310 320 340 360 420
2.0 RUNOUT 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 220 230 230 240 240 250 250 260 280 290 340
3.0 RUNOUT 110 120 130 130 140 150 160 160 170 170 180 180 180 190 190 190 210 220 260
4.0 RUNOUT 90 96 100 110 120 120 130 130 140 140 140 1SO 150 150 150 160 170 180 210
6.0 RUNOUT 67 72 76 79 85 89 93 97 100 100 110 110 110 110 120 120 130 130 160
8.0 RUNOUT SS 58 62 64 69 73 76 79 81 83 8786 89 91 93 94 100 110 130
T > .. n. -
A G M A 2000-A M Ob87575 O O O L O 7 0 9 7 7 M
Gear Classification and Inspection Handbook for Unassembied Spur and Helical Gears
Table 6-1
Element Tolerances
Runout Tolerance, V T ;Allowable Pitch Variation, +%A
Number of Teeth ( W ; for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nlcos q)
Q Pitch Tolerance
No. Pnd Type 6 8 10 12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
80
100
200
Q6 0.5 RUNOUT 290 310 330 340 360 380 400 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 530 560 660
PITCH+/- 39. 41. 42. 44. 46. 48. 49. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 56. 57. 58. 61.63. 72.
1.0 RUNOUT 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 280 290 290 300 300 320 340 400
PITCH+/- 29. 31. 32. 33. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 42. 43. 43. 44. 46.48. 54.
1.5 RUNOUT 130 140 150 160 170 180 180 190 200 200 210 210 220 220 220 230 240 260 300
PITCH+/- 25. 26. 27. 28. 30. 31. 32. 33. 33. 34. 35. 35. 36. 36. 37, 37. 39.41. 46.
2.0 RUNOUT 110 120 120 130 140 140 150 150 160 160 170 170 180 180 180 180 200 210 250
PITCH+/- 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27, 28. 29. 30. 30. 31. 32. 32. 32. 33. 33. 35.36. 41.
3.0 RUNOUT 79. 85. 89. 93. 100 110 110 120 120 120 130 130 130 130 140 140 150 160 180
PITCH+/- 19. 20. 21. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25, 25. 26. 26. 27. 27. 28. 28. 28. 30. 31. 35.
4.0 RUNOUT 64.69.72.76.81.85. 89. 93.96.98.100100110110110110120130 150
PITCH+/- 17.18.18,19.20.21.22.22.23.23.24.24.24.25.25.25.27.28.31.
6.0 RUNOUT 48.51.54, 57. 61.64.67.69.71.73.75.77.79.80.81.83.89.93. 110
PITCH+/- 14.15.16.16.17.18.18.19.19.20.20.20.21.21.21.22.23.24.27.
8.0 RUNOUT 39.42.44.46.49.52.54.56.58.60,61.63.64.65.66.67.72.76.90.
PITCH+/- 13.13.14.14. 15. 16.16.17.17.18.18.18.18.19.19.19.20.21.24.
10. RUNOUT 33.36.37.39.42.44.46.48.49. 51. 52,53.54. 55. 56.57.61,65.76.
PITCH+/- 12.12.13.13.14.14. 15.15. 16.16.16.17.17.17.'17. 18. 18.19.22.
12. RUNOUT 29.31. 33. 34. 37.39.40.42.43. 45. 46.47.48.49.49. 50. 54.57.67.
PITCH+/- 11. 11. 12.12.13.13.14.14.15. 15. IS. 15.16,16.16.16.17.18.20.
16. RUNOUT 24.25.27.28.30.32.33.34.35.36.37.38.39.40.40.41.44.46.54.
PITCH+/- 9.6 IO. 11. Il. 12.12.12.13.13.13.14.14.14.14.14.15.15.16.18.
20. RUNOUT 20.22.23.24.25.27.28.29. M. 31.32.32.33.34.34.35.37.39.46.
PITCH+/- 8.89.29.69.9 11. 11. 11. 12.12.12.12.13.13.13.13.13.14. 15. 16.
ANWAGMA 37 2000-A88
X.

AGflA 2000-A Ob87575 0001071 803
Table 6-1
Element Tolerances
Runout Tolerance, V,T; Allowable Pitch Variation, tlj,~
Number of Teeth ( N ) ; for Helicd O u r s , Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nlcos 9)
C2 Pitch Tolerance
No. Pnd Type 6 8 1210 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 80 100 200
4 7 0.5 RUNOUT 210 220 230 240 260 280 290 300 310 320 320 330 340 350 350 360 380 400 470
PITCH+/- 27. 29. 30. 31. 32. 34. 35. 36. 37. 37. 38. 39. 39. 40. 40. 41. 43. 45. 50.
1.0 RUNOUT 130 140 140 150 160 170 180 180 190 190 200 200 210 210 210 220 230 240 290
.PITCH+/- 21. 22. 23. 23. 25. 26. 26. 27. 28. 28. 29. 29. 30. 30. 31. 31. 33. 34. 38.
1.5 RUNOUT 93. 100 110 110 120 130 130 140 140 140 150 150 150 160 160 160 170 180 220
PITCH+/- 18. 19. 19. 20. 21. 22. 22. 23. 24. 24. 25. 25. 25. 26. 26. 26. 28. 29. 33.
2.0 RUNOUT 76. 81. 85. 89. 95. 100 110 110 110 120 120 120 130 130 130 130 140 150 180
PITCH+/- 16. 17. 17. 18. 19. 19. 20. 21. 21. 21. 22. 22. 23, 23. 23. 24. 25. 26. 29.
3.0 RUNOUT 56. 60. 64. 67. 71. 75. 78. 81. 84. 86. 89. 91. 93. 94. 96. 98. 110 110 130
PITCH+/- 13. 14. 15. 15. 16. 17. 17. 18. 18. 18. 19. 19. 19. 20. 20. 20. 21. 22. 25.
4.0 RUNOUT 46. 49. 52. 54. 58. 61. 64. 66. 68. 70. 72. 74. 75. 77.
78. 79. 85. go. 110
PITCH+/- 12. 13. 13. 14. 15. 15. 16. 16. 16. 17. 17. 17. 17. 18. 18. 19. 20. 22.
6.0 RUNOUT 34. 37. 39. 40.

43. 46. 48. 49. 51. 52. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 63. 67. 79.
PITCH+/- 10. 11. 11. 11. 12. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. 14. 15. 15. 15. 15. 16. 17. 19.
8.0 RUNOUT 28. 30. 31. 33. 35. 37. 39. 40.
41. 43. 44.
45.
46. 47. 47. 48. 52. 54. 64.
PITCH+/- 8.9
9.4 9.8 10. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 12. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 15. 17.
10. RUNOUT 24. 25. 27. 28. 30. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 39.
38. 40. 40. 41.
44.
46. 55.
PITCH+/- 8.2 8.6 8.9 9.2 9.7 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 13. 14. 15.
12. RUNOUT 21. 22. 24. 25.

26. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 33. 34. 35. 35. 36. 39. 41. 48.
PITCH+/- 7.6 8.0
8.3 8.6 9.0 9.4 9.7
9.9 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 13. 14.
16. RUNOUT 17.

18. 19. 20. 21. 23. 24.
24.
25.
26. 27. 27, 28. 28. 29. 29. 31. 33. 39.
PITCH+/- 6.8 7.1
7.4
7.6 8.0 8.4 8.6 8.9 9.1 9.3 9.4 9.6 9.8 9.9 10. 10. 11. 11. 13.
20. RUNOUT 15. 16. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 22. 23. 23. 24. 24. 25. 25. 27. 28. 33.
PITCH+/- 6.2 6.5 6.8 7.0
7.3
7.6
7.9
8.1
8.3 8.5 8.6 8.8 8.9 9.0 9.2 9.3 9.8 10. 12,
ANWAGMA 2000-A8 8

A G M A 2000-A 9 Ob87575 OOOl1072 7 4 T 9
Table 6-1
Element Tolerances
Runout Tolerance, V,T; Allowable pitch Variation, ~I$A;Profde Tolerance, V+
Number of Teeth ( N ) ; for Helical Gem, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nlcos I))
Q Pitch
Tolerance
No' 'nd Type10 8 6 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 80 100 200
~~
Q8 0.5 RUNOUT 150 160 170 170 190 200 210 210 220 230 230 240 240 250 250 260 270 290 340
PITCH+/- 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 25. 26. 26. 27. 27. 28. 28. 28. 29. M. 32. 36.
PROFILE 43. 45. 46. 48. 50. 51. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 60. 61. 64. 66. 73.
1.0 RUNOUT 89. 95. 100 110 110 120 130 130 130 140 140 140 150 150 150 160 170 180 210
PITCH+/- 15. 15. 16. 17. 17. 18. 19. 19. 20. 20. 20. 21. 21. 21. 22. 22. 23. 24. 27.
PROFILE 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 38. 39. 39. 40. 40. 41. 42. 44. 49.
1.5 RUNOUT 66. 71. 75. 78. 84. 88. 92. 96. 99. 100 110 110 110 110 110 120 120 130 150
PITCH+/- 12. 13. 14. 14. 15. 15. 16. 16. 17. 17. 17. 18. 18. 18. 18. 19. 20. 20. 23.
PROFILE 23. 24. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 28. 29. 30. 30. 31. 31. 31. 32. 32. 33. 35. 38.
2.0 RUNOUT 54. 58. 61. 64. 68. 72. 75. 78. 80. 83. 85. 87. 89. 90. 92. 93. 100 110 130
PITCH+/- 11. 12. 12. 13. 13. 14. 14. 15. 15. 15. 15. 16. 16. 16. 16. 17. 17. 18. 21.
PROFILE 19. 20. 21. 21. 22. 23. 24. 24. 25. 25. 25. 26. 26. 26. 27. 27. 28. 29. 33.
3.0 RUNOUT 40. 43. 46. 48. 51. 54. 56. 58. 60. 62. 63. 65. 66. 67. -69. 70. 75. 79. 93.
PITCH+/- 9.3 9.8 10. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. 14. 15. 15. 17.
PROFILE 15. 16. 16. 17. 17. 18. 19. 19. 19. 20. 20. 20. 21. 21. 21. 21. 22. 23. 26.
4.0 RUNOUT 33. 35. 37. 39. 41. 44. 46. 47. 49. 50. 51. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 61. 64. 75.
PITCH+/- 8.3 8.7 9.1 9.4 9.9 10. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 13. 13. 14. 16.
PROFILE 13. 13. 14. 14. 15. 15. 16. 16. 16. 17. 17. 17. 17. 18. 18. 18. 19. 20. 22.
6.0 RUNOUT 25. 26. 28. 29. 31. 33. 34. 35. 36. 38. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 42. 45. 48. 56.
PITCH+/- 7.0 7.4 7.7 8.0 8.4 8.7 9.0 9.3 9.5 9.7 9.9 10. 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 13.
PROFILE 9.9 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. 14. 14. 15. 15. 17.
8.0 RUNOUT 20. 21. 23. 24. 25. 27. 28. 29. M. 31. 31. 32. 33. 33. 34. 34. 37. 39. 46.
PITCH+/- 6.3 6.6 6.9 7.1 7.5 7.8 8.0 8.2 8.4 8.6 8.8 8.9 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.9 11. 12.
PROFILE 8.3 8.7 9.0 9.3 9.7 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 13. 13. 14.
10. RUNOUT 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 23. 24. 25. 25. 26. 27. 27. 28, 28. 29. 29. 31. 33. 39.
PITCH+/- 5.7 6.0 6.3 6.5 6.8 7.1 7.3 7.5 7.7 7.9 8.0 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 9.1 9.4 11.
PROFILE 7.3 7.6 7.9 8.1 8.5 8.8 9.1 9.3 9.5 9.6 9.8 9.9 10. 10. 10. 11. 11. 11. 13.
12. RUNOUT 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 22. 23. 23. 24. 24. 25. 25. 26. 28. 29. 34.
PITCH+/- 5.3 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.4 6.6 6.8 7.0 7.2 7.3 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.4 8.8 9.9
PROFILE 6.6 6.9 7.1 7.3 7.6 7.9 8.1 8.3 8.5 8.7 8.8 8.9 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.8 10. 11.
16. RUNOUT 12. 13. 14. 14, 15. 16. 17. 18. 18. 19. 19. 19. 20. 20. 21. 21. 22. 24. 28.
PITCH+/- 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.7 5.9 6.1 6.2 6.4 6.5 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.1 7.5 7.8 8.8
PROFILE 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.2 6.5 6.7 6.9 7.0 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.3 8.6 9.5
20. RUNOUT 10. 11. 12. 12. 13. 14. 14. 15. 15. 16. 16. 17. 17. 17. 18. 18. 19. 20. 24.
PITCH+/- 4.4 4.6 4.8 4.9 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.7 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.5 6.9 7.2 8.1
PRORLE 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.4 S.7 5.9 6.0 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.9 7.3 7.5 8.3
Tooth Alignment Tolerance (Lead), QT
QS FACEWIDTH 0.1 1.0 1.2 1.5, 2.52.0 4.0 3.0 5.0 6.0 10.0
8.0
TOLERANCE 4.94.9 5.6 6.6 8.1 13.0
11.0
9.5 22.0
18.0
16.0 26.0

A G N A 2000-A Ob87575 0001073 6 8 6
Table 6-1
Element Tolerances
Runout Tolerance, V,T; Allowable Pitch Variation, fVp~;Profde Tolerance, V+
Number of Teeth (W; for HeIicaI G a u s , Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nlcos $)
Q Pitch Tolerance
No. Pnd Type 8 6 10 12 16 2420 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 80 100 200
Q9
0.5 RUNOUT 110110120 130 130 140 150 150 160 160 170 170 170 180 180 180 200 210 240
PITCH+/- 14. 15. 15.
16. 17. 17. 18. 18. 19. 19. 19. 20.
20. 21. 22.
25.
PROFILE 31. 32. 33. 34. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 40. 41. 42.
43.
44. 46. 47. 52.
1.0 RUNOUT 64. 68. 72. 75. 80. 85. 88. 92. 95. 97. 100 100 110 110 110 110 120 130 150
PITCH+/- 10.
11. 11. 12. 12. 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. 15. 15. 15. 15. 16. 17. 19.
PROFlLE 20. 21. 22. 23. 24.
25. 25. 26.
26.
27.
27.
28. 28. 28.
29.
29. 30. 31. 35.
1.5 RUNOUT 48. 51. 54. 56. 60. 63. 66. 69. 71. 73. 75. 76.
78.
79. 81. 82. 88. 93. 110
PITCH+/- 8.7
9.1 9.5 9.8 10. 11. 11. 12.
12.
12. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 16.
PROFILE 16. 17.
17. 18. 19. 19, 20. 20.
21. 21. 22.
22.
23. 23. 24.
25.
28.
2.0 RUNOUT 39. 41.44.
46. 49. 51. 54. 56. 58. 59. 61. 62. 63. 65. 66. 67. 71. 75. 89.
PITCH+/- 7.7
8.1 8.4
8.7
9.2 9.5 9.8 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 13. 15.
PROFILE 14. 14. 15.
16. 17. 17. 18. 18.
19. 19. 19. 19. 20. 21. 23.
3.0 RUNOUT 29. 31. 33. 34. 36. 38. 40. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48: 49. 50. 53. 56. 66.
PITCH+/- 6.6 6.9
7.2
7.4
7.8
8.1 8.4
8.6 8.8 9.0
9.2 9.3 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 11. 11. 12.
PROFILE 11. 11. 13.12. 13. 14. 14. 14. 15. 15. 15. 15. 16. 17. 18.
4.0 RUNOUT 24, 25. 27. 28. 30. 31. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 38. 39. 40. 41.
43.
46. 54.
PITCH+/- 5.8 6.1 6.4 6.6
6.9
7.2
7.5
7.7
7.9
8.0 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.6 8.7 8.8 9.2 9.6 11.
PROFILE 9.0 9.4
9.7
10.
11. 12. 12. 12. 12.
13. 13. 14. 14. 16.
6.0 RUNOUT 18. 19. 20, 21. 22.
23.
24.
25. 26. 27. 28.
28. 29. 29. 30. M. 32. 34. 40.
PITCH+/- 5.0
5.2 5.4
5.6 5.9
6.1
6.3
6.5 6.7
6.8 6.9 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5
7.8
8.2 9.2
PROFILE 7.1
7.4
7.6
7.9 8.2 8.5 8.7
8.9 9.1
9.3 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 10. 10. 11, 11. 12.
8.0 RUNOUT 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 22. 23. 23.
24.
25.
26. 28. 33.
PITCH+/- 4.4
4.7 4.8 5.0 5.3 5.5
5.7
5.8 6.0
6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5
6.6
6.6
7.0
7.3 8.2
PROFILE! 6.0 6.2
6.5 6.6 6.9 7.2
7.4
7.6
7.7 7.9
8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.9 9.2 10.
10. RUNOUT 12.

13.
14. 14. 15. 16.
17. 18. 18. 19. 19. 20. 20. 20. 21. 21. 22.
24. 28.
PITCH+/- 4.1 4.3 4.4
4.6
4.8
5.0
5.2
5.3 5.4 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.4
6.7 7.5
PROFILE 5.2 5.5 5.7 5.8 6.1
6.3 6.5 6.6 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3
7.4
7.5
7.8
8.1 9.0
12. RUNOUT 11. 11. 12. 13. 14. 14. 15. 16. 16. 17. 18. 18. 18. 18. 20.
21. 25.
PITCH+/- 3.8
4.0 4.1
4.3
4.5 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.5
5.6
5.7 5.9 6.2
7.0
PROFILE 4.7 4.9 5.1
5.2
5,s 5.7 5.8
6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6
6.6 6.7 7.0 7.2 8.1
16. RUNOUT 8.6 9.2 9.7 10.
11.
12. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. 15.
15. 16. 17. 20.
PITCH+/- 3.4 3.5 3.7 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6
4.7 4.8 4.8
4.9 5.0
5.0
5.3 5.5 6.2
PROFILE 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.6 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1
5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5
5.5 5.6 5.7 5.9 6.1 6.8
20. RUNOUT 7.3
7.8 8.3 8.6 9.2
9.7 10. 11.
11. 11. 12. 12. 12.
12. 13. 13. 14. 14. 17.
PITCH+/- 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.9 5.0 5.7
PROFILE 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.9
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4 4.5 4.6
4.7
4.7 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.2 5.4
6.0
Tooth Alignment Tolerance (Lead), WT

Q9 FACEWIDTH 0.1 1.0 1.51.2 2.5 2.0 6.0 5.0 4.0
3.0 10.0
8.0
TOLERANCE 4.0 4.6
4.0 5,4 6.6 8.87.8 11.0 13.0 18.0
15.0 21.0
40 2000-AB8

A G M A 2000-A W 0687575 OOOLO?V 512 =
Table 6-1
Element Tolerances
Runout Tolerance, Vr T ;Allowable Pitch Variation, +$A; Profde Tolerance, V+
Number of Teeth (W; for Helical Gem, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nlcos @)
Q Pitch Tolerance
No. Pad Type 68 10
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
80
100
200
Q l O .5 RUNOUT 75.80.85.88.95.100110110110120 120 120 120 130 130 130 140 150 170
PITCH+/- 9.510. 11. 11. 11. 12.12.13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. 14. 14. 15. 16. 18.
PROFILE 22.23.24.24.25.26.27.28.28.29. 29. 30. 30. 31. 31. 31. 33. 34. 38.
1.0 RUNOUT 46.49.51.54.57.61.63.66.68.70. 71. 73. 75. 76. 77. 79. 84. 89. 110
PITCH+/- 7.27.57.88.18.58.99.29.49.69.8 10. 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 14.
PROFILE 15. 15.16.16.17.18.18.19.19.19. 20. 20. 20. 20. 21. 21. 22. 22. 25.
1.5 RUNOUT 34.36.38.40.43.45.47.49.51.52. 53. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 63. 66. 78.
PITCH+/- 6.16.46.76.97.27.57.88.08.28.4 8.5 8.7 8.8 8.9 9.0 9.2 9.6 10. 12.
PROFILE 12.12.13.13.13.14.14. 15. 15.15. 15. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 17. 18. 20.
2.0 RUNOUT 28.30.31.33.35.37.38.40.41.42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 51. 54. 64.
PITCH+/- 5.45.75.96.16.56.76.97.17.37.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.6 8.9 10.
PROFILE 9.610. 11. 11.11. 12.12.12.13.13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. 15. 15. 17.
3.0 RUNOUT 21.22.23.24.26.28.29.30.31.32. 32. 33. 34. 34. 35. 36. 38. 40. 47.
PITCH+/- 4.64.95.15.25.55.75.96.16.26.3 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.9 7.3 7.6 8.6
PROFILE 7.67.98.28.48.89.19.49.69.810. 10. 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 13.
4.0 RUNOUT 17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26. 26. 27. 28. 28. 29. 29. 31. 33. 39.
PITCH+/- 4,l4.34.54.74.95.15.35.45.55.7 5.8 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.5 6.8 7.6
PROFILE 6.46.76.97.17.57.77.98.18.38.4 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 9.0 9.1 9.5 9.9 11.
6.0 RUNOUT 13.14.14.15.16.17.17.18.19,19. 20. 20. 21. 21. 21. 22. 23. 24. 29.
PITCH+/- 3.53.73.84.04.24,34.54.64.74.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.5 5.8 6.5
PROFILE 5.15.35.55.65.96.16.26.46.56.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.5 7.8 8.7
8.0 RUNOUT 10. 11. 12.12.13.14.14.15.15.16. 16. 16. 17. 17. 17. 18. 19. 20. 23.
PITCH+/- 3.13.33.43.53.73.94.04.14.24.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.9 5.1 5.8
PROFILE 4.34.54.64.75.05.15.35.45.55.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.3 6.6 7.3
10. RUNOUT 8.69.29.710. 11. 12.12.13.13.13. 14. 14. 14. 15. 15. 15. 16. 17. 20.
PITCH+/- 2.93.03.13.23.43.53.73.83.83.9 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.7 5.3
PROFILE 3.73.94.04.24.44.54.64.74.84.9 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.6 5.8 6.4
12. RUNOUT 7.68.18.58.99.5 10. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 15. 18.
PITCH+/- 2.72.82.93.03.23.33.43.53.63.6 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.9
PROFILE 3.43.53.63.73.94.04.24.34.34.4 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.8
16. RUNOUT 6.16.66.97.27.88.28.58.99.19.4 9.6 9.9 10. 10. 11. 11. 12. 12. 14.
PITCH+/- 2.42.52.62.72.82.93.03.13.23.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.9 4.4
PROFILE 2.83.03.13.23.33.43.53.63.73.7 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.9
20. RUNOUT 5.25.65.96.26.67.07.37.57.88.0 8.2 8.4 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0 9.7 10. 12.
PITCH+/- 2.22.32.42.52.62.72.82.82.93.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.6 4.0
PROFILE 2.52.62.72.82.93.03.13.23.23.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.8 4.3
Tooth Alignment Tolerance (Lead), 4~

Q l O FACEWIDTH 0.1 1.05.0
4.0
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.2 6.0 10.0
8.0
TOLERANCE 11.0
8.8
12.0
7.2
6.3
15.0
5.3
17.0
4.4
3.7
3.3
3.3

A G M A 2000-A Ob87575 0001075 959
Table 6-1
Element Tolerances
Runout Tolerance, V‘T; Allowable Pitch Variation, *$A;Profde Tolerance, V+
Number of Teeth ( N ) ; for Helical Gem. Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nicos JI)
Q Pitch Tolerance
No. Pnd Type 68 10 12
16 20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
80 100 200
QI1 .5 RUNOUT 54.57.61.63.68. 71. 74.77.80.82.84.86.88.89.91.93.99. 110 130

PITCH+/- 6.77.07.37.57.98.28.58.89.09.29.39.59.69.89.9 10. 11. 11. 13,
PROFILE 16.16.17. 17. 38. 19.19.20.20.21.21.21.22.22.22.22.23.24.27.
1.0 RUNOUT 33.35.37.38. 41. 43.45.47.48.50.51.52.53.54.55.56.60.63.75.
PITCH+/- 5.1 5.35.55.76.06.36.56.66.86.9 7.1 7.27.37.47.57.68.08.39.4
PROFILE I l . 11. 11. 12.12. 13. 13. 13.14.14.14.14.14.15.15.15.16.16.18.
1.5 RUNOUT 24.26.27.29.31.32.34.35.36.37.38.39.40.41.41.42.45.47.56.
PITCH+/- 4.3 4.5 4.7 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.6 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.8 7.1 8.0
PROFILE 8.2 8.5 8.8 9.1 9.5 9.8 10. 11. 11. I I . Il. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 12. 13. 14.
2.0 RUNOUT 20.21.22.23.25.26.28.29.29.30.31.32.32.33.34.34.37.39.45.
PITCH+/- 3.84.04.24.34.64.74.95.05.15.35.45.45.55.65.75.86.16.37.1
PROFILE 6.97.27.47.78.08.3 8.5 8.78.99.19.29.39.59.69.79.8 10. 11. 12.
3.0 RUNOUT IS. 16.17.17.19. 20. 21.21.22.23.23.24.24.25.-25.26.27.29.34.
PITCH+/- 3.33.43.63.73.94.04.24.34.44.54.64.64.74.84.84.95.15.46.0
PROFILE 5.45.75.96.06.36.56.76.97.07.17.37.47.57.67.67.7 8.1 8.49.3
4.0 RUNOUT 12. 13. 14.14. IS. 16. 17. 17. 18.18.19.19.20.20.20.21.22.23.28.
PITCH+/- 2.93.13.23.33.53.63.73.83.94.0 4.1 4.14.24.34.34.44.64.85.4
PROFILE 4.64.85.0 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.75.85.96.06.16.26.36.46.56.56.87.17.9
6.0 RUNOUT 8.99.5 10. I I . 11. 12.13.13.13.14.14. 14. 15. 15. 15. 16.17.18.21.
PITCH+/- 2.52.62.72.82.93.13.23.23.33.43.53.53.63.63.73.73.94.14.6
PROFILE 3.63.83.94.04.24.34.54.64.74.84.84.95.05.05.15.15.45.66.2
8.0 RUNOUT 7.2 7.7 8.28.59.19.6 10. 11. 11. 11. 12.12.12,12.12.13.14.14. 17.
PITCH+/- 2.22.32.42.52.62.72.82.93.03.03.13.13.23.23.33.33.53.64.1
PROFILE 3.13.23.33.43.53.73.83.93.94.04.14.14.24.34.34.34.54.75.2
10. RUNOUT 6.26.67.07.37.88.28.68.99.29.49.79.910. 10. 11. 11. 12. 12.14.
PITCH+/- 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.7
PROFILE 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 4.0 4.1 4.6
12. RUNOUT 5.45.86.16.46.87.27.57.8 8.0 8.38.58.78.99.09.29.3 10. 11. 13.
PITCH+/- 1.92.02.1 2.1 2.22.32.42.52.52.62.62.72.72.72.82.83.03.13.5
PROFILE 2.42.52.6 2.7 2.82.93.03.03.13.23.23.33.33.43.43.43.63.74.1
16. RUNOUT 4.44.75.05.25.55.86.16.36.56.76.9 7.0 7.27.37.57.68.18.6 10.
PITCH+/- 1.71.81.81.92.02.12.12.22.22.32.32.42.42.42.52.52.62.73.1
PROFILE 2.02.12.22.32.42.42.52.62.62.72.72.82.82.82.92.93.03.13.5
20. RUNOUT 3.7 4.04.24.44.75.05.25.45.65.75.96.06.16.26.46.56.97.38.6
PITCH+/- 1.51.61.7 1.7 1.81.92.02.02.12.12.12.22.22.22.32.32.42.52.8
PROFILE 1.81.91.92.02.12.12.22.32.32.42.42.42.52.52.S2.52.72.73.1
Tooth Alignment Tolerance (Lead), &T
Q I 1 FACEWIDTH 0.1 1.0 8.0

6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.2 10.0
TOLERANCE5.8
5.0
4.3
3.5
3.0
2.6
2.6 7.1 12.0
14.0
9.5
8.3
ANSZIAGMA 42 2000-A88
’h”

AGflA 2000-A Ob87575 OOOLO7b 395
Table 6-1
Element Tolerances
Runout Tolerance, V'T ; Allowable Pitch Variation, 2 % ~ ;Profde Tolerance, V+
Number of Teeth Q: for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nlcos JI)
Q Pltcb Tolerance
No. Pnd Type 10 8 6 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 4440 48 52 56 60 80 100 200
Q12 .5 RUNOUT 38. 41. 43. 45. 48. 51. 53. 55. 57. 59. 60. 61. 63. 64. 65. 66. 71.
75. 88.
PITCH+/- 4.7
4.9
5.1
5.3 5.6 5.8
6.0
6.2
6.3 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8
6.9
7.0
7.1
7.4 7.7 8.7
PROFILE 11. 12. 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. 15. 15. 15. 15. 16. 16. 16. 17. 17. 19.
1.0 RUNOUT 23.
25.
26.
27.
29. 31. 32. 34. 35. 36. 37. 37. 38. 39. 40.
40.
43. 45. 53.
PITCH+/- 3.6 3.8 3.9
4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.7 4.8
4.9
5.0
5.1
5.1 5.2 5.3
5.4 5.6 5.9 6.6
PROFILE 7.4 7.7
8.0
8.2 8.6
8.9 9.2 9.4
9.6
9.7
9.9 10. 10. 10. 11. 11. 11. 12. 13.
1.5 RUNOUT 17.

19.
20. 21. 22.
23.
24. 25. 26.
27.
27.
28.
29. 29. 30. 30. 32. 34. 40.
PITCH+/- 3.0
3.2
3.3 3.4
3.6
3.7 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.4
4.5 4.6 4.8 5.0
5.6
PROFILE 5.8
6.1 6.3 6.5 6.8 7.0 7.2 7.4 7.5 7.7 7.8
7.9
8.0 8.1
8.2 8.3 8.7
9.0 10.
2.0 RUNOUT 14. 15. 16.
17. 18. 19. 20. 20. 21.
22.
23. 24. 24. 24. 26.
28. 33.
PITCH+/- 2.7
2.8
3.0
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.6
3.7
3.8
3.8
3.9 4.0
4.0
4.1
4.3 4.4 5.0
PROFILE 4.9
5.1
5.3
5.5
5.7 5.9 6.1
6.2 6.4 6.5 6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.9 7.0 7.3 7.6 8.4
3.0 RUNOUT 11. 11. 12. 13. 13. 14. 15. 15. 16. 16. 17. 17. 17. 18; 18. 18. 20. 21. 24.
PITCH+/- 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.8 4.3
PROFILE 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.8 6.0 6.6
4.0 RUNOUT 8.5
9.1 9.6
10. 11. 12. 12. 12. 13. 13.
14. 14. 14. 15. 16. 17. 20.
PITCH+/- 2.1
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.4 2.5 2.6
2.7
2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9
3.0 3.0 3.0
3.1
3.2 3.4 3.8
PROFILE 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.9 4.1 4.2
4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5
4.5
4.6 4.6 4.7 4.9 5.0
5.6
6.0 RUNOUT 6.4
6.8
7.2
7.5
8.0 8.5 8.8 9.2 9.5 9.7 10. 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 13. 15.
PITCH+/- 1.7 1.8 1.9
2.0
2.1 2.2 2.2
2.3
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.6
2.6 2.8 2.9 3.2
PROFILE 2.6
2.7
2.8 2.9 3.0
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.8 4.0 4.4
8.0 RUNOUT 5.2 5.5 5.8 6.1
6.5
6.9 7.2 7.5
7.7
7.9
8.1 8.3 8.5 8.6 8.8
8.9 9.6 10. 12,
PITCH+/- 1.6 1.61.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0
2.1
2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2
2.3 2.3
2.3
2.5
2.6
2.9
PROFILE 2.2
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.1
3.1 3.2 3.4 3.7
10. RUNOUT 4.4
4.7 5.0 5.2
5.6 5.9 6.1 6.36.6 6.7
6.9
7.1
7.2
7.4 7.5 7.6
8.1 8.6 !O.
PITCH+/- 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.2 2.3
2.6
PROFILE 1.9
2.0
2.1
2.1
2.2 2.3 2.4
2.4
2.5
2.5 2.6 2.6
2.6
2.7 2.7 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.3
12. RUNOUT 3.9 4.1 4.4 4.6 4.95.1
5.4 5.6
5.7
5.9 6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.6
6.7
7.1 7.5
8.9
PITCH+/- 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7
1.8
1.8 1.9 1.91.9 1.9
2.0
2.0
2.1 2.2 2.5
PROFILE 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0
2.1
2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4
2.4
2.5
2.6 2.7 2.9
16. RUNOUT 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.7 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.5 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0
5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.8
6.1
7.2
PITCH+/- 1.2 1.2 1.3
1.3 1.4 1.5 1.51.6 1.6 1.6
1.7 1.7
1.7 1.7 1.8
1.8 1.9 1.9 2.2
PROFILE 1.5 1.5 1.6
1.6 1.7 1.8
1.8
1.8
1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0
2.0
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.5
20. RUNOUT 2.7 2.9 3.0
3.2 3.4 3.6 3.7
3.9
4.0
4.1
4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5
4.5 4.6
4.9 5.2 6.1
PITCH+/- 1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.41.5
1.5
1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0
PROFILE 1.3
1.3
1.4 1.4
1.5
1.5 1.6 1.61.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9
2.0
2.2
Tooth Alignment Tolerance (Lead), k $ ~

Q12 FACEWIDTH 0.1 1.0 1.2 1.5 2.52.0 4.03.0 10.0
8.06.05.0
TOLERANCE
2.82.42.12.1 3.4 4.64.0 7.6 6.6 5.7 9.3 11.0
ANWAGMA 43 2000-A88

AGHA 2000-A m Ob87575 OOOl1077 221 m
Table 6-1
Element Toldrances
RunoutTolerance, V,T; Allowable Pitch Variation, ProfileTolerance, V+
Number of Teeth ( N ) ; for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = N/cos $)
Q Pitch Tolerance
No. Pnd Type 10 8 6 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 4440 48 52 56 60 80 100 200
QI3
.5 RUNOUT 27.29. 31. 32.35.
36.
38.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
47. 51. 53.
63.
PITCH+/- 3.3
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.9
4.1
4.2
4.4
4.5
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.9
5.0
5.2
5.4
6.2
PROFILE 7.9
8.3
8.6
8.8
9.2
9.6
9.8 10. 10. 11. 11. 11. 11.
11.
11. 11. 12.
12. 14.
1.0 RUNOUT 17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
26.
27.
27.
28.
28,
29. 31. 32. 38.
PITCH+/- 2.5
2.6
2.8
2.8
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.7
3.8
4.0 4.1 4.7
PROFILE 5.3
5.5
5.7
5.9
6.1
6.4
6.5
6.7
6.8
7.0
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.5
7.9
8.1 9.1
1.5 RUNOUT 13.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
17.
18.
19.
19.
20.
20.
20.
21.
21.
22.
23.
24.
29.
PITCH+/- 2.1
2.3
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.9
3.0
3.0
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.4
3.5
4.0
PROFILE 4.2
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.8
5.0
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.9
6.2
6.4
7.1
2.0 RUNOUT 10. 11. 12. 13.
14.
15.
16.
IS.
17.
18.
19.
20. 23.
PITCH+/- 1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.6
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.9 3.0 3.1
3.5
PROFILE 3.5
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.1
4.2
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.8
4.9
5.0
5.0
5.2
5.4
6.0
3.0 RUNOUT 7.58.0
8.5
8.8
9.5 IO. 11.
11. 11. 12.
12.
12.
12.
13. 13. 13,
14.
IS.
17.
PITCH+/- 1.6
1.7
1.8
1.8.
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.6
2.7
3.0
PROFILE 2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.7
3.8
3.8
3.9
3.9
4.0
4.1
4.3
4.8
4.0 RUNOUT 6.16.5
6.9
7.2
7.7
8.1
8.5
8.8
9.1
9.3
9.6
9.8
10. 10.
11. 11. Il. 12.
14.
PITCH+/- 1.5
1.5
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.9
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.7
PROFILE 2.3
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.0
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.3.
3.3
3.5
3.6
4.0
6.0 RUNOUT 4.64.9
5.1
5.4
5.7
6.1
6.3
6.6
6.8
7.0
7.1
7.3
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.9
8.4
8.9 11.
PITCH+/- 1.2
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
.1.6
1.6
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.3
PROFILE 1.9
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.8
2.8
3.2
8.0 RUNOUT 3.74.0
4.2
4.4
4.7
4.9
5.1
5.3
5.5
5.7
5.8
5.9
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.8
7.2
8.5
PITCH+/- 1.1 1.21.2
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.7
1.8
2.0
PROFILE 1.6
1.6
1.7
1.7
1.8 1.9 1.9
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.2 2.2 2.2
2.3
2.4
2.7
10. RUNOUT 3.23.4
3.6
3.7
4.0
4.2
4.4
4.5
4.7
4.8
4.9
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.4
5.8
6.1
7.2
PITCH+/- 1.0 1.11.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.9
PROFILE 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5
1.6
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.3
12. RUNOUT 2.8 3.0
3.1
3.3
3.5
3.7
3.8
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
5.1
5.4
6.3
PITCH+/- 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.7
PROFILE 1.21.3
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.8
1.9
2.1
16. RUNOUT 2.32.4
2.5
2.7
2.8
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.8
3.9
4.2
4.4
5.2
PITCH+/- 0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.0 1.0 1.11.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.5
PROFILE 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.6
1.8
20. RUNOUT 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4
2.5
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.3
3.5 3.7
4.4
PITCH+/- 0.8
0.8
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.0 1.0
1.0 1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
PROFILE 0.9
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.4 1.6
13 Q FACEWIDTH 0.1 1.0 1.5

1.2 2.0
8.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.5 10.0
TOLERANCE 1.91.71.7 8.77.46.05.34.52.2
3.73.22.7
."_ - . .n" ~

ALHA 2000-A Ob87575 0001078
Table 6-1
Element Tolerances
Runout Tolerance, V,T ; Allowable Pitch Variation, 2 % ~Profile
; Tolerance, V+
Q Pitch Tolerance
Number of Teeth ( N ) ; for Helical Gem, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nlcos q)
No. Pnd Type 8 6 1210 16 20 24363228 4440 48 52 56 60 80 100 200
0 1.45 RUNOUT 20.

