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Power Plants-I (ME 406), Spring 2020, Semester 6, Week 1-Topic-2 (1 hr)
1-INTRODUCTION TO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
Engr Prof Dr Imtiaz Hakeem

POWER PLANTS-I (ME 406)

SPRING SEMESTER 2020

WEEK 1
12-03-20

Topic 2 (1 hr)
By

Engr. Prof. Dr. Imtiaz Hakeem

Department of Mechanical Engineering
Sarhad University of Science & IT
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Power Plants-I (ME 406), Spring 2020, Semester 6, Week 1-Topic-2 (1 hr)
1-INTRODUCTION TO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
Engr Prof Dr Imtiaz Hakeem

1. INTRODUCTION TO
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

(b) Engine Classifications

Heat engines can be can be classified by:

1. Method of combustion: (a) I. C. Engine (b) E. C. Engine [as discussed].
2. Applications: (a) Passenger vehicle (automobile, lorries, coaches) (b) Goods vehi-
cles (truck, tractors) (c) Locomotive (d) Light air craft (e) Marine (f) Portable
power system (g) Power generation [e.g., Independent Power Plants (IPP)]
3. Speed: (a) slow-speed (b) Medium-speed (c ) High-speed
4. Basic engine design: (a) Reciprocating (piston or positive-displacement type) (b)
Rotary (positive-displacement)/Wankel engine (c) Rotodynamic (variable
speed)/Gas turbines
5. Cylinder arrangement: (a) In-line (b) V (c) Radial (d) Opposed
6. Number of cylinders: (a) Single cylinder (b) Multi-cylinders.
7. Working cycle: (a) Four-stroke- Naturally-aspirated; Supercharged; Turbocharged
(b) Two-stroke- Crankcase scavenged; Supercharged; Turbocharged
8. Valve or port design: (a) Overhead (or I-head) valves (b) Underhead (or L-head)
valves; Cross-scavenged porting (inlet and exhaust ports on opposite side of cylin-
der at one end); Loop-scavenged porting (inlet and exhaust ports on same side of
cylinder at one end); Uniflow-scavenged (inlet and exhaust ports or valves at dif-
ferent ends of cylinder)
9. Fuel used: (a) Gasoline (Petrol) (b) Fuel oil (of Diesel fuel) (c) Natural gas (d)
Liquid petroleum gas (LPG) (e) Compressed natural gas (CNG) (f) Hydrogen
10. Method of mixture preparation: (a) Carburetion (b) Fuel injection (into the in-
take manifold or into the cylinder
11. Method of ignition: (a) Spark ignition (SI) (b) Compression ignition (CI)
12. Combustion chamber design: (a) Open chamber (disc, wedge, hemisphere, bowl-
in-piston) (b) Divided (swirl, anti, pre)
13. Combustion type: (a) Intermittent (b) Continuous
14. Method of load control: (a) Throttling of fuel and air flow together so mixture
composition is unchanged- quantity governing (b) Control of fuel flow alone (for
example, in the quality governing of diesel engines)
15. Method of cooling: (a) Water-cooled (b) Air-cooled
16. Method of lubrication: (a) Petrol lubrication (b) Auto-lube
17. Differential arrangement: (a) Rare-wheel drive (gearbox-propeller shaft-differ-
ential) (b) Front wheel drive (transaxle, where there is no propeller shaft)
18. Cylinder configuration: (a) in-line (b) V
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Power Plants-I (ME 406), Spring 2020, Semester 6, Week 1-Topic-2 (1 hr)
1-INTRODUCTION TO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
Engr Prof Dr Imtiaz Hakeem

19. Drive: (a) Right-hand (b) Left hand

20. Gearbox, and Bodies: Manual; Auto transmission; Two-door; Four-door; Sedan;
Station, etc.