MAIN PARTS OF AN AIRPLANE

1. Fuselage
 Basic structure of airplane to which
wings, empennage and landing gear are
attached.
 It is designed to hold passengers, crew
and cargo.
2. Empennage (tail)
 Consist of vertical horizontal stabilizers
 It provides the best stabilizing influence
of all the components an airplane.
3. Engine
 Gives the thrust needed for flight.
 The type of engines depends on the
mission requirement of the air plane.
4. Wing
 The wing is designed to produce lift.
 It may contain fuel cells and land gear.
 Airplane control surfaces (aileron, flaps,
slat and spoiler) also attached on it.

Types of wings

 High Wing – wing on the top of the

fuselage
 Mid wing – wing on the middle of the
fuselage
 Low wing – wing on the bottom of the
fuselage

5. Landing gear
 It can be fixed in place or retractable
 Lots of small airplanes have fixed landing gear which increase drag force but keep the airplane
lightweight.
 Larger, faster and more complex airplanes have retractable landing gear.
 Most planes today use landing gear called Tricycle Landing Gear arrangements.
6. Cockpit / Flight Deck
 Front part of the fuselage and contains the entire instrument needed to fly the plane.
 It has hardened doors to secure from entering unauthorized persons.
7. Cabin
 Which section of the fuselage for passengers or cargo or both.
8. Cargo
 Which below the passengers deck where cargo and baggage are carried.
9. Primary control surfaces
1. Ailerons –
 Provide roll control – Roll
the aircraft to the right or
left.
2. Elevator -
 Provide pitch control –
Nosing the aircraft up and
down.
3. Rudder –
 Provide yaw control –
Turning the aircraft left and
right.
10. Additional control surfaces

Flaps

1. Movable control surface

2. Used to change lift forces
3. Deflects downward during take-off
and landing to increase the lift
force.
4. Reflects immediately after landing
to decrease lift force.

Slats

5. Movable control surface

6. Used to change lift forces
7. Used to get off the ground quickly
and landing slowly.