21.
22.
23.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29,
30.
31.
31.
32.
33.
33. 34. 36.
38.
45.
PITCH+/- 2.3
2.5
2.6
2.6
2.8
2.9
3.0 3.1
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.7
3.8
4.3
PROFILE 5.7
5.9
6.1
6.3
6.6
6.8 7.0 7.2
7.3
7.5
7.6 7.7 7.8
7.9
8.0
8.1
8.5 8.7 9.7
1.0 RUNOUT 12.
13.
14.
14.
15.
16.
17.
17.
18.
18.
19.
19.
20.
20.
20.
21.
22.
23.
27.
PITCH+/- 1.8
1.9
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.3
PROFILE 3.8
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.4
4.5
4.7
4.8
4.9
5.0
5.1
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.3
5.4
5.6
5.8
6.5
1.5 RUNOUT 8.8
9.4 10.
11.
12.
13.
14. 14,
14.
IS.
15. 15.
17. 17. 20.
PITCH+/- 1.5 1.6 1.7
1.7
1.8 1.9 1.9
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.8
PROFILE 3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.5 3.6 3.7
3.8
3.9
3.9
4.0
4.c
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.2
4.4
4.6
5.1
2.0 RUNOUT 7.2 7.7 8.1 8.5
9.1
9.5 10.
11.
11.
11.
11.
12.
12. 12.
12. 13.
13. 14.. 17.
PITCH+/- 1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.7 1.8 1.8
1.8
1.9
1.9
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.5
PROFILE 2.5
2.6
2.7
2.0
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.9
4.3
3.0 RUNOUT 5.45.7
6.0
6.3
6.8
7.1
7.4 7.7 8.0
8.2
8.4
8.6
8.8
8.9- 9.1 9.3
9.9 11.
12.
PITCH+/- 1.2
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.1
PROFILE 2.0
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.6
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.8
3.0
3.1
3.4
4.0 RUNOUT 4.44.7
4.9
5.1
5.5 5.8
6.1
6.3
6.5
6.7
6.8
7.0
7.1
7.3
7.4
7.5
8.1
8.5 10.
PITCH+/- 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.9
PROFILE 1.7
1.8
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.9
6.0 RUNOUT 3.33.5
3.7
3.8
4.1
4.3
4.5
4.7
4.8
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
6.0
6.3
7.5
PITCH+/- 0.9
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.6
PROFILE 1.3
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.9
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.3
8.0 RUNOUT 2.62.8
3.0
3.1
3.3
3.5
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.9
5.2
6.1
PITCH+/- 0.8
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.4
PROFILE 1.1
1.2 1.2
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5 1.6 1.6
1.6
1.7 1.7 1.9
10. RUNOUT 2.32.4
2.5
2.7
2.8
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.6 3.7 3.8 3.8
3.9
4.2
4.4
5.2
PITCH+/- 0.7 0.80.8 0.8 0.90.9
0.9
0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.3
PROFILE 1.0 1.0 1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.7
12. RUNOUT 2.0 2.1
2.2
2.3
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.9
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.4
3.7 3.9 4.5
PITCH+/- 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8
0.8
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.0 1.0 1.0
1.0
1.1
1.2
PROFILE 0.9
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.5
16. RUNOUT 1.61.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.6
2.7
2.7
2.8 3.0 3.1
3.7
PITCH+/- 0.6
0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8
0.8
0.8 0.8 0.8
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.0 1.1
PROFILE 0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.0 1.0 1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0 1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.3
20. RUNOUT 1.41.5
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.7
3.1
PITCH+/- 0.5
0.6
0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.70.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.9
0.9
1.0
PROFILE 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8
0.8
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.1
Tooth Alignment Tolerance (Lead), 4T

Q 14 FACEWDTH
10.0
8.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.2
1.0
0.1
TOLERANCE 1.51.31.3 6.95.94.84.23.62.92.52.2
1.8
ANWAGMA 45 2000-A88

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 O O O L O 7 9 O T 4 m
Table 6-1
Element Tolerances
Runout Tolerance, V,T; Allowable Pitch Variation, 2 % ~ Profde
; Tolerance, V+
QI5 .5 RUNOUT 14. 15. 16.

17.
18. 19. 20.
20.
21.
21. 22. 23. 23. 23. 24. 24. 26. 27. 32.
PITCH+/- 1.7 1.7 1.8
1.9 2.0
2.0 2.1
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.3 2.3 2.4
2.4
2.4
2.5 2.6 2.7
3.1
PROFILE 4.1
4.2
4.4 4.5 4.7 4.9
5.0
5.1 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.8 6.0 6.3
7.0
1.0 RUNOUT 8.4 9.0

9.5 10. 11. 11. 12. 12. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. 15. 15. 16. 17. 20.
PITCH+/- 1.3 1.3 1.4
1.4
1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9
1.9 2.0 2.1
2.3
PROFILE 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.3
3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6
3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.6
1.5 RUNOUT 6.3

6.8
7.1 7.4 8.0
8.4 8.8 9.1 9.4
9.7 9.9 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12.
12. 15.
PITCH+/- 1.1 1.1
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5
1.5 1.5
1.5 1.6
1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0
PROFILE 2.1
2.2
2.3 2.4 2.5
2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0
3.0
3.2 3.3 3.7
2.0 RUNOUT 5.15.5 5.8 6.0
6.5
6.8
7.1
7.4
7.6
7.8 8.0 8.2 8.4
8.6 8.7 8.9
9.5 10. 12.
PITCH+/- 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1
1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3
1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4
1.4
1.5 1.6 1.8
PROFILE 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0
2.1 2.2 2.2
2.3
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.4 2.5
2.5 2.5 2.6 2.7
2.8
3.1
3.0 RUNOUT 3.84.1

4.3
4.5
4.8
5.1
5.3
5.5 5.7 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.3 6.4 6.5
6.6
7.1 7.5 8.8
PITCH+/- 0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0
1.1 1.1 1.1
1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.5
PROFILE 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7
1.7
1.8 1.8
1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0
2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.4
4.0 RUNOUT 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.3
4.5
4.6
4.8
4.9
5.0
5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.8 6.1 7.2
PITCH+/- 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9
0.9
0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3
PROFILE 1.2
1.3
1.3
1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5
1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7
1.7
1.7 1.7 1.8
1.9 2.1
6.0 RUNOUT 2.32.5

2.6
2.7
2.9
3.1 3.2 3.4
3.5 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.9
4.0 4.0 4.3 4.5 5.3
PITCH+/- 0.6 0.70.7
0.7 0.7 0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1
PROFILE 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1
1.1
1.1 1.2 1.2
1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6
8.0 RUNOUT 1.92.0

2.1 2.2 2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7 2.8
2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.7 4.3
PITCH+/- 0.6 0.6 0.6
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7 0.7 0.8
0.8 0.8 0.8
0.8 0.8 0.8
0.9
0.9 1.0
PROFILE 0.8 0.80.9 0.9 0.9
1.0
1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1
1.1 1.1
1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.4
10. RUNOUT 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7
2.7 2.8 3.0 3.1 3.7
PITCH+/- 0.5 0.50.6 0.6 0.6
0.6
0.6 0.7
0.7
0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8
0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9
PROFILE 0.7
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9 0.9 0.9
0.9 1.0 1.0
1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2
12. RUNOUT 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0

2.0
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.6
2.8 3.2
PITCH+/- 0.5
0.5 0.5 0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.7 0.7 0.7
0.7 0.7 0.7
0.7 0.8 0.9
PROFILE 0.6 0.7 0.7
0.7
0.7 0.8
0.8 0.8 0.8
0.8
0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9 1.0 1.1
16. RUNOUT 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.6
PITCH+/- 0.4 0.4 0.5
0.5 0.5
0.5 0.5 0.6 0.60.6
0.6 0.6 0.6
0.6
0.6 0.6 0.7
0.7
0.8
PROFILE 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6
0.6
0.7 0.7 0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7 0.7
0.7
0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
0.8 0.9
20. RUNOUT 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6
1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.3
PITCH+/- 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
0.5
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.6 0.6
0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7
PROFILE 0.5
0.5
0.5 0.5
0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
0.6
0.6 0.6
0.7
0.7 0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7 0.8
Tooth Alignment Tolerance (Lead), I@ T
Q15 FACEWIDTH 0.1 1.0 1.2

2.52.01.5 3.0 5.04.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
TOLERANCE 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.8 3.3 3.8 4.6 5,4
ANWAGMA 46 2000-AB8

A G N A 2000-A m Ob87575 O O O L O B O 8Lb
Table 6-2
Composite Tolerances
TotalCompositeTolerance, ; Tooth-To-Tooth
CompositeTolerance, V q ~
Number of Teeth ( W ; for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni= N/cos q)
Q Pitch Tolerance
No. Pnd Type
8 6 10 12 16 36
20
322824 40 44 48 52 56 7060 80 90 100 200
150
Q5 0.5 TOTAL 660 660 660 660 660 660 670 700 720 740 760 780 800 820 840 850 890 920 950 970 1090 1170
T-TO-T 120 110 100 98. 91. 87. 82. 80. 79. 81. 81. 81. 81. 81. 81. 81. 81. 81. 81. 81. 81. 81.
1.0 TOTAL 410 410 410 410 410 410 410 420 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 530 540 560 570 630 680
T-TO-T 98. 91. 87. 83. 77. 73. 70. 68. 67. 69. 69. 69. 69. 69. 69. 69. 69. 69, 69. 69. 69. 69.
2.0 TOTAL 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 270 280 280 290 300 300 310 310 320 330 340 350 350 390
410
T-TO-T 83. 77. 73. 70. 66. 62. 59. 58. 57. 50. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58.
4.0 TOTAL 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 180 180 190 190 190 200 200 200 210 210 220 220 230 250 260
T-TO-T 70. 66. 62. 59. 56. 53. 51. 50. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49.
8.0 TOTAL 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 130 130 130 130 130 140 140 140 140 150 150 150 160
170
T-TO-T 59. 56. 53. 50. 47. 45. 43. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42, 42.
12. TOTAL 96. 96. 96. 96. 96. 96. 95. 98. 100 100 110 110 110 110 110 110 120 120 120 120 130
140
T-TO-T 54. 50. 48. 46. 43. 40. 39. 39. 38. 38. 38. 30. 38. 38. 38. 38. 38. 38. 38. 38. 38. 38.
16. TOTAL 83. 83. 83. 83. 83. 83. 82. 84. 86. 88. 89. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 98. 100 100 110 110 120
T-TO-T 50. 47. 45. 43. 40. 38. 37. 36. 36. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35.
20. TOTAL 74. 74. 74. 74. 74. 74. 74. 76. 77. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 87. 89. 90. 92. 98. 100
T-TO-T 48. 45. 42. 40. 38. 36. 35. 34. 34. 34. 34. 34. 34. 34. 34. 34. 34. 34. 34. 34. 34. 34.
24. TOTAL 68. 68. 68. 68. 68. 68. 68. 69. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 81. 82. 84. 89. 93.
T-TO-T 46. 43. 40. 39. 36. 34. 34. 33. 32. 32. 32. 32. 32. 32. 32. 32. 32. 32. 32. 32. 32.
32. TOTAL 60. 60. 60. 60. 60. 60. 59. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 72. 73. 77. 80.
T-TO-T 43. 40. 38. 36. 34. 32. 31. 31. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30.
40. TOTAL 55. 55. S4. 54. 54. 54. 54. 55. 56. 57. 57. 58. 59. 60. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 69. 72.
T-TO-T 40. 38. 36. 34. 32. 30. 30. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29.
48. TOTAL 51. 50. 50. 50. SO. 50. 49. 50. SI. 52. 53. 54. 54. 55. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 63. 66.
T-TO-T 39. 36. 34. 33. 31. 29. 29. 28. 28. 27. 27. 27. 27. 27. 27. 27. 27. 27. 27. 27. 27. 27.
64. TOTAL 45. 45. 45. 44. 44. 44. 44. 44. 45. 46. 46. 47. 48. 48. 49. 49. 50. 51. 52. 52. 55. 57.
T-TO-T 36. 34. 32. 31. 29. 27. 27. 26. 26. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25, 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25.
80. TOTAL 41. 41. 41. 41. 40. 40. 40. 40. 41. 42. 42. 43. 43. 44. 44. 44. 45. 46. 47. 47. 50. 51.
T-TO-T 34. 32. 30. 29. 27. 26. 26. 25. 25. 24. 24. 24. 24. 24. 24. 24. 24. 24. 24. 24. 24. 24.
96. TOTAL 38. 38. 38. 38. 37. 37. 37. 37. 38. 38. 39. 39. 40. 40. 41. 41. 42. 42. 43. 44. 46.
47.
T-TO-T 33. 31. 29. 28. 26. 25. 24. 24. 24. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23.
120. TOTAL 35. 35. 34. 34. 34. 34. 33. 34. 35. 35. 35. 36. 36. 37. 37. 37. 38. 38. 39. 39. 41. 43.
T-TO-T 31. 29. 28. 26. 25. 23. 23. 23. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22.
47

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 O O O L O 8 l 752 m
Table 6-2
Total Composite Tolerance, V , q ~; Tooth-To-Tooth Composite Tolerance, VqT
Number of Teeth (W: for Helical Gem, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nlcos @)
Q Pitch Tolerance
No. Pnd Type
68 10
12
16
20
24
28
32
36 40
44
48
52
56
60
70
80
90 100 150
200
Q6 0.5 TOTAL 470 470 470 470 470 470 480 500 510 530 550 560 570 590 600 610 630 660 680 700 780 840
T-TO-T 83. 77. 73. 70. 65. 62. 58. 57. 56. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58.
1.0 TOTAL 290 290 290 290 290 290 290 300 310 320 330 340 340 350 360 360 380 390 400 410 450 480
T-TO-T 70.65.62.59.55.52.50.49.48.49.49.49.49.49.49.49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49.
2.0 TOTAL 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 200 200 210 210 220 220 220 230 240 240 250 250 280 290
T-TO-T 59. 55. 52. 50. 47. 44. 42. 42. 41. 42. 42. 42. 42.42. 42. 42. 42.42.42.42. 42. 42.
4.0 TOTAL 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 130 130 130 140 140 140 140 150 150 150 160 160 160 180 190
T-TO-T 50. 47. 44. 43. 40. 38. 36. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35.35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35.
8.0 TOTAL 84. 84. 84. 84. 84. 84. 84. 86. 88. 90. 92. 93. 95. ‘96. 97. 98. 100 110 110 110 120 120
T-TO-T 43. 40. 38. 36. 34. 32. 31. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30.
12. TOTAL 68. 68. 68. 68. 68. 68, 68. 70. 71. 73. 74. 75. 76.77. 78. 79. 81. 83. 85. 86. 92. 96.
T-TO-T 39. 36. 34. 33. 31. 29. 28. 28. 27. 27. 27. 27. 27.27. 27. 27. 27. 27. 27. 27. 27. 27.
16. TOTAL 59. 59. 59. 59. 59. 59. 59. 60. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66.67. 67. 68. 70. 71. 73. 74. 79. 82.
T-TO-T 36. 34. 32. 31. 29. 27. 26. 26. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25.25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25.
20. TOTAL 53. 53. 53. 53. 53. 53. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59.59. 60. 61. 62. 64. 65. 66. 70. 73.
T-TO-T 34. 32. 30. 29. 27. 26. 25. 25. 24. 24. 24. 24. 24.24. 24. 24. 24. 24. 24. 24. 24. 24.
24. TOTAL 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 48. 50. 51. 51. 52. 53. 54.54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 64. 66.
T-TO-T 33. 31. 29. 28. 26. 25. 24. 24. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23.23. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23.
32. TOTAL 43. 43. 43. 43. 43. 43. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 46. 47.47. 48. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 55. 57.
T-TO-T 31.29.27.26.24.23.23.22.22.22.22.22.22.22,22.22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22.
40. TOTAL 39. 39. 39. 39. 39. 39. 38. 39. 40. 40. 41, 42. 42. 43. 43. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 49. 51.
T-TO-T 29. 27. 26. 25. 23. 22. 21. 21. 21. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20.
48. TOTAL 36. 36. 36. 36. 36. 36. 35. 36, 37. 37, 38. 38. 39, 39. 40. 40. 41. 41. 42. 43. 45. 47.
T-TO-T 28. 26. 25. 24. 22. 21. 21. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20.
64. TOTAL 32. 32. 32. 32. 32. 32. 31. 32. 32. 33. 33. 34. 34. 34. 35. 35. 36. 36. 37. 37. 39. 41.
T-TO-T 26. 24. 23. 22. 21. 19. 19. 19. 19. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18.
80. TOTAL 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 28. 29. 29. 30. 30. 31. 31. 31. 31. 32. 32. 33. 33. 34. 36. 37.
T-TO-T 25. 23. 22. 21. 19. 18. 18. 18. 18. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17.
96. TOTAL 27. 27. 27. 27. 27. 27. 26. 27. 27. 28. 28. 28. 29. 29. 29. 29. 30. M. 31. 31. 33. 34.
T-TO-T 24. 22. 21. 20. 19. 18. 18. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17.
120. TOTAL 25. 25. 25. 25. 24. 24. 24. 24, 25. 25. 25. 26. 26. 26. 26. 27. 27. 28. 28. 28. 30. 31.
T-TO-T 22. 21. 20. 19. 18. 17. 17. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16.
ANSIlAGMA 48 2000-A88

AGflA 2000-A W Ob87575 O O O L O 8 2 699 W
Table 6-2
Total
Composite
Tolerance, ; Tooth-To-Tooth
Composite Tolerance,
Number of Teetb ( N ) ; for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth ( N j = Nlcos *)
Q Pitch
Tolerance
No’‘nd Type 6
8 10
12
16
20
24
28
32
36 40 44
48
52
56
60 70 80 90 100 150 200
Q7 0.5 TOTAL 340 340 340 340 340 340 340 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 470 480 500 550 600
T-TO-T 59. 55. 52. 50. 47. 44. 42. 41. 40. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42.
1.0 TOTAL 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 220 220 230 240 240 250 250 260 260 270 280 290 290 320 350
T-TO-T 50. 47. 44. 42. 40. 38. 36. 35. 34. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35.
2.0 TOTAL 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 140 140 150 150 150 160 160 160 160 170 170 180 180 200 210
T-TO-T 42. 40. 38. 36. 34. 32. 30. 30. 29. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30.
4.0 TOTAL 88. 88. 88. 88. 88. 88. 88. 90. 93. 95. 97. 99. 100 100 110 110 110 110 120 120 130 130
T-TO-T 36. 34. 32. 30. 28. 27. 26. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25.
8.0 TOTAL 60. 60. 60. 60. 60. 60. 60. 62. 63. 64. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 70. 72. 74. 76. 77. 83. 87.
T-TO-T 30. 28. 27. 26. 24. 23. 22. 22. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21.
12. TOTAL 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 66. 69.
T-TO-T 28. 26. 24. 23. 22. 21. 20. 20. 19. 19. 19. 19. 19. 19. 19. 19. 19. 19. 19. 19. 19. 19.
16. TOTAL 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 46. 47. 48. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 56. 59,
T-TO-T 26. 24. 23. 22. 20. 19. 19. 19. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18.
20. TOTAL 38. 38. 38. 38. 38. 38. 38. 39. 40. 40. 41. 41. 42. 43. 43. 43. 45. 45. 46. 47. 50. 52.
T-TO-T 24. 23. 22. 21. 19. 18. 18. 18. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17.
24. TOTAL 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 36. 37. 37. 38. 38. 39. 39. 40. 41. 41. 42. 43. 45. 47.
T-TO-T 23. 22. 21. 20. 19. 18. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17.
32. TOTAL 31.31.31.31.31.31.30.31.32.32.33.33.33.34.34.35.35.36.37.37.39.41.
T-TO-T 22.20.19.19.17.16.16.16.16. 15. IS. 15. 15. 15, 15. 15. 1s. 15. 15. 15. 15. 15.
40. TOTAL 28.28.28.28,28.28.27.28.29.29.29.30.30.30.31.31.32.32.33.33.35.37.
T-TO-T 21.19.18.18. 16. 16. 15. IS. 15. IS. IS. 15. 15. 15. IS. 15. 15. 15.15.15. 15. 15.
48. TOTAL 26.26.26.26.26.26.25.26.26.27.27.27.28.28.28.29.29.30.30.31.32.34.
T-TO-T 20.19.18.17.16. 15. IS.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14. 14. 14.14.
64. TOTAL 23.23.23,23.23.23.22.23.23.23.24.24.24.25.25.25.26.26.26.27.28.29.
T-TO-T 19.17.16.16.15.14.14.14.13.13. 13. 13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.
80. TOTAL 21.21.21.21.21.21.20.21.21.21.22.22.22.22.23.23.23.24.24.24.25.26.
T-TO-T 18.16.16.15.14. 13.13.13.13.12.12.12.12.12.12.12. 12. 12.12.12.12.12.
96. TOTAL 20.20.20.20.19. 19.19.19.19.20.20.20.20.21.21.21.21.22.22.22.23.24.
T-TO-T 17.16.15.14. 13. 13. 13.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.
120. TOTAL 18.18.18.18.18.17.17.17.18.18.18.18.19.19.19.19.19.20.20.20.21.22.
T-TO-T 16.15.14.14.13.12.12.12.12. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11.
11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11.
ANSIIAGMA 49 2000-AB 8
”
ilD
AGHA 2000-A m Ob87575 0001083 525
Table 6-2
Total Composite Tolerance, K q ;~
Tooth-To-Tooth Composite Tolerance, V q ~
Number of Teeth ( N ) ; for Helical G e a r s , Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nlcos q)
Q Pitch Tolerance
No. Pnd Type 68 10 12
16 20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
70
80
90 100 150
200
Q 8 0.5 TOTAL 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 250 260 270 280 290 290 300 310 310 320 340 350 360 400 430
T-TO-T 42.39.37.36.33.32.30.29.29.30.30.30.30.30.30.30.30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30.
1.0 TOTAL 150 150 150 150 150 I50 150 160 160 170 170 .I70 180 180 180 190 190 200 210 210 230 250
T-TO-T 36.33.32.30.28.27.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.
2.0 TOTAL 94.94.94.94.94.94.95.98. 100 110 110 110 110 110 120120120120130130140 150
T-TO-T 30.28.27.26.24.23.22.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.
4.0 TOTAL 63.63.63.63.63.63.63.65.66.68..69.70.72.73.74.75.77.79.81.83.89.95.
T-TO-T 26.24.23.22.20.19.19.18.18.18.18.18.18.18.18.18.18.18.18.18.18. 18,
8.0 TOTAL 43.43.43.43.43.43.43.44.45.46.47.48.48.49. 50. 50. 52.53.54.55.59.62.
T-TO-T 22.20.19.18.17.16.16.16.15.IS.IS.15. 15. IS.IS.15.15.15. 15. 15. IS. 15.
12. TOTAL 35.35.35.35.35.35.35.36.36.37.38.38.39.39.40.40.41.42.43.44.47.49.
T-TO-T 20.18.18.17.16.15.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14,14.14.14.
16. TOTAL 30.30.30.30.30.30.30.31.32.32.33.33.34.34.34. 35. 36.36.37.38.40.42.
T-TO-T 18.17.16.16.IS.14.14.13.13.13.13.13.13.13. 13. 13.13.13.13.13. 13. 13.
20. TOTAL 27.27.27.27.27.27.27.28.28.29.29.30.30.30.31.31.32.33.33.34.36.37.
T-TO-T 18.16.16. IS. 14. 13. 13.13.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.
24. TOTAL 25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.26.26.27.27.28.28.28.28.29.30.30. 31. 33.34.
T-TO-T 17.16.IS.14. 13. 13.12.12. 12. 12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12. 12.
32. TOTAL 22.22.22.22.22.22.22.22.23.23.23.24.24.24.24.25.25.26.26.27. 28. 29.
T-TO-T 16.15.14.13.12.12.12. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11.
11. I l . 11.
11. 11. 11. If. Il.
40. TOTAL 20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.21.21.21.22.22.22.22.23.23.24.24.25.26.
T-TO-T 15.14.13.13.12. 11. 11. 11. I l . 11. 11. 11. II. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11.
11.
48. TOTAL 19.19.19.19.18.18,18.18.19.19.19.20.20.20.20.20.21.21.22.22.23.24.
T-TO-T 14.13.13.12. 11. 11. 11. 10. 10. 9.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.9
64. TOTAL 17,17.17.17.16.16.16.16.17.17.17.17.17.18.18.18.18.19.19.19.20,21.
T-TO-T 13.12.12. 11. 11. 9.89.79.59.49.29.29.29.29.29.29.29.29.29.29.29.29.2
80. TOTAL 16.15. 15. 15.IS.15.IS.15.15.15.15.16.16.16.16.16.17.17.17.17. 18. 19.
T-TO-T 13. 12. 11. 11. 9.89.39.2 9.1 8.98.88.88.88.88.88.88.88.88.88.88.88.88.8
96. TOTAL 14.i4.14.14.14.14.13.14.14.14.14.14.IS.15.IS.IS.IS.16.16.16.17.17.
T-TO-T 12. 11. I I . IO. 9.48.98.98.78.58.48.48.48.48.48.48.48.48.48.48.48.48.4
120. TOTAL 13.13.13.13.13.12.12.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.14.14.14.14.14.14.IS.16.
T-TO-T 11. I I . 10. 9.68.98.58.48.38.17.97.97.97.97.97.97.97.97.97.97.97.97.9
ANSIJAGMA 50 2000-A88

A G M A 2000-A Ob87575 O001084 4bl W
Gear Classification and Inspection Handbook ror Unassembled Spur and Helical Gears
Table 6-2
Total Composite Tolerance, V , q ;~Tooth-To-Tooth Composite Tolerance, V q ~
Number of Teeth ( W ; for Helical Gem, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nlcos Jr)
Q Pitch Tolerance
No. Pnd Type
68 10 12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
70
80 90 100 150
200
~~ ~
Q P 0.5 TOTAL 170 170 170 170 170 170 180 180 190 190 200 210 210 210 220 220 230 240 250 260 280 310
T-TO-T 30. 28. 27. 26. 24. 23. 21. 21. 21. 21.21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21.
1.0 TOTAL 110 110 110 110 110 110 I10 110 120 120 120 120 130 130 130 130 140 140 150 150 170 180
T-TO-T 26. 24. 23. 22. 20. 19. 18. 18. 18. 18.18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18.
2.0 TOTAL 67. 67. 67. 67. 67. 67. 68. 70. 72. 74.75. 77. 79. 80. 81. 82. 85. 88. 90. 92. 100 110
T-TO-T 22. 20. 19. 18. 17. 16. 16. IS. 15. IS. 15. 15. IS. 15. IS. 15. 15. 15. 15. 15. 15. 15.
4.0 TOTAL 45. 45. 45. 45. 45. 45. 45, 46. 47. 48. .49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 57. 58. 59. 64. 68.
T-TO-T 18. 17. 16. 16. 15. 14. 13. 13. 13. 13.13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13.
8.0 TOTAL 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 32. 32. 33.34. 34. 35. 35. 36. 36. 37. 38. 39, 39. 42. 44.
T-TO-T 16. 15. 14. 13. 12. 12. 11. 11. I l . 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 13. 11. I l . 11. I I . 11. 11. 11.
12. TOTAL 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 26. 26. 27.27. 28. 28. 28. 29. 29. 30. 30. 31. 31. 34. 35.
T-TO-T 14. 13. 13. 12. 11. 11. 10. 10. 9.8 9.99.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9
16. TOTAL 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 23. 23.23. 24. 24. 24. 25. 25. 26. 26. 27. 27. 29. 30.
T-TO-T 13. 12. 12. 11. 11. 9.8 9.6 9.4 9.2 9.29.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2
20. TOTAL 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 19. 20. 20. 21.21. 21. 22. 22. 22. 22. 23. 23. 24. 24. 26. 27.
T-TO-T 13. 12. 11. 11. 9.8 9.3 9.1 8.9 8.8 8.78.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7
24. TOTAL 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 19. 19.19. 19. 20. 20. 20. 20. 21. 21. 22. 22. 23. 24.
T-TO-T 12. 11. 11. 10. 9.4 8.9 8.7 8.5 8.4 8.38.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3
32. TOTAL 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16.17. 17. 17. 17. 18. 18. 18. 18. 19. 19. 20. 21.
T-TO-T 11. 11. 9.8 9.4 8.8 8.3 8.2 8.0 7.9 7.87.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8
40. TOTAL 15. IS. 15. 15. 14. 14. 14. 14. 15. 15.15. IS. 15. 16. 16. 16. 16. 17. 17. 17. 18. 19.
T-TO-T 11. 9.8 9.3 8.9 8.3 7.9 7.7 7.6 7.5 7.47.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4
48. TOTAL 14. 14. 14. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14.14. 14. 14. 14. 15. 15. 15. 15. IS. 16. 17. 17.
T-TO-T 10. 9.4 8.9 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.2 7.17.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1
64. TOTAL 12. 12. 12. 12. 12, 12. 11. 12. 12. 12.12. 12. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. IS.
T-TO-T 9.4 8.8 8.3 8.0 7.4 7.0 7.0 6.8 6.7 6.66.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6
80. TOTAL 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. I I . 11. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 13. 14.
T-TO-T 8.9 8.3 7.9 7.5 7.0 6.7 6.6 6.5 6.4 6.36.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3
96. TOTAL 11. I I . 10. 10. 9.9 9.6 9.5 9.7 9.8 10. 10. 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12.
T-TO-T 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.2 6.7 6.4 6.3 6.2 6.1 6.06.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0
120. TOTAL 9.7 9.5 9.4 9.3 9.0 8.8 8.7 8.8 9.0 9.19.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.6 9.8 10. 10. 10. 11. 11.
T-TO-T 8.1 7.5 7.1 6.8 6.4 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.8 5.75.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7
ANWAGMA 51 2000-A88
al
A G M A 2000-A D Ob87575 OOOL085 3 T B D
Table 6-2
Total Composite Tolerance, F q ; ~
Tooth-To-Tooth Composite Tolerance, vq~
~~ ~~
Number of Teeth (W; for Helical Gears. Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nlcos q)
Q Pitch Tolerance
No. Pnd Type
68 10
12
16 ' 20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
70
80
90 100 150 200
~~ ~
QI0 .5 TOTAL 120 120 120 120 120 120 130 130 140 140 140 150 150 150 160 160 170 170 180 180 200 220
T-TO-T 22.20.19.18.17.16.15. IS. 15. IS. IS. 15.15.15.15. 15. 15. IS.IS.15. 15. 15.
1.0 TOTAL 75. 75. 75. 75. 75. 75. 76. 79. 81. 83. 86. 88. 89. 91. 93. 94. 98. 100 110 110 120 130
T-TO-T 18. 17. 16. 16. IS. 14. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13.
2.0 TOTAL 48. 48. 48. 48. 48. 48. 48. 50. Sl. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 61. 63. 64. 66. 72. 76.
T-TO-T 16. 15. 14. 13. 12. 12. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. I I . 11. 11. I l . 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. II.
4.0 TOTAL 32. 32. 32. 32. 32. 32. 32. 33. 34. 35. 35. 36. 37. 37. 38. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 46. 48.
T-TO-T 13. 12. 12. 11. 10. 9.8 9.4 9.2 9.0 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2
8.0 TOTAL 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 23. 23. 24. 24. 24. 25. 25. 25. 26. 26. 27. 28. 28. 30. 32.
T-TO-T 11. 10. 9.8 9.4 8.7 8.3 8.0 7.9 7.7 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8
12. TOTAL 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 19. 19. 19. 20. 20. 20. 20. 21. 21. 22. 22. 23. 24. 25.
T-TO-T 10. 9.4 8.9 8.5 7.9 7.S 7.3 7.2 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0
16. TOTAL 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 15. 16. 16. 16. 17. 17. 17. 17. 18. 18. 18. 19. 19. 19. 21. 22.
T-TO-T 9.48.78.37.97.47.06.86.76.66.66.66.66.66.66.66.66.66.66.66.66.66.6
20. TOTAL 14. 14. 14. 14. 14. 14. 14. 14. IS. 15. 15. IS. 15. 16. 16. 16. 16. 17. 17. 17. 18. 19.
T-TO-T 8.9 8.3 7.8 7.5 7.0 6.6 6.5 6.4 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2
24. TOTAL 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. 14. 14. 14. 15. IS. IS. 15. 16. 17. 17.
T-TO-T 8.5 7.9 7.5 7.2 6.7 6.4 6.2 6.1 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0
32. TOTAL 12. 12. 12. 12. I I . 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 15.
T-TO-T 7.9 7.4 7.0 6.7 6.3 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 S.6 5.6 5.6
40. TOTAL 11. 11. 11. 11. 10. 10. 9.9 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 12. 13. 13.
T-TO-T 7.5 7.0 6.6 6.4 5.9 5.6 5.5 5-4 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3
48 TOTAL 9.9 9.8 9.7 9.6 9.4 9.3 9.2 9.4 9.5 9.7 9.8 9.9 10. IO. 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12.
T-TO-T 7.2 6.7 6.4 6.1 5.7 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1
64. TOTAL 8.9 8.8 8.7 8.6 8.4 8.2 8.1 8.2 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 9.0 9.1 9.3 9.4 9.6 9.7 10. 11.
T-TO-T 6.7 6.3 5.9 5.7 5.3 5.0 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7
80. TOTAL 8.2 8.1 8.0 7.9 7.7 7.4 7.3 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.2 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.8 9.2 9.5
T-TO-T 6.4 5.9 5.6 5.4 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
96. TOTAL 7.7 7.6 7.5 7.4 7.1 6.9 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.5 8.8
T-TO-T 6.1 5.7 5.4 5.2 4.8 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3
120. TOTAL 7.2 7.0 6.9 6.8 6.5 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.S 6.6 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.7 7.9
T-TO-T 5.8 5.4 5.1 4.9 4.6 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1

AGHA 2000-A m Ob87575
OOOL08b 234 m
Table 6-2
Tooth-To-Tooth Composite Tolerance, VqT
Number of Teeth (N); for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nlcos q)
Q Pitch Tolerance
No. Pnd Type
68 10 12
16
20
24
28
32
36 40 44 48
52
56 60
70
80
90
100
150
200
Q l l .5 TOTAL 87. 87. 87. 87. 87. 87. 89. 92. 96. 99. 100 110 I10 I10 110 110 120 120 130 130 150 160
T-TO-T 16. 14. 14. 13. 12. 12. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11.
1.0 TOTAL 54. 54. 54. 54. 54. 54. 54. 56. 58. 60. 61. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 70. 72. 74. 76. 84. 90.
T-TO-T 13. 12. 12. 11. IO. 9.7 9.2 9.0 8.9 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1
2.0 TOTAL 34. 34. 34. 34. 34. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 39. 40. 41. 42. 42. 44. 45. 46. 47. 51. 55.
T-TO-T 11. 10. 9.7 9.3 8.7 8.2 7.9 7.7 7.6 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7
4.0 TOTAL 23. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23. 24. 24. 25. 25. 26. 26. 27. 27. 27. 28. 29. 30. 30. 33. 35.
T-TO-T 9.3 8.7 8.2 7.9 7.4 7.0 6.7 6.6 6.5 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6
8.0 TOTAL 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 17. 17. 17. 17. 18. 18. IS. 18. 19. 19. 20. 20. 22. 23.
T-TO-T 7.9 7.4 7.0 6.7 6.2 5.9 5.7 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6
12. TOTAL 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. 14. IS. 15. 15. 15. 16. 16. 16. 17. 18.
T-TO-T 7.2 6.7 6.3 6.1 5.7 5.4 5.2 5.1 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
16. TOTAL 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 15. 15.
T-TO-T 6.7 6.2 5.9 5.7 5.3 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.1 4.7
20. TOTAL 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.8 10. IO. Il. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 12. 13. 14,
T-TO-T 6.35.95.65.45.04.84.64.64.54.54.54.54.54.54.54.54.54.54.54.54.54.5
24. TOTAL 9.29.29.29.29.19.19.09.29.49.69.79.8 IO. 10. 10. IO. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12.13.
T-TO-T 6.15.75.45.14.84.64.54.44.34.34.34.34.34.34.34.34.34.34.34.34.34.3
32. TOTAL 8.3 8.3 8.2 8.2 8.1 7.9 7.9 8.0 8.2 8.3 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 9.0 9.2 9.3 9.5 9.6 10. 11.
T-TO-T 5.7 5.3 5.0 4.8 4.5 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
40. TOTAL 7.7 7.6 7.6 7.5 7.3 7.2 7.1 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.4 8.5 8.6 9.1 9.5
T-TO-T 5.4 5.0 4.8 4.6 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8
48. TOTAL 7.2 7.1 7.1 7.0 6.8 6.6 6.5 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.4 8.7
T-TO-T 5.1 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.1 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6
64. TOTAL 6.6 6.5 6.4 6.3 6.0 5.8 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.3 7.6
T-TO-T 4.8 4.5 4.2 4.1 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4
80. TOTAL 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.8 5.5 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.6 6.8
T-TO-T 4.6 4.2 4.0 3.9 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2
96. TOTAL 5.8 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.2 4.9 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 6.1 6.3
T-TO-T 4.44.13.93.73.43.33.23.23.13.13.13.13.1 3.1 3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
120. TOTAL 5,4 5.2 5.1 5.0 4.7 4.5 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.5 5.7
T-TO-T 4.1 3.9 3.7 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9
ANSIIAGMA

A G M A 2000-A Ob87575
0001087
170 =
Table 6-2
Total Composite Tolerance, V , q ;~Tooth-To-Tooth Composite Tolerance, V q ~
Number of Teeth (W: for Helical Gears. Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nlcos $)
Q Pitch Tolerance
No. Pnd Type
8 6 10 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 7060 80 90 100 200
150
Q 1 2 . 5 TOTAL 63. 63. 63. 63. 63. 63. 63. 66. 68. 70.
72. 74. 76. 78. 79. 81. 84. 87. 90. 92. 100 110
T-TO-T II. 10. 9.7 9.3 8.7 8.2 7.7 7.6 7.5 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7
1.0 TOTAL 38. 38. 38. 38. 38. 38. 39. 40. 41. 43.
44. 45. 46. 47. 47. 48. 50. 52. 53. 54. 60. 64.
T-TO-T 9.3 8.7 8.2 7.9 7.3 7.0 6.6 6.5 6.4 6.5
6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5
2.0 TOTAL 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 25. 26. 26. 27. 28. 28. 29. 29. 30. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 37. 39.
T-TO-T 7.9 7.3 7.0 6.7 6.2 5.9 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5
4.0 TOTAL 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 17. 17. 18. .18. 18. 19. 19. 19. 201 20. 21. 21. 22. 23. 25.
T-TO-T 6.7 6.2 5.9 5.6 5.3 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.7
4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7
8.0 TOTAL 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 12. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. 14. 16. 16.
T-TO-T 5.6 5.3 5.0 4.8 4.5 4.2 4.1 4.0 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
12. TOTAL 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.0 9.3 9.5 9.6 9.8 10. 10. 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 13.
T-TO-T 5.1 4.8 4.5 4.3 4.1 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6
16. TOTAL 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.8 8.0 8.2 8.3 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 9.0 9.3 9.5 9.6 9.8 11. 11.
T-TO-T 4.8 4.5 4.2 4.1 3.8 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4
20. TOTAL 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.0 7.2 7.3 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.3 8.4 8.6 8.7 9.3 9.7
T-TO-T 4.5 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2
24. TOTAL 6.7 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.5 6.5 6.4 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.4 8.8
T-TO-T 4.3 4.1 3.8 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1
32. TOTAL 6.1 6.0 6.0 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.6 5.7 5.9 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.3 7.6
T-TO-T 4.1 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9
40. TOTAL 5.7 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.3 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.5 6.8
T-TO-T 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7
48. TOTAL 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.1 4.9 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 6.0 6.2
T-TO-T 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.1 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6
64. TOTAL 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.2 5.4
T-TO-T 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4
80. TOTAL 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.7 4.9
T-TO-T 3.3 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3
96. TOTAL 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.0 3.8 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.5
T-TO-T 3.1 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2
12O.TOTAL 4.1 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.9 4.1
T-TO-T 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1
ANWAGMA 54

A G M A 2000-A Ob87575 O O O L O 8 8 007
Table 6-2
Total Composite Tolerance, K q ;~Tooth-To-Tooth Composite Tolerance, V q ~
Number of Teetb (M; for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nlcos q)
Q Pitch Tolerance
No. Pnd Type
68 10 12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56 60 70
80
90 100 150
200
413 .5 TOTAL 45.45.45.45.45.45.45.47.49.50.52.53.54.56.57.58.60.62.64.66.74.79.

T-TO-T 7.87.36.96.66.25.95.55.45.35.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.5
1.0 TOTAL 28.28.28.28.28.28.28.29.30.31.31.32.33.33.34.34.36.37.38.39.43.46.
T-TO-T 6.66.25.95.65.25.04.74.64.54.74.74.74.74.74.74.74.74.74.74.74.74.7
2.0 TOTAL 18.18.18.18.18.18.18.18.19.19.20.20.21.21.21.22.22.23.24.24.26.28.
T-TO-T 5.65.25.04.84.44.24.03.93.9 4.0 4.04.04.04.04.0 4.0 4.04.04.04.04.04.0
4.0 TOTAL 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12.12. 12. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14.14. 15. 15. IS. 16. 17. 18.
T-TO-T 4.8 4.4 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.43.4 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.43.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4
8.0 TOTAL 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.08.2 8.4 8.5 8.7 8.8 9.0 9.1 9.29.3 9.6 9.8 10. 10. 11. 12.
T-TO-T 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.92.9 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.82.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8
12. TOTAL 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.46.6 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.47.5 7.7 7.9 8.0 8.2 8.7 9.1
T-TO-T 3.7 3.4 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.7 2.72.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.62.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6
16. TOTAL 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.65.7 5.8 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 -6.5 6.6 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.5 7.8
T-TO-T 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.52.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.42.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4
20. TOTAL 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.75.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.6 6.9
T-TO-T 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.42.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.32.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3
24. TOTAL 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.64.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.25.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 6.0 6.3
T-TO-T 3.1 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.32.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.22.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2
32. TOTAL 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.04.1 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.54.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.2 5.4
T-TO-T 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.1 '2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.02.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
40. TOTAL 4.2 4.1 4.0 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.63.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.14.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.7 4.9
T-TO-T 2.72.62.42.32.22.12.02.02.01.91.91.91.91.91.91.91.91.91.91.91.91.9
48. TOTAL 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.3 4.4
T-TO-T 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9
64. TOTAL 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.9
T-TO-T 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7
80. TOTAL 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.5
T-TO-T 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6
96. TOTAL 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.8 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2
T-TO-T 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6
120. TOTAL 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9
T-TO-T 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.S 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
ANSIIAGMA 55

A G H A 2000-A W Ob87575 0001089 T 4 3 W
Table 6-2
~ ~
414.5 TOTAL 32. 32. 32. 32. 32. 32. 32. 34.35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 41. 43. 45. 46. 47. 53. 57.
T-TO-T 5.6 5.2 5.0 4.7 4.4 4.2 4.0 3.93.8 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9
1.0 TOTAL 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 21.21. 22. 22. 23. 23. 24. 24. 25. 26. 26. 27. 28. 31. 33.
T-TO-T 4.7 4.4 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.33.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3
2.0 TOTAL 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. 14. IS. IS. 15. 15. 16. 16. 17. 17. 19. 20.
T-TO-T 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.82.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8
4.0 TOTAL 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.68.8 9.0 9.2 9.4 9.5 9.7 9.8 9.9 10. 11. 11. 11. 12. 13.
T-TO-T 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.42.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4
8.0 TOTAL 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.8. 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.9 7.0 7.2 7.3 7.8 8.2
T-TO-T 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.12.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
12. TOTAL 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.74.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 6.2 6.5
T-TO-T 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.91.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8
16. TOTAL 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.3 5.6
T-TO-T 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7
20. TOTAL 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.7 5.0
T-TO-T 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6
24. TOTAL 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.3 4.5
T-TO-T 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6
32. TOTAL 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.9
T-TO-T 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.6 3.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
40. TOTAL 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.5
T-TO-T 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4
48. TOTAL 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.2
T-TO-T 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3
64. TOTAL 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.8
T-TO-T 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
80. TOTAL 2.72.62.52.42.21.91.92.02.02.02.02.12.12.12.12.22.22.22.32.32.42.5
T-TO-T 1.71.61.51.41.31.31.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.2
96. TOTAL 2.62.52.42.32.01.81.81.81.81.91.91.91.9,2.02.02.02.02.12.12.12.22.3
T-TO-T 1.61.5 1.4 1.41.31.21.21.21.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
120. TOTAL 2.52.42.32.11.91.61.61.71.71.71.71.71.81.81.81.81.81.91.91.92.02.1
T-TO-T 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.31.2 1.1 1.1 1.1
1.1 1.1 1.1
1.1
1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
1.1
ANWAGMA 56 2000-A

AGHA 2000-A = Ob87575 O O O L O 9 O 765
Table 6-2
Total Composite Tolerance, F q ;~Tooth-To-Tooth Composite Tolerance, Vqr
Number of Teeth (hl); for Helical Gcus, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (Ni = Nlcos $)
Q Pitch Tolerance
No. Pnd Type
10 8 6 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 4844 52 56 60 70 9080 100 200
150
Q15 20. TOTAL 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.5
T-TO-T 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
24. TOTAL 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.2
T-TO-T 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
32. TOTAL 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.8
T-TO-T 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
40. TOTAL 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 .2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
T-TO-T 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
48. TOTAL 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3
T-TO-T 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1,O 1.0
64. TOTAL 2.3 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0
T-TO-T 1.3 1.2 1.1 I,] 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0 . 9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
80. TOTAL 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8
T-TO-T 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
96. TOTAL 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6
T-TO-T 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
120. TOTAL 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1,s
T-TO-T 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
ANSIIAGMA 2000-A88

A G M A 2000-A Ob87575 O O O L O 9 1 bTL D
Table 6-3
Tooth Thickness Tolerance, ( ?T)(All Tolerance Values in inches)
Tolerance Codes
Quality Diametral
Number Pitch A D B C
3 0.074 0.5
and 1.2 0.031
4 0.019 2.0
0.012 3.2
5 .o 0.0075
~~~~ ___
0.5 0.074
1.2 0.031
5 2.0
0.0093 0.019
0,006
3.2 0.012
0.0075 5.0 0.0037
8.0 0.005 0.0025 -
~ ~~~~~ ~
0.5 0.074
1.2 0.031
0.0093 0.019 2.0
3.2 0.012 0.006
6 5.0 0.0075 0.0037
8.0
0.0037 0.005
0.003 12.0 0.0018
20.0 0.0024 0.0012 0.0006
32.0 0.0016
0.00043 0.0008
0.5 0.074
1.2 0.031
0.019 2.0 0.0093 0.0048
3.2 0.012 0.006 0.003
5.0
7 8.0 0.005 0.0025 0.00125 0.00063
thru 12.0 0.003 0.0018 0.0009 0.00044
15 0.0024 0.0012 0.0006 0.0003
32.0 0.0016 0.0008 0.00043 0.0002
50 0.0012 0.0006 0.0003 0.00014
80 0.0008 0.00045 0.00022 0.0001 1
120 0.00067 0.00034 0.00017 0.00009

AGNA ~ O O O - A m 0687575 0 0 0 ~ 0 ~538
2
6.M MetricAccuracyToleranceTables The values are the total tolerance band width, in
for Gears the normal plane, of the tooth alignment trace.
6.2.4M ToothThicknessTolerance, tT.
6.1M Use of Metric Tables.The accuracy The tooth thickness tolerance as specified by the
tolerance tablesprovide direct reading of the AGMA Class Number is applied to the transverse
tolerance for selected modules, and a rangeof circular tooth thickness. If tooth thickness is .
stepped increments of adjusted number of teeth, specified by a single value, it is understood to be
t i , for a given gear. The values in the tables have the maximum value, and the tolerance is
been rounded in accordance with Section 5.3M. subtracted from it to obtain the minimum tooth
If any intermediate moduleor an intermediate thickness. The AGMA tooth thickness tolerance
adjusted number of teeth in the gear is involved, codes (A, B, C or D as listedinTable 6-3M)
the tolerance may be computed from the formulas should be applied separately from the selection of
given in Section 5M. AGMA Quality Number tolerances. In many
applications, allowing a largerrange of tooth
6.2hi Metric Accuracy Tolerances.
thickness tolerance or operating backlash will not
6.2.1M Accuracy ToleranceTables.The affect the performance or load capacity of highly
following tables are given for the selection of accurate gears, and mayallow moreeconomical
accuracy tolerances on spur and helicalgear manufacturing. A tight tooth thickness tolerance
teeth: should not be used unless absolutely necessary,
Table 6-1M - RadialRunout Tolerance, Vfl since it has a strong influence on manufacturing
Allowable Pitch Variation, V cost(see AGMA 231). -
PA
Profile Tolerance, V+T 6.2.5M Values in the Tolerance Tables.
The tolerance valuesspecifiedinTables 6-1M
Tooth Alignment Tolerance,
and 6-2M are in micrometers (F) whichwere
v*T formerly expressed asmicrons. The official SI unit
Table 6-2M - Tooth-To-ToothComposite specified in AGMA 600 for 0.00 1 millimeter
Tolerance, \T (0.000 001 meter) is micrometer. The conversion
Total Composite Tolerance, of one micrometer in inches is:
VCqT one micrometer (1 pm) = 0.000 039 37 inch

Table 6-3M - Tooth Thickness Tolerance, t T (rounded to 8 decimal places).
The tolerance valuesinTable 6-3M are in
6.2.2M Allowable PitchVariation, V millimeters (mm).
PA'
The allowable values of pitch variation in Table The module values forthe tolerance tables are
6M-1 are plus or minus allowances. preferred modulesselectedfrom AGMA 600,
6.2.3M Tooth Alignment Tolerance, V from 0.25 to 50 module.
ST
Tooth Alignment Tolerance (Formerly Total Lead The tablesprovide tolerances forgearsizes
Tolerance) is limited to 250 mm of face width. ranging from 6 through 200 teeth.

A G H A 2000-A H Ob87575 0001073 474 H
Table 6-1M
Element Tolerances
Runout Tolerance, V r ~
In Micrometers (F)
Number of Teeth (z); for Helical Gears. Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (zj = zlcos ß)
Q Module Tolerance
No. Mn Type
6 8 10 12
16
20
24
28
32 36 40
44
48
52
56
60
80 100 200
Q3 3.0 RUNOLJT 260 280 300 310 330 350 360 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 440 450 480 510 600
4.0 RUNOUT 320 340 360 380 410 430 450 460 480 490 500 520 530 540 550 550 590 630 740
6.0 RUNOUT 430 460 490 510 540 570 600 620 640 660 670 690 700 720 730 740 800 840 990
8.0 RUNOUT 530 570 600 620 670 700 740 760 790 810 830 850 870 880 900 910 980 1030 1220
12. RUNOLJT 710 760 800 830 890 940 980 1020 1050 1080
1110 1140 1160 1180 1200 1220 1310 1380 1630
20. RUNOUT 1020 1100 1160 1210 1290 1360 1420 1480 1520 1570 16101710
1640
1740 1680
1770 1890 2000 2350
25. RUNOUT 1200 1290 1360 1420 1520 1640 1670 1730 1790 1840 1890 1930 1970 2010 2040 2080 2220
50. RUNOUT 1980 2120 2240 2340 2500 2640 2750 2860 2950 3030 3110 3180 3250 3310 3370 3430
Q Module Tolerance
Number of Teeth (z); for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (ti = tlcos ß)
No. M Type
n 6 8 10 12 80
60
56
1652
48
44
40
36
32
28
24
20 100 200
Q4 3.0 RUNOUT 190 200 210 220 240 250 260 270 280 290 290 300 310 310 320 320 350 360 430
4.0 RUNOUT 230 250 260 270 290 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 380 390 400 420 450 530
6.0 RUNOUT 310 330 350 360 390 410 430 440 460 470 480 490 500 530 520 530 570 600 710
8.0 RUNOUT 380 410 430 450 480 500 530 550 560 580 590 610 620 630 640 650 700 740 870
12. RUNOUT 510 540 570 600 640 670 700 730 750 770 790 810 830 850 860 870 940 990 1160
20. RUNOUT 730 780 830 860 920 970 1020 1050 1090 1120 1150 1170 1200 1220 1240 1260 1350 1430 168
25. RUNOUT 860 920 970 1010 1080 I140 1190 1240 1280 1310 1350 1380 1410 1430 1460 1480 1590 1680 19
50. RUNOUT 1420 1520 1600 1670 1790 1880 1970 2040 2110 2170 2220 2270 2320 2370 2410 2450
Number of Teeth (z); for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (zj = COS ß)
Q Module Tolerance
No. Mn Type
68 10 12 16 20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
80 100 200
QS 3.0 RUNOUT 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 190 200 200 210 210 220 220 230 230 250 260 310
4.0 RUNOUT 170 180 190 190 210 220 230 240 240 250 260 260 270 270 280 280 300 320 380
6.0 RUNOUT 220 240 250 260 280 290 310 320 330 340 350 350 360 370 370 380 410 430 510
8.0 RUNOUT 270 290 310 320 340 360 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 500 530 620
12. RUNOUT 360 390 410 430 460 480 500 520 540 550 570 580 590 600 620 630 670 710 830
20. RUNOUT 520 560 590 620 660 700 730 750 780 800 820 840 860 870 890 900 970 1020 1200
25. RUNOUT 610 660 690 720 780 820 850 890 910 940 960 990 1010 1030 1040 1060 1140 1200 1410
50. RUNOUT 1010 1080 11401190 1280 1350 1410 1460 I510 1550 1590 1620 1660 1690 1720 1750 1870 19
ANWAGMA 60 2000-A88

A G H A 2000-A m Ob87575 00031094 300
Table 6-1M
Element Tolerances
Runout Tolerance, 4~; AIlowable Pitch Variation,
In Micrometers (W)
Number of Teeth (2); for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (zi = ricos 8)
Q Module Tolerance
No' Mn Type 6 8 1210 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 6056 80 100 200
4 6 1.25 RUNOUT 50. 54. 57. 59. 64. 67. 70. 73. 75.
77. 79. 81. 83. 84. 86. 87. 93. 98. 120
PITCH+/- 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 28. 28. 29. 30. 31. 31. 32. 33. 33. 33. 35. 37. 41.
1.50 RUNOUT 58. 62. 65. 68. 73.

77. 80. 83. 86. 88. 90. 92. 94. 96. 98. 99. 110 110 130
PITCH+/- 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 30. 31. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 35. 35. 36. 38. 39. 44.
2.0 RUNOUT 71.76. 80. 83. 89. 94. 98. 100 110 110 110 120 120 120 120 120 130 140 160
PITCH+/- 27. 28. 29. 30. 32. 33.
34.
35.
36. 37, 37. 38. 39. 39. 40. 40. 42. 44. 50.
3.0 RUNOUT 95. 100 110 130 120 130 130 140 140 150 150 150 160 160 160 170 180 190 220
PITCH+/- 32. 33. 35.
36, 37. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
46.
46.
47, 47. 50. 52. 59.
4.0 RUNOUT 120 130 130 140 150 160 160 170 180 180 180 190 190 200 200 200 220 230 270
PITCH+/- 35. 37. 39. 40.
42.
44.
45. 46. 48. 49.
49. 50. 51. 52. 52. 53. 56. 58. 66.
6.0 RUNOUT 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 230 240 250
250 260 260 270 270 290 310 360
PITCH+/- 42.
44.
46. 47. 49. 51. 53. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 62. 66. 68. 77.
8.0 RUNOUT 190 210 220 230 240 260 270 280 290 300 300 310 320 320 330 330 360 380 440
PITCH+/- 47. 49. 51. 53. 55. 58. 60. 61. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70.
74.
77. 87.
12. RUNOUT 260 280 290 310 330 340 360 370 390 400 410 420 420 430 440 450 480 500 590
PITCH+/- 55. 58. 60. 62. 65. 68. 70. 72. 74. 75. 77. 78, 79. 80. 81. 82. 87. 90. 100
16. RUNOUT 320 340 360380
400 420 440 460 470 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 590 620 730
PITCH+/- 62. 65. 67. 70. 73. 76. 79. 81. 83. 84. 86. 87. 89. 90. 91. 92. 97. 100 120
20. RUNOUT 370 400 420 440 470 500 520 540 560 570 590 600 610 620 640
650 690 730 860
PITCH+/- 67. 71. 74. 76. 80. 83. 86. 88. 90.
92. 94. 96. 97. 99. 100 100 110 110 130
25. RUNOUT 440470

500
520 550 580 610 630 650 670 690 700 720
730 750 760 810 860 1010
PITCH+/- 74. 77. 81. 83. 87. 91.
94.
97.
99. 100 100 110 110 110 110 110 120 120 140
50. RUNOUT 720770820850 910 960 1010 1040 1080 1110 1130 1160 1190 1210 1230 1250 1340 1410 1660
PITCH+/- 97. 100 110 110 120 120 130 130 130 140 140 140 140 140 150 150 160 160 180

AGflA 2000-A Ob87575 0001095 247
Table 6-1M
Element Tolerances
Runout Tolerance, V r ;~Allowable Pitch Variation, VpA
In Micrometers (W)
0 Module Tolerance
Number of Teeth (z); for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (li = rlcos ß)
No. Mn Type
6 8 10 12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60 80 100
200
Q 7 1.25 RUNOUT 36. 39. 41. 43. 46. 48. 50. 52. 54. 55. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 67. 70. 83.
PITCH+/- 16. 17. 17. 18. 19. 19. 20. 21. 21. 22. 22. 22. 23. 23. 23. 24. 25. 26. 29.
1.50 RUNOUT 41. 44. 46. 49. 52. 55. 57. 59. 61. 63. 65. 66. 67. 69. 70. 71. 76. 80. 95.
PITCH+/- 17. 18. 19. 19. 20. 21. 22. 22. 23. 23. 24. 24. 24. 25. 25. 25. 27. 28. 31.
2.0 RUNOUT 51. 54. 57. 60. 64. 67. 70. 73. 75. 77. 79. 81. 83. 85. 86. 87. 94. 99. 120
PITCH+/- 19.20.21.21.23.23.24.25. 25. 26.26.27.27.28.28.28.30.31.35.
3.0 RUNOUT 68.73.77. 80. 86. 90.94.98.100110110110110110120120130130160
PITCH+/- 22.23.24.25.26.28.28.29. 30. 31.31.32.32.33.33.33.35.37.41.
4.0 RUNOUT 83.89.94.98.110 110 120 120 130 130 130 140 140 140 140 150 160 160 190
PITCH+/- 25.26.27.28.30.31.32.33.34. 34. 35.35.36.37.37.37.39. 41. 46.
6.0 RUNOUT 110 120 130 130 140 150 160 160 170 170 180 180 180 190 190 190 210 220 260
PITCH+/- 29. 31. 32. 33. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39, 40. 41. 42. 42. 43. -43. 44. 46. 48. 54.
8.0 RUNOUT 140 150 160 160 180 180 190 200 210 210 220 220 230 230 240 240 260 270 320
PITCH+/- 33.35.36.37.39.41.42.43.44.45.46.47.47.48.49.49.52.54.61.
12. RUNOUT 190 200 210 220 230 250 260 270 280 280 290 300 300 310 310 320 340 360 430
PITCH+/- 39.41.42.44.46.48.49.51.52.53.54. 55. 56.57.57. 58. 61.64.72.
16. RUNOUT 230 240 260 270 290 300 320 330 340 350 360 370 370 380 390 390 420 440 520
PITCH+/- 43.46.47.49.52.54. 55. 57. 58. 60.61.62.63.64.64.65.69.71. 81.
20. RUNOUT 270 290 300 320 340 360 370 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 450 460 490 520 610
PITCH+/- 47. 50. 52.54.56.59.61.62.64.65.66.67.68.69.70.71.75.78. 88.
25. RUNOUT 310 340 350 370 400 420 440 450 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 580 610 720
PITCH+/- 52. 55. 57.59.62.64.66.68.70.71.72.74.75.76.77.78.82. 85. 96.
50. RUNOUT 520 550 580 610 650 690 720 750 770 790 810 830 850 860 880 890 960 1010 1190
PITCH+/- 68.72.75.77.81. 85. 87.90.92.94.96.97.99. 100 1 0 0 100 110 110 130
ANSUAGMA 62

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 000109b L83 m
Table 6-1M
Element Tolerances
RunoutTolerance, V r ;~AllowablePitchVariation, ; ProfdeTolerance, BT
In Micrometers (F)
Q Module Tolerance Number of Teeth (I);for Helical G e a r s , Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (zj= rlcos ß)
No* M n 6 8 10 12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
80 100 200
Q8 1.25 RUNOUT 26. 28. 29. 30. 33. 34. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 48. 50. 59.
PITCH+/- Il. 12. 12. 13. 13. 14. 14. 15. 15. 15. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 17. 18. 18, 21.
PROFILE 12. 13. 13. 14. 14. 15. 15. 16. 16. 16. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 18. 18, 19. 21.
1.50 RUNOUT 29. 32. 33. 35. 37. 39. 41. 42. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 54, 57. 68.
PITCH+/- 12. 13. 13. 14. 14. 15. 15. 16. 16. 16. 17. 17. 17. 17. 18. 18. 19. 20. 22.
PROFILE 14. 14. IS. IS. 16. 17. 17. 17. 18. 18. 18. 19. 19. 19. 19. 20. 20. 21. 24.
2.0 RUNOUT 36.39.41.43.46.48. 50. 52.54. 55. 57. 58. 59.60.61.63.67.71.83.
PITCH+/- 13.14. 15. 15. 16.17.17. 18. 18. 18. 19.19.19.20.20.20.21.22.25.
PROFILE 16.17. 18. 18. 19.20..20.21.21.21.22.22.22.23.23.23.24.25.28.
3.0 RUNOUT 48.52. 55. 57.61.64.67.70.72.74.76.78.79.81.82.84.90.94. 110
PITCH+/- 16.17.17.18.19.19.20.21.21.22.22.22.23.23.23.24.25.26.29.
PROFILE 21.22.22.23.24.25.26.26.27.27.28.28. 28. 29.29.29.31.32.35.
4.0 RUNOUT 60.64.67.70.75.79. 83. 86.89.91.94.96.98. lop 100 100 110120140
PITCH+/- 18.19.19.20.21.22.23.23.24.24.25.25.25.26.26.26.28.29,33.
PROFILE 24.26.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.32.33.33. 34. 34.34.35.36.38.42.
6.0 RUNOUT .SO. 85. 90. 94. 100 110 110 120 120 120 130 130 130 140 140 140 150 160 190
PITCH+/- 21.22.23.23.25.26.26.27:28.28.29.29.30.30.31.31.33,34,38.
PROFILE 31.32.33.34.36.37.38.39.40.41.41.42.43.43,44.44.46.48. 53.
8.0 RUNOUT 98. 110 110 120 130 130 140 140 150 150 160 160 160 I70 170 170 180 190 230
PITCH+/- 23.24.25.26.28.29.30.30.31.32.32.33.33.34.34.35.37.38.43.
PROFILE 37. 38. 40. 41. 43. 44. 45. 46. 50. 47.50.48.
51. 49.
52. 52. 55. 56. 63. 100 34.
12. RUNOUT 130 140 150 160 170 180 180 190 200 200 210 210 220 220 230 230 250 260 300
PITCH+/- 27.29.30.31.32.34.35.36.37.37.38.39.39.40.40.41.43.45. 51.
PROFILE 46.49. 50. 52.54.56.57.59.60.61.62.63.64.65.65.66.69.72. 80.
16. RUNOUT 160 180 180 190 210 220 230 240 240 250 260 260 270 270 280 280 300 320 370
PITCH+/- 31.32.34.35.36. 38. 39.40.41.42.43.43.44.45.45.46.48. 50. 57.
PROFILE 55. 57.59.61.64.66.68.70.71.72.74. 75. 76.77. 78. 78. 82. 85. 94.
20. RUNOUT 190 210 220 230 240 250 270 280 280 290 300 310 310 320 330 330 350 370 440
PITCH+/- 33.35.37.38.40.41.43.44.45.46.47.48.48.49. 50. 50. 53. 55. 62.
PROFILE 63.66.68.70.73.75.78.79. 81. 83.84. 85. 86.87.88.89.93.97, 110
25. RUNOUT 230 240 250 270 280 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 370 380 390 420 440 520
PITCH+/- 37.38.40.41.43. 45. 47.48.49. 50. 51.52.53.54.54. 55. 58. 60.68.
PROFILE 71. 75. 77. 80. 83.86. 88. 91.92.94.96.97.98.100 100 100 110 110120
50. RUNOUT 370 400 420 440 470 490 510 530 550 570 580 590 610 620 630 640 680 720 850
PITCH+/- 48. 51.53. 55. 57.60.62.63.65.66.67.69.70. 71. 72.72.76.79.90.
PROFILE 110 110 120 120 130 1 3 0 130 140 140 140 150 150 150 150 150 150 160 170 J90

QS FACEWIDTH 1 25 30 40 50 60 80 125
100 150 250
200
TOLERANCE
45.
39.
34.
29.
23.
20.
17.
14.
13.
13. 55. 65.
ANWAGMA 63
2000-A
Table 6-1M
Element Tolerances
RunoutTolerance, V r ;~AllowablePitchVariation, ; ProfileTolerance,
In Micrometers (W)
Q Module Tolerance
Number of Teeth (2); for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (zi = dcos ß)
No. Mn Type
68 10 12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
80
100
200
Q 9 1.25 RUNOUT 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 25. 26. 27. 27. 28. 29. 30. 30. 31. 31. 32. 34. 36. 42.
PITCH+/- 7.7 8.1 8.5 8.7 9.2 9.6 9.9 10. 11. 11, 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 13. 15.
PROFILE 8.7 9.1 9.5 9.7 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 13. 13. 13. 14. 15.
1.50 RUNOUT 21.23.24.25.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.34.35.36.36.39.41.48.
PITCH+/- 8.3 8.7 9.1 9.4 9.9 10. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 13. 13. 13. 14. 16.
PROFILE 9.7 10. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. 14. 15. 15. 17.
2.0 RUNOUT 26.28.29.31.33.34.36.37.39.40.41.42.42.43.44.45.48. 50. 59.
PITCH+/- 9.39.810. 11. 11. 12.12.12.13.13.13.13.14.14.14.14.15.16.18.
PROFILE 12.12.13. 13. 14.14.14.15.15.15.16.16.16.16.16.17.17.18.20.
3.0 RUNOUT 35.37.39.41.44,46.48.50.52.53.54.56.57.58.59.60.64.68. 80.
PITCH+/- 11. 12.12.13.13.14.14. 15. 15. IS. 16.16.16.16.16.17.18.18.21.
PROFILE 15.15.16.16.17.18.18.19.19.19.20.20.20.21.21.21.22.23.25.
4.0 RUNOUT 43.46.48.50.54.57.59.61.63.65.67.68.70.71,72.74.79.83.98.
PITCH+/- 12. 13. 14. 14. 15. 15. 16. 16. 17. 17. 17. 18. 18. 18. 18. 19. 20. 20. 23.
PROFILE 18. 18. 19. 19. 20. 21, 22. 22. 23. 23. 23. 24. 24. 24. 25. 25. 26. 27. 30.
6.0 RUNOUT 57. 61. 64. 67, 72. 76. 79. 82. 85. 87. 90. 92. 93. 95. 97. 99. 110 110 130
PITCH+/- 15. 15. 16. 17. 17. 18. 19. 19. 20. 20, 20. 21. 21. 21. 22. 22. 23. 24. 27.
PROFILE 22.23.24.25.26.27.27.28.29.29.30.30.30.31.31.32.33.34.38.
8.0 RUNOUT 70.75.79.83.89.93.98.100110110110110120120120120130140160
PITCH+/- 16.17.18.19.20.20.21.22.22.22.23.23.24.24.24.25.26.27.30.
PROFILE 26.27.28.29. 30. 32.32.33.34.34.35.36.36.36.37.37.39.40.45.
12. RUNOUT 94. 100 110 110 120 130 130 140 140 150 150 150 160 160 160 160 180 190 220
PITCH+/- 19.20.21.22.23.24.25.25.26.26.27.27.28.28.29.29.30.32.36.
PROFILE 33.35.36.37.39.40.41.42.43,44.44.45.46.46.47.47.49. 51. 57.
16. RUNOUT 120 130 130 140 150 160 160 170 170 180 180 190 190 200 200 200 220 230 270
PITCH+/- 22.23.24.24.26.27.28.28.29. M. M. 31.31.32.32.32.34.35.40.
PROFILE 39.41.43.44.46.47.49.50.51.52.53.53.54. 55. 55. 56.59.61.67.
20. RUNOUT 140 150 160 160 170 180 190 200 200 210 220 220 220 230 230 240 250 270 310
PITCH+/- 24. 25.26.27.28.29. M. 31.32.32.33.34.34.35.35.35.37.39.44.
PROFILE 45.47.49. 50. 52.54. 55. 57.58.59.60.61.62.62.63.64.67.69.77.
25. RUNOUT 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 250 260 260 270 -270 280 300 310 370
PITCH+/- 26.27.28.29.31.32.33. 34. 35.35.36.37,37.38.38.39.41.42.48.
PRORLE 51.53.55.57.59.61.63.65.66.67.68.69.70.71.72.73.76.79.88.
SO. RUNOUT 260 280 300 310 330 350 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 490 520 610
PITCH+/- 34. 36.37.38.40.42.43.45.46.47.48.48.49. 50. 50.51.54.56.63.
PROFILE 77. 80.83. 85. 89.92.95.97.99.100100110110110110110120120130
Tooth Alignment Tolerance (Lead), WT

Q9 FACEWIDTH 1 250
25
200
150
125
100
80
30605040
TOLERANCE
53.
45.
37.
32.
27. 10.
23.
19.
17.
14.
12.
10.
ANSIIAGMA
""
64 2000-A88

A G H A 2000-A D O b 8 7 5 7 5 OOOL098 T 5 6 D
Table 6-1M
Element Tolerances
Runout Tolerance, l $ ;~Allowable Pitch Variation, VpA ; Profile Tolerance, bT
In Micrometers (W)
Q Module Tolennce
Number of Teeth (z); for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (zi = zlcos ß)
No. Mn Type
68 10 12
16 20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
80
100
200
10 1.25 RUNOUT 13. 14. 15, 16. 17. 18. 18. 19. 20. 20. 21. 21. 22. 22. 22. 23. 24. 26. 30.
PITCH+/- 5.4 5.7 6.0 6.2 6.5 6.7 7.0 7.2 7.3 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.6 9.0 10.
PROFILE 6.2 6.5 6.8 7.0 7.3 7.5 7.7 7.9 8.1 8.2 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 9.3 9.6 11.
1.50 RUNOUT 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 22. 23. 24. 24. 25. 25. 26, 26. 28. 29. 35.
PITCH+/- 5.9 6.2 6.4 6.6 7.0 7.2 7.5 7.7 7.9 8.0 8.2 8.3 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 9.3 9.6 11.
PROFILE 7.0 7.3 7.5 7.7 8.1 8.4 8.6 8.8 9.0 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 11. I I . 12.
2.0 RUNOUT 19.20.21.22.23.25.26.27.28.28.29. 30. 30.31.31.32. 34. 36.43.
PITCH+/- 6.66.97.27.47.88.18.48.68.89.09.29.39.59.69.89.9 11. 11. 12.
PROFILE 8.28.68.99.29.69.910. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12.12.12.12.12.13.14.
3.0 RUNOUT 25.27.28.29.31.33.34.36.37.38.39.40.41.41.42.43.46.48.57.
PITCH+/- 7.78.18.58.79.29.69.910. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12.12.12.12.13.15.
PROFILE 11. 11. 11. 12.12.13.13.13.14.14.14.14.15.15.15. 15. 16.16.18.
4.0 RUNOUT 31.33.34.36.38.41.42.44.45.47.48.49.SO.51..52.53.56.59.70.
PITCH+/- 8.79.19.59.810. 11. I l . 12.12.12.12. 13. 13.13.13.13.14.14.16.
PROFILE 13.13.14.14. IS. 15.16.16.16.16.17.17.17.17. 18. 18.19.19.21.
6.0 RUNOUT 41.44.46.48.51.54.57.59.61.62.64.65.67.68.69.70.75.80.94.
PITCH+/- IO. 11. 11. 12. 12. 13.13.14.14.14.14. 15. IS. 15.15.16.16.17.19.
PROFILE 16.17. 17. 18.18.19.20.20.21.21.21.22.22.22.22.23.24.24,27.
8.0 RUNOUT 50.54.57.59.63.67.70.72.75.77.79.81.82.84.85.87.93.98.120
PITCH+/- 12.12.13.13.14.14.. 15.15. 16.16.16.16.17.17. 17. 17.18.19.21.
PROFILE 19.20.20.21.22.23.23.24.24.25.25.25.26.26.26.27.28.29.32.
12. RUNOUT 67. 72. 76.79.85.89.93.97.100 100 110110110110120120130130160
PITCH+/- 14.14.15.15.16.17.17.18.18.19.19.19.20.20.20. 20. 21.22.25.
PROFILE 24.25.26.26.28.29.29. 30. 31.31.32.32.33.33.33.34.35.37.41.
16. RUNOUT 83.89.93.97.110110120120120130130130140140140140150160190
PITCH+/- 15.16.17.17.18.19.19.20.20.21.21.22.22.22.23.23.24.25.28.
PROFILE 28.29. H). 31.33. 34. 35.36.36.37.38. 38. 39.39.40.40.42.43.48.
20. RUNOUT 97. 110 110 120 120 130 140 140 150 150 150 160 160 160 170 170 180 190 230
PITCH+/- 17.18.18.19.20.21.21.22.22.23.23.24.24.24.25.25.26.27.31.
PROFILE 32. 34. 35.36.37.39.40.41.41.42.43.44.44.45.45.46.48.49.55.
25. RUNOUT 120 120 130 140 150 150 160 170 170 180 180 180 190 190 200 200 210 220 260
PITCH+/- 18.19.20.21.22.23.23.24.24.25.25.26.26.27.27.27.29.30.34.
PROFILE 37.38.40.41.43.44.45.46.47.48.49.50.50.51.52.52.54.56.63.
M. RUNOUT 190 200 210 220 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 Mo 310 320 320 330 350 370 430
PITCH+/- 24. 25.26.27.29. U). 31.31.32.33. 34.34. 35.35.36.36.38.39.45.
PROFILE 55. 57. 59.61.64.66.68. 70. 71.72.73.75.76.77.77.78.82.85.94.
Tooth Alignment Tolerance (Lead), l + + ~

QlO PACEWIDTH 1 25 U) 40 50 60 80 100 250
200
150
125
TOLERANCE
43.
37.
30.
26.
22.
19.
15.
14.
12.
9.3
8.2
8.2

Table 6-1M
Element Tolerances
Runout Tolerance, I$.* ; Allowable Pitch Variation, VpA ; Profile Tolerance,
In Micrometers (v)
Number of Teeth (2); for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (ti = COS ß)
Q Module Tolerance
No* Mn Type 6
8 10 12
16 20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
80 100 200
11 1.25 RUNOUT 9.4 10. 11. 11. 12. 33. 13. 14. 14. IS. 15. 15. 16. 16. 16. 16. 18. 18. 22.
PITCH+/- 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.6 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 6.1 6.3 7.1
PROFILE 4.5 4.7 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.5 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.7 6.9 7.7
1.50 RUNOUT 11. 12. 12. 13. 14. 14. 15. 16. 16. 17. 17. 17. 18. 18. 18. 19. 20. 21. 25.
PITCH+/- 4.1 4.3 4.5 4.7 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.4 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.06.0 6.1 6.2 6.5 6.8 7.7
PROFILE 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.5 5.8 6.0 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.7 6.8 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.4 7.7 8.5
2.0 RUNOUT 13.14.15.16.17.18.18.19.20.20.21.21.22.22.23.23.25.26.30.
PITCH+/- 4.64.95.15.25.55.75.96.16.26.46.56.66.76.86.97.07.37.68.6
PROFILE 5.96.26.46.66.87.17.37.57.67.87.98.08.18.28.38.48.89.110.
3.0 RUNOUT 18.19.20.21.22.24.25.26.26.27.28.28.29,30. 30. 31.33.35.41.
PITCH+/- 5,s5.76.06.26.56.77.07.27.37.57.67.77.98.08.18.28.69.0 10.
PROFILE 7.57.88.18.38.79.09.29.59.79.8 10. 10. 10. 11. Il. 11. 11. 12. 13.
4.0 RUNOUT 22.23.25.26.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.35.36.36.37.38.40.42.50.
PITCH+/- 6.16.46.76.97.37.67.88.08.28.48.58.78.89.09.19.29.7 10. 12,
PROFILE 8.89.29.69.8 10. 11. 11. 11. 12.12.12.12.12.13.13. 13.13. 14.15.
6.0 RUNOUT 29.31.33.34.37.39.41.42.43.45.46.47.48.49.50.50.54.57.67.
PITCH+/- 7.27.67.98.18.68.99.29.49.79.9 10. 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12.12.14.
PROFILE Il. 12.12. 13. 13.14.14. 14. IS.15. IS. 15.16.16.16.16.17.17.19.
8.0 RUNOUT 36.38.41.42.45.48.50.52.53.55.56.58.59.60.61.62.66.70.82.
PITCH+/- 8.18.58.89.19.6 10. 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12.12.12.12.12.13.13. 15.
PROFILE 13. 14.15.IS.16.16.17.17.17.18.18.18.18.19.19.19.20.21.23.
12. RUNOUT 48.51.54.57.61.64.67.69.71.74.75.77.79.80.82.83.89.94. 110
PITCH+/- 9.5 10. 11. 11. 11. 12.12.13.13. 13. 13.14.14.14.14.14.IS.16.18.
PROFILE 17.18.18.19.20.20.21.22.22.22.23.23.23.24.24.24.25.26.29.
16. RUNOUT 59.63.67.70.75.79.82.85.88.90.93.95.97.99. 100 100 110 120140
PITCH+/- I I . 11. 12.12.13.13.14.14.14.15.IS. IS. 16.16.16.16.17.18.20.
PROFILE 20.21.22.22.23.24.25.26.26.27.27.27.28.28.28.29.30.31.34.
20. RUNOUT 69.74.78.82.88.92.96. 100 110 110 110 110 120 120 120 120 130 140 160
PITCH+/- 12.12.13.13.14.IS.IS.15.16.16.16.17.17.17.17.18.19.19.22.
PROFILE 23.24.25.26.27.28.28.29.30.30.31.31.32.32.32.33. 34. 35.39.
25. RUNOUT 82.87.92.96. 100 110 120 120 120 130 130 130 140 140 140 140 150 160 190
PITCH+/- 13.14.14.15.15.16.16.17.17.18.18.18.19.19.19.19.20.21.24.
PROFILE 26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.34.35.36.36.36,37.37.39.40.45.
50. RUNOUT 140 150 150 160 170 180 190 200 200 210 210 220 220 230 230 230 250 260 310
PITCH+/- 17.18.19.19.20.21.22.22.23.23.24.24.24.25.25.25.27.28.31.
PROFILE 39.41.42.44.46.47.49. SO. 51.52.53.53.54.55.55.56.58.60.67
Tooth Alignment.Tolerance (Lead), V$T

Q 11 FACEWIDTH 1 25 30 50
40 60 80 1 0 0 250
200
150
125
TOLERANCE 9.2
7.56.66.6 34.
29.
24.
11. 21.
18.
15.
12.

A G M A 2000-A Ob87575 O O O L L O O 434 m
Table 6-1M
Element Tolerances
Runout Tolerance, V r ;~Allowable Pitch Variation, VpA ; Profde Tolerance,
In Micrometers (W)
Number of Teeth (z); for Helical bus, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (zi = s/cos ß)
Q Module Tolerance
No' Mn T
YP 68 10
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48'
52
56
60 80 100
200
12 1.25 RUNOUT 6.7 7.2 7.6 7.9 8.5 8.9 9.3 9.7 10. 10. 11. Il. 11. 11. 12, 12. 13. 13. 16.
PITCH+/- 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.3 4.4 5.0
PROFILE 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.8 4.9 5.5
1.50 RUNOUT 7.6 8.2 8.6 9.0 9.6 10. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 12. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. IS. 18.
PITCH+/- 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.4
PROFILE 3.6 3.7 3.8 4.0 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.3 5.5 6.1
2.0 RUNOUT 9.410. 11. 11. 12.13.13.14.14. 15. 15.15.16.16.16.16.18.19.22.
PITCH+/- 3.33.43.63.73.94.04.24.34.44.54.64.64.74.84.84.95.25.46.1
PROFILE 4.24.44.64.74.95.15.25.35.45.55.65.75.85.95.96.06.36.57.2
3.0 RUNOUT 13.14.14.15.16.17.18.18.19.19.20.20.21.21.22.22.23.25.29.
PITCH+/- 3.84.04.24.34.64.84.95.05.25.35.45.55.55.65.75.86.16.37.1
PROFILE 5.35.65.85.96.26.46.66.86.97.07.17.37.47.47.57.6 8.0 8.29.2
4.0 RUNOUT 16.17.18.18.20.21.22.23.23.24.24.25.26.26;27.27.29. 30. 36.
PITCH+/- 4.34.54.74.95.15.35.55.75.85.96.06.16.26.36.46.56.87.1 8.0
PROFILE 6.36.66.87.07.47.67.88.08.28.38.58.68.78.88.99.09.49.7 11.
6.0 RUNOUT 21.22.24.25.26.28.29.30.31.32.33.33.34.35.35.36.39, 41. 48.

PITCH+/- 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.7 6.0 6.3 6.5 6.7 6.8 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 8.0 8.3 9.4
PROFILE 8.0 8.4 8.7 8.9 9.3 9.7 9.9 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 13. 14.
8.0 RUNOUT 26.28.29.30.32. 34. 36.37.38.39.40.41.42.43.44.44.47.50.59.
PITCH+/- 5.76.06.26.46.87.07.37.57.67.87.98.18.2 8.3 8.48.59.09.3 11.
PROFILE 9.59.910. 11. 11. 12.12.12.12.13.13.13.13.13.14.14.14.15.16.
12. RUNOUT 34.37.39.41.43.46.48.50.51.53.54.55.56.57.58.59.64.67.79.
PITCH+/- 6.77.07.37.6 8.0 8.38.58.89.09.29.39.59.79.89.910. 11. 11. 13.
PROFILE 12.13.13.14.14.15.15. 15. 16.16.16.17.17.17.17.17.18.19.21.
16. RUNOUT 42.45.48.50.53.56.59.61.63.65.66.68.69.71.72.73.78.82.97.
PITCH+/- 7.57.98.28,s8.99.39.69.810.10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12.13.14.
PROFILE 14.15.16.16.17.17.18.18.19.19.19.20.20.20.20.21.21.22.25.
20. RUNOUT 50.53.56,58.63.66.69.72.74.76.78.80.81.83.84.86.92.97.320
PITCH+/- 8.28.69.09.39.810. 11. 11.11. 11, 12.12.12.12.12.13.13.14. 15.
PROFILE 16.17.18.18.19.20.20.21.21.22.22.22.23.23.23.23.24.25.28.
25. RUNOUT 58.62.66.69.74.78.81.84.87.89.91.94.95.97.99.100110120140
PITCH+/- 9.09.49.810. 11. 11. 12.12.12.12.13.13.13.13.13.14.14. 15. 17.
PROFILE 19.20.20.21.22.23.23.24.24.25.25.25.26.26.26.27.28.29.32.
50. RUNOUT 96. 100 110 110 120 130 140 140 140 150 150 160 160 160 160 170 180 190 220
PITCH+/- 12.13.13.14.14.15.15.16.16.16.17.17.17.18.18, 18. 19.20.22.
PROFILE 28.29. M. 31.33. U . 35.36.36.37, 38. 38.39.39.40.40.42.43.48.
Tooth Alignment Tolerance(Lead), T

Q12 FACEWIDTH 1 25 30 JO M 8060 100 250
200
150
125
TOLERANCE
28.
23.
19.
17.
14.
12.
9.8
8.6
7.3
6.0
5.3
5.3
ANSIIAGMA 67 2000-A88 ,

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 O O O l l O l 370 m
Table 6-1M
Element Tolerances
Runout Tolerance, V,, ; Allowable Pitch Variation, VpA ; Profile Tolerance, bT
In Micrometers (W)
Number of Teeth (2); for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (zi = zlcos ß)
Q Module Tolerance
No. Mn Type
6 8161210 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 80 100 200
131.25 RUNOUT 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.6 6.0 6.46.7 6.9 7.1 7.3 7.5 7.7 7.8 8.0 8.1 8.3 8.9 9.3 11.
PITCH+/- 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4
2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.5
PROFILE 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.8
2.8 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.9
1.50 RUNOUT 5.55.8
6.2
6.4
6.9
7.3
7.6
7.9
8.1
8.4
8.6
8.8
8.9
9.1
9.3
9.4 10.
11.
13
PITCH+/- 2.1 2.2 2 . 3 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1
3.2 3.4 3.8
PROFILE 2.5 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.6 3 . 6 . 3.8 3.9 4.4
2.0 RUNOUT 6.77.2
7.6
7.9
8.5
8.9
9.3 ' 9.7
10.
10.
11.
11.
11.
11.
12.
12.
13.
13.
16.
PITCH+/- 2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.9
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.8
4.3
PROFILE 3.0 3.2 3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.0
4.0
4.1
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.3
4.5
4.6
5.2
3.0 RUNOUT 9.09.6
10. 11.
12.
13.
14.
14.
15.
15.
IS.
16.
17.
18.
21.
PITCH+/- 2.7
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.9
4.0
4.0
4.1
4.3
4.5
5.0
PROFILE 3.8
4.0
4.1
4.3
4.4
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.3
5.4
5.4
5.7
5.9
6.5
4.0 RUNOUT 11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
18.
19.
-19.
19.
21.
22.
26.
PITCH+/- 3.0
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.6
3.8
3.9
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.8
5.0
5.6
PROFILE 4.5
4.7
4.9
5.0
5.3
5.4
5.6
5.7
5.8
6.0
6.1
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.4
6.7 7.0 7.7
6.0 RUNOUT 15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
22.
23.
23.
24.
24.
25.
25.
26.
28.
29.
34.
PITCH+/- 3.6
3.8
3.9 4.0 4.3
4.4
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.6
5.9
6.6
PROFILE 5.7
6.0
6.2
6.4
6.7
6.9
7.1
7.3
7.4
7.6 7.7 7.8
7.9
8.0
8.1
8.2
8.5
8.8
9.8
8.0 RUNOUT 18.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24. 26. 26.
27.
28.
29.
29.
30.
31. 31. 32. 34. 36. 42.
PITCH+/- 4.0
4.2
4.4
4.5
4.8
5.0
5.1
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.9
6.0
6.3
6.6
7.4
PROFILE 6.8
7.1
7.3
7.6
7.9
8.2
8.4
8.6
8.8
8.9
9.1
9.2
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7 10.
11. 12.
12. RUNOUT 25.
26.
28.
29. 31. 33. 34. 35.
37.
38.
39.
39.
40.
41.
42.
42.
45.
48.
56.
PITCH+/- 4.7
5.0
5.2
5.3
5.6
5.8
6.0
6.2
6.3
6,s
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9 7.0 7.1
7.4 7.7 8.8
PROFILE 8.6 9.0 9.3 9.6 10. 11. 11. 11.
12.
12.
12.
12.
13. 13. 15.
16. RUNOUT M . 32. 34. 36. 38.
40.
42.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
56.
59.
69.
PITCH+/- 5.3
5.6
5.8
6.0
6.3
6.5
6.8
6.9
7.1
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
8.4
8.7
9.8
PROFILE 10.
11.
12.
12.
13.
13.
14.
14.
14.
15.
15.
16.
18.
20. RUNOUT 36. 38. 40. 42.
45.
47.
49. 51. 53. 54.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
66.
69.
82.
PITCH+/- 5.8
6.1
6.3
6.5
6.9
7.2
7.4
7.6
7.8
7.9
8.18.2
8.3
8.5
8.6
8.7
9.1
9.5 11.
PROFILE 12.
12.
13.
13.
14.
14.
15.
15.
15.
16.
16.
16.
16.
16.
17.
17.
18.
18.
20.
25. RUNOUT 42.
45.
47.
49.
53. S5. 58.
60.
62. 64. 65.
67.
68.
70.
71.
72.
77.
81.
96.
PITCH+/- 6.3
6.7
6.9
7.1
7.5
7.8
8.1
8.3
8.5
8.7
8.8
9.0
9.1
9.3
9.4
9.5
10.
11.
12.
PROFILE 13.
14.
15.
IS.
16.
16.
17.
17.
17.
18.
18.
18.
18,
19.
19.
19. 20. 21.
23.
SO. RUNOUT 69. 73. 77. 81. 87.
91.
95.
99. 100 110 110 110 110
120 I20 120 130 140 160
PITCH+/- 8.3 8.8
9.1
9.4
9.9 10. 11.
11.
11.
12.
12.
12.
12.
12.
13.
13.
13.
14.
16.
PROFILE 20. 21. 22. 22.
23.
24.
25.
25.
26.
26.
27.
27.
28.
28.
28.
29. 30. 31. 34.
Tooth Alignment Tolerance (Lead), 4,

Q13 FACEWIDTH M 25 1 $0 SO 60 80 100 125 150 200 250
TOLERANCE
9.67.86.8S.84.74.24.2 22. 19. 15. 13. 11.
ANWAGMA 68 2000-A88
-
A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 O O O L L O 2 207 m
Table 6-1M
Element Tolerances
RunoutTolerance, V,, ; Allowable Pitch Variation, ; Profie Tolerance, 5~
In Micrometers (pm)
Number of Teeth (I);for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (zi = rlcos ß)
Q Module Tolerance
No. Ma Tw 10 8 6 12 16 20 2824 32 36 40 U 5248 56 60 80 100 200
141.25 RUNOUT 3.4 3.7 3.9 4.0 4.3 4.6 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.2 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.3 6.7 7.9
PITCH+/- 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.5
PROFILE 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.8
1.50 RUNOUT 3.9 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.9 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.1 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 7.2 7.6 9.0
PITCH+/- 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.7
PROFILE 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.1
2.0 RUNOUT 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.7 6.1 6.4
6.7
6.9
7.1
7.3 7.5 7.7 7.9
8.0
8.2
8.3
8.9
9.4 11.
PITCH+/- 1.6
1.7
1.8
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.6
2.7
3.0
PROFILE 2.2
2.3
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.9
2.9
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.1
3.2 3.3
3.7
3.0 RUNOUT 6.46.9
7.3
7.6
8.1
8.6
8.9
9.3
9.6
9.8 10.
10.
11.
11.
11.
11.
12.
13.
IS.
PITCH+/- 1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.6
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.5
PROFILE 2.7
2.9
3.0
3.0
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.7
3.8
3.8
3.9
3.9
4.1
4.2
4.7
4.0 RUNOUT 7.98.5
8.9
9.3 10.
11.
12.
12.
13.
13.
14. 14.
15. 16. 18.
PITCH+/- 2.1
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.6
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.9
3.0
3.0
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.4
3.5
4.0
PROFILE 3.2
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.8
3.9
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.5
4.6
4.6
4.8 5.0 5.5
6.0 RUNOUT 11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18. 18.
18. 18.
20.
21.
25,
PITCH+/- 2.5
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.7
3.8
4.0
4.1
4.7
PROFILE 4.1
4.3
4.4
4.6
4.8
4.9
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.8
6.1
6.3
7.0
8.0 RUNOUT 13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
18.
19.
20.
20.
21,
21.
22.
22;
22.
23.
24.
26.
30.
PITCH+/- 2.8
3.0 3.1
3.2
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.0
4.0
4.1
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.5
4.6
5,2
PROFILE 4.9
5.1
5.3
5.4
5.6
5.8
6.0
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7 6.8
6.8
6.9
7.2
7.5
8.3
12. RUNOUT 18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
28.
29.
29.
30. 30. 33.
34.
40.
PITCH+/- 3.3
3.5
3.6
3.8
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.9
5.0
5.3 5.5 6.2
PROFILE 6.2
6.4
6.7
6.9
7.2
7.4 7.6
7.8
8.0
8.1
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
9.2
9.5 11.
16. RUNOUT 22.
23.
24.
26.
27.
29. 30. 31.
32.
33. 34. 35.
35.
36.
37.
37. 40. 42. 50.
PITCH+/- 3.7 3.94.1
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
4.9
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.5
5.6
5.9
6.1
6.9
PROFILE 7.3
7.6
7.9
8.1
8.5
8.8
9.0
9.2
9.4
9.6
9.8
9.9 10.
10. 10. 11. 11. 11. 13.
20. RUNOUT 25.
27.
29. 30. 32. 34. 35.
37.
38.
39. 40.
41.
42.
42.
43.
44.
47.
49. 58.
PITCH+/- 4.1
4.3
4.5
4.6
4.8 5.0 5.2
5.4
5.5
5,6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0
6.0
6.1
6.4
6.7
7.6
PROFILE 8.3
8.7
9.0
9.3
9.7 10.
11.
11.
11. 12. 12.
12. 13. 13.
14.
25. RLJNOUT U). 32. 34. 35.
38.
40.
41. 43.
44.
46.
47.
48.
49. 50. 51.
51. 55. 58.
68.
PITCH+/- 4.5
4.7
4.9
5.0
5.3
5.5
5.7
5.8
6.0
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7 7.0 7.3
8.3
PROFILE 9.5
9.9 10.
11.
12.
12.
13.
13.
14.
15. 16.
50. RUNOUT 49.
53.
55. 58.
62.
65.
68.
71.
73. 75. 77.
79.
80.
82.
83.
85.
91.
96. 110
PITCH+/- 5.9
6.2
6.4
6.6
7.0
7.3
7.5
7.7
7.9
8.1
8.2
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
9.3
9.7 11.
PROFILE 14. 15.16. 17. 17.
18. 18. 19.
19.
20. 20. 20. 20.
21,
21. 22.
25.
Tooth Alignment Tolerance (Lead), 4T

Q l 4 FACEWIDTH 25 1 30 40 50 125
60100 80 150250 200
TOLERANCE
8.9 7.66.25.44.63.83.33.3 17. 15. 12. 11.
ANWAGMA 69 2000-AB8

A G f l A 2000-A W Ob87575 0001II03 II43 W
Table 6-1M
Element Tolerances
RunoutTolerance, V r ;~AllowablePitchVariation, ; ProfileTolerance, bT
In Micrometers (W)
Number of Tceth (2); for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (si = dcos ß)
Q Module Tolerance
No. Mn Type
68 10
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40 44
48
52
56
60
80
100
200
15 1.25 RUNOUT 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.5 4.8 5.6
PITCH+/- 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8
PROFILE 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.0
1.50 RUNOUT 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.8 5.2 5.4 6.4
PITCH+/- 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9
PROFILE 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.2
2.0 RUNOUT 3.43.73.94.04.34.64.84.95.15.35.45.55.65.75.85.96.36.77.9
PITCH+/- 1.21.21.31.31.41.41.51.51.51.61.61.61.71.71.71.71.81.92.1
PROFILE 1.51.61.71.71.81.91.92.02.02.02.12.12.12.22.22.22.32.42.6
3.0 RUNOUT 4.64.95.25.45.86.16.46.66.8 7.0 7.27.47.5 7.7 7.87.98.59.0 11.
PITCH+/- 1.41.41.51.51.61.71.71.81.81.91.91.91.92.02.02.02.12.22.5
PROFILE 2.02.02.12.22.32.42.42.52.52.62.62.72.72.72.82.82.93.03.3
4.0 RUNOUT 5.76.16.46.77.17.57.98.28.48.78.99.19.39.49.69.8 11. 11. 13.
PITCH+/- 1.51.61.71.71.81.91.92.02.02.12.12.22.22.22.22.32.42.52.8
PROFILE 2.32.42.52.62.72.82.92.93.03.03.13.13.23.23.33.33.43.64.0
6.0 RUNOUT 7.68.18.58.99.610. 11. 11. 11. 12.12.12.13.13.13.13.14. 15. 18.
PITCH+/- 1.81.92.02.02.12.22.32.32.42.42.52.52.62.62.62.72.82.93.3
PROFILE 2.93.13.23.33.43.53.63.73.83.93.94.04.04.14.14.24.44.55.0
8.0 RUNOUT 9.310. 11. 11. 12.13.13.14.14.14. 15. 15.15.16.16.16.17.18.22.
PITCH+/- 2.02.12.22.32.42.52.52.62.72.72.82.82.92.93.03.03.23.33.7
PROFILE 3.53.63.83.94.04.24.34.44.54.64.64.74.84.84.94.95.25.46.0
12. RUNOUT 13.14.14.15.16.17.18.'18.19.19.20.20.21.21.21.22.23.25.29.
PITCH+/- 2.32.52.62.72.82.93.03.13.23.23.33.33.43.43.53.53.73.94.4
PROFILE 4.44.64.84.95.35.35.55.65.75.85.96.06.16.16.26.36.66.87.6
16. RUNOUT 16.17.18.18.20.21.22.22.23.24.24.25.25.26.26.27.29.30.36.
PITCH+/- 2.62.82.93.03.13.33.43.53.53.63.73.73.83.93.93.94.24.34.9
PROFILE 5.25.55.65.86.16.36.56.66.76.9 7.0 7.17.27.37.47.47.88.0 8.9.
20. RUNOUT 18.19.21.21.23.24.25.26.27.28.28.29. M. M. 31.31.34.35.42.
PITCH+/- 2.93.03.13.33.43.63.73.83.93.94.0 4.1 4.14.24.34.34.5 4.7 5.3
PROFILE 6.06.26.46.66.97.27.47.57.77.88.08.18.28.38.48.58.99.2 10.
25. RUNOUT 21.23.24.25.27.28. 30. 31.32.33.33. 34. 35. 36. 36.37.39.42.49.

PITCH+/- 3.13.33.43.63.73.94.04.14.24.34.44.54.54.64.74.75.05.25.8
PROFILE 6.87.17.37.57.98.28.48.68.88.99.19.29.39.59.69.7 10. 11. 12.
50. RUNOUT 35.38. 40. 41. U . 47.49.51.52.54.55.56.57.59.60.61.65.68.81.
PITCH+/- 4.14.44.54.74.95.15.35.45.65.75.85.96.06.16.16.26.56.8 7.7
PROFILE 10. 11. 11. 12.12.12.13.13.13.14.14.14.14.14.15.15.15.16.18.
Tooth Alignment Tolerance (Lead), Q T
QlS FACEWIDTH 1 25 30 40 SO
250
200
150
125
100
8060
TOLERANCE
6.0
4.9
4.3.6
3.0
2.6
2.6 7.014.
12.
9.4
8.2

A G f l A 2000-A D Ob87575 O001104 O B T
Table 6-2M
Total CompositeTolerance, ;Tooth-To-ToothCompositeTolerance, V q ~
In Micrometers (W)
QS .20 TOTAL 86. 86. 85. 85. 84. 84. 83. 84. 85. 87. 88. 89. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 95. 96.97. 100 110
T-TO-T 78. 73. 69. 66. 61. 58. 58. 57. 56. 55. 55. 55. 55. 55. 55. 55. 55. 55. 55.
55. 55. 55.
.25 TOTAL 94. 94. 93. 93. 92. 92. 91. 92. 94. 95. 96, 97. 98. 99. 100 loo 100 110 110 110 110 120
T-TO-T 82. 77. 73. 69. 65. 61. 61. 60. 59. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58.
.30 TOTAL 100 100 100 100 I00 99. 98. 100 100 100 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 120 120 120 120 130
T-TO-T 86. 80. 76. 73. 68. 64. 64. 62. 61. 60. 60. 60. 60. 60. 60. 60. 60. 60. 60.60. 60. 60.
.40 TOTAL 120 120 120 110 110 110 110 110 120 120 120 120 120 120 130 130 130 130 130 130 140 150
T-TO-T 92. 86. 81. 78. 73. 69. 68. 67. 66. 65. 65. 65. 65. 65. 65. 65. 65. 65. 65.65. 65. 65.
.SO TOTAL 130 130 1% 130 130 130 120 130 130 130 130 130 140 140 140 140 140 140 150 150 160 160
T-TO-T 97. 90. 86. 82. 77. 73. 72. 70. 69. 68. 68. 68. 68. 68. 68. 68. 68. 68. 68.68. 68. 68.
.60 TOTAL 140 140 140 140 140 140 130 140 140 140 140 150 150 150 150 150 150 160 160 160 170 180
T-TO-T 10094.89.86. 80. 76.75.73.72.71.71.71.71.71.71.71.71.71.71.71.71. 71.
.80 TOTAL 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 160 160 160 160 170 170 170 170 170 180 180 180 190 200 210
T-TO-T 110 100 96. 92. 86. 81. 80. 78. 77. 76. 76. 76. 76. 76. 76. 76. 76. 76. 76. 76. 76. 76.
1.0 TOTAL 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 180 180 180 180 190 190 190 190 200 200 210 210 220 230
T-TO-T 120 110 100 97. 90. 86. 84. 82. 81. 80. 80. 80. 80. 80. 80. 80. 80. 80. 80. 80. 80. 80.
1.25 TOTAL 190 190 190 190 190 190 I90 190 200 200 200 210 210 210 210 220 220 230 230 230 250 260
T-TO-T 120 110 110 100 95. 90. 88. 87. 85. 85. 85. 85. 85. 85. 85. 85. 85. 85. 85. 85. 85. 85.
2.0 TOTAL 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 250 250 260 260 260 270 270 270 280 290 290 300 320 330
T-TO-T 140 130 120 120 110 100 98. 96. 95. 95. 95. 95. 95. 95. 95. 95. 95. 95. 95. 95. 95. 95.
3.0 TOTAL 290 290 290 290 290 290 290 Mo 310 310 320 320 330 330 340 340 350 360 370 370 400 420
T-TO-T 150 140 130 130 120 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110
6.0 TOTAL 420 420 420 420 420 420 420 440 450 460 470 480 480 490 500 500 520 530 550 560 600 640
T-TO-T 180 170 160 150 140 130 130 130 I20 130 130 130 130 I30 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130
12. TOTAL 640 640 640 640 640 640 640 660 680 690 710 730 740 750 760 770 800 820 850 860 940 1000
T-TO-T 210 200 190 180 170 160 150 I50 140 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150
20. TOTAL 880 880 880 880 880 880 880 910 940 970 990 1010 1030 los0 10701090 1130 1160 1200 12301350 1440
T-TO-T 240 220 210 200 190 180 170 170 160 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170
25. TOTAL 1020 1020 1020 1020 IO20 1020 1020 1130 1100 1180 I210 1230 1250 1270 1320 1360 14001700
1060 1160 1440 1580
T-TO-T 250 230 220 210 200 190 180 170 170 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180
50. TOTAL 1650 1650 1650 1650 1650 1650 1670 1740 1800 1860 1910 1960 2010 2050 2090 2130 2220 2300
T-TO-T 290 270 260 250 230 220 210 200 200 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 210
ANSUAGMA 71 2000-A88

AGHA 2000-A Ob87575 O O O l l O 5 T l b 9
Gear Classification and Xnspection Handbook for Unassembled Spur and Helical Gears
Table 6-2M
Total Composite Tolerance, F q ; Tooth-To-Tooth
~ Composite Tolerance, V q ~
In Micrometers (W)
Q ModuleTolerance
Number of Teeth ( 8 ) : for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (ti=has ß)
No. M ,
Type 68 10
12
16 20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
70
80
90 100 150
200
Q6 .20 TOTAL 62.62.61.61.61.60.59.60.61.62.63.63.64.65.65.66.67.68.69.70.73.75.

T-TO-T 56.52.49.47.44.42.41.41.40.39.39.39.39.39.39.39.39.39.39.39.39.39.
.25 TOTAL 68. 67. 67. 67. ,66. 66. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 70. 71. 72. 72. 74. 75. 76. 77. 81. 83.
T-TO-T 59. 55. 52. 50. 46. 44. 44. 43. 42. 41. 41. 41. 41. 41. 41. 41. 41. 41. 41, 41. 41. 41.
.30 TOTAL 73. 73. 72. 72. 71. 71. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 78. 80. 81. 82. 83. 88. 91.
T-TO-T 61. 57. 54. 52. 48. 46. 46. 45. 44. 43. 43. 43. 43. 43. 43. 43. 43. 43. 43. 43. 43. 43.
.40 TOTAL 82. 82. 81. 81. 81. 80. 79. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 91. 92. 94. 95. 100 110
T-TO-T 66. 61. 58. 56. 52. 49. 49. 48. 47. 46. 46. 46. 46. 46. 46. 46. 46. 46. 46. 46. 46. 46.
.SO TOTAL 90. 90. 89. 89. 89. 88. 87. 89. 91. 92. 93. 94. 96. W. 98. 98. 100 100 110 110 110 120
T-TO-T 69. 65. 61. 59. 55. 52. 51. 50. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49.
.60 TOTAL 97. 97. 97. 96. 96. 96. 95. 97. 98. 100 100 I00 110 110 110 I10 110 110 120 120 120 130
T-TO-T 72. 67. 64. 61. 57. 54. 53. 52. 51. 51. 51. 51. 51. 51. 51. 51. 51. 51. 51. 51. 51. 51.
.SO TOTAL 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 130 130 130 130 140 150
T-TO-T 77.72.69.66,61.58.57.56. 55. 54. 54. S4.54.54.54.54.54.54.54.54.54.54.
1.0 TOTAL 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 130 130 330 130 130 140 140 140 140 140 150 150 160 170
T-TO-T 82.76.72.69.65.61.60.59.58.57.57.57.57.57.57.57.57.57.57.57.57.57.
1.25 TOTAL 140 140 140 140 140 140 130140140140150150 150 150 150 150 160 160 160 170 180 190
T-TO-T 86.80.76.73.68.65.63.62.61.61.61.61.61.61.61.61.61.61.61.61.61.61.
2.0 TOTAL 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 180 180 180 190 190 190 190 200 200 210 210 210 230 240
T-TO-T 96.90.85.82.76.72.70.69.68.68.68.68.68.68.68.68.68.68.68.68.68.68.
3.0 TOTAL 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 220 220 230 230 230 240 240 240 250 260 260 270 290 300
T-TO-T 11099.94.90.84.80.77.76.74.75.75.75.75.75.75.75.75.75.75.75.75.75.
6.0 TOTAL 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 310 320 330 330 340 350 350 360 360 370 380 390 400 430 460
T-TO-T 13012011011099.94.90.89.87.88.88.88.88.88.88.88.88.88.88.88.88.88.
12. TOTAL 450 450 450 450 450 450 460 470 480 500 510 520 530 540 550 550 570 590 600 620 670 720
T-TO-T 150 140 130 130 120 110 110 110 100 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110
20. TOTAL 630 630 630 630 630 630 630 650 670 690 710 720 740 750 770 780 810 830 850 880 960 1030
T-TO-T 170 160 150 140 130 130 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 J20 120 120 120 120 120 120
25. TOTAL 730 730 730 730 730 730 730 760 780 810 830 840 860 880 890 910 940 970 1000 1030 1130 1210
T-TO-T 180 170 160 150 140 130 130 120 120 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130
50. TOTAL 1180 1180 1180 1180 1180 1180 1190 1240 1290 1330 1370 1400 1440 1470 1500 1520 1590 1640 I
T-TO-T 210 200 190 180 170 160 150 150 140 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150
ANWAGMA 72 2000-A88
9)
A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 O O O L L O b 952 m
Table 6-2M
Total Composite Tolerance, K q ;~Tooth-To-Tooth Composite Tolerance, Vqr
In Micrometers (W)
Q ModuleTolerance
Number of Teeth (2); for Helical Gears. Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (zi d c o s ß)
No. M,
Type 68 10 12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
70
80
90 100 150
200
Q 7 .20 TOTAL 45.45.44.44.43.43.42.43.44.44.45.45.46.46.47.47.48.49.49.50.52.54.

T-TO-T 40.37.35.34.31.30.30.29.29.28.28.28.28.28.28.28.28.28.28.28.28.28.
.25 TOTAL 49. 49. 48. 48. 48. 47. 46. 47. 48. 49. 49. 50. 50. 51.51. 52. 53. 53. 54. 55. 58. 60,
T-TO-T 42. 39. 37. 36. 33. 31. 31. 31. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30.30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30. 30.
.30 TOTAL 53. 52. 52. 52. 51. 51. 50. 51. 52. 53. 53. 54. 54. 55.55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 63. 65.
T-TO-T 44. 41. 39. 37. 35. 33. 33. 32. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31.
.40 TOTAL 59. 59. 59. 58. 58. 57. 57. 58. 59. 60. 60. 61. 62. 62.63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 72. 74.
T-TO-T 47. 44. 42. 40. 37. 35. 35. 34. 34. 33. 33. 33. 33. 33.33. 33. 33. 33. 33. 33. 33. 33.
.50 TOTAL 65. 64. 64. 64. 63. 63. 62. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 68. 69.70. 70. 72. 73. 74. 75. 79. 83.
T-TO-T 49. 46. 44. 42. 39. 37. 37. 36. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35.35. 35. 35. 35. 35. 35, 35. 35.
.60 TOTAL 70. 69. 69. 69. 69. 68. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75.76. 77. 78. 80. 81. 82. 87. 90.
T-TO-T 52. 48. 46. 44. 41. 39. 38. 37. 37. 36. 36. 36. 36. 36.36. 36. 36. 36. 36. 36. 36. 36.
.80 TOTAL 79. 79. 78. 78. 78. 78. 77. 79. 80. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86.87. -88. 90. 91. 93. 94. 100 110
T-TO-T 55. 52. 49. 47. 44. 42. 41. 40. 39. 39. 39. 39. 39. 39.39. 39. 39. 39. 39. 39. 39. 39.
1.0 TOTAL 87. 87. 87. 86. 86. 86. 85. 87. 89. 91. 92. 93. 95. 96.97. 98. 100 100 110 110 110 120
T-TO-T 58. 55. 52. 49. 46. 44. 43. 42. 41. 41. 41. 41. 41. 41.41. 41. 41. 41. 41. 41. 41. 41.
1.25 TOTAL 96. 96. 96. 96. 96. 96. 95. 97. 99. 100 100 110 110 110 110 110 110 120 120 120 130 130
T-TO-T 62. 58. 55. 52. 49. 46. 45. 44. 44. 43. 43. 43. 43. 43.43. 43. 43. 43. 43. 43. 43. 43.
2.0 TOTAL 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 130 130 130 130 140 140 140 140 140 150 I50 150 160 170
T-TO-T 69. 64. 61. 58. 55. 52. 50. 49. 48. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. '49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49.
3.0 TOTAL 1 50 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 160 160 160 170 170 170 170 170 180 180 190 190 200 210
T-TO-T 76. 71. 67. 64. 60. 57. 55. 54. 53. 53. 53. 53. 53. 53.53. 53. 53. 53. 53. 53. 53. 53.
6.0 TOTAL 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 230 230 240 240 250 250 260 260 270 270 280 290 310 330
T-TO-T 90. 84. 79. 76. 71. 67. 65. 63. 62. 63. 63. 63. 63. 63.63. 63. 63. 63. 63. 63. 63. 63.
12. TOTAL 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 340 350 360 360 370 380 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 480 510
T-TO-T 110 99. 94. 90. 84. 79. 76. 74. 73. 74. 74. 74. 74. 74.74. 74. 74. 74. 74. 74. 74. 74.
20. TOTAL 450 450 450 450 450 450 450 470 480 490 510 520 530 540 550 560 580 590 610 630 690 730
T-TO-T 120 110 110 100 95. 90. 85. 84. 82. 84. 84. 84. 84. 84.84. 84. 84. 84. 84. 84. 84. 84.
25 TOTAL 520 520 520 520 520 520 520 540 560 580 590 600 620 630 640 650 670 700 720 730 810 870
T-TO-T 130 120 110 110 100 95. 90. 88. 86. 89. 89. 89. 89. 89.89. 89. 89. 89. 89. 89. 89. 89.
50. TOTAL 840 840 840 840 840 840 850 890 920 950 980 1000 1030 1050 1070 1090 1130 Il70 I210 1250 1390 1500
T-TO-T 150 140 130 130 120 110 110 100 100 110 110 110 110 I10 110 110110 110
110
110 110 110
ANWAGMA 73 2000-A88
e
. i
I -.

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 O O O L L O 7 8 9 9 m
Table 6-2M
Total Composite Tolerance, t q ~
; Tooth-To-Tooth Composite Tolerance, V q ~
In Micrometers (W)
Number of Teeth (2); for Helical Gem, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (L* =z/cos ß)
0 ModuleTolerance
No. M ,
Type 6 8 10 12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40 44 48
52
56 60 70 80 90 100 150 200
Q8 .20 TOTAL 33.33.32.32.31.31.30.31.31.32.32.32.33.33.33.34.34.35.35.36.37.39.

T-TO-T 28.27.25.24.23.21.21.21.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.
.25 TOTAL 36.35.35.35. 34. 34. 33.34.34.35.35.36.36.36.37.37.38.38.39.39. 41. 43.
T-TO-T 30.28.27.25.24.23.22.22.22.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21,
.30 TOTAL 38.38.38.37.37.36.36.36.37.38.38.39.39.39.40.40.41.41.42.43.45.46.
T-TO-T 31.29.28.27.25.24.23.23.22.22.22.22.22.22.22.22.22.22.22.22.22.22.
.40 TOTAL 43.42.42.42.41.41.40.41.42.43.43.44.44.45.45.45.46.47.48.49. 51. 53.
T-TO-T 34.31.30.28.27.25.25.24.24.24.24.24.24.24.24.24.24.24.24.24.24.24.
.50 TOTAL 47.46.46.46.46.45.45.45.46.47.48.48.49.49.50. 50. 51. 52.53.54. 57. 59.
T-TO-T 35.33.31.30.28.27.26.26.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.
.60 TOTAL 50. 50. 50. 50. 49. 49. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 52. 53. 54. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 62. 65.
T-TO-T 37. 35. 33. 31. 29. 28. 27. 27. 26. 26. 26. 26. 26. 26. 26. 26. 26. 26. 26. 26. 26. 26.
.80 TOTAL 57. 56. 56. 56. 56. 56. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 71. 74.
T-TO-T 40. 37. 35. 34. 31. 30. 29. 29. 28. 28. 28. 28. 28. 28. 28. 28. 28. 28. 28. 28. 28. 28.
1.0 TOTAL 62. 62. 62. 62. 62. 62, 61. 62. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 68. 69. 70. 72. 73. 74. 75. 80. 83.
T-TO-T 42. 39. 37. 35. 33. 31. 31. 30. 30. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29. 29.
1.25 TOTAL 68. 68. 68. 68. 68. 68. 68. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 80. 82. 83. 84. 90. 94.
T-TO-T 44, 41. 39. 37. 35. 33. 32. 32. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31.
2.0 TOTAL 86.86.86.86.86.86.86. 88. 90.91.93.94.96.97.98.99. 100 110 110 110 120 120
T-TO-T 49.46.44.42.39.37.36.35.35.35.35.35.35.35.35.35.35.35.35.35.35.3s.
3.0 TOTAL 110 110110 110 110110 110 110 110 110 120 120 120 120 120 130 130 130 130 140 150 150
T-TO-T 54.51.48.46.43.41.39.39.38.38.38.38.38.38.38.38.38.38.38.38.38.38.
6.0 TOTAL 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 170 170 170 180 180 180 190 190 200 200 200 220 230
T-TO-T 64.60.57.54.51.48.46,45.45.45.45.45.45.45.45.45,45.45.45.45.45.45.
12. TOTAL 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 240 250 250 260 270 270 280 280 280 290 300 310 320 340 370
T-TO-T 76. 71. 67.64.60.57.54.53.52.53.53.53.53. 53. 53.53.53.53.53.53. 53. 53.
20. TOTAL 320 320 320 320 320 320 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 390 400 410 430 440 450 490 530
T-TO-T 86. 80. 76.72.68.64.61.60.59.60.60.60.'60.60.60.60.60.60.60.60.60.60.
25. TOTAL 370 370 370 370 370 370 370 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 500 510 530 580 620
T-TO-T 90.84. 80. 76. 71. 68.64.63.62.63.63.63.63.63.63.63.63.63.63.63.63.63.
SO. TOTAL 600 600 600 600 600 600 610 640 660 680 700 720 730 750 760 780 810 840 870 890 990 1070
T-TO-T 110 99. 94. 90. 84. 80. 75.74.72. 75. 75. 75. 75. 75. 75. 75. 75. 75. 75. 75. 75. 75.
ANSItAGMA 74 2000-A88

A G H A 2000-A Ob87575 O O O l l 0 8 725
Table 6-2M
Total Composite Tolerance, X q ;~Tooth-To-Tooth Composite Tolerance, V'T
In Micrometers (pm)
Number of Teetb (2); for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (ti=zlcos ß)
Q ModuleTolerance
No. W ,
68 10 12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40 44
48
52
56
60
70
80
90 100 150 200
Q9.20 TOTAL
T-TO-T
.25 TOTAL
T-TO-T
.30 TOTAL
T-TO-T
.40 TOTAL
T-TO-T
-50 TOTAL
T-TO-T
.60 TOTAL
T-TO-T
.80 TOTAL
T-TO-T
1.0 TOTAL
T-TO-T
1.25 TOTAL
T-TO-T
2.0 TOTAL
T-TO-T
3.0 TOTAL
T-TO-T
6.0 TOTAL
T-TO-T
12. TOTAL
T-TO-T
20. TOTAL
T-TO-T
25. TOTAL
T-TO-T
50. TOTAL
T-TO-T
ANWAGMA 75 2000-A88
- 7 - - li

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 O O O L L O 9 bbL m
Table 6-2M
In Micrometers (run)
QlO .20TOTAL 18. 18. 17. 17. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 16. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 18. 18. 18. 18. 19. 20,
T-TO-T 15. 14. 13. 12. 12. 11. 11. 11. 11. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10.
.25 TOTAL 19.19.19.18.18.17.17.17. 18. 18. 18.18.18.19.19.19.19.20.20.20.21.22.
T-TO-T IS. 14.14.13.12.12.12. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11.
.30 TOTAL 21.20.20.20.19.19. 18. 19.19.19.20.20.20.20.20.21.21.21.22.22.23.24.
T-TO-T 16. 15. 14.14.13.12.12.12.12. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11.
.40 TOTAL 23.23.22.22.21.21.21.21.22.22.22.22.23.23.23.23.24.24.25.25.26.27.
T-TO-T 17.16.15.15.14.13.13.13.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12. 12.
.50 TOTAL 25.24.24.24.24.23.23,23.24,24.24.25.25.25.26.26.26.27.27.28.29.30.
T-TO-T 18.17.16. IS. 14.14.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13. 13. 13.
.60 TOTAL 26.26.26.26.25.25.25.25.26.26.27.27.27.28.28.28.29.29.30. 30. 32.33.
T-TO-T 19.18.17.16. 15. 14.14.14.14.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13. 13. 13.
.80 TOTAL 29.29.29.29.29.28.28.29.29.30.30.31,31.31.32.32.33.33.34.35.37.38.
T-TO-T 20.19.18.17.16.IS.15.15.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.
1.0 TOTAL 32.32.32.32.32.32.31.32.33.33.34.34.35.35.35.36.37.37.38.39.41. 43.
T-TO-T 21.20.19.18.17.16.16. 15. 15. 15. IS. IS. 15.
15. 15. 15. 15. 15. 15. 15.
15. 1.5.
1.25 TOTAL 35.35.35.35.35.35.35.36.36.37.38.38.39.39.40.40.41.42.42.43.46.48.
T-TO-T 23.21.20.19.18.17.17.16.16.16.16.16.16.16.1616.16.16.16.16.16.16.
2.0 TOTAL 44. 44. 44.44.44.44.44.45.46.47.48.48.49. 50, 50. 51. 52.53.54. 55. 59.62.
T-TO-T 25.24.22.21.20.19.18.18.18.18.18.18.18. 18. 18.18.18.18.18. 18. 18. 18.
3.0 TOTAL 54.54.54.54..54.54.54. 55. 57. 58. 59.60.61.62.62.63.65.66.68.69.74.78.
T-TO-T 28.26.25.24.22.21.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.
6.0 TOTAL 79.79.79.79.79.79.79.81.83. 85. 87. 88. 90.91.92.94.97.99.100110110120
T-TO-T 33.31.29.28.26.25.24.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.
12. TOTAL 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 130 130 130 140 140 140 140 150 150 150 i60 160 180 i90
T-TO-T 39.36.34.33.31.29. 28. 27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.
20. TOTAL 160 160 160 160 160 160 170 170 180 180 190 190 190 200 200 200 210 220 220 230 250 270
T-TO-T 44.41.39.37.35.33.31.31.30.31.31.31.31.31.31.31.31.31.31.31.31.31.
25. TOTAL 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 200 210 210 220 220 230 230 230 240 250 260 260 270 300 320
T-TO-T 46.43.41.39.36. 35. 33.32.32.32.32.32.32.32.32.32.32.32.32.32.32.32.
50. TOTAL 310 310 310 310 310 310 310 330 340 350 360 370 380 380 390 400 410 430 440 460 510 550
T-TO-T 54.51.48.46.43.41.38.38.37. 38. 38. 38. 38.38.38. 38. 38. 38. 38.38.38,38.
Tq"- - -~
A G M A 2000-A = Ob87575 OOOZZLO 3 8 3
Table 6-2M
Total Composite Tolerance, V , B ~;Tooth-To-Tooth Composite Tolerance, V q ~
In Micrometers (F)
Number of Teeth (I); for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (zi d c o s ß)
Q ModuleTolerance
No. M,,
68 10 12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56 60
70
80
90 100 150
200
Q l l .2 TOTAL 14.13.13.13.12. 11. 11. 11. 12.12.12.12,12.12.12.12.13.13.13.13.14.14.

T-TO-T 10.9.69.18.78.27.77.77.57.47.37.37.37.37.37.37.37.37.37.37.37.37.3
.25 TOTAL 15.14.14.14.13.12.12.12.13.13.13.13.13.13. 13. 14.14.14.14.14.15. 16.
T-TO-T 11. 10.9.69.28.68.28.17.97.87.77.7?.77.77.77.77.77.77.77.77.77.77.7
.30 TOTAL 15.15.15.14.14.13.13.13.14.14.14.14.14.14.15. 15. 15.15. IS. 16. 16. 17,
T-TO-T 12. 11. 10.9.69.08.58.48.38.18.08.08.08.08.08.0 8.0 8.08.0 8.0 8.08.0 8.0
.40 TOTAL 17.17.16.16.16.15.15.15.15.16.16.16.16.16.17.17.17.17.18. 18. 19.19.
T-TO-T 12.12. 11. 10. 9.69.19.0 8.8 8.78.6'8.68.68.68.68.68.68.68.68.6 8.6 8.68.6
.SO TOTAL 18.18.18.17.17.17.16.17.17.17.18.18.18.18.18. 18. 19.19.19.20.21.22.
T-TO-T 13.12.12. 11. 10.9.69.59.39.29.09.09.09.09.09.09.09.09.09.09.09.09.0
.60 TOTAL 19.19.19.19.18.18.18.18.18.19.19.19.19.20.20.20.21.21.21.22.23.24.
T-TO-T 14.13.12.12. Il. 10.9.99.79.59.49.49.49.49.49.49.49.49.49.49.49.49.4
.80 TOTAL 21.21.21.21.21.20.20.21.21.21.22.22.22.23.23.23.24.24.24.25.26.27.
T-TO-T 15.14.13.12.12. 11. 11. 11. 10.10.10.10.10.10. 10. 10.10.10.10.10.10.10.
1.0 TOTAL 23.23.23.23.23.23.22.23.23.24.24.24.25.25.25.26.26.27.27.28.29.31.
T-TO-T 15. 14.14.13.12.12. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11.
1.25 TOTAL 25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.26.26.27.27.28.28.28.29.29.30.30.31.33.34.
T-TO-T 16. 15. 14.14.13.12.12.12. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11.
2.0 TOTAL 31.31.31.31.31.31.31.32.33.33.34.35.35.36.36.36.37.38.39.39.42.44.
T-TO-T 18.17.16.15.14.14.13.13.13.13,13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13.13. 13. 13.
3.0 TOTAL 39.39.39.39.39.39.39.40. 40. 41.42.43.43.44.45.45.46.47.48.49.53.56.
T-TO-T 20.19.18.17.16.15.15.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.
6.0 TOTAL, 56.56.56. 56. 56.56.56.58.59.61.62.63.64.65.66.67.69.71.72.74.80.85.
T-TO-T 23.22.21.20.19.18.17.17.16.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.
12. TOTAL 84.84.84.84.84.84.85.87.90.92.94.96.98.100100100110110110120130130
T-TO-T 28.26.25.23.22.21.20.19.19.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.
20. TOTAL 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 130 130 130 140 140 140 140 150 150 160 160 160 180 190
T-TO-T 31.29.28.27.25.23.22.22.22,22.22.22.22.22.22.22.22.22.22.22.22.22.
25. TOTAL 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 150 150 160 160 160 170 170 170 180 180 190 190 210 230
T-TO-T 33.31.29.28.26.25.24.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.23.
SO. TOTAL 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 230 240 250 260 260 270 270 280 280 300 310 320 330 360 390
T-TO-T 39.36.34.33.31.29.28.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.
ANWAGMA 77 2000-A88

A G M A 2000-A 06157575 O O O L L L L 2LT 9
Table 6-2M
Tooth-To-Tooth Composite Tolerance, VqT
In Micrometers @)III
Number of Teeth (L); for Helical Gem, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (zl =z/cos ß)
Q Module Tolerance
No. M,,
68 10 12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60 70 80
90
100
150
200
Q12.2 TOTAL 10. 9.99.59.28.67.97.88.08.18.28.38.48.58.68.68.78.99.09.19.29.710.

T-TO-T 7.46.96.56.25.85.55.55.45.35.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.2
.25 TOTAL 11.11. 10. 9.99.38.78.68.88.99.09.19.29.39.49.59.69.89.910.10. 11. 11.
T-TO-T 7.87.36.96.66.25.85.85.75.65.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.5 5.5
.30 TOTAL 12. 11. 11. 11. 10.9.49.39.59.69.89.910.10.10.10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11.12.12.
T-TO-T 8.17.67.26.96.46.16.05.95.85.75.75.75.75.75.75.75.75.75.75.75.75.7
.40 TOTAL 13.12.12.12. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12.12.12.12.12.12.12.13.13.13.14.
T-TO-T 8.78.1 7.7 7.4 6.96.56.56.36.26.16.16.16.16.16.16.16.16.16.16.16.16.1
.50 TOTAL 13.13.13.13.12.12.12.12.12.12.13.13.13.13.13.13.14.14.14.14. IS. 16.
T-TO-T 9.28.68.17.87.36.96.86.76.56.56.56.56.56.56.56.56.56.56.56.56.56.5
.60 TOTAL 14.14.14.14.13.13.13.13.13.13.14.14.14.14.14.14.15.15.15.15.16.17.
T-TO-T 9.69.08.58.17.67.27.16.96.86.76.76.76.76.76.76.76.76.76.76.76.76.7
.80 TOTAL 16.15.15.15. 15. IS. 14.15.15.15.16.16.16.16.16.16.17.17.17.18.19.20.
T-TO-T 10.9.69.18.78.17.77.6 7.4 7.37.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.27.2
1.0 TOTAL 17.17.17.17.16.16.16.16.17.17.17.18.18.18.18.18.19.19.19.20.21.22.
T-TO-T 11. 10.9.69.28.68.18.0 7.8 7.77.67.67.67.67.67.67.67.67.67.67.67.67.6
1.25 TOTAL 18.18.18.18.18.18.18.18.19.19.19.20.20.20.20.20.21.21.22.22.24.25.
T-TO-T 12. 11. 10.9.79.08.68.48.28.18.08.08.08.08.08.08.08.08.08.08.08.08.0
2.0 TOTAL 23.23.23.23.23.23.22.23.23.24.24.25.25.25.26.26.27.27.28.28.30.32.
T-TO-T 13.12.12. 11. 10.9.69.39.19.09.09.09.09.09.09.09.09.09.09.09.09.09.0
3.0 TOTAL 28.28.28.28.28.28.28.28.29. M. U). 31.31.32.32.32.33.34.35.35.38.40.
T-TO-T 14.13.13.12. 11. 11. 10. 10.9.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.9
6.0 TOTAL 40. 40. 40.40. 40. 40.40.41.42.43.44.45.46.47.47.48.49.51.52.53.57.60.
T-TO-T 17.16.15.14.13.13.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.
12. TOTAL 60.60.60.60.60. 60. 60.62.64.66.67.69. 70. 71.72.74.76.78.80.82.89.95.
T-TO-T 20.19.18.17.16.15.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.
20. TOTAL 83.83.83.83.83.83.84.87.89.92.94.96.98. 100 100110110110120120130140
T-TO-T 22,21,20.19.18.17.16.16.15.16.16.16.16.16.16. 16. 16.16.16.16.16.16.
25. TOTAL 96.96.96.96.96.96.97.100110110 110 110 120 120 120 120 130 130 130 140 150 160
T-TO-T 24.22.21.20.19.18.17.17.16.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.
50. TOTAL 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 170 170 180 180 190 190 200 200 200 210 220 230 230 260 280
T-TO-T 28.26.25.24.22.21.20.19.19,20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.
E
A G M A 2000-A 9 Ob87575 O001112 L5b D
Table 6-2M
Total Composite Tolerance, xq~
; Tooth-To-Tooth Composite Tolerance, VqT
In Micrometers (pn)
Number of Teeth (2); for Helical Gears, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (zi=zlcos ß)
Q ModuleTolerance
No. M,,
68 10
12
16 20 24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
70
80
90
100
150
200
Q13 -2 TOTAL 7.9 7.6 7.3 7.0 6.3 5.7 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.9 7.2
T-TO-T 5.3 4.9 4.7 4.5 4.2 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7
.25 TOTAL 8.4 8.1 7.8 7.4 6.8 6.2 6.1 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.6 7.9
T-TO-T 5.6 5.2 4.9 4.7 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9
.30 TOTAL 8.8 8.5 8.2 7.9 7.3 6.7 6.6 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.3 8.6
T-TO-T 5.8 5.4 5.1 4.9 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1
.40 TOTAL 9.4 9.2 8.9 8.6 8.1 7.6 7.5 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.4 8.6 8.8 8.9 9.0 9.5 9.9
T-TO-T 6.2 5.8 5.5 5.3 4.9 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4
.SO TOTAL 10. 9.7 9.5 9.3 8.8 8.4 8.3 8.4 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.3 9.5 9.7 9.9 10. 11. 11.
T-TO-T 6.6 6.1 5.8 5.6 5.2 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6
.60 TOTAL 11. 10. 10. 9.9 9.5 9.1 9.0 9.2 9.3 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.9 10. 10. 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12.
T-TO-T 6.96.46.15.85.45.15.1 5.0 4.94.84.04.84.84.84.84.84.84.84.84.84.84.8
.SO TOTAL 11. 11. 11. Il. 11. 10.10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12.12.12.12.12.13.13.13.14.
T-TO-T 7.36.96.56.25.85.55.45.35.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.25.2
1.0 TOTAL 12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12. 13. 13.13.13.13.13.14.14.14.15.16.
T-TO-T 7.87.26.96.66.15.85.75.65.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.55.5 5.5 5.5
1.25 TOTAL 13.13.13.13.13.13. 13. 13.13.14.14.14.14.14,15. 15.15. 15. 16.16.17.18.
T-TO-T 8.27.67.26.96.56.16.05.95.85.85.85.85.85.85.85.85.85.85.85.85.05.8
2.0 TOTAL 16.16.16.16.16.16.16.16.17.17.17.18.18.18.18.19.19.20.20.20.22.23.
T-TO-T 9.28.58.17.07.26.96.76.56.46.46.46.46.46.46.46.46.46.46.46.46.46.4
3.0 TOTAL 20.20.20.20.20.20.20.20.21.21.22.22.22.23.23.23.24.24.25.25.27.28.
T-TO-T 10.9.48.98.58.07.67.37.27.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.17.1
6.0 TOTAL 29.29.29.29.29.29.29.30.30.31.32.32.33.33.34.34.35.36.37.38.41.43.
T-TO-T. 12. 11. 11. 10. 9.48.98.68.48.38.48.48.48.48.48.48.48.48.48.48.48.40.4
12. TOTAL 43.43.43.43.43.43.43.45.46.47.48.49.50.51.52.53.54.56.57.59.64.68.
T-TO-T 14.13.13.12. 11. 11. 10.9.99.7 9.9 9.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.99.9
20. TOTAL 59.59.59.59.59.59.60.62.64.66.67.69.70.71.73.74.77.79.81.83.91.98.
T-TO-T 16.15.14.14.13.12. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11, 11. 11. 11. 11. 11. 11.
25. TOTAL 69.69.69.69.69.69.69.72.74.76.78.80.82. 83. 85.86.90.92.95.98.110 120
T-TO-T 17.16.15.14.13.13.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12.12,
50. TOTAL 110 110 110 110 110 110 120 120 120 130 130 130 140 140 140 150 150 160 160 170 190 200
T-TO-T 20. 19.18.17.16.15.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.14.
ANWAGMA 79 2000-A88
(Lb
Table 6-2M
Total Composite Tolerance, K q ;~Tooth-To-Tooth Composite Tolerance, vq~
In Micrometers (v)
Number of Teeth (2); for Helical &an, Use Adjusted Number of Teeth (2, wlcos ß)
Q ModuleTolerance
No. M,
8 6 10 12 16 2420 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 807060 90 100 150 200
QI4 .2 TOTAL 6.3 6.0 5.7 5.3 4.7 4.1 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.7 5.0 5.1
T-TO-T 3.8 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7
.25 TOTAL 6.6 6.3 6.0 5.7
5.1 4.5 4.4 4.5 4.5
4.6 4.7 4.7 4 ~ 84.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.5 5.7
T-TO-T 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.4
3.1 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9
2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8
.30 TOTAL 6.8 6.5 6.3 6.0 5.4 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.9 6.2
T-TO-T 4.2 3.9 3.7 3.5
3.3 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9
.40 TOTAL 7.3 7.0 6.7 6.5 5.9 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.0 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.8 7.0
T-TO-T 4.5 4.2 3.9 3.8
3.5 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1
-50 TOTAL 7.6 7.4 7.1 6.9
6.4 6.0 5.9 6.0 6.1
6.2 6.3 6.4 6-5 6.6 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.5 7.8
T-TO-T 4.7
4.4
4.2 4.0 3.7
3.5
3.5
3.4 3.3
3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3
3.3 3.3
3.3 3.3 3.3
3.3
3.3 3.3 3.3
.60 TOTAL 7.9 7.7 7.5 7.3 6.9 6.5 6.4 6.5 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.6 7.7 7.8 8.2 8.6
T-TO-T 4.9 4.6 4.3 4.2 3.9 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5
.80 TOTAL 8.4 8.2 8.1 7.9 7.7 7.4 7.3 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.2 8.3-8.5 8.7 8.8 9.0 9.5 9.9
T-TO-T 5.3 4.9 4.7 4.5 4.2 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7
1.0 TOTAL 8.7 8.7 8.6 8.5 8.3 8.2 8.1 8.3 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.5 9.7 9.9 10. 11. 11.
T-TO-T 5.S 5.2 4.9 4.7 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9
3.9 3.9 3.9
3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9
3.9 3.9 3.9
1.25 TOTAL 9.1
9.1
9.1
9.1
9.1
9.1
9.0 9.2 9.4 9.6 9.7 9.9 10. 10. 10. 11. 11. 11. Il. 11. 13.
12.
T-TO-T 5.8 5.5 5.2 5.0 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1 4.1
2.0 TOTAL 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 12. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 14, 15.. 16. 16.
T-TO-T 6.5 6.1 5.8 5.5 5.2 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6
3.0 TOTAL 14. 14. 14. 14. 14. 14. 14. 15. 15, 15. 15. 16. 16. 16. 16. 17. 17. 17. 18. 18. 19. 20,
T-TO-T 7.2 6.7 6.4 6.1 5.7 5.4 5.2 5.1 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1
6.0 TOTAL 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 21. 22. 22. 23. 23. 24. 24. 24. 25. 25. 26. 27. 27. 29. 31.
T-TO-T 8.5 7.9 7.5 7.2 6.7 6.4 6.1 6.0 5.9 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0
12. TOTAL 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 31. 32. 33. 34. 34. 35. 36. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 46. 49.
T-TO-T 10.
9.4
8.9
8.5 7.9
7,s
7.2
7.1 6.9 7.1
7.1 7.1 7.1
7.1
7.1
7.1
7.1
7.1
7.1
7.1 7.1 7.1
20. TOTAL 43. 43. 43. 43. 43. 43. 43. U . 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 55. 56. 58. 59. 65. 70.
T-TO-T 12. 11. 10. 9.6 9.0 8.5 8.1 7.9 7.8 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 0.0
25. TOTAL 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 49. 50. 51. 53. 55. 56. 57. 59- 60. 61. 62. 64. 66. 68. 70. 77. 82.
T-TO-T 12. 11.
11. 10. 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.3 8.2 8.4 8.4 8.4
8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4
50. TOTAL 80. BO. BO. 80. 80. 80. 81. 84. 87. 90. 93. 95. 97. 99. 100 110 110 110 120 120 130 140
T-TO-T 14. 13. 13.
12. 11. 11. 10. 9.8
9.6
9.9 9.9
9.9
9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9
9.9
9.9 9.9
9.9 9.9 9.9
ANSIIAGMA 2000-A88
e,)
A G2H0A0 0 - A Ob87575 O O O L L L 4 T29 m
Table 6-2M
Total CompositeTolerance, ; Tooth-To-ToothCompositeTolerance, V q ~
In Micrometers (W)
~~
Q15 .2 TOTAL 5.2 4.8 4.5 4.2 3.5 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.7
T-TO-T 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9
.25 TOTAL 5.3 5.0 4.7 4.4 3.8 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.9 4.0
T-TO-T 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
.30 TOTAL 5.5 5.2 4.9 4.6 4.0 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.2 4.4
T-TO-T 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1
.40 TOTAL 5.7 5.4 5.2 4.9 4.4 3.9 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.9 5.0
T-TO-T 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2
.50 TOTAL 5.9 5.7 5.4 5.2 4.7 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4 . 5 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.4 5.6
T-TO-T 3.4 3.1 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4
.60 TOTAL 6.0 5.8 5.6 5.4 5.0 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.9 6.1
T-TO-T 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
.80 TOTAL 6.3 6.1 6.0 5.8 5.6 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.8 7.1
T-TO-T 3.8 3.5 3.3 3.2. 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6
1.0 TOTAL 6.4 6.3 6.3 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.2 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.6 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.2 7.6 7.9
T-TO-T 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.4 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8
1.25 TOTAL 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.4 6.6 6.7 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.6 7.7 7.9 8.0 8.5 8.9
T-TO-T 4.2
3.9
3.7 3.5 3.3
3.1
3.1
3.0
3.0
2.9
2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9
2.9
2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9
ANSIIAGMA 81 2000-AB8
A G H A 2000-A m Ob87575 O O O L l L 5 965
COPYRIGHT American Gear

Gear Classification
Manufacturersand Inspection Inc.
Association, Handbook for Unassembled Spur and Helical Gears
A G M A 2000-A Ob87575 0001115 9b5
Table 6-3M
Tooth Thickness Tolerance, t Ar (Tolerance Values in Millimeters)
Tolerance Codes
Quality
ule Number A B C D
50.00 1.885
3 20.00 0.754
and 12.00 0.452
4 8.00 O. 302
5.00 0.188
50.00 1.885
0.754 20.00
0.226
5 0.452 12.00
0.151 0.302 8.00
5 .o0 0.0940.188
3.00 0.121 . 0.061
~~
50.00 1.885
20.00 0.754
0.226
12.00 0.452
0.151
8.00 0.302
0.094
5.00 0.188
0.061
3.00 0.121
0.044
2.00 0.088
1.25 0.060 0.030 0.015
0.011 0.021
0.80 0.042
50.00 1.885
0.754 20.00
3 0.226 0.452 12.00
0.302 8.00 0.075 0.151
5 7 .o0 0.188 0.094 0.047
thru 0.061
3.00 0.121 0.015 0.030
15 2.00
0.044 0.088 0.011 0.022
1.25 0.060 O. 030 0.015 0.008
0.042 0.80 0.021 0.01 1 0.005
0.029 0.50 0.014 0.007 0.004
0.025 0.40 0.012 0.006 0.003
0.30 0.019 0.010 0.005 0.002
0.014 0.20 0.007 0.003 0.002

AGHA 2000-A W Ob87575 O O O L L L b B T L W
7. Materials, Heat Treatment and suitable for gearing. No attempt is made to offer
Hardness Classification specificrecommendations. For this information,
see AGMA 240.
7.1 Purpose. Thisidentification is provided to
7.3 Designation. Table 7-1 is provided to assist
assist the userinspecifyingacompleteAGMA
Classification
Number. It presents
codes
for the designer or buyer in designating an
materialdesignations, and hardnessrangesfor appropriate
material and heat treatment
most common gear metals. combination. In case of doubt, consult with a
materials specialist.
7.2 Selection. There are manycombinations of
materials, heat treatments, and hardnessranges
Table 7-1
Materials and Heat Treatment
Designation Hardness
Material
Number Treatment notes (see 1 and 3)
uc- 1 Carbon Steel Annealed or as rolled Equivalent to 179 Bhn for
AGMA Durability Rating
UA- 11 Alloy Steel Annealed or as rolled Equivalent to 179 Bhn for
AGMA Durability Rating
HC- 1 Carbon Steel Normalize or Quench
and Temper 212 to 248 Bhn
HC-2 Carbon Steel Quench and Temper 223 to 262 Bhn
HA- 11 Alloy Steel Normalize or Quench
and Temper 223 to 262 Bhn
HA- 12 Alloy Steel Quench and Temper 248 to 285 Bhn
HA-14 Alloy Steel Quench and Temper 285 to 321 Bhn
(42 to 49 Rc)
FC- 1 Carbon Steel Flame Harden 43 Rc min.
FC-2 Carbon Steel Flame Harden 48 Rc min.
FA-1 1 Alloy Steel Flame Harden 43 Rc min.
FA- 12 Alloy Steel Flame Harden 48Rc min.
FA- 13 Alloy Steel Flame Harden 52 Rc min.
FA- 1 4 Alloy Steel Flame Harden 55 Rc min.
IC-1 Carbon Steel Induction Harden 43 Rc min.
IA-1 1 Alloy Steel Induction Harden 43 Rc min.
IA- 12 Alloy Steel Induction Harden 48Rc min.
IA- 13 Alloy Steel Induction Harden 52 Rc min.
IA-14 Alloy Steel Induction Harden 55 Rc min.
cc- 1 Carbon Steel Cyanide 55 Rc min.
ANSUAGMA 2000-A88

A G M A 2000-A Ob87575 O O O L L L 7 738 I
Table 7-1 (cont)

Material
CA- 11 AlloySteel Cyanide 55 Rc min.
CN- 1 Carbon Steel Carbonitride 55 Rc min.
CN- 11 Alloy Steel Carbonitride 55 Rc min.
NA- 11 AlloySteel(4140-
4340-4640) Nitride 48 Rc min.
NA- 12 AlloySteel Nitride 64 Rc min.
CH- 1 Carbon Steel Carburize 48 Rc min.
CH-2 Carbon Steel Carburize 50 Rc min.
CH-4 Carbon Steel Carburize 5 8 Rc min.
CH-1 1 Alloy Steel Carburize 48Rc min.
CH-12 Alloy Steel Carburize 50 Rc min.
CI-20 Cast Iron As Required
CI-30 Cast Iron As Required 174 Bhn min.
CI-35 Cast Iron As Required 183 Bhn min,
CI-so Cast Iron As Required 217 Bhn min.
NI- 1 Nodular Iron Anneal 179 Bhn min.
NI-2 Nodular Iron Anneal or Normalize
and Temper 212 Bhn min.
NI-5 Nodular Iron Quench and Temper 255 Bhn min.
NI- 11 Nodular Iron Quench and Temper 311 Bhn min.
NI-14 Nodular Iron Flame Harden or
Induction Harden 48 Rc min (Note 3)
SN- 1 Stainless Steel - non-
magnetic(300Series) None Required
SM-2 Stainless Steel -
magnetic (440 Series) None Required
SM-3 Stainless Steel - magnetic Quench and Tempered
(410,416,440) Induction Harden
or Bright Harden As Specified
SM-4 Stainless Steel - Harden and Temper
magnetic(440) Induction Harden
or Bright Harden As Specified
ANWAGMA 84 2000-A88

A G M A 2000-A Ob87575 O O O L L L 8 b 7 q H
Table 7-1 (cont)

Material
AB- 1 Aluminum/Bronze
Cast As 116 Bhn min.
AB-2 Aluminum/Bronze As Cast 116 Bhn min.
AB-2 Aluminum/Bronze Heat Treated 121 Bhn min.
AB-5 Aluminum/Bronze Wrought, Heat Treated 180 Bhn min.
AB-6 Aluminum/Bronze Wrought, Heat Treated 180 Bhn min.
MB- 1 Manganese/Bronze As Cast 85Bhn (500 Kg)
MB-2 Manganese/Bronze As Cast 125 Bhn (500 Kg)
MB-5 Manganese/Bronze Wrought - Soft 150 Bhn (500 Kg)
MB-6 Manganese/Bronze Wrought - Half Hard 190 Bhn (500 Kg)
MB-7 Manganese/Bronze Wrought - Hard 210 Bhn (500 Kg)
BZ-1 Tin Bronze As Cast 70 Bhn (500 Kg)
BZ-2 Tin Bronze Chill Cast 70 Bhn (500 Kg)
BZ-3 Tin Bronze As Cast 80 Bhn (500 Kg)
BZ-4 Tin Bronze Chill Cast 85Bhn(500 Kg)
BZ-5 Tin Bronze As Cast ” - “

BZ-7 Tin Bronze Centrifugal cast ”””

AL- 1 Aluminum 2017 T3 Sheet Heat Treated ”””
AL-2 Aluminum 2017 T4 Sheet Heat Treated 105Bhn(500 Kg)

AL-3 Aluminum 2024 T3 Sheet Heat Treated 120 Bhn (500 Kg)
AL-4 Aluminum 2024 T4 Sheet Heat Treated 120Bhn(500 Kg)
AL-5 Aluminum 6061 to Bar or
Sheet Heat Treated 95Bhn(500 Kg)
BR- 1 HH Brass As rolled
NM Non-Metallic - ” ”
(Note 2)
NOTES:
(1) All Brinell hardness numbers are those obtained with a 3000 Kg load unless otherwise specified. For
routine acceptance testING, the diameter of the impression should be read to 0.05 mm.
(2) The use of, and specifications for nonmetalic materials shall be establishedby agreement between gear
i
manufacturer and buyer.
T
(3) Where a hardness ofRc Min is shown, a designer may prefer to provide a range of hardness. Such
cases should be by agreement between the gear manufacturer and the buyer. This includes carbon and
alloy steels, for all surface hardening methods, except nitriding.

A G I A 2000-A m Ob87575 O O O L L 2 0 222 m
8. Classification and Accuracy Table 8-1 (cont)

Tolerances for Spur and Helical Master Tooth Alignment Tolerance
Gears For All Coarse Pitch Master Gear Classes
This Section contains tabulations of the Tolerance3 Face Width

(Ten-Thousandths)
individual tooth element tolerances, the (inches)
composite-action tolerances, tooth thickness, and 1 1.0
other dimensional tolerances for spur and helical 2 1.5
mastergears.(SeeSection8Mfor Metric).
3 2.0
8.1 Classification of Master Tolerances. Five 4 2.5
mastergear tolerance classes are providedfor 5 3.0
coarse pitch gears and four classes for fine pitch
(20 and finer). For spur and helical gears,
numbered 1 through 5 in order of increasing
precision, see Tables 8-1 through 8-5. (1) Total Bandwidth. Unlike the "K" chart profile
8.2 Tooth Thickness
ToleranceRange for variation tolerances for the QualityNumber of
the inspectedgears per t h i s Standard, Master
Master Gears. Two tooth thickness tolerance
Gear Class Profile tolerances are established by a
ranges are recognized, each having a code (Code
constant bandwidth of the total values listed.
A and Code B) (see Table 8-5).
8.3 Designation of Master Gear Number. The (2) FIM. Full Indicator Movement
class of accuracy for spur and helical master gears
is designated by its class number, prefixed by (3) An additional 0.0001 inch for end relief is
allowed at either end of face; however, 80 percent
Master C denoting Master Gear Class Number,
central face shall be within tolerance shown.
and suffixed by the tooth thickness code letter.
Example: Master C3A
8.4 Recommended
Application.
The Master
Table 8-2
Gear
Class
Number recommended for each
AGMA Quality Number of work gear is given in Reference Master Gear Class Composite
Table8-5. Tolerances For Coarse-Pitch
(Diameters 2-8.25 inch)
Table 8-1
Tolerance
Master 'Gear Class Element Composite (Ten-Thousandths)
. Action
Tolerances-Coarse-Pitch Test Gear
Master Class
(Diameters 2-6 inch) 1 2 3 4 5
Tolerance Tooth
Gear (Ten-Thousandths) to 3.0 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.8
Element Tooth
Master Gear Class
1 2 3 4 5
Runout Over Total 7.5 6.0 4.0
2.0 3.0
One pin (FIW) 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0
Profile1 3.02.0 2.5 1.5 1.0 (1) Master Gears (coarse pitch) will be qualified
Pitch
Variation 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.0 1.0 by elemental
inspection.
Qualification by
composite method may be requested.
ANSIIAGMA 87
..
A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 OOOLL2L 169 m
Table 8-3
Additional Coarse-Pitch Master Gear Tolerance
Tooth Thickness Code Tolerance (Ten-Thousandths)
Code A 2 25
Code B k 25
Tolerance (Ten-Thousandths)
Master Gear Class
1 2 3 4 5
Bore 2 + Tolerance
1.2 1.6 0.8 0.4 0.4
-0.0
Radius Outside 5 5 5 5 5
Runout Axial 1.6 1.61.6 1.6 1.2

inch of Radius
2 (FIM3) OD Runout
2 2 1.2
(1) Circular Tooth Thickness. It is the responsibility of the mastergear manufacturer to provide an
outside diameter and a testing radius basedupon the actual tooth thickness as determined by an over pins
measurement. This outside diameter shall be calculated to contact the inspected gear at its profile control
diameter at minimum tooth thickness. See the method of calculation for master gears in Appendix G.
(2) Bore. The difference between the effective bore size and the sizebetweenanytwodiametrically
opposite points shall not be more than the bore tolerance. Bell mouth will be allowed on 10 percent of
the total bore length, with a length of bell mouth not to exceed 0.250 inches total.
(3) FIM. Full Indicator Movement
Table 8-4
Tolerances for Fine Pitch Spur and Helical Master Gears1
Classification by Composite Tolerance 2
Master Gear Class
Tolerances men-Thousandths)
Composite Test
Tooth-To-Tooth 2 1.6 1.0 0.6

Total 5 3.5 2.0 1.0
Classification by Gear Elements

Master Gear Class
Tolerances men-Thousandths)
Gear Element
1 2 3 43
Pitch Variation 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6
Profile Variation4 1.6 1.4 1.0 0.6
Runout (FIMS) 2.8 1.8 1.0 0.6
Tooth Alignment-Max Totale 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 OOOLL22 OT5 m
Table 8-4 (cont)

Tolerances for Fine Pitch Spur and Helical Master Gears1
Additional Tolerance
Tooth Pitch
Thickness Diameter Tolerance
Code
(Ten-Thousandths) (inches)
A -
52.25 2.0
> 2.25 3.0
Circular Tooth Thickness’
B Pitch
-1.25% of Circular
A 2.25 0.4
Face Runout (FIMS)
B >2.25 1.2
~
Outside Radius8 5.0
Master Gear Class

Bore8 9 1 and 2 1.2
3 and 4 0.4
~~ ~~ ~ ~ ~~
NOTES:
(1) When considering master gears withfewer than 20 teeth, check with the manufacturer regarding
calibration and use.
(2) Whenacomposite check is specified,itbecomesnecessary to composite check thismaster with
another master of like or higher quality class. Unless it isclearly stated that the master must have a
total-composite-tolerance level,Classes 1 through 3 shallbe considered acceptable on the basis of
gear-tooth element checks only. Class 4 can only be accepted on the basis of both composite check and
the gear-tooth-element check as described above.
(3) Classification shall be by composite tolerance in this area.
(4) Not applicable to 100 pitch and finer. The profile tolerances shown are total band width tolerance
(see Note 1 and Table 8-1).
( 5 ) FIM. Full Indicator Movement. Gear runout is over one pin.
(6) Predicated on the allowance of an additional 0.0001 inch for end relief at either end of the face;
however, 80 percent central face shall be within the tolerance shown.
(7) Circular Tooth Thickness. It is the responsibility of the mastergear manufacturer to provide an
outside diameter and a testing radiusbased upon the actual tooth thickness as determined by an over pins
diameter at maximum tooth thickness. (See the method of calculation for MasterGears in Appendix G.)
Value is based on Arc Tooth Thickness =P
2
(8) Tolerance allplus,only.
(9) Bore. The difference between the effective bore sizeof any two diametrically oppositepoints shall not
be more than the boretolerance. Bell mouth w libe allowed on 10 percent of the total bore length, with a
length, of bell mouth not to exceed 0.250 total.
ANSIIAGMA 89 2000-A88 ,.,
2
A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 0001123 T31 m
Table 8-5
Recommendation of Master Gear Classes for Inspecting Specified Quality Work
Gears
Master Gear Classes forCoarse Pitch Gearing
Work Gear Pitches Coarser Pitches Pitches Pitches
Quality Number than 4 4 to 8 8 to 13 13 to 20
5 1 1 1
6 1 1 1 1
7 1 1 1 1
a 1 1 1 2
9 1 3 1 2
10 1 2 3 4
11 1 3 4 4
12 2 4 4 5
13 3 4 5 5
14 4 5 5 5
15 5 5 5 5
Master Gear Classes for Fine Pitch Gearing

Work Gear Pitches Pitches Pitches Pitches
Quality Number 20 to 32 32 to 50 50 to 80 80 to 120
5 1 1 1 1
6 1 1 1 1
7 1 1 1 2
8 1 2 1 2
9 1 2 2 3
10 2 2 3 3
11 3 3 3 4
12 3 3 4 4
13 3 4 4 4
14 4 4 4 4
15 4 4 4 4
8.5 Suggested Marking of Master Gears.
(b) Helical
Marking Marking
Diametral Pitch DPNDP Pitch

Diametral
Normal
Pressure Angle PA NPA
Angle
Pressure
Normal
Diameter Base BD
Base Diameter BD Number of Teeth N
Number of Teeth N Angle
Helix and Hand HA-RorL
Arc Tooth Thickness Arc T Lead 1
or Testing Radius TR Arc Tooth Thickness, Normal* N Arc T
AGMA Master Gear or Testing
Radius TR
AGMA Master Gear
Class and Code 1A Class and Code lA, 4B, etc.
Arc Tooth Thickness, Normal, is taken at the
diameter obtained by dividing the number of teeth
by the Transverse Diametral
Pitch, and is
calculated from the final measurement over one
pin.

8M. Metric Accuracy Tolerancesfor Spur Table 8-1M (cont)
and Helical Master Gears Tooth Alignment Tolerance (pm)
For All Coarse Module Master Gear Classes
This Section contains metric tabulationsof the
individual tooth element tolerances, the composite Face Width Tolerances
action tolerances, tooth thickness,(Ten-Thousandths)
and other (inches)
dimensional tolerances for spur and helical master 1 1.0
gears. (See Section 8 for non-metric.) 2 1.5
8.1M Classification of Metric Master 3 2.0
Tolerances. Fivemastergear tolerance classes 4 2.5
are providedfor coarse modulegears and four 5 3.0
classesforfinemodule, 1.25 module and finer,
for spur and helical gears, numbered 1 through 5
in order of increasing precision (see Tables8-1M (1) Total Bandwidth. Unlike the 'K" chart profile
through 8-SM). variation tolerances for the QualityNumber of
the inspectedgears per this Standard, Master
8.2M ToothThicknessTolerance forMetric Gear Class hofile tolerances are established by a
Master Gears. Two tooth thickness tolerance constant bandwidth of the total values listed.
ranges are recognized, each having a code (Code
A and Code B) (see Table 8-1M and 8-SM). (2) FIM. Full Indicator Movement
8.3M Designation of Metric Master
Gear
Number.The class of accuracyfor spur and (3) An additional 0.0003 for end relief is
helicalmastergears is designated by its class allowed at either end of face; however, 80 percent
number, prefixed by Muster C denoting Muster central face shall be within tolerance shown.
Gear Class Number, and suffixed by the tooth
thickness code letter. Example:MasterC3A
8.4M Recommended Metric Application. ,The Table 8-2M
MasterGearClassNumberrecommendedfor
Reference Master Gear Class
each AGMAQualityNumber ofwork gear is
given in Table 8-SM. Composite Tolerances For
Coarse-Module
Table 8-1M (Diameter 50 - 150 mm)
Master Gear Class Element
Tolerance
Tolerances-Coarse Module
(Diameter SO - 150 mm) Class
Gear
Gear
Master
Element
(W)
Tolerance 1 2 3 4 5
Gear
Element Tooth
Master Gear Class to 7.5 5 3.5 2.5 2
1 2 3 4 5 Tooth
Runout Over
One Pin (FIM) 12.5 10 7.5 5.0 2.5 Total 19 15 11 7.5 5
Profilel 7.5 6.5 5 4 2.5
Variation
Pitch 5 5 2.5
2.5 2.5 (1) Master Gears (coarse
module) will be
qualified by elemental inspection. Qualificationby
composite method may be requested.

A G M A 2000-A 0687575 0001125 804
Table 8-3M
Additional Coarse-Module Master Gear Tolerance
Tooth Thickness
Code Tolerance (P)
Circular ToothCode
Thickness' A -+64
Code B 2 64
Tolerance (P)
Master Gear Class
3 1 2 4 5
Bore 2 + Tolerance 42 3 1 1
-0.0
~~
13 Outside
Radius (FIM)
13 13 13
Axial Runout Per O. 16 0.16 O. 16 0.16 o. 12

(mm) of Radius -
(FIM3)
5 OD Runout5 5 5 3
(1) Circular Tooth Thickness. It is the responsibility of the master gear manufacture, to provide an outside
diameter, and a testing radius based upon the actual tooth thickness as determined by an over pins
measurement. This outside diameter shall be calculatedto contact the inspected gear at its profile control
diameter at minimum tooth thickness. (See the method of calculation for master gears in Appendix G.)
(2) Bore. The difference between the effective bore size and the size betweenanytwodiametrically
opposite points shall not be more than the bore tolerance. Bell mouth w libe allowed on 10 percent of
l
the total bore length, with a length of bell mouth not to exceed 6 mm total.
(3) FIM. Full Indicator Movement
Table 8-4M
Tolerances for Fine-Module Spur and Helical Master Gears1
Classification by Composite Tolerance 2
Master Gear Class
Tolerances (um1
Composite Test
3 1 2 4
T~oth-T~-Tooth 5 4 2.5 1.5
Total 12 8.5 5.0 2.5
Classilication by Gear Elements

Master Gear Class
Tolerances (P)
Gear Element
3 1 2 43
Fitch Variation 3 2.5 2.0 1.5
Profile Variation4 4 3.5 2.5 1.5
Runout (FIM) 7 4.5 2.5 1.5
Tooth Alignment-Max Totap 3 3.0 3.0 3.0
ANSIfAGMA 92 2000-A88

A G M A 2000-A O b 8 7 5 7 5O O O L L 2 b 740
Gear Classification and Inspection Handbook for Unasembled Spur and Helical Gears
Table 8-4M (cont)

Tolerances for fie-Module Spur and Helical Master Gears1
Additional Tolerances
Tooth Pitch
Diameter Thickness Tolerance
Code (mm) (P)
A S 60mm 5
> 60mm 8
Circular Tooth Thickness’
B -1.25% Pitch
of Circular
A 60mm 1
Face Runout (FIM5)
B >60mm 3
Outside Radius8 13
Master Gear Class
Bore8 0 1 and 2 - 3
3 and 4 1
NOTES:
(1) When considering master -gears with fewer than 20 teeth, check with the manufacturer regarding
calibration and use.
(2) When a composite check is specified, it becomesnecessary to composite check this master with
another master of like or higherqualityclass.Unless it is clearly stated that the master must have a
total-composite-tolerancelevel,Classes 1 through 3 shall be consideredacceptable on the basis of
gear-tooth element checks only. Class 4 can only be accepted on the basis of both composite check and
the gear-tooth-element check as described above.
(3) Classification shall be by composite tolerance in this area.
(4) Not applicable to 0.25 Module and finer. The profile tolerances shown are total band width tolerance
(see Note 1 and Table 8-2M).
( 5 ) FIM. Full Indicator Movement. Gear runout is over one pin.
(6) Predicated on the allowance of an additional 3 pm for end relief at either end of the face; however,
80 percent central face shall be within the tolerance shown.
(7) Circular Tooth Thickness. It is the responsibility of the mastergear manufacturer to providean
outside diameter and a testing radius based uponthe actual tooth thickness as determined by an over pins
diameter at maximum tooth thickness. (See the method of calculation for Master Gearsin Appendix G. )
Value is based on Arc Tooth Thickness =
7t. m
2
(8) Tolerance all plus, only.
( 9 ) Bore. The difference between the effective bore sizeof any two diametrically oppositepoints shall not
be more than the bore tolerance. Bell mouth wli be allowed on 10 percent of the total bore length with a
length, of bell mouth not to exceed 6 mm total.
ANWAGMA 93

A G M A 2000-A m Ob875750001127687 m
Table 8-SM
Recommendation of Master Gear Classes for Inspecting Specified Quality
Metric Work Gears
Master Gear Classes for Course Module Gearing
WorkGear Module Coarser Module Module Module

Quality Number than 6 6 to 3 3 to 2 2 to 1.25
5 1 1 1 1
6 1 1 1 1
7 1 1 1 1
8 1 1 1 2
9 1 1 2 3
10 1 2 3 4
11 1 3 4 4
12 2 4 4 5
13 3 4 5 5
14 4 5 5 5
15 5 5 5 5
Master Gear Classes for Fine Module Gearing
Work Gear Module Module Module Module

Quality Number 1.25 to 28 0.8 to 0.5 0.5 to 0.3 0.3 to 0.2
5 1 1 1 1
6 1 1 1 1
7 1 1 1 2
8 1 2 1 2
9 1 2 2 3
10 3 2 2 3
11 3 3 3 4
12 3 3 4 4
13 4 3 4 4
14 4 4 4 4
15 4 4 4 4

9. MeasuringMethods and Practices to reduce inspection costs and assure a given level
of quality.
This Section describes the recommended 9.1.3 Inspection Data References.

methods and practices used for the inspection of 9.1.3.1 Reference Surfaces. In order to
spur and helicalinvolutegears.Practices and facilitate the machining, inspection, and assembly
inspection methods which are recognized and of a gear, the radial and axial auxiliary reference
accepted throughout the gearindustryasbeing surfaces should be indicated clearly on the
reliable have been included. manufacturing drawings (see Fig 9-1).
Thesemethods can provide accurate and 9.1.3.2 Reference Axis. The reference
repeatable measurements of the particular quality axis for a gear with a bore shall be the datum axis
whencorrectly applied. Experienced personnel, of rotation concentric to the bore. The reference
using calibrated instruments in a suitable axis for a gear with a shaft shall be the datum axis
environment, required.
are Exotic and of rotation established by the bearing support
research-type inspection methods have not been surfaces of the shaft.
included.
NOTE: No particular method of inspection

or documentation is considered mandatory
unless
specifically agreed uponbetween
manufacturer and purchaser. When
applications require inspections
beyond
those recommended this
in Standard,
special methods must be negotiated prior to
manufacturing the gear.
9.1 Inspection Practices. explained

As
previously, all gears are manufactured to a given OUTSIDE
level of accuracy (quality) by process control (see DIAMETER
ALT REF.
3.2). When inspection isspecified,itmaybe s!URFACE)
carried out by a number of alternate methods.
The selection depends not only on the magnitude
of the tolerance and the size of the gear, but also
on production quantities, available equipment,
and inspection costs.
L Fig 9-1 ReferenceSurfaces
9.1.1 Statistical
Sampling. Production
9.1.3.3 Reference Identification of
quantities, available equipment, labor, and
ToothData. When viewing a gear’s axial
inspection costs may influence the choice of using reference surface (see Fig 9-l), the teeth shall be
statistical
sampling methods. If sampling numbered for
identification
in a clockwise
inspection is to beutilized, the particular sampling direction from a datum tooth (k = 1, 2, 3 ... etc
plan shall be negotiated between manufacturer ... to case n). Then, the following terminology is
and purchaser. Asuggestedmethodwouldbe a validforidentification of external and internal
sampling plan in accordance with Mil-Std-1OSD
tooth data (see Fig 9-2):
Level II Normal 4 percent AQL (Acceptable (1) Flank (right or left). The surface
Quality Level). bounding a tooth when this tooth is viewed with its
9.1.2 First Piece Inspection. On
small tip above its root.
(2) Pitch(right or left). The pitch between
quantities of parts, first piece inspection with
process control for subsequent parts may be used corresponding flanks of tooth kl and k2 , etc.

A G H A 2000-A = Ob87575 OOOLL29 4 5 T
DATUM TOOTH perpendicular to the a x i s of rotation between the
LEFT F L A N K T J r RIGHT
FLANK
indicated
surface
Eccentricity and
and a datum surface.
Out-of-roundness
components of radial runout.
are
9.2.2.1 Eccentricity. Eccentricity is

often the principal contributor to radial runout. It
is often caused by the difference in centers used
during
cutting and running (or
testing), by
distortionsinmounting,or by acombination of
LEFT PITCH 1 LRIGHT
PITCH
both.
EXTERNAL
9.2.2.2 Out-of-Roundness. Out-of-
roundness is the irregular radial variation from a
datumsurface in a given plane of rotation,
exclusive of eccentricity.
Out-of-roundness may be caused by errors in

LEFT 'ITCH A /T RIGHT
PITCH machinetools,cuttingtools,lack
setup,hardnessvariationin
ofrigidity in
the gear blank, or
heat treat distortion.
9.2.3 RunoutMeasuringMethods. Radial

runout, V,., of gear teeth is measured by a
specifiedprobesuchasacylinder,ball, cone,
INTERNAL ' DATUM
TOOTH
rack, or gear tooth, and is made perpendicular to
the datum surface.
Radial runout, V,. , measurements may include

the effects of the following:
Fig 9-2 Tooth Identification - Eccentricity of the datum circle relative to
Terminology the datum axis
- Out-of-roundness of the datumcircle.
9.2 Runout of Teeth. Runout is the total - Axial runout (wobble) of gearblank
relative to the datum axis of rotation
variation of the distance between a datum surface,
and an indicated surface, measured perpendicular
- Tooth alignmentvariation
to the datum surface. In order to be meaningful, - Profilevariation
the datum surface, and the indicated surface must - Pitchvariation
be specified or identified. Typical
specified
- Tooththicknessvariation
runouts are axial and radial runout.
9.2.3.1 Indicating Over a Pin. Runout
9.2.1 Form of Axial Runout. Axialrunout is measured by indicatingadifferencein the
(wobble) exists when the axes of rotation of the indicatedvalue of the position of apinorball
datum surface and the indicating surface are not device, placed in each tooth space, relative to an
parallel. This is normally measured in a direction axis of rotation.
parallel to the axis of rotation of an indicated
surface from a datum surface. 9.2.3.2 Ball-Probe Test. RadialRunout
can be measured by indicating the position of a
9.2.2 Forms of Radial Runout. Radial ballprobe(seeFig 9-3). Othertypes of probes
Runout is formed by variationsin the distance can be used if applicable.

A G f l A 2000-A Ob87575 O O O L L 3 0 1 7 1
workgear and a mastergear on a gearrolling

fixture
(see Fig 9-4). The gears are rolled
together intight mesh, with one member on a
movable center which is spring or weight loaded.
The readings include variations of the reference
(master)gear and the tooth to-tooth composite
variations
in the gear
being tested. These
variations should be considered when judging the
acceptability of the gear being tested.
9.2.3.4 Root Circle or Outside Diameter
Runout Test. Runout may be measured by
indicating the root circle or the outside diameter,
when the finishing tool has machined these
I surfacessimultaneouslywith the tooth profiles.
Fig 9-3 RunoutCheck,Over Pin, Ball Machining
variations may affect
these
Probe measurements, but readings obtained do not
include the effects of various other itemsas
9.2.3.3 Composite Action Test. Radial previouslydescribedin 9.2.3. Therefore, this
Runout may be measured by observing the change method should only be used for Quality Numbers
in center distanceduring one revolution of the specified as Q7 and lower.
NORMAL OR
- ” “ SETUP CENTER ALTERNATEMETHODS
DISTANCE” (SET OF MAINTAINING TIGHT
MASTER WITH GAGE BLOCKS) MESH
GEARTOBE
- DIALINDICATOR
INSPECTED A I MUSTREAD ”O”
CENTER DIATANCE
.....................
J i L
Fig 9-4 Gear Rolling Fixture (Double Flank Testing)
ANWAGMA 97 ~OOO-AS~

9.2.4 Tangential
Method of Runout
Measurement. Tangential methods of runout
measurement are described in Appendices E and
F.
9.3 PitchVariation. Pitch,spacing,accumula
4 -tive pitch, and index variations are elemental
? parameters relatingtheto accuracy of tooth
locations around a gear. The following is a
description of the measuring methods, and a guide DATUM
tothe interpretation of data generated by the CIRCLE
measuring devices. Accumulative pitch and index
variations are not toleranced in this standard.
(For further discussion,see Appendix E.)
9.3.1 Methods of Pitch Variation Fig 9-5 Circular Pitch Measurement,
Measurement. Measurements for determining
pitch, spacing,accumulative pitch, and index
Two Probe Device
variations are made: 9.3.2.1 Two Probe Measurement
(1) At or near the center of the tooth profile. Device. The two probe method involves a device
which has one fixed probe contacting a flank on a
(2) In the transverse plane. Withhelical datum circle near the center -of tooth profile. The
gears, the pitch measurement may be made in the second probe, either a mechanical or electronic
normal plane, and the values then divided by the indicator, contacts the adjacent tooth flank at or
cosine of the helix angle ( V = VPn /cos \Ir ) for near the same point on the profile (see Fig 9 - 5 ) .
P
comparison with the specified tolerances in this As the gear is rotated around its datum axis, the
Standard. two probe device moves in and out on a precision
(3) Relative to the gear datum a x i s of rotation slide and stop, and indicates successive adjacent
with bench or floor type instruments, or relative pitches. These readings are then summed together
to thetop lands when using portable instruments. and divided by the number of teeth. This yields
thetrue position pitch, p m . The true position
Sequential tooth flanks in both directions of
pitch is then subtracted from each actualpitch
rotation should be used for pitch measurements.
reading to obtain the plus and minusvalues of
However, if the specific operating direction of the
pitch variation, V The pitch variations may then
gear is known, only the loaded flanks need to be P'
measured. be successivelysummed(observing
algebraic
signs) to obtain the values of accumulated pitch
9.3.2 Basic Devices for PitchVariation variationfor each tooth ending the summation,
Measurement. There are two common types of
devicesformeasuring pitch, spacing, and index
vaPk,which is also the index variation, vx , Total
variation. The two probe device is used for AccumulatedPitchVariation, V is the sumof
aP '
comparison of adjacent pitches around a gear, the maximum negative
accumulative
pitch
while the single probe device can determine the variation, subtracted from the maximum positive
actual location of each tooth around a gear (index accumulated pitch variation. Similarly, maximum
variation). total index variation is the sum of the maximum
The values of pitch, spacing, and index or minus index variation, subtracted from the
accumulated pitch variationcan be determined by maximumplus index variation. The maximum
either measuring device with suitable calculations. variation
has no plus or minus sign. The
However,forbestaccuracy, the single probe difference between adjacent values of pitch
method is preferred. (See Appendix E for further variation yields values of spacing variation, v . If
S
discussion of this subject.) base pitch variation is to be measured, align the

AGMA 2000-A Ob87575 O O O L L 3 2 T 4 4
measuringdevicealongatangent tothe base surfaces (outside diameter) of the teeth are used
circle as shown in Fig 9-6. for the datum surface, the readings are influenced
by runout of the gear's outside diameter. If base
pitches are measured, runout of the teeth may not
affect the readings;however,profilevariations
may affect the readings.
9.3.2.2 Single Probe Measurement

Device. A precision indexing device, such as an
indexplate,circledivider,optical or electronic
encoder, or polygon and auto collimator is used to
index the testgear tothe theoreticalposition
relative to a datum tooth (see Fig 9-8). A single
probe, on a precision slide mechanism, is brought
BASE CIRCLE \
into
contact with the first datum and each
successive tooth flank around the gear. The
Fig 9-6 Base Pitch Measurement, readingsfromthisseries of measurements are
Two Probe Device recordedas the actualvalue of indexvariation
from the theoretically correct position relative to
Measurement by the two probe systemhas the datum tooth. The difference between
been describedabove
for
a bench or floor successive
measurements
determines the
mounted measuringdevice.
Portable
pitch individualvalues of singlepitchvariation,
P
V .
measuring two probedevices are alsoavailable. The difference between any two adjacent values
These instruments
embody the mechanism of pitchvariation is calculated to determine the
describedabove, but inaportablehousing(see spacingvariation, V . The differencebetween
Fig 9-7). The instrument ismoved around the S
gear,engagingsuccessivepitches, and variations minimum and maximumindexreadingsistotal

shown on the indicator are recorded. If the top accumulated pitch variation, V
OP'
Fig 9-7 Portable Pitch Measuring Device (Circular Pitch)

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 O O O L L 3 3 980 m
INDEX MECHANISM
CIRCLE
(V,)
DASHLINESREPRESENT
THEORETICAL LOCATION
W
Fig 9-8 Schematic of Single Probe Measuring Device
Computer Numerical Control (CNC) type, or value is the amount by which the probes were set
coordinate measuring machines can also be used off from the true position pitch). To eliminate the
to measure gears in the above described manner. amount of the probe setting error from the results,
These usually will include the use of a rotary axis the mean value is subtracted from each individual
with an encoder controlled index. value,
which
gives
individual
plus or minus
9.3.3 Use of Tooth Position Measuring deviations of each individual measured pitch from
Devices.Pitchvariations and indexvariations the theoretical true positionpitch.Thesesingle
can be measured by either the two probe device pitchvariations, V for the hypotheticalgear of
P'
or the single probe device. Fig 9-9, will be graphed as shown by the chart of
9.3.3.1 Use of the Two Probe Device. Pitch Variation of Fig 9-9, and column C of the
The actualmeasurementsindicated by probe tabulation shown in Fig 9-9.
deflection of the two probe device read directly as (4) Accumulated Pitch Variation.bpk, is
singlepitchvariation, " j . The procedure isas calculated by the algebraic addition of successive
follows: singlepitchvariations, as shownin the chart of
(1) Set the probes against identical spots on index variations ofFig 9-9 and in column D, or
adjacent tooth flanks and adjust so that the probe the tabulation in Fig 9-9.
deflection indicator is about in the middle of its 9.3.3.2 Use of the Single Probe Device.
range. The measurements indicated by the deflection of
(2) Take successive measurements all around the probe of the single probe device read directly
the gear. in Index Variation, Vx . The procedure is as
NOTE: The following steps are usually follows:
computerized. (1) Set the probe against the selected datum
(3) Each
measurement is stored, then tooth and adjust the indicator to a zero reading.
averaged to arrive at a mean value.(Thismean (2) Take successive measurements all around
ANSIIAGMA 1O0 moo-~aa

A G M A 2000-A D Ob87575 O O O L 1 3 4 817 D
the gear. The output is shown in Fig 9-9 in the 9.3.4.1 T w o Probe Device for Pitch
graphic chart of Index Variation, and in column Variation. Measurements by thismethod are
A of the tabulation. made with a deviceasshowninFig 9-5. The
readings are tabulated as shown in column D of
NOTE: Index Variation is synonymous Fig 9-9, or recorded on a graph as shown in Fig
with Accumulated Pitch Variation, so that 9-10. Readings are taken; they are summed and
accumulated pitch variation, hpk, can be then divided by the number of teeth. The result is
read directly
from the index variation .
the true position pitch, pm If working only with
readings. Total accumulated
pitch tabulated values, the true position pitch, p m , is
variation, , is the total of the greatest subtracted algebraically from each readingin
positive and negative readings at index column D. The results are listed, as in column F,
variation. for values of plus or minus pitch variation, V If
P'
using a recorder or graphical method, the data will
(3) To find the single pitch variation, vP , of
appear in the form shown in Fig 9-10. It is
any pitch, the Index Variation ofthe tooth is necessary to read the value of each data point,
algebraically subtracted from the Index Variation sum them, and divide by the number of teeth to
of the preceding tooth, as shown in tabular get the true position pitch, pm . This value is then
column B ofFig 9-9.
plotted as a line atthe proper position on the
9.3.4 Pitch Variation, Vp .
Pitchvariations graph. All values of pitchvariation, V are then
P
can be measured by either a two probe device or a read as the plus or minus' difference from the true
single probe device. position pitch, p m .
A
Single Probe
O
- Preclslon Method
Pitdlhvulrtbn
t - D
Two Probe Method
S
m d
JU-
E
Dlft.Bavsa
M].Pi
t
ch
vs
p
hc
h-
P
RadtnpMlnw
Avaclec
VP
o Ref.
o
VX
B +2 AtoB O W 2 +2 +2
c +i UtoC -2 o +2
I
* 2
CtoD O 8 +2
+4 6
E -2 DtoE -1 b11 -6 -2
P O EtoP O - 4 +2 O
o -2 PwO -4 - 4 -2 -2
A O OtoA O ' - 0 +2 O
M.x.Pllch.
mwon
M"!$ N-7 I-" b
L
z
tl
E -
Mu. Fitch
nrl*kn
Vp -6 vs = 8 -2 A-. vs = 8 Vp -6 =6
Fig 9-9 Relationships of Pitch, Spacing, and Index Spacing, or Accumulated Pitch
ANWAGMA 101 2000-A88

AGHA 2000-A m Ob87575 0001135 7 5 3 m
9.3.5Spacing Variation, 5.
Spacing
+ I variations can also be measured by either a two

probe or a single probe device.
9.3.5.1 Two Probe Device for Spacing.
Spacing variation measurements are also made by
a deviceasshown in Fig 9-5. The readings are
tabulated asshown in column D, Fig 9-9, or
recorded on a graph. When using a table, spacing
variation values, 5
, are found as the difference
betweentwo adjacent valuesincolumn D, and
listedasshownincolumn E. Whenusing a
PAIRS OF ADJACENT TEETH recorder or graphical method, the readings from
the two probe device will be displayed as shown in
Fig 9-12. Spacing variation, V' , values are read
Fig 9-10 Pitch Variation, Two Probe as the difference betweenany adjacent data
points.
Device
f i
9.3.4.2 Single Probe Device for Pitch
Variation. A device, as shown in Fig 9-8, is used
for this method of measurement. The readings are v,
(&9,9-10)
either tabulated as shown in Fig 9-9, column A,
or recorded on a graph, as inFig 9-1 1. When
using the tabular method, values of pitch
variation, V as shownincolumn B, are found
P'
by taking the difference between adjacent values
of index variation, 3 , as shown in column A. If
using a recorder orgraphicalmethod,values of
pitch variation, V , are found as the difference PAIRS OF ADJACENT TEETH
P
between the adjacent data points.
Fig 9-12 Spacing Variation, Two Probe
Device
:t
I II
1 9.3.5.2 Single Probe Device for
Z + 1Spacing. A single probe device, as shown in Fig
O 9-8, can also beused to determine spacing
variation. The readings are either tabulated as
shown in Fig 9-9, column A, or determined from
a graph, asshowninFig 9-13. Whenusing the
tabular method, it is first necessary to follow the
procedure outlined in 9.3.4.2 (single probe
device) to find pitch variation, , values.
6 10 5
Spacingvariationvalues, V asshownincolumn
1 2 34-5 S
TOOTHNUMBER C, are found as the difference between two
adjacent valuesof pitch variation. When using a
Fig 9-11 Pitch Variation, Single Probe graph, the values of pitch variation, V , are taken
Device as the difference between any
P
adjacent data
I

points. List them in a table, as shown in Fig 9-9, ( 5 ) To find total accumulated pitch variation,
column B. Take the differences between adjacent vOP' (total index variation), algebraicallysubtract
values in this column, and list them in column the maximum and minimum values in column G.
C as the values of spacing variation, % .
9.3.6.2 Single Probe Device for
Accumulated Pitch. Accumulated
pitch
variation may also be measured on a single probe
device,asshownin Fig 9-8. The readings are
4
zt either tabulated, as shown in Fig 9-9 column A,
O or recorded on a graph, as shown in Fig 9-14. To
find total accumulatedpitchvariation, V (total
OP'
index variation), algebraically subtract the
maximum and minimum values in column A. In
the case of recorded or graphed data, read the
difference between the maximum and minimum
values of the total accumulatedpitchvariation,
-
n
Z-
O
X
W 1 , or total index variation.
6 8 9 10 vQP
TOOTHNUMBER
SECTOR OF
THREEPITCHES
Fig 9-13 Spacing Variation, Single
Probe Device
r
+
9.3.6 Accumulated Pitch
Variation,V
OP
.
This variation, also known as index variati0n.VX '
may be measured by a two probe or single probe O
device.
9.3.6.1 Two Probe Device for
Accumulated Pitch. Measurements
for
accumulated pitch variation are made by a two
probe device as shown in
Fig
9-5.
Use the 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0
following procedure, and refer to Fig 9-9: TOOTHNUMBER
(1) Take allreadings around the gear and Fig 9-14 Accumulated Pitch Variation,
tabulate the plus and minus values, as shown in Single Probe Device
column D.
(2) Sum the readings in column D and divide 9.3.7 Total Accumulated PitchVariation
by the number of teeth. The result is the true Within a Sector of k Pitches, V (Total Index
i position pitch, p m . OPk
Variation Within a Sector of k Pitches). When
(3) Algebraically subtract the true position evaluating the total index variation within a sector
pitch, p m , from each reading in column D, and of k pitches, or the total accumulatedpitch
record the plus and minusvalueresultsaspitch variation within a sector of k pitches, Vapk, use
variation, V , incolumnF. the procedures outlined in 9.3.6. From the list or
P
(4) Add successivevalues of pitchvariation graph of individualvalues of index variationor
and tabulate asshown in column G . These are accumulatedpitch
variation, determine the
individual
values of index variation or greatest difference within any sector of k pitches
accumulated pitch variation. or within a sector of k pitches froma datum tooth,
ANSIiAGMA 103 . 2000-AS8

See example inFig 9-14 whichshows total The gearmust be accurately mounted and
accumulated pitch variation, % p 3 , within a sector held with its datum axis of rotation in coincidence
of 3 pitches. with the instrument spindle axis. Additionally,the
probe tip must be accurately positioned withinthe
9.4 Profile. Profile is the shape of the tooth plane tangent to the base cylinder with its zero roll
flank from its root to its tip. The functional profile position precalibrated (see Fig 9-16).
is the operating portion which is in actual contact
during tooth mesh, and cannot extend below the OUTSIDE CIRCLE
I ROOT CIRCLE
base cylinder.
9.4.1 Profile
Inspection
Methods. The
normal measurement methods of profile are with
generative, coordinate, or portable involute
checking instruments.
9.4.1.1 GenerativeInvolute Checking
Instruments. The most
common instruments
usedfor
inspection of profile are generative
involute checking instruments. These instruments
measure the variation of the actual profile from a
nominal involute profile which is generated by the
instrument. Generating the nominal involute
requires a tangential movement of a measurement
probe onthe surfacein a synchronized, linear
relationship with rotational movement of the gear
mounted on the instrument spindle (see Fig
9-15).
DIRECTION OF MEASUREMENT
SECTION X Y -
Fig 9-16 Profile Measuring Method
Probetips may be chiselpoint,disk,or
spherical,provided that accurate positioningis
maintained. Measurement of extreme profile
modificationmayrequire correction forshift of
probe contact point.
Fig 9-15 Schematic of Involute
It is often desirable to orient the measurement
Inspection Device probe path of motion normal to the tooth surface.
Generative involute checking instrumentsmay It should be noted that this Standard specifies
employ a masterbasecircle or masterinvolute profile tolerances in the transverse plane. If
cam to generate the nominal involute curve. Such measurements are made in the normal plane, all
instruments may include a ratio mechanism which values must be corrected by dividing by the cosine
relates the actual workpiecebasecircle to the of the helix angle before comparison against the
masterbasecircle.Generativeinvolutechecking tolerances.
instruments mayemploy a ComputerNumerical 9.4.1.2 Coordinate
Measurement
Controlelectronicdrivesystem to generate the Inspection
Instruments. Involute
profile can
nominal involute curve. be inspected by non-generative, coordinate
104 2000-A88

A G M A 2000-A Ob87575 O O O L L 3 8 4b2 W
measurementinstruments.
Such
instruments checking instrument which can be taken to the
indicate the tooth profile by a series of discrete gear. Such instruments may operate on a variety
points, storing the coordinates of each point. The of generative or non-generativeprinciples. The
variation of the actual profile from the nominal is portable instrument must be accurately mounted
then determined by comparison of the stored test at a known distance from, and in alignment with,
point coordinates against calculated coordinatesof the gearaxis.Thisoftenrequiresextracarein
J the theoretical nominal profile (see Fig 9-17). design and manufacture of the gear blank.
f 9.4.2 ProfileCharts. Amplifiedtraces of
REFERENCE profile inspection test results should be presented
on charts which are calibrated for degrees of roll
or rolling path length as well as magnification of
measured variation (see Fig 9-18).
An unmodified profile with no variations will
be charted as a straight line. Excess material on
the profileisconsideredaplusvariationwhile
insufficient
material
considered
is minus
a
variation. In addition to identifying the location
and magnitude of the highest point on the profile
W
Fig 9-17 Profile Inspection by
or the maximum profile variation, these charts are
valuablefordeterminingprofilecharacteristics
such as tip rounds, undercut, and tip or root relief
(see Fig 9-19).
Coordinates (Tangent to the Base 9.4.2.1 ProfileTolerances. The profile

Circle) toleranceslisted
in
this Standard are to be
interpreted by a standard “K” chart, as shown in
Coordinate
measurement
inspection Fig 9-20. The tolerance is the allowable envelope
instrumentsmay operate in two dimensions (X of this standard “IC” chart for each portion of the
and Y coordinates) or three dimensions (X,Y, functionalprofile.Profiletraces which fit within
and Z coordinates). Measurement of an involute the shaded zone are considered acceptable.
profile withtwo dimensionalsystemsrequires
accurate mounting of the gear with
its
axis Profile
tolerances
may
alternatively be
perpendicular to the X-Y plane. Three specifiedbyatabular method. Thismay be
dimensional systems require alignmentof the gear particularly useful with inspection systems capable
axis parallel to one of the three instrument axes. of handling test data in digital form.
This may be accomplished by accurate mounting
9.4.3 ”K” Chart Tolerance Modification. It
of thepart, or mathematically adjusting the
may bedesirable to modify the involuteprofile
instrumentaxis to coincide with the gearaxis.
“K” chart tolerancezone.Suchmodifications
Coordinatemeasurementinspectioninstruments
mightbe in response to specification of special
commonly use spherical measurement probe tips
design
characteristics
relief.
tip
such
as
which requirecorrectionforshift of the probe
Additionally,
profile “K” chart tolerance
contact point.
modifications may be desired to relax or tighten
9.4.1.3 Portable Involute Checking control of certain characteristics of an unmodified
Instruments. Profilemeasuringinstruments are involute form. In such cases, specific agreements
generally fixed type machines. Gears to be tested must be made between
manufacturer
and
must be brought to the instrument and accurately purchaser,sincemodification of the profile “K”
mounted, typically on axis, between centers or on chart tolerance is beyond the scope of this
a face plate. However, for very large gears it may Standard. Refer to Appendix C for examples of
be preferable to employ portable
a involute modified charts.

A G R A 2000-A m Ob87575 0001139 3T9 m
O. 0006
33
30
27
24
21
18
15 THEORETICAL
PITCH CIRCLE
12
BASE CIRCLE
9
6
3
O
O . 0007
OUTSIDEDIAMETER
Fig 9-18 Graphic Charting of Points On a Profile
TIP BREAK
UNDERCUT
-"
TRUE PLUS PROFILE MINUS PRÖFILE UNDERCUT &
PROFILE (MINUS PRESSURE ANGLE) (PLUS
PRESSURE ANGLE)
TIP
CHAMFER
Fig 9-19 Typical Tooth Profile Measurement Charts

A G f l A 2000-A m 0687575 oflfl114fl 010
OUTSIDE
LDIAMETER
TOOTH
REFERENCE LINE
Fig 9-20 Involute Profile Tolerance Zone
9.4.4 OtherProfile Checking Methods employedforinspection of gearprofiles.These

9.4.4.1 Projection. A shadow of the gear methods do not yield actualmeasurements of
tooth under inspection may be optically magnified variation of an inspected profile from a nominal.
and directlyreflex
or projected to permit However, in instances where the measurement by
comparison of the profile to a large scale layout othersuggestedmethods is notfeasible,these
of a specified profile (see Fig 9-21). This method indirect methods may prove valuable.
is generally limited to small gears. However, when
(1) MultipleThicknessMeasurement. The
gears are toolarge to be mounted in the projector,
a thin wafer (cut simultaneously with the gear), or chordal tooth thickness and associated addendum
a mold of agear tooth form may be usedfor depth forseveralpositions on a tooth may be
projection.
This
methodrequires two
known computed for a gear tooth caliper (see 9.7.2.1).
reference surfaces to locate the image both Comparison of measurements with the computed
radially and angularly. values willgive an indication of profile accuracy
(see Fig 9-22). However, readings give no clue as
to whichprofilemayhave an error, sincetwo
flanks of a measured tooth are contacted at the
same time. This method will not reveal variations
which cancel each other, such as those caused by
a form cutter, which has been offset from a true
radial position.
(2) Auxiliary Gaging Elements. The theorical

position ofwires, rolls,pins,orballs of several
Fig 9-21 Profile Inspection by Optical different diameters placed in a tooth space may be
Projection computed and compared to actual measurements
(see Fig 9-23). This methodhas
limitations
9.4.4.2 Indirect
Profile
Inspection similar to those of gear tooth caliper
Methods. The following techniques may be measurments.
"

A G M A 2000-A = Ob87575 O O O l l L l L T57
(3) Contact Pattern Checks. The mating of a on the surface of a cylinder which is concentric
gear for contact pattern checking with another of with the datum axis of rotation of the gear. Tooth
known profile may indicateprofilevariations. alignmentisrestricted tothe operatingportion
However, this method is beyond the scope of this which is intended to be in contact during loaded
Standard. Refer to Appendix D for this method. operation, and does not includeedge rounds or
chamfers.
Lead, as a term used for
helical
or
herringbone gears, is the axial advance of a helix
for one complete turn of the gear. The lead of a
spurgear, therefore, is infinite. The lead of a
helical gear is commonly specified bythe angle of
inclination of the helix to the axis of rotation at a
specified diameter. Thishelixangle is normally
specified at the standard pitch diameter.
Tooth alignment variation
(formerly
lead
variation) is the difference between the specified
and the measured tooth alignment of the gear,
measured normal to the specified alignment (see
Fig 9-24).
TOOTH
MEASURED - ALIGNMENT
Fig9-22ProfileInspection by
Gear-Tooth Caliper Method
HELICAL TOOTH
Fig 9-24 Tooth Alignment Variation
9.5.1 Tooth Alignment Inspection
Methods.The normal methods of measuring
tooth alignment are with generative, coordinate,
or portable checking instruments.
9.5.1.1 Generative Tooth Alignment
Checking Instruments. The most
commonly
used instruments for inspectionof tooth alignment
are generative tooth alignment checking
instruments.
Such
instruments
measure the
variation of the actual tooth alignmentfrom a
Fig 9-23 Profile Inspection by nominal tooth alignment which is generatedby the
Measurement over Pins instrument. Generation of the nominal tooth
9.5 Tooth Alignment. Tooth alignment is the alignment requires the axial movement of a
lengthwise alignment of the tooth flank across the measurement probe in a synchronized,linear
face from one end to the other. The theoretical relationship with rotational movement of the gear
tooth alignment of a spur gear is a straightline mounted on the instrument spindle
(see Fig
parallel to itsrotatingaxis. Tooth alignment of 9-25), When measuring spur gears, the rotational
helical or herringbone gears is a helix contained movement is eliminated.
ANSIIAGMA 108 2000-ASS

A G M A 200Q-A 0687575 O O O l I L 4 2 993 =
Generative tooth alignment

checking
instruments may employ a variety of mechanical
configurations to generate the nominal tooth
alignment.Commonly, the gear is rotated by a
masterdiskdriven by astraightedge,which in
turn is driven by the axial movement of the probe
slide.
I
The tangential movement of the straight edge
is translated into axial movement of the probe by
a ratio mechanism. Combination instruments also
capable of checking involute profile often utilize
their
master
base
circle
mechanisms in this
manner. Other configurations include master lead
bar and followermechanisms, and master lead
screw and change gearing
mechanisms.
Generative tooth alignment checking instruments
may employ
Computer
a Numerical
Control
electronicdrivesystems to generate the nominal
tooth alignment trace.
The gear must be accurately positioned with

its
axis of rotation in coincidence with the
instrumentspindleaxis.Additionally, the probe
tip is usually positioned to operate normal to the
tooth surface, at or near the pitch diameter (see
Fig9-25GraphicCharting of Tooth Fig 9-26). Probe tips mostcommonlyused are
Alignment spherical or disk shaped.
DATUM
BASE CIRCLE
CIRCLE
TANGENT 1 7!
OF POINTER
BASE
CIRCLE
Fig 9-26 Probe Positioning for Tooth Alignment Inspection

AGHA 2000-A 0687575 0001143 B 2 T m
9.5.1.2 Coordinate
Measurement taken to the gear. The portable instrument must
InspectionInstruments. Tooth alignmentcan be accurately mounted at a known distance from,
be inspected by non-generative, coordinate and in alignmentwith, the gearaxis.Thisoften
measurementinstruments.
Such
instruments requires extra care in design and manufacture of
probe the tooth lengthwise at a series of discrete the gear blank.
points, storing the rectangular coordinates of each
9.5.2 Tooth Alignment Charts. Amplified
point. The variation of the actual tooth alignment
traces of toothalignmentinspectiontestresults
from the nominal is then determined by
should be presented on charts which are
comparison of the stored testpointcoordinates
calibrated
for
axial
displacement and
the
againstcalculatedcoordinates of the theoretical
magnification of the measured tooth alignment
nominal tooth alignment.
variation.
Coordinate
measurement
inspection Alignment of an unmodified tooth free of any
instruments operate in three dimensions (X,Y, variations will be charted as a straight line. Excess
and Z coordinates) to measure tooth alignment. material is consideredaplus (+) variationwhile
The gear axis must be aligned parallel with one of insufficientmaterialisconsideredaminus (-)
the three instrument axes. . This may be variation. In addition to identifying the location
accomplished by accurate mountingof the part, or and magnitude of tooth alignment variations,
mathematically
adjusting
instrument
axis to these charts are valuable for identifying suchtooth
coincide with the gear axis.
Coordinate alignmentcharacteristicsasedgechamfers, end
measurementinspectioninstrumentscommonly relief, crown, and taper (see Appendix C).
use
spherical
measurement probe tips
which
require correction for shiftof probe contact point. 9.5.2.1 Tooth Alignment Tolerances.
The toothalignmenttolerancesspecifiedinthis
Standard are to be interpreted by a "K" chart as
9.5.1.3 Portable Tooth Alignment shown in Fig 9-27. The tolerance is the allowable
Checking Instruments. Tooth alignment envelope of the "K" chart for each portion of the
measuringinstruments are generallyfixedtype functional tooth alignment. Measuredtooth
machines which require that the gears to be tested alignment traces which fit within the shaded zone
must be brought to the instrument and accurately are considered acceptable. Tooth alignment
mounted, typically on axis between centers or on tolerancesmayalternatively be specified by a
a face plate. However, for very large gears it may tabular
method.
This
may be particularly
be preferable to employ portable
a tooth attractive for use with inspection systems capable
alignmentchecking
instrument
which can be of handling test result data in digital form.
HIGHPOINT OF TOOTH CHART MUST

BE TANGENT TO REFERENCE LINE
FUNCTIONAL
TOOTH
ALIGNMENT
r
I WlDT FACE 4
Fig 9-27 Tooth
Alignment
Tolerance,
Zone

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 O O O L L ~ 47bb m
9.5.3 "K" Chart Tolerance Modification. OF HELIX ACTUAL LEAD

OF HELIX
It may be desirable to modify the tooth alignment I /
tolerance "K" chart envelope. Such chart
modifications mightbe in response to specification
FACEWDTH
of specialdesigncharacteristicssuchascrown.
Additionally, tooth alignment tolerance "K" chart
modifications may be desired to relax or tighten
control of certain characteristics of an unmodified I PATH OF CONTACT
OF MEASURING POINTER
tooth alignmentform. In suchcases,specific i f
agreements must be made between manufacturer
and purchaser, sincemodification of the tooth
alignment tolerance "K" chart is beyond the
scope of this Standard (see Appendix C).
9.5.4 Long and Short Lead. This Standard

describes variations of tooth alignment in terms of
plus and minus variations measured normalto the
tooth alignment. It may be advantageousfor
machining adjustments to additionallydesignate
observedvariations in terms of long and short
lead. The relationshipbetween tooth alignment,
lead, and helixangleissuch that as the helix Fig 9-28 ToothAlignment of Right
-i
; angle increases, the lead length shortens; thus a Hand Helical Gear, Short Lead (-)
short lead (minus lead) indicates an increasein
helix angle, and a long lead (plus lead) indicates a
decrease in helix angle.
ACTUAL
HELIX
OF
LEAD
I
7 p D E S l R E D LEAD
OF HELIX
CAUTION:Plus and minus tooth FACEWDTH

alignment traces maybeambiguousas to
interpretation of an excess or
lack of
material. They are dependent upon where
the stylus is zeroed, and whether readings I
are taken on opposite flanks of the same
i I
PATH OF CONTACT
r O F MEASURINGPOINTER
tooth oron adjacent flanks of the same

space. A minus lead is not necessarily the
samethingas a minus tooth alignment
trace. For this reason it is important to use
the figures for interpretation.
9.5.4.1 Right Hand Gears. If the gear

being checked hasright hand external helical
teeth,andthe charted linedeviatesfrom the
datum line as shown in Fig 9-28, then the actual
lead is shorter thanthe desired lead. If the
charted linedeviatesfrom the datumline as
shown in Fig 9-29, then the actual lead is longer Fig 9-29 Tooth Alignment of Right
than the desired lead. Hand Helical Gear, Long Lead (+)

AGHA 2000-A 0687575 0001145 b T 2
9.5.4.2 Left Hand Gears. When the teeth have

a left hand helix, as shown in Fig 9-30, and the
charted linedeviatesfrom the datum line as
shown then the lead is longer than the desired
lead. When the charted line deviates as shown in
Fig 9-31, then the actual lead is shorter than the
desired lead.
PATH OF CONTACT
9.5.5 Indirect Tooth Alignment Inspection OF MEASURING POINTER
Methods. The following indirect methods may be
employed for inspection of gear tooth alignment.
These methods do not provide the actual levels of
tooth alignment variation. However, in instances
where the measurement methods outlined in93.1
are impractical, these indirect methods may prove
valuable.
9.5.5.1 Tooth Alignment Indication

Using Axial Pitch. An indication of tooth
alignment
accuracy
may be derivedfrom
inspection of axialpitch on gearswithsufficient
helix angle and face width to have multiple axial Fig 9-30 ToothAlignment of Left
overlaps. The measurement must be made parallel Hand Helical Gear, Long Lead (+)
to the gear axis at increments equal to the axial
pitch. The variationinresultingmeasurement
values is indicativeof variation of tooth alignment.
Pitch variations of the measured teeth can affect
axial
pitch measurements, and must be
considered. The axialpitch method of tooth
alignmentinspection is especiallyattractivefor
large diameter, wide face width gears.
9.5.5.2 Tooth Alignment Checking with I PATH OF CONTACT

OF MEASURING POINTER
a Master Gear. Contact pattern checking with a i f
mastergear may be used to check the tooth
alignmentvariation of gears in place, orwhen
gears are too large to be accomodated in a lead
checking instrument. The axes of the gear and
master must be parallel. Refer to Appendix D for
this method.
9.6 Composite Action Methods of Gear

Inspection.
There
are composite
two
measurement methods of gear inspection:
(1) Single flank composite test Fig 9-31 Tooth Alignment of Left Hand
(2) Composite action test, double flank Helical Gear, Short Lead (-)

AGNA 2000-A m Ob87575 O O O L L 4 b 539 m
9.6.1 Single Flank Composite Test. The in tightmeshcenterdistance by eitheradial

method of inspection using single flank composite indicator,
or
recording
devices that produce
testing of gearsisbeyond the scope of this charts.
Composite action
charts are amplified
Standard. For this method see Appendix F. traces of acompositeactiontestpresented on
9.6.2 Composite Action Test, Double chartssynchronized to work rotation, andthe
Flank. The compositeactiontest is a means of magnification of the measured radial displacement
inspecting the workgear by the doubleflank of compositevariation.Figure 9-32is atypical
contact method. The work gear is mounted on a chart showing the interpretation of the data. This
rolling fixture with a variable center distance, and figure shows the interpretation for tooth-to-tooth
run in tight (zero backlash) mesh against a master composite variation and total composite variation.
gear.
The variations shown in Fig 9-32 include the
The variations in center distance, which occur
as the gears are rotated together in tight mesh,are effects of the variationswhichexistinboth the
either stylus recorded on a chart or require the workgear and the master gear. When required,
reading of a dial indicator. the results of compositeactiontestsshould be
reported in accordance with 9.6.3.1 and 9.6.3.2.
Gearvariationsevaluated by the composite
action test are tooth-to-tooth composite variation 9.6.3.1 Tooth-to-Tooth Composite
and totalcompositevariation.Incertaincases, Variation
Data. Tooth-to-tooth
composite
functional tooth thickness and radial runout can
variation data, duringacompositeactiontest,is
also be evaluated (see 9.2.3.3).
obtained as the work gear is rotated through any
The tooth-to-toothcompositevariation and angle of 360°/N. This test indicates values which
the total composite variation can be evaluated by include the effects of profile, pitch, tooth
meshingwithamastergearwhichhassmaller thickness, and tooth alignment variations in both
variations than those expected in the gears to be the work gear and in the master gear. There is no
inspected. If onlythesetwovariations are to be practical wayof subtracting the variations in the
evaluated, lower master gear class tooth thickness specified (master) gear from the recorded values.
tolerances, and fixtures with undefinedcenter The permissiblevalues of tooth-to-tooth
distances may be used. compositevariationtolerancedinthisStandard
9.6.3 Interpretation of Composite Action are the maximum values as read on a dial or from
Test Data. Gear rolling fixtures indicate changes a chart for any 360°/N segment.
L
1 REVOLUTION (360') OF WORK GEAR --
O O O 0 O O 01 O
Fig 9-32 Strip Chart from Composite Action Test

A G H A 2000-A Ob87575 0001147 475
9.6.3.2 Total Composite Variation Data. reflected in the inspection results.

Total composite variation data, duringa (2) Parallelism of Axes. The fixtureshould
composite action test, is obtained when the work be designed for holding the work gear on a datum
gear is rotated through one complete revolution. a x i s whichis parallel tothe mastergearaxis.
The effects of totalcompositevariationin the Somefixturesprovideameans of tilting the
specified(master)gearmay be compensated for master gearand work gear axes in relation to each
by the following procedure: other. Such fixtures should incorporate provisions
(1) Determine the total composite variation, for accurately settingthe tilt angle and re-aligning
V c q , as measured on the chart or dial indicator. the axis to the zero position with precision. This
(2) Obtain the total composite
variation, requirement also implies that provision should be
made for keepingafixedangularrelationship
Vcqm' of the master gear
(obtained
from
between the axis of the work gear and that of the
calibration). mastergearduringtheirmovementtoward and
(3) Determine the total composite tolerance, away from each other.
~ callowed ~ ~ ,
on drawing. (3) Mounting.Provisionshould be made for
holding the work gear in the gear rolling fixture by
Then the following cases apply:
the same mounting surfaces as those whichwill be
If vcq 5 vcqT - Y q m 9 work gear is acceptable. usedin the finalassembly,whenthosesurfaces
are specified on the geardrawing.Althoughnot
If Vcq > tqT + Kqm, workgearis rejected. essential to the conduct of the inspection, the use
of these mounting
surfaces will eliminate
If neither of these conditions exist, the work differences, whichmay be due to radialand
gear is inquestion.Compensationforvariations lateral runout variations in the mounting.
may be made by phasing, which can be done by (4) MaintainingPrescribedMesh.Provision
indexing the master gear with respect to the work shouldbemadeforadjusting the forcekeeping
gear, repeating the test and analyzing the results. the test gear and master gear in tight mesh. This
The work gear is acceptable, if the highest of the force should be uniform over the entire reading
phased reading is: scale. Two traditional methods of doing this are:
v cg 5 'cqT + Kqm (a) by means of aweight,or(b)by means of a
spring.
9.6.4 Equipment Requirements for
( 5 ) ChangesinCenterDistances. hovision
Composite Action Testing. Figure 9-4 shows a
should be madeforaccuratelyindicating the
schematic diagram of a gear rolling fixture. This
changes in the center distance that occur during
figure and the following discussion is intended to
the testing. This may be done by means of a dial
show the basic kinematic and mechanical
indicatororarecordingdevice. If recording is
requirements of the equipment necessary to
employed, it is desirable to have definite
a
comply with this Standard. It is not intended to
relationship betweenthe position on the chart and
imply that this is the only acceptable construction.
a circumferential position on either the work gear
Some items to be considered, which influence or master gear. An accurate methodof calibrating
the composite action test measurements, are: the dial indicator or recording equipment over its
(1) MinimumRunout or Wobble.Provision working range is essential.
should be made for the master gear to rotate with (6) Other Considerations. Additional features
aminimum of runout orlateralwobble.Fixed which contribute to the ease of operation and the
hardened and ground studs are generally used for accuracy of the results are:
master
gears with hardened bores. Ground (a)Means of quickly and accuratelysetting
bushings, precision interference ball bushings, or different center distances on the fixture.
centersforuse with shank typemastergears (b) Means of driving the gears mechanically
should be consideredformoreaccuratetest at low speedinpreference to turningthem by
results. Any clearance between the test gear bore hand. This reduces the chance that small
or hub and its mounting stud or bushing will be variations will be undetected if the gear is driven

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 0001148 301 m
too fast and also reduces handling of the master applied when using the composite variation test:
gear. (1) A master gear and a gear rolling fixture
(c) Means of protecting the equipment from should be calibrated as outlinedin Appendix G or
contaminants and accidental damage. by other means whichwill resultinequivalent
(d) Solidbases and a dust free temperature accuracy.
controlled environment are requirements for the (2) The gear to be inspected and the master
measurement of gears of extreme accuracy. gear are to be mounted on the gear rolling fixture.
9.6.5 InspectionEquipment.In order to If mounting surfaces are specified, these are to be
achieve the most accuracte economical inspection used. Set the checking load in accordance with
the procedure used and the quality of the rolling 9.6.7.
fixtures and master gears should be matched to (3) The work gear is then rotated through at
the quality of the gears to be inspected. least one completerevolution, in double-flank
contact with the master gear.
9.6.5.1 Gear Rolling Fixture. Due to (4) The work gearis to be accepted or
the complexity of the complete gear
rolling rejected on thebasis of the method given in 9.6.3.
fixture, it is not possible to specify absolute levels The interpretation of the recorded chart isgiven
of fixture quality. Any inaccuracies in the fixture in Fig 9-32.
will reduce the tolerance allowed for the inspected
gear. The fixturequality and the reliability of 9.6.7 Checking Spring
Load and Mass
calibration must be compatible with the work gear Weight. The amount of appliedspringload or *
tolerance. It is suggested that the fixture accuracy dead weight(mass)is important whenchecking
and calibration be within 10 percent of the part gears on a gear rolling fixture. Excessive load on
tolerance. fine tooth gears of narrowfacewidth, or gears
9.6.5.2 Master Gears. Master gears made of soft materials, or on journal type gears
used for composite action inspection may be one having slender shafts, will resultin incorrect
of three types of known quality: readings caused by the deflection of the gear teeth
or shaft. Conversely, too light a load on coarse
(1) A mastergeardesignedspecifically to gears of relativelywideface width will resultin
inspect the composite variation of a work gear. It
incorrect readings,because of variationsin the
normally will assure proper and complete
contact between the workgear and the master
inspection.
gear.
(2) A standard master gear of known size and
outside diameter whichmay be used to inspect Recommended Loads. The
9.6.7.1
several different work gears of the same pitch or recommended loads between gear and master are
module.Cautionmust be takento assure that based on tooth size values, and are given in Table
acceptable gears are not being rejected because of 9-1.
excessive depth of contact by an oversize outside
diameter onthe mastergear.Similarly,caution 9.6.7.2 Alternate Loads. These loads
must be taken to avoid the possibility of accepting were determined empirically, and are based on a
gears with a short depth of active profile when the facewidth of O. 1 inch (2.5 mm). For narrower
master gear has an undersize outside diameter. face
widths, the loadshould be changed
proportionally. It may be necessary to increase the
(3) A selected mating gear of known quality. load for a face width greater than 0.1 inch (2.5
It
should be adjudged as tothe degree of mm), which may be done in the proper
complete
inspection by calculation and proportion and should be agreed upon by the user
calibration. and supplier. The loads are based on anti-friction
9.6.6 Method of Conducting Composite mountings for the movable head and include the
Inspection.The following procedure shouldbe force on the indicating device.

A G M A 2000-A 9 Ob87575 0001rl149 248 M
Table 9-1
Recommended Checking Load for Metallic Gears
Size Load’
kg
Pitch Diametral 20%)
1 to 9 2.5 to less than 25 to 39
331.0
10 to 19 1.25 to less than 2.5 to 35
290.9
20 to 29 0.8 to less than 1.25 25 to 31 0.8
30 to 39 0.6 to less than 0.8 to 27
210.7
40 to 49 0.50 17 to 23 0.6
50 to 59 0.40 to 19
130.5
60 to 79 0.30 6 to 10 0.3
80 to 99 0.25 3 to 5 0.2
100 to 120 0.20 3 to 5 o. 1
1 For non-metallic gears use 1/2 of the listed value.
9.7 Tooth Thickness. ToothThickness is the achieved by measurementsutilizinggeartooth

circular thickness of a gear tooth in its transverse calipers, addendum comparator, tooth vernier,
plane. Circular tooth thickness is the length of arc micrometers, pins, balls, or blocks as described in
between two sides (profiles) of a gear tooth on a the measuring methods. The recommended
datumcircle (see Fig 9-33). methods of measurement far determiningtooth
thickness are listed in Table 3-9.
9.7.1 Tooth Thickness Tolerance
and
Inspection Limits. The methods used to 9.7.2.1 Vernier Gear Tooth Caliper.
determine tooth thickness are not generally direct Theoretical
settings of the gear
tooth
caliper
can f?
\
measurements. In order to evaluate tooth be calculated to any desired accuracy. Thickness
thickness, each measuring method involves some may be measured at any convenient depth on the
additional characteristic of the gear. Thus, when tooth, butitisusuallycalculated and measured
the maximum and the minimum limits for tooth near the middle of the tooth height(seeFig
thickness are determined using the tolerance 9-34).
values
shown in Table 6-3 (6-3M), the
measurement limits must be selected to allow for
the additionalcharacteristicsintroduced by the
specific measuring method to be employed. (See
AGMA 231).
THICKNESS
‘ J I
Fig 9-33 Circular Tooth Thickness
Fig9-34ToothThickness
9.7.2 Measuring
Methods
for Tooth Measurement, Gear Tooth Caliper
Thickness. Tooth thickness
determination is Method 1
ANSVAGMA 116 2000-A88

A G M A 2000-A = Ob8757500Ol1l150 TbT W
9.7.2.1.1 ChordalMeasurement. Since = outsidediameter

the tooth caliper measures on a straight or chordal
D = standard pitch
diameter
line, the distance, t c , isslightlyless than the
When the chordal tooth thickness is measured
distancealong the arc of the datum circle.
using a tooth caliper, the addendum setting must
Although this difference is frequently ignored, it
also be corrected for the actual outside diameter.
becomessignificantforcoarsepitch and low
numbers of teeth. 9.7.2.2 Addendum Comparator. This
9.7.2.1.2 Evaluation of Caliper instrument
measures tooth thickness by
i
Measurement.The chordal addendum, act is comparing the gear addendum with that of a basic
rack(see Fig 9-35). The comparator jawsmust
altered by enlargementsorreductionsin the
have the same angle as the normal pressure angle
outside diameter of the gear or pinion, because
ofthe gearbeinginspected. To prepare the
the outside diameter is used
as
point
a of
instrument to measure gear,
a steel
a block
reference in tooth caliper measurements.
corresponding to a rack tooth of the proper pitch
Correctionmust always be madefor taper and
(module) is used to set the comparator jaws to the
dimensional variation of the outside diameter of
properwidth.With the block in place, the dial
the gear blank. To calculate the chordal
indicator is set to read zerofor the standard
addendum, a , acorrection A a mustbemade
C c addendum.
for the height of the chord spanned by the tooth
NOTE: Since the outside diameter is used
caliper. This correction isalways added tothe
as a reference point in application of the
addendum of the gear and is calculated as follows:
comparator,correctionmustbemadefor
taper and dimensionalvariation of the
outsidediameter of the individualgear
blank.
For Spur Gears:

( i ) =MO0 " t
= Dc
For Helical Gears:
(-7 = - 180" t (COS2*d)
2 ) 7r
where
ad = addendum distance to datumcircle
uC = chordal addendum
AUc = chordal addendum correction
t = tooth thickness Base Circle
7 = angular
thickness Fig 9-35 Tooth Thickness Measurement
qd = helixangleatdatumcircle Gear-Tooth Comparator Method
Jrd = tan
-1
(D, tan Jr
D ) (Eq 9.4)
Whenagear is checked, athintooth
project farther into the instrument, and the dial
will
indicator will read plus. Conversely, a thick tooth

Dc = diameter of datumcircle(point of causesaminusreading. The changein tooth
tooth thickness measurement) thickness is thedifferenceinthicknessbetween

i

A G M A 2000-A = Ob87575 0001151 9Tb
the gear being measured and the specified tooth

thickness. This change may be computed as two
times the addendum comparator reading timesthe
tangent of the normal profile angle of the
instrument.
9.7.2.3 Span Measurement. This

method utilizes a vernier or plate micrometer to
measure the distance over several teeth alonga
line tangent tothe base cylinder. The distance
measured is the sum of (n-1) base pitches
(normal base pitches for helical gears), plus the
thickness of one tooth atthe basecylinder.
Measurements are not affected by outside
diameter variations or runout (see Fig 2-15).
NOTE: For method of computation, see

AGMA 231.
9.7.2.3.1 Limitations of Span

Measurement.
The limitations of span
measurement are:
(1) Span measurement cannot be applied

whenacombination of highhelixangle and Fig 9-36 Tooth Thickness Inspection,
narrow face width prevent the caliper from Measurement Over Pins
d
spanning a sufficient number of teeth.
(2) Measurements are influenced by method (see Appendix G). In addition, the gear
variations in tooth pitch, profile, and alignment. rolling fixture requires that the center distance be
Measurements are erroneous if attempted on a calibrated.
portion of the profile which had been modified 9.7.2.5.1 Gears Mounted on Test
from Vue involute shape. Arbors. When the mastergear and the work
gear are each mounted on a arbor, the gear rolling
9.7.2.4 MeasurementOverPins
(or fixturemusthavea dual set of centers. In
OverRackShaped Blocks). Pins afford an addition, the operator should have two precision
accurate method of measuring tooth thickness of set-up arbors, having a length within 10 percent
gears of any diameter within the capacity of of that length of the work gear and master gear
available
micrometers
(see Fig 9-36). holding arbors. These arbors should not exceed
Measurements are affected by variations in tooth 0.000 04 inches (0.001 mm) in taper, runout,
spacing and profile. concentricity, and measured diameter. This
center type rolling fixture is set up as follows:
NOTE: For method of computation, see
AGMA 231. (1) Select a calibrated master gear
(see
Appendix G). Obtain the actual testingradius,
9.7.2.5 Composite Action Method. This from the mastergear or fromits current
method utilizesacomposite action test (double
5m
calibration report.
flank) gear rolling fixture and a calibrated master (2) Establish the test radius of each of the set
gear. This indicates the functional tooth thickness, up arbors. Workgear arbor, and master
which includes the effects of all tooth variations. %aw
gear arbor, %am* F1
The master gear used when this method is
employed must be calibrated by a suitable Obtain
(3) the maximum and minimum U
! <&
W*
A G H A 2000-A Ob87575 O O O L L 5 2 832 W
allowable testing radii fromthe work gear drawing. distances(suchas the use of pitchdisks,
etc.) are acceptable if they can be shown to
('hU rnax and % min).
(4) Calculate the maximum and minimum test
make the same allowances forthe effects of
testing radius tolerance on the master gear,
distance,'C . the effects of wear in the bore of the master
gear, and the effects of tolerance on the
I
'd max = Rrm ' 9.5)
(Eq
max bore of the work gear.
i 'd min = Rrm + Rrw min
(Eq
9.6) (7) The diameter of arborsforboredtype
work gears and master gears shall be such as to
where insure that the gears will be wrung onto their test
L min = testingradius,workgear, arbors. Arbor sets having a diameter differenceof
minimum allowable 0.000 075inches (0.002 mm)forclasses 10 or
RM, max = testingradius, workgear, better are convenient.Ball-bushingarbors with
maximum allowable interference fits can also be used. It is important
= testingradius,mastergear whencompositecheckinggearsinthisquality
Rrm range, to removeallpossibleloosenessbetween
( 5 ) Calculate the maximum and the minimum the arbors and bores of bothmastergear and
gage stackheight, . inspected gear, by one of these methods, so that
Lg max
-- max - (Rraw+ Rrarn (Eq
9.7)
additional runout is not reflected in the composite
chart due to inaccuratemounting.Journal-type
- - gears are tested on their own centers.
Lg
min 'd min (R raw + ) 0% 9-81 (8) In the case of gears of appreciable size,
where the memberhaving the leastweight should be
placed on the movable centers.
c
Lg max = gage blockstackheight,
maximum (9) The work gear should be rotated through
atminimum of one complete revolution.
Lg min = gage blockstackheight,
(10) The gear is to be accepted or rejected on
minimum the basis ofall measurementsbeingwithin the
= testradius,mastergeararbor limits set by the recorded maximum and minimum
R ram
= testradius, workgeararbor testing center distance.
R raw
( 6 ) With the testarborsinplace,set the 9.7.2.6 Measurement of Backlash at
maximumstack ofgage blocks, Lgmax in place OperatingCenter Distance (Test).
This is
another measure ofwork gearfunctionaltooth
between the arbors, and with atestingpressure thickness with amastergear. The testcenter
equal to that used to perform the composite distance is
fixed and must
it be accurately
action test, record the maximumtesting center determined that the axes are parallel and in the
distance shown. Repeat ihe procedure using the same plane. The backlash of the test set should
minimum stack of blocks, Lgmin, and record the be measuredin at leasttwoplaces,preferably
minimum testing center distance shown by the dial four, at equal intervals around the gear.
or on the recording device. The work gear is accepted for tooth thickness
NOTE: Other methods of setting the on the basis that the backlash at afixedtest
minimum and maximumtesting
center distance is within the designed tolerance.

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 O O O L L . 5 4 b05 m
Appendix A
AGMA Class Number System
[ThisAppendix is provided for informati~nalpurposes only and should not be construed as a part of
American Gear Manufacturers Association Standard 2000-A88, Gear CIassificurion and Impaction
Handbook.]
A l . Purpose. This Appendix is provided to Step 3. After determining the allowable

describe in detail the procedure for developing an operating
backlash
range and
the tangential
AGMA ClassNumber. The followingexamples effects of component variations (Refer to AGMA
show how to establish AGMA Class Numbers for 231 for method) the tooth thickness variation
various combinations of quality, tooth thickness, assigned forthe subject gear is approximately
and material. 0.0006 inches (0.015 mm). Section 6, Table 6-3
indicates a Tooth Thickness Tolerance Code B is
A2. Common Quality Number for All the most appropriate.
Elements. To determine the AGMA Class
Number for the given application, experience, Step 4. Refer to Table 7-1. A Material and
and material and treatment knowledge are Treatment Number AL-4 is shown
for the
necessary. Figure 4-1 showsexamples of class material specified.
numbers where all gear element tolerances are of
Step 5. Combining the above data in the
the same class.
same sequence results in the AGMA Class
Example: Assume a Control Gear Number QlOB-AL-4.
(Aerospace) having 116 teeth, 48 diametral A3. Changes in QualityNumbers for Some
pitch (0.5 module), 2.5 (63.5 mm) Pitch Elements of a Gear. Conditions may require that
Diameter, to be made from aluminum one or more of the individual gear-element
barstock (2024-T4), heat treated, 120 tolerances be of a different Quality Number than
Bhn. the other element tolerances. In such cases, it is
possible to modify the AGMA Class Number to
Step 1. Determine the desired Quality
Numberfrom experience or analysis. This include the Quality Number foreach gear element
tolerance.
indicates that Quality Number Q l O is typical for
the application. Certain gearingapplications require a high
degree of accuracy in the angularposition of
Step 2. Refer to 2000-A88 Section 6, Table
teeth. This element is not covered by the
6-2, for Quality Number QlO and the site of gear
classification
system and must be specifically
specified; the table shows a total composite addressed. (See Appendix E.)
tolerance of 0.0011 inches (0.028mm) Table 6-2
for the same data shows a tooth-to-tooth Typicalexamples of AGMAClassNumbers
composite tolerance of 0.00051 inches (0.013 for Spur, Helical, and Herringbonegears are
mm) shown in Tables A-1 and A-2.

A G N A 2000-A Ob87575 0001155 541 W
Table A-1 i
Illustrations of Class Numbers
When Element Tolerance Quality Numbers are the Same
Gear Selection Based on
AGMA Tooth AGMA
Thickness or AGMA
Number
Material
AGMA Quality Number Backlash Material Class
Designation Treatment Hardness Number
Runout 8 A HA-14 Q8A-HA-14
Pitch 8 Alloy Steel
Profile 8 Quench & Temper
Lead 8 285 to 321 BHN
-
IC-3
B T-T Composite 6 Carbon Steel
Total Composite 6 Induction Harden Q6B-IN-3
52 Rc Min
CH-13
Runout B Alloy Steel Q7B-CH- 13
Pitch Tolerance 7 Carburized
55 RC Min
Pitch HC- 1
Index 6 A Carbon Steel Q6A-HC- 1
Pitch line to Normalize & Temper
Back Face 6 212 to 248 BHN
Runout NI-7
Pitch 8 A Nodular Iron Q8A-NI-7
Profîle 8 Quench & Temper
Lead 8 269 BHN Min
AL-4
T-T Composite 10 C Q 2024-14
Aluminum Bar 1OC-AL-4
Total Composite 10 Heat Treated
120 BHN (SOO Kg)
ANSIIAOMA 122
2000-A88 @
A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 000L15b 488 m
Table A-2
Illustration of Class Numbers
When Element Tolerance Quality Numbers are Different
Gear Selection Based on
AGMA Tooth AGMA
Thickness or Material
AGMANumber
AGMA Quality Number Backlash Material class
Designation Treatment Hardness Number
CH-15 Runout 8
Pitch 10 A (Except Alloy Steel T-T
Profile Quality 8 Spacing, Carburize
Lead QlO) 60 Rc Min
Runout 11 15 CH- Q 11A-CH-15

Pitch 11 A Carbon Steel (Except Lead,
Profile 11 Quench Br Temper QlO)
Lead 10 285 to321 BHN
Runout 8 FA- 12 Q 8A-FA-12

Pitch 9 A Alloy Steel (Except T-T
Profile 9 Flame Harden Spacing and
Lead 8 48 Rc Min. Profile 0 9 )
ANSI/AGMA 123

A G M A 2000-A Ob87575 0001157 314
Appendix B
Symbol Comparison Table
[ThisAppendix is provided for informational purposes only and should not be construed as a part of
AmericanGear Manufacturers Association Standard 2000-A88, Gear Classificarion andInspection
Handbook.]
B1. Purpose. This Appendix includes a symbolsfor
terms
as defined- in AGMA 2000,
tabulation o f many
symbols in AGMA 2000-A88
compared
with
AGMA 112 (ANSI B6.14),
compared with those in use by other standards. AGMA 600, I S 0 1328(1975) and I S 0 701
When using as symbol in a formula,figure, etc., (1976).
one should be careful of the proper definition,
context and implication, so that the proper Except for
Profile and Tooth Alignment, the
understanding is achieved. Therefore, Table B-1 definitions used in all the standards listed in Table
is presented as a cross-referencefor the major B-1 are similarwithsamebasicmeaning.
Table B-1
Alphabetical Table of Terms with Symbols
AGMA IS0 AGMA 600
Term
1328 112 2000-A88 I S 0 701
Addendum a a
Allowable Pitch Variation "
VPA
Base Pitch 'b '6
Chordal Tooth Thickness rC rC
Circular Pitch, Transverse P P
Circular Tooth Thickness r I
Face Width (Axial) F F
Helical Angle 4f JI
Normal Chordal Tooth Thickness *nc 'nc
Normal Module mn
-
Normal Pitch Variation
Normal Tooth Thickness
%J
'n In
Number of Teeth N N
Outside Diameter DO
Pitch Variation
vP
Pressure Angle, Transverse
Profile Tolerance
+
Radial Runout v,
Radial Runout Tolerance
Twth Alignment Tolerance
YJrT
Tooth Alignment Variation
Twth Thickness Tolerance 'T
Tooth-to-Toath Composite Tolerance
f
(Double Flank)
ANSIfAGMA 124
U
AGHA
ZOOCI-A m ob87575 0 0 0 ~ ~ 5250
8 m
Table B-1 (cont)

Alphabetical Table of Terms with Symbols
~~
AGMA IS0 AGMA 600

Term r 2000-A88 112 1328 I S 0 701
Tooth-to-ToothCompositeVariation "4
(Double Flank)
Total Accumulated Pitch Tolerance bpT
Total Accumulated Pitch Variation
bP
Total Accumulated Pitch Variation, %pk
Within a Sector of k Pitches
Total Composite Tolerance vcq T
(Double Flank)
Total Composite Variation
(Double Flank)
+Total Composite Variation, V& F; "
Single Flank (tangential composite)

Transverse Tooth Thickness st
" Indicates Term is not used

( ) Indicates impliedusage
SeeAppendix F forsingle flank compositevariation
NOTE : Table B-1 contains those symbols which have an equivalent or an implied equivalent.
It does not contain all symbols used in AGMA 2000-A88.

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 0001159 L97
Appendix C
Profile and Tooth Alignment Modifications
[ThisAppendix is provided for informationalpurposes only and should not be construed as a part of
American Gear Manufacturers Association Standard 2000-A88, Gear Classification und Znspection
Handboo&].
Cl. Purpose. This Appendix is provided to give crownmodification.Figure C-4 shows a typical
additional information on modified tooth forms (0.001 in) Tooth Alignment YK" Chart tolerance
which can be controlled with the Specification of only, and Fig C-5 shows crown tolerance (0.0003
Modified Profile, or Tooth Alignment Inspection to 0.0008 in) only.Figure C-6 shows the
Chart Tolerances. recommendedmethod of specifying tooth
alignment and crown tolerances in a single chart.
C2. Tolerance 'K" Charts for Modified Tooth
Profiles. In addition to inspecting tooth profiles C3.1 Charts of Gears with Crowned Teeth.
in general, profile inspection charts are extremely The amount and position of crowning on gear
valuable for determining and controlling undercut teeth can be checked on tooth alignment
(if present) and profile modifications such as tip inspection instruments, as shown by the charts in
and root relief. The inspection trace of the tooth Figs C-7 and C-8. The charts in Fig C-7 are the
profile can be interpreted to determine the actual adjacent sides of external spur gear teeth, whereas
form(seeFig 9-20). Specifying a modified "K" those in FigC-8 are of the adjacent sides of
Chart can be used to control specific form external helicalgearteeth..Whenbothtypes of
characteristics. gears have the same amount of crowning in the
face width, the charts are similar. If the teeth had
It may be desirable for specifying applications an alignment variation, there would be a slope in
to tighten the tolerance near the pitch diameter to the charted lines in addition tothe curvature
limit hollow (minus)profilein thecenter. Fig showninFigsC-7 and C-8. It should be noted
C-1 shows a "K" Chart drawing specification of a that the high points of the crowning, on adjacent
modified
AGMA tolerance with reduced sides of the teeth, lie in the plane normal to the
tolerance nearthe pitch diameter. Figure C-2 helix, andare therefore displaced in the axial
shows an example of this modified tolerance with direction. The charts w liindicate the location and
an additional modificationspecifying a sloped magnitude of this displacement as shown in Fig
profile. Another modified 'K" Chart is illustrated C-8.
in Fig C-3. In this example, form control is
specified for both tip and root relief, using a "KI C3.2 Charts of Gears with Tapered Teeth.
Chart and points determined by specific degrees Tooth alignment inspection instruments can also
of roll. be used for checking thetaper ofgear teeth.
Chans in FigC-9 are the adjacent sides of the
NOTE: The use of a modified "K" Chart teeth of an external spur gearhaving tapered
to tolerance the tooth form may add teeth. Here, it w li be noticed that the charted
expense! to the manufacture, and limit the lines are not parallel to each other, and that the
methods which can be used to achieve the departure of the charted linesfrom the datum
desired results. lines indicate the deviation in parallelism of the
sides of the teeth.
C3. Tolerance 'K" Charts for Modified Tooth
Alignment Form. Tooth alignment form may be Figure C-10 shows charts of a left-hand
modified to include special characteristics such as external helical gear having the same amount of
crown or taper. It is recommended that tolerances taper. In the case of the helical teeth however,
forsuchspecialcharacteristics be superimposed there is ab0 a minus alignment variation. This is
on the tooth alignment to1erance.W is illustrated indicated by the charted lines deviating more on
in Fig C-4 through Fig C-6 for the case of a one endof the tooth space than on the other. The

A G M A 2000-A H Ob87575 O O O L L b O 909
deviation in aIignment is indicated by the sloping mostapplications the difference is considered

dotted line on the chart, located midway between negligiile.However, inthe case of extremely
the charted lines. modified tooth alignment forms, such as taper on
It should be noted that some generative tooth a cantilever mounted pinion, this difference can
alignment checking instruments positionthe probe become significant. Correction of measured values
on centerline, while others offset the probe by the cosine of the pressure angle is appropriate
tangentially within the plane of action, thus for such highly modified forms. Alternatively, the
maintaining true normal tooth contact. Location nominal tooth alignment trace may be defined to
of probe
theon centerline results in include the modification. This reduces measured
measurements tangential to the pitchdiameter values to the level of variations only, rather than
rather than the base diameter. The difference in variations
plus
modification.
Differences in
measuredvalues is related to the cosine of the measurement due to system configuration should
pressure angle, or less than 10 percent. Thus, for then be negligible.
(RECOMMENDED) RECOMMENDED)
(RECOMMENDED)
(NOT
Q
Zero -
Tolerance
ö o O
(a) Standard (b) Modified Charts
Fig C-1 "K" Type Chart Reduced at Pitch Diameter
OD OD
O
-
-7
OD
Numbers (1)
thru (5) would
be the specified
Roll Angles
e C-2 Sloped "K"Type Fig C-3 Modified "K" Chart

with Tip
and Root Relief Chart

A G M A 2000-A m Ob87575 O O O L L b L 8q5
Gear Classification and Ihspection Handbook for Unassembled Spur and Helical Gears
HIGH POINT OF TOOTH CHART

MUST BE TANGENT TO
. REFERENCE LINE
EFERENCE-
LINE O
TOLERANCE
0.001
t Il
-F FACEWIDTH 4-
Fig C-4 Tolerance Only
HIGH POINT OF CROWN TOOTH

SPECIFIED ZONE
FOR HIGH POINT\ ,/ CHARTMUSTBETANGENTTO
REFERENCE LINE IN THIS AREA
- EDQE ROUND
REFERENCE
LINE
- O
* = DRAWNß DESIGN
DIMENSIONS
Fig C-5 Crown Tolerance Only
HIGH POINT OF CROWN TOOTH

SPECIFIED ZONE CHARTMUSTBETANQENTTO
0.0003 MIN. FOR HIGH POINT\ / REFERENCE LINE IN THIS AREA
-EDGE ROUND
REFERENCE
UNE
-0
FUNCTIONAL FACE
* = DRAWlNG DESIGN
DIMENSIONS
Fig C-6 Total ToothAlignment and Crown Tolerance Specification
ANSIIAGIUA 128 2000-A88

AGHA 2000-A a Ob87575 00011b2 7 8 1
Fig C-7 Chart of External Spur Gear Fig C-9 Chart of External Spur Gear
Having Crowned Teeth Having Tapered Teeth
DESIRED LEAD
€WIDTH
Fig C-8 Chart of External Helical Gear Fig C-10 Chart of Helical Gear
Having I
Having Crowned Teeth Tapered Teeth and a Lead Deviation

A G f l A 2000-A D Ob87575 00011b3 m
Appendix D
Contact Pattern Check
[This Appendix is provided for informational purposesonly and should not be construed as a part of
AmericanGear Manufacturers Association Standard 2000-A88, Gear Classification and Znspection
Handbook. ]
Dl. Purpose. Contactchecking is usedfor the D2.4 Test Load. Usually, the test load is
inspection of mating gear sets to determine their very light. In some gear testing machines, the test
operational compatability and for the inspection load can be varied and controlled.
of gears which w linot fit into available checking D23 Operator Training. Since operator
machines because of size and weight limits. This skill is an important factor in application of the
Appendixexplains methods of obtaining and marking compound and control of the test load, it
analyzing contact patterns, and methods for is important that uniform procedures be
evaluating the observed deviations from designed established and that operators be trained in these
contact. Contact checking is commonlyused on procedures, so that reproducible results may be
bevel, mill, marine, and high speed gears. obtained.
D2. Control of Test Conditions.
The D3. Calibration. Calibration of the thickness of
reproducibility of contact pattern checks is the marking compound is essential to
dependent upon careful control of the test interpretation of contact pattern test results. Once
conditions. A small variation, 0.0004 inches an operator has developed a consistent technique,
(0.01 mm), in location of the gears from test to it is possible to establish the thickness of the
test will have a significant effect on the results. marking compound by shifting the axes of the
D2.1 Gear Axes Parallel. If the gears are gears out of parallel in a vertical direction in the
tested outside the housing in which they will be tangential plane by a known angle; i.e., shimming
used, or if the assembled centers are adjustable, one bearing support and observing the change in
the gears must be mounted with their axes exactly the pattern. This calibration should be performed
parallel. This is usuallyaccomplished in
an regularly to be sure that the marking compound,
adjustable testing frame with the line of centers test load, and operator technique have not varied.
horizontal, so that a precision level and
micrometers can be used to establish parallel axes D4. Recording Results. Contact patterns are
at the given center distance in a common plane. usually recorded by photography, sketches, or
The absolutevalue of center distance is not as tapes. Instant developing color film is particularly
important as maintaining the gear axes parallel. usefulforrecording contact patterns. Tapes are
made by carefully applying transparent mending
D2.2 TestGears. If test gears are being tape (scotch tape) over the contact pattern,
compared to a master gear, the master gear must removing the tape, and applying the tape with the
be of known quality, and of a Quality to a w e
adhering pattern to white paper.
that errors in the master gear will not appreciably
affect the results. DS. Interpretation of Results. Typicalvalues
for carefully applied markingcompound thickness
Gears may also be tested as matched pairs. are from 0.0003 inches (0.008 mm) to 0.0005
D2.3 Marking Compound. Various inches (0.012 mm).
marking compounds can be used including Figure D-1 shows a contact pattern obtained
prussian blue, dye check developer, and with
good profile contact, and some tooth
proprietary compounds. It is important that the alignmentmismatch. If the markingcompound
compound be controlled carefully,
since its thickness is 0.0004 inches (0.01 mm), the tooth
viscosity and the method of application will affect misalignment shown overthe length of the contact
the film thickness, which is critical to the pattern is also 0.0004 inches (0.01 mm). An
2
interpretation of results. angular correction in helix angle or mounting of

A G M A 2000-A Ob87575 000LLb4 554 m
0.0004 inches (0.01 mm) divided by the length of D6. Specifications. Contact pattern acceptability
contact should produce full contact. is specified by defining the area in which contact
The contact pattern shown in Fig D-2 shows may not occur, the areas in which contact should
perfect tooth alignment with profilemismatch. occur, and the percentage of contact required in
Using the same marking compound calibration as the desired area. Figure D-4 illustrates a contact
the example above, the profile mismatch is pattern which meets the specifications
0.0008 inches (0.02 mm), since contact extends approximately 75 percent of contact, excluding
ove: only one-half of the profile. extremes of tooth which are intentionally relieved.
Figure D-3 shows an undulating contact

pattern which might be caused by periodic error in
the generating machine.
Fig D-1 Matching Profiles, With Lead Fe D-3 Waviness

Mismatch And End Relief
F'ig D-2 Matching Leads, With Prome Fig D-4 m i c a l Specifrcation:

Mismatch And End Relief Approximately 75% Contact, Excluding
Extremes Of Tooth, Which Are
Intentionally Relieved

Appendix E
Accumulated Pitch Variation
[This Appendix is provided for informational purposesonly and should not be construed as a part of
AmericanGearManufacturersAssociation Standard 2000-A88, GearClassificationand Inspection
Handbook].
El. Purpose. This Appendix is providedas a E3.2 Single ProbeMethod.A precision
discussion of accumulatedpitchvariation and indexingdevice,suchas an index plate, circle
index variation. The two terms are essentially divider, optical or electronic encoder, or polygon
synonymous.Although these elements are not and auto collimator, is used to index the test gear
toleranced within the body of this Standard, they exactly 36Oo/N or one pitch for each tooth (see
are presented here as a method of measuring and Fig 9-9). A single probe, on an accurate slide
analyzing gear accuracy and characteristics. The mechanism, is brought into contact with the first
following describesaccumulatedpitchvariation, and each successive tooth flank around the gear.
but is understood to apply to index variation also. The readings from this seriesof measurements are
recorded asthe direct and actual
value of
E2. Total Accumulated PitchVariation, bP. accumulatedpitchvariationfor each successive
Total Accumulated pitch variation is equal to the tooth. These readings require no further
algebraicdifferencebetween the maximum and mathematical manipulation.
minimum values obtained from the summation of E4. RecommendedMethod. In theory, both
successive values of pitch variation, V methods w lireveal the same data about any gear
P'
(seeFig 9-9). However,this is only true when
A plot of accumulated pitch variation values
measuring gear teeth with perfect finish and form.
of any tooth, relative to the first or reference
Due to irregularities in the tooth surfacesbeing
tooth, isusefulfor the understanding of the
measured, and Iack of resolution and accuracy of
accuracy and characteristic of any gear. This plot
the measuring device, the results will hardly ever
readilyshows the position of any tooth with
agree. Of the two systems,. the singleprobe
respect to its correct position,as well asits
method is the most accurate.
relationship to an adjacent, or any other tooth.
Eachpitchmeasurement, by the two probe
E3. Measurement of Accumulated Pitch system, will havesome error caused by surface
Variation.Thereare two generalmethods of irregularities. the
In mathematical
process
measuringaccumulatedpitchvariation: the two describedabove, these errors can often be
probe pitch or spacing tester, and thesingle probe accumulated,along with the pitchvariations, so
device. that they affect the final results of accumulated
E3.1 Two ProbeMethod.The two probe pitchvariation.Any one value of accumulated
method involves the use of a device which pitchvariation can include the summationof
schematically has a fixed probe ononetooth errors in the measurement of several,or many
flank, and a moveable indicator on the adjacent pitches.
tooth flank (see Fig 9-5). As the gaugemoves On the other hand, surface irregularities will
progressively around the gear,successiveactual also affect
the accuracy single
of probe
pitches arerecorded. These are then summed measurements.However, theerror forany one
together and divided by the number of teeth. tooth w l
li only affect the reading for that tooth.
This yields the average measured pitch, pm. The Each reading is individual, and is not influenced
average measured pitch is then subtracted from by the reading of any other tooth or the
each actual pitch reading to obtain values of pitch
variation. The pitchvariationvalues
of accumulated pitch variation.

arethen
successively summed together to obtained values
summation process.
This, therefore, is the most accurate of the
two systems
when
and E-2).
measuring
gears
(see Figs E-1
.I
1
ANSI/AOMA 132 2000-A88
B
%<:,-.'

Fig E-1 Influence of Flank Form Irregularities on the Single Pitch Readings
Fig E-2 Determination of Cumulative Pitch Variation Curves (Index Variation) On

the Basis of Single or Span Pitch Measurements
AN WAGMA 133 2000-A88

A G f l A 2000-A 9 Ob87575 00011b7 2 6 3
NOTE:Due to flank errorsand surface over a sector of k pitches, is equal to the

roughness of the new flanks, measurements accumulatedpitch
variation
range,
over that
taken of the same pitch may show different sector of k pitches.
results when feelers are applied at different
radial or axial positions.
E5.4 Spacing
Variation, 5. Spacing
variation is the differencebetweenany two (2)
Figure E-1 is a schematic example: The two values of adjacent pitch variation. Pitch variation
feelers contact theteethat different points; is the difference between two adjacent readings;
distances S1 and S4 are longer than distances S2 therefore spacing variation will involve three (3)
.
and S3 Thus, the indicated comparativepitch readings, representing (2) adjacent pitches.
value can varyby a certain amount, whichmay E6. Application of Data. Accumulatedpitch
reach a maximum approximately equal to the sum variation can show up in many forms in real gears.
of the form error variation within the contacted When looking at the total graph of data,the
zones of the two relevant flanks. characteristic shape can be very informative
relative to the cause of the variationor the
E5. Interpretation of Data. As seen in Fig 9-9, performance of the gear in its final application.
several values can be derived from pitch variation
data. E6.1 Sinusordal Runout or Accumulated
Pitch Variation. A gear that has runout, by the
E5.1 PitchVariation, vP .The difference traditional definition, will also have a large
between any two adjacent readings is read as pitch amount of accumulated pitch-variation. However,
variation, v . it is possible to produce a gear that will have little
P or norunout, but will have a largesinusoidal
E5.2 Pitch Variation Total, Accumulated, accumulated pitch variation.
vap. The difference between the maximum and Example: A gearcut with runout and
minimum readings are equal to the accumulated then shaved (see Fig E-3). This sinusoidal
. pitch
variation range, V
ap’
accumulatedpitchvariation will have the
samerunningqualitiesas a gearwith the
E5.3 PitchVariation,Total Accumulated same amount of runout.
Over Sector of k Pitchs, VapR. The difference NOTE: Suspect runout or
accumulated
between the maximum and minimumreadings, pitch variation or both.
+ L
Tooth Number
F‘ig E-3 Sinusoidal Pattern of Accumulated Pitch Variation

A G M A 2000-A Ob87575 O O O L L b A L T T m
E6.2 A RampShapedGraph with Large pitchvariations, but less thanor equal to the
Firstto LastToothPitchVariation. This is allowableaccumulatedpitchvariation, V This
generallyassociated with a thermal problem, OP'
can be caused by kinematic errors in the gear
looseness in the gearprocessingmachine or
processing machine, by heattreat distortions
tooling, or tool wear (see Fig E-4).
related to a bolt hole pattern, or other
NOTE: Suspect cutting equipment
for non-symmetrical section around the gear (see Fig
thermal irregularities or machine tool E-S).
looseness and wear.
E6.3 A Pattern of Waviness Every Few NOTE:
Suspect
kinematics in gear
Teeth Around the Gear. This resultsin an processingequipment or heat treatment
accumulatedpitchvariationover a sector of k distortions causing non-symmetrical section
pitches, V , that is greater thanthe individual in the gear.
rrpk
+ I
'5
+ o
f
-
I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 1213141516 I
Tooth Number
Fig E-4 Ramp Shaped Pattern of Accumulated Pitch Variation
+ I - 1
1 2-3 4 5 6 7 6 9 IO 11 I 2 13 14 I5 16 1
"00th Number
F& E-5 Waviness Pattern of Accumulated Pitch Variation
ANSIIAOMA 135 2000-A88

A G H A 2000-A = 0687575 O O O L L b 9 036
E6.4 RandomLargePitchVariations. At of machine or tooling.

!
times, a single or a few random large individual
pitch variations can account for all or most of the E7. Guidelines to Quality Judgements.
total accumulated pitch variation. This could be Tolerances for total accumulated pitch variation,
caused by measurement errors due to irregularities , are not included in this Standard. However,
in a very coarse surface finish, or by looseness in vaP
tolerances specified for runout could be used as a
the gearprocessingmachine or tooling (see Fig guideline. In general, accumulated pitch variation
E-6). could be expected to be equal to. or larger than,
NOTE: Suspect surface finish or looseness the allowable values of runout tolerances.
+ c
Tooth Number
Fig E-6 Random Pattern Accumulated Pitch Variation
ANSIJAOMA 136 2000-A88

ALMA 2000-A Ob87575 O O O L L 7 0 858
Appendix F
Single Flank Composite Testing
[ThisAppendix is provided for informational purposesonly and should not be construed as a part of
American Gear Manufacturers Association Standard 2000-ASS, Gear Classification undInspection
Handbook.J
F1. Purpose. This Appendix is providedas a F3. Description. With single
flank
testing,
description of singleflankcompositetesting of mating gears roll together at their proper center
gears. It is an alternativemethod of inspecting distance with backlash and with only one flank in
gears, that is usefulfor the detection of certain contact (see Fig F-1) . Testinggearsin this
types of inaccuracies present in gears that may, or mannermorecloselysimulates operation of the
may not, be detected by other methods now in gears in their application than any other means of
commonuse. Tolerances for this method of evaluation. Gears can be tested by pairs or with
inspection are notincludedin the body of this master gears.
Standard. The single flank test is run using encoders or
.other devices to measure rotational
motion.
F2. Introduction. As anintroduction to the Encoders may be attached to theinput and output
basic understanding of the subject, most of this shafts of a specialmachinefortestingpairs of
text relates to the simple case of inspecting spur gears. The encoders may also be used portably, by
gears. The interpretation of data, relative to attachingthemdirectly to the input and output
helicalgears, is a littlemorecomplex,but the shafts of an actual gear box so as to inspect the
general principles apply. quality of a complete train of gears.
DOUBLE
FLANK
SINGLE
GEAR
TEST
FLANK
GEAR
TESTING
MEASURES
VARIATION IN CENTER
DISTANCE
MEASURES
ROTATIONAL
MOVEMENTS
E3g F-1 Composite Gear Testing, Double and Single Flank

O
A G M A 2000-A m 0687575 0001171 794 m
Data
from encoders is processed in an profile variations, due to the influence of overlap
instrument that shows the accuracy or smoothness or increased contact ratio. Lead or tooth
of rotational motion resulting fromthe meshing of alignment variationis best measuredby elementral
the gears (transmission variations). This data can checks, gimbal head double flank composite test,
be directly related M portions of involute or or by tooth contact pattern checks.
profilevariations, pitch variation, runout, and
accumulatedpitchvariation.Probably the most Figure F-2 is a schematic of a typical
important aspect of single flank testing is that it measuring system that describes the principle of
permits measurement of profile conjugacy, which operation. The phase difference of the two
is the parameter that most closely relatesto typical processed pulse trains is converted to an analog
gear noise. waveform proportional to variations in
Single flank testing is not a panacea. Lead or transmissionmotion.Motionvariations of less
tooth alignment variation of spur and helical gears than one arc second can be detected. This
cannot be measureddirectly by this method. difference is recorded as an analog waveform and
Lead variations do, however,influence other comes out of the instrument on a suip chart, as
motiontransmissionvariations that resultfrom shown in Fig F-3.
-(f1) = 9pulscs/Sec
z,
.. -b
F'íg F-2 Schematic of a Single Flank Measuring Device
ANSIIAOMA 138 2000-A88

a
Fig F-3 Individual Tooth Variations Revealed By Single Flank Testing
F4. Interpretation of Data. Gears with perfect figure

shows
additional
information of (a)
involute tooth forms will roll together with uniform adjacent pitchvariation, (b) total accumulated
motion.
When pitch
variations
involute
or pitchvariation,(c)tooth-to-toothtransmission
modifications (intentional or otherwise) exist in a variation. and (d) total transmission variation.
gear, non-uniform motion will result.
The ability to check accumulatedpitch
Insomeapplications, perfect involutes are
variation is an important attribute of single flank
desirable. However, profiles are often modified to
obtain a compromise between
load
carrying testing. First of all, there is a difference between
capabilities and smoothness of roll or transmitted runout and accumulated pitch variation. A gear
motion. Such modifications produce variations in with runout does
have
accumulated
pitch
the recorded data output. Thesevariationsmust variation. A gear with accumulated pitch variation
be acknowledgedwheninterpreting the graphs. does not necessarily have runout.
Figure F-4 shows three typical tooth shapes and
their resulting motion curves: Runoutoccurs in a gearwith a bore or
(1) 4a is a perfect involuteshowingzero locating surface that is eccentric from the pitch
angular displacement error circle of the teeth. Runout is shown as a variation
(2) 4b shows profile modification resulting in in depth of a ball type probe as it engages each
the parabola-like motion curve successive tooth slot. Or, it can be a largetotal
(3) 4cshows a tooth with pressureangle composite variation if observed on a double flank
variation and the resulting ramp motion curve tester.
Fig F-5 is mother way to show a relationship A gear can be produced by various meansthat
between involuteshape and a single flank graph of will have little or no runout as described above,
a spur gear. Such m e s are a graphic and will test excellent by the ball check. It could,
representation of some of the types of however, have large accumulative pitch variation.
non-uniformmotion that gears are likely to
This happens when a gear is cut with runout, and
transmit.
then shaved or ground on a machine that does not
Au tooth meshes, added together, wil have a rigid drive
coupling the tool tothe
generate the results as shown in Fig F-3. That workpiece.

A G H A 2000-A W Ob87575 O O O L L 7 3 5 b 7 W
(a) conjugate for tooth shapes
fi (b) curve
for
tip and root
relief
(c) curveforprofilerelief
Fig F 4 Angular Motion Curves from Tooth Modifications

PROFILE VARIATI N CURVE OF
MASTER &AR
F"q F-5 Graphic Representation of Non-Uniform Motion of Gears Under Light Load

ALMA 2000-A Ob87575 0001174 4 T 3 m
When the gear is cut with an eccentric pitch Accumulatedpitchvariation can.be found and
circle, the slots are at different radii and angular evaluated by a precision indedsingle probe
positions. When the gear is shaved, it is run with a spacing checker, or by a single flank composite
tool that maintains a constant, rigid center test.
distance, but is not connected to the workpiece by FiguresF-6 and F-7 are shown to help
a drive train. Therefore, all slots are now
illustrate the advantages of singleflankversus
machined to the same radius from the center of double flank composite tests.
rotation, andare displacedfrom true angular
position by varying small amounts. The resulting F5. Data Analysis. Much of the needed
gearhasverysmall amounts of individualpitch information can be read directly from the analog
variations, but has a largeaccumulatedpitch graph as describedabove.However, in many
variation to which the single flank tester responds. cases, this data becomes complex and difficult to
read. Techniques are available to aidin this
analysis
such as: Fourier analysis (real time
These accumulatedpitchvariationshaveall analyzers), time history averaging techniques, and
the undesirable effects of a gear with traditional computer aided data analysis. It is not the intent
runout. It would check good by either a ball of this Appendix to go into details of these
check or a double flank composite' test. subjects.
F3g F-6 Typical Recordings of Gears with Runout Variations
Fig F-7 Typical Recordings of Gears with Accumulated Pitch Variation

(Double and Single Flank Testing)

A G M A 2000-A Ob87575 DODL175 33T
Appendix G
Calibration of Master Gears and Gear Rolling Fixtures (Double Flank)
["his Appendix is provided for informational purposesonly and should not be construed as a part of
AmericanGear Manufacturers Association Standard 2000-A88, Gear Classification and Inspection
Handbook.]
G1. Purpose. This Appendix is provided to ways, as follows:
describe in detail a procedure forcalibrating G2.3.1
When High Quality Master
mastergears or specifiedgears and gearrolling Gear Available. If a master gear of two or more
fixturesforuseinperformingcompositeaction quality levels better than that of the master being
tests (double flank). calibrated is available, proceed as follows:
G2. Calibration of Master Gears or Specified Step 1. Mark one tooth of the high quality
Gears. prior to calibration, the master or master.
specified gear should be inspected to assure that it Step 2. Mark three teeth approximately 120'
meets all of the individual tooth and gear blank apart on the master to be calibrated.
tolerances for its quality class. Step 3. Mesh' the marked tooth of the high
quality master with one of the marked teeth of the
G2.1 Method of Calibration. Mastergears master being calibrated and rotate the master gear
may be calibrated for either of two different being calibrated through one revolution. Note the
measurements. The method of calibration to be total composite variation reading, and repeat this
given is dictated by the end use of the master, procedure for each of the two remaining marked
based on comprehensive inspection by either of teeth.
the following methods: Step 4. From the largest reading obtained in
Method I - For calibration of mastergears Step 3, subtract the known value of total
that
are to be used to determine the compositevariation of the highqualitymaster
tooth-to-tooth
compositevariations and total gear. This difference is the value of the composite
composite variation of a work gear. variation to be assigned tothe masterbeing
-
Method II For calibration of mastergear calibrated.
which will also be used to measurefunctional
tooth thickness(gearsize) as well ascomposite G2.3.2 Calibration Procedure for Two
Variations. Master Gears of Similar Quality. If two master
gears of similarquality are tobe evaluated,
G2.2 Suitability of Master Gear. The proceed as follows:
suitability of a specific master gear for inspecting a Step 1. Mark three teeth on eachmaster gear
given design of work gear should be established by at approximately 120 degree increments and
each of the following: identify each by 1, 2, 3, etc.
(1) Establish that the master gear will inspect Step 2. Mesh each pair of mastergears
the functional profile of the work gear. together on a gearrolling fixture. Starting with
(2) Establish that the tips of the workgear tooth 1 of Master A, rotate it starting with tooth 1
teeth w llinot interfere with the roots of the master of Master B, through one full revolution of each.
gear teeth, and that the work gear teeth will not Next, rotate tooth 2 of Master B with tooth 1 of
contact below the form diameter of the master Master A, and so on for nine combinations. Note
gear. the tooth combination that produces the
(3) Establish that the Quality level of the maximum total composite variation.
mastergear is equal to, orbetter, than the Step 3. If only two gears are to be evaluated,
tolerances specified in Table 8-1 through Table assign to each gearone-half of the maximum
8-4. value of total compositevariation,asnoted in
G2.3 Method I Calibration Proccdun. Step 2.
Method I Calibration can be performed in two Step 4. If threeor more gears are to be

A G H A 2000-A W 0b87575 O O O l l 7 b 276 D
evaluated, mesh each gear with each of the other Dm (diameter at center of pins)for the given
gears.Select the pair and meshingcombination number of teeth, diametral pitch, and pressure
that exhibits the lowest maximum value of total angle by using pages 6 and 8 of Standard AGMA
composite variation. 231.52.
Step 5 . For the pair found to have the lowest
maximum total compositevariation in Step 4, Step 3. Determine the theoretical pitch radius
assign one-half of the maximum value found to of the master gear.
each member. Call these the best musters.
Step 6. For each of the remaining
combinations in which either of the best master
):( ;”;;, =
gears noted in Step 5 were used, assign to the
Where N = number of teeth inmastergear
unmarked member the value of maximum total
Pd = diametral pitch of master gear
composite variation minus the amount assigned to
the best master in Step 5 .
Step 4. Measure the actualradiusover one
G2.4 Method II Calibration Procedure. pin, R;, for the mastergear. A radial
Method 11 calibrationestablishes the maximum
functional tooth thickness of the master gear in measurement over one pin is made by placing the
order that it may be used to determine the size of pin in every tooth space around the master gear.
work gears. The steps for performing Method II The five adjacent highest teeth (largest values of
calibration are as follows: R” ) should be selected, and the average R; for
M
Step 1. Carry out Steps 1 through 4 under these teeth calculated. Mark on the master the
Type I calibration. location of these teeth.
Step 2. Determine the number of teeth, Step 5 . Enter Master-Gear Calibration Curve
module or pitch, and pressure angle of the given
master.
FigG-1 or Fig G-2 with value AR^ which is
(a) If the mastergear has a standard found as follows:
pressureangle,obtainfor the given number of
teeth and pressureangle the measurementover N
pins for 1 diametral pitch Dm in Tables 1 and 5 of ,

AGMA 231.52 (20 deg or 14-1/2 deg).
where RM = calculatedvalue in Step 2
”
Then, if master gear has an even number of RM = measuredvalue in Step 4
teeth:
Use Fig G-1 when A R M is + (plus) and
0.5 Dm radius over one pin
G (even) = = to center of gear Fig
G-2when A RM iS - (IXhlS).
‘d
Or, if master gear has an odd number of teeth, Step 6 . Calculate the corrected testing radius
then: R;m for the mastergearfrom the following
--d equation:
(odd)= ‘d + 0.5d
L
2 COS @Oo/ N)
Where d = diameter of measuring pin. Step 7. Record the valuewhich is to be
(b) If the mastergear is neither used in setting up a gear-rolling fixture when the
14-1/2-deg nor 20-deg pressure angle, calculate functional gear size is to be determined.

A G M A 2000-A Ob87575OOOLL77 LO2
Gear Classificationand Inspection Handbook for Unassembled Spur and Helical Gears
.O025
.o020
.O015
.o01 o
.o005
O .O005 ,0010 .O015 .O020 ,0025 .
A CD NUMBER (A R , ), PLUS (t)
Fig G-1 Chart Number 1
.O025
.o020
,0015
,0010
.o005

A G M A 2000-A 0687575 0001178 o q q
NOTE: The use of the master-gear where

calibration curve permits the use of master ep = misalignment in the pitchplane
gears which do not have a value of tooth
thickness exactly equal to one-half of the (cross axis) incheslinch,
circular pitch. Depending upon the use to F. = activefacewidth(width of the
which the master is put, the curves shown narrower member in the mesh).
may be extrapolated somewhat. The limits
ta = apparent tooth thickness(measured
shown are those at which an error of .O001
inch in tooth thicknessoccurswhen the tooth thickness, actual tooth
master gear is used to measure a 10-tooth thickness).
pinion with a long-addendum tooth. It should be noted that the apparent tooth
G3. Gear-Rolling Fixture. thickness is a biased error, and is greater than the
actual tooth thickness ofthe work gear. The
G3.1 Calibration. The calibration of a alignment in the pitch plane can be conveniently
gear-rollingfixtureconsists in establishing the checked with a gage similar to that shown in Fig
accuracy with which the fixture can hold the work G-3. The variation of high point readings, as the
gear and the master gear in relation to each other, gage is move across the arbors, should not exceed
and the sensitivityof its indicating or recording a valueequal to 0.036 times the ratio of the
mechanism. The amount of effort to be expended testing radius tolerance to the face width of the
in the rolling fixture calibration will depend upon work gear.
the accuracyclass of the gears to be inspected,
and also, if the gears are to have their functional
tooth thickness measured. The rollingfixture
should be calibrated for alignment, and the axes
and the indicating instruments should be chosen
for adequate sensitivity.
G3.2Axis-AlignmentCheck for Rolling
Fixture.The axes of the workgear andthe
master gear must be parallel when checking spur
and helical gears. The effects of misalignment can
be expressed in terms of the vector componentsin
the pitch and the axial planes.
The component in the pitch plane (cross axis)
will affect the sizereading and apparent tooth
thickness, and is a cause of end contact pattern,
also known as cross bearing or end tooth contact.
Fig G-3 Cross-Axis Alignment of Test
Apparent path thickness is the tooth thickness Arbors
that a work gear seems to have when inspected by The component in the axial plane
a mastergear of a given tooth thickness on a (non-parallelism), will affect the center distance
specific
gear-rolling
fixture. The difference setting on the rolling fixture, and is a cause of end
between the true tooth thickness of a gear and its contact.
apparent tooth thickness,Al, is a function of the AC
misalignment of the axes of the gear-rolling ea = y- or - whichever is smaller
fixture, and the active face widthof the mesh.
tan+
Thus where
ea = misalignmentin the axial plane,
(non-parallelism)
ep=- U
L = activelength ofSet-up pans (arbors,

Fa

A G M A 2000-A 9 Ob87575 O O O L L 7 9 T85 m
pitch disks, blocks, etc.) camage of the gearrollingfixturethrough the

AC = allowable center distancevariation working range of the indicator or recorder. The
dynamicaccuracy is established by inserting a
+ = pressure
angle
wedge,or tapered arbor, betweenset-uparbors
held in the work gear and master gear axes, and
The axial alignment should be checked with a observing the indicator readings. The taper of the
gage-block stack. Test arbors of uniform diameter wedge should not exceed 0.001 inches per inch
should be placed in the master gear and in the (0.025 mm per mm) , and should be scribed at
work gear axes. 0.0005 inch (0.013 mm) intervals of taper. This
The gage-block stack should be moved axially wedge should be inserted at a uniform rate, not to
along the arbors and the fixture indicator reading exceed a calibration point every five seconds, and
limits noted.The variationshouldnot exceed withdrawn at the same rate. The checkingload
one-twentieth (1/20th) of the total composite shouldbe the sameas the load to be used to
tolerance (see Fig G-4). check the actualgears.Figure G-6 shows a
typical hysterisis loop resulting from a plot of this
test.
position
Fig G-5 Roll Tester Error Spread
G3.5 Load Correction. Center distance
measurementsaresensitive to load variations.
Fig G-4 Parallel Alignment of Test Decreasing the load without
re-zeroing the
Arbors indicator will cause an apparent increasein the
indicated gear size. This condition is shown in Fig
G3.3 Sensitivity. Good gaging practice
G-4. In practice, it is notpossible to obtain a
requires that the sensitivity level of the indicating
reading, at or close to zero load, but, since the
or recording equipment on the gear rolling fixture, deflection verses load characteristic is quite linear,
should be one-tenth (l/lOth) of the quantity to it is possible to determine the no-loadvalueby
be measured.(Centerdistance tolerance, total
plotting a seriesofreading, and projecting the
composite tolerance or tooth-to-tooth composite m e back to zero load. It should be noted that
tolerance). the condition shown in Fig G-6 also exists when
63.4 Accuracy. The accuracylevelshould roll tester is zeroed to the Set-upgage(see Fig
fall within the range of the indication unit. This G-70. Thus, for any particular checking load, it
implies that the worst non-repeat between testers will be observed that zeroing the indicator to the
w llinot exceed one fifth (115th) of the quantity to set-up gage will result in a zeroing error equal to
be measured. The accuracy of a roll tester an amount 2, which can be corrected for by
movement is determined bymoving the carriage offsetting the indicator to a minus Z. Then, it
through the indicating range, first one direction follows that the truesize of the gear will be larger
and then the other, andnoting the error atvarious than indicated by an amount P, which can be
positions. Figure G-5 shows how the results of corrected by setting the indicator to a plus P. In
this test appear when plotted. The carriage short, setting the indicator to a value P-Z, with
movement error is determined by moving the the setup gagein place, will result in a true size
ANSUAGMA 146 2000-AS8

..A
- GRA 2000-A Ob87575 O O O L L 8 0 7T7 W
indication. Experienced inspectors usually know and if all dimensional reference temperatures are
whether or not it is necessary to determine the the same, usually 68 degree, there is no need for a
load correction; Le.,when the deflection m e s temperature correction; and conversely, a
are parallel, as they often are, the load correction temperature correction is in order if these
can be neglected. conditions are not met. The essential idea of a
temperature correction is to compute the effect of
the ambient temperature upon the Set-up parts
such as gage blocks, arbors, and pitch discs. Set
the indicator to read m e length (usually a plus
correction), compute the effect of the ambient
temperature upon the gears and mountings when
used, and lastly, correct the indicator(usually a
minus correction). A simplified example may help
to clarify t h i s latter correction. Assuming the
indicator has been set to read m e length, then
two known lengths, say M and G, would cause the
indicator to read:
[M+MK, (A-RM)] + [ G + G K g ( A -Rg)]

Fig G-6 Apparent Size Changes as a
where
Function of Load Change
K = temperature coefficient
A = ambient temperature
R = dimensional reference temperature
T To make the indicator read the desired M =
P G, a correction equal and opposite to
g,f
IT
M K m ( A - R M ) + GKg(A -Rg) should be
applied. It may be worth nothing that, in general,
the foregoingcorrection is not exact; i.e., the
gears are treated as pitch discs, and not as gears.
In reality, the pitches are not equal, assuming the
temperature coefficients forthe gears are unequal,
and therefore, theend result w li be a false
indication
for
gear
size and tooth-to-tooth
compositevariation. This effect is usuallysmall
Lod compared to the quantity to be measured.
Likewise, the exact correction to a pin
FIg G 7 Relation Between the Zeroing measurement is quite complex, the reason being
Setup and the Part Setup that a temperature change causes a relative
63.6 Temperature Correction. If all movementbetween the pin and teeth, assuming
temperature coefficients for gage blocks, arbors, that the temperature coefficients for the gear and
pitch discs, master gear, and work gear are equal, pinion are unequal. Again, the effect is small.
?

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AGHA 2000-A 0687575 O001022 114

ERRATA July, 1990

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

ERRATA January 19, 1989

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

(Partial Revision of AGMA 390.03)

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

GEAR CLASSIFICATION AND INSPECTION HANDBOOK

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

AGMA iii 2000-A88

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

Personnel of AGMA Inspection and Handbook Committee

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

Table of Contents (cont)

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

Table of Contents (cont)

3- 1 IndividualElementTolerancesRequired byAGMAQualityNumber ..... 17

8- 1 Master Gear Class Element

AGMA vii 2000-A88

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

Table of Contents (cont)

4- 1 Illustration of AGMAClassificationNumber ........................ 24

AGMA viii 2000-A88

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

Table of Contents (cont)

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

1. Scope 1.5 Materials and

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

Table 2-1 (cont)

Characteristic Symbols as Subscripts

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

Allowable PitchVariation. (See

Base Helix. Basehelixisahelixwhichlies Composite Tolerance, Tooth-to-Tooth

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

Datum Axis of Rotation. The datum axis of

Composite Tolerance,Total (Double Double Flank Composite Action Test. (See

4 1 REVOLUTION (360’) OF WORK GEAR _____L

Fig 2-3 Total Composite Variation Trace

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

Index Variation, V.‘ Index variationis the InspectionChart.The generated recording

INDEX READINGS ( v,)

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

Fig 2-5 Lead

Tooth Thickness, Chordal, Normal)

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

divided by the number of teeth. This can be

Pitch, Diametral, Normal, pnd. The normal

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

Fig 2-9 Principal Planes in Gear Geometry

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

Profile. Profileis one side of a tooth in a Profile

%- \START OF TIP BREAK

START OF TIP BREAK

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

is used to determine tooth thickness(see Fig

Fig 2-13 Profile (Plus and Minus)

Runout. Runout is the maximumvariation

COPYRIGHT American Gear Manufacturers Association, Inc.

Fig 2-15 Span Measurement