H.

P NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY,

SHIMLA

Assignment
SOCIOLOGY

Submitted To
MR AMIT CHATURVEDI

Submitted By
KUNAL MEHTO
Roll no. – 16
BA.LLB.(HONS.) –II SEMESTER
ACKNOWLEDGMENT

     "It is not possible to prepare a project report without the assistance &encouragement of
other people. This one is certainly no exception. "
I would like to express my thanks to the people who have helped me most throughout my
project. I am grateful to my professor MR AMIT CHATURVEDI for nonstop support for the
project.

A special thank of mine goes to Dr. S.C RAINA (VC NLU,SHIMLA) & Dr.S.S
Jaswal(registrar, NLU shimla) who helped me out in completing the project.I wish to thank
my parents for their personal support or attention who inspired me to go my own way.

At last but not the least I want to thank my friends who treasured me for my hard work and
encouraged me and finally to God who made all the things possible for me till the end.

KUNAL MEHTO
 SOCIOOGICAL PROFILE OF DISTRICT-
HOSHANGABAD

Preface-
In this assignment I initially present some facts, statistical data of my district Hoshangabad
collected from various sources such as newspaper article, journal, Madhya Pradesh government
official website, 2011 census of India and interviews. The ultimate aim of this assignment is to
discuss the background of the district with detailed discussion of the district, covering its
geographical settings, physical characteristics, economic profile and social structural aspects.

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE DISTRICT

Hoshangabad derived its name from Sultan Hoshang Shah Ghori; the second king to Malwa of
the Ghori line who conquered it. Narmadapur(After the narmada river) was its erstwhile name.
There is no proper account of ancient history of Hoshangabad district. Its name appeared first in
the historical records during the reign of Sultan Hoshangshah Ghori in 1405 A.D who built a
small fort at Hoshangabad along with two others at Handia and Joga. In his expeditions against
the Gond king of Kherla near Betul, he always took the route through Harda and Hoshangabad.

GEOGRAPHICAL STATS AND DEMOGRAPHY-

Hoshangabad is one of the 51 districts present in state of Madhya Pradesh. Hoshangabad is
located at 22.75°N 77.72°E. The total area of Madhya Pradesh is 3,08,346 sq km(second largest
state in terms of area after Rajasthan) while that of Hoshangabad district is 5408.23 sq
km(census 2011). The same census revealed the population of Hoshangabad district as 12, 41350
out of which 6,48,725 are males and 5,92,625 are females. While the rural population is
8,51,364(445,062 male and 406,302 are female) and urban population is 3,89,986(203,663 are
males and 186,323) this stats clearly indicate that majority of the population(68.58%) of district
Hoshangabad lives in village(total 961 villages out of them 921 are inhabited and 40 are
uninhabited) and only 31.42% lives in urban area(12 town).

As per the statistics of 2011 there is very little difference

between sex ratio of urban area and rural area, in urban area sex ratio is 915 females for each
1000 male and in rural area sex ratio is 913 females for every 1000 male, there is as yet an
expansive hole between the male and females in area yet according to the report of census
decadal population growth , development of females(15.64%) is higher than male(13.46%) amid
the time of 2001-2011. These information shows the adjustment in attitude of the general
population living in region. Before males are favored over the females but now there is no such
inclination is given, both are considered to be equivalent and this colossal change happen
because of initiative taken by government of Madhya Pradesh (beti bachao yojna) to save girl
child. This initiative is under the personal stewardship of the cheif minister shivraj singh chauhan
and he is making a decent attempt to end the segregation amongst males and females.

Rising literacy rate in district also played an essential part in

putting a full stop to such sex discrimination. Now 83.35% of males of the area are literate and
66.45% of females are literate. Still there is need to bridge the gap between the literacy rate of
male and female however according to the article of daily paper "dainik bhaskar" there is
colossal development in the literacy rate of females when contrasted with the census of 2011.
Government of Madhya Pradesh has played an important role in bridging the gap between
literacy rate of males and females. Government has propelled different plans, for example, beti
padao,beti badao yojna, Ladli laxmi yojna etc.

Government is quite successful in its mission to save girl

child and increase literacy rate of women but now a new area of concern arouse for government
that is literacy rate of schedule caste and schedule tribe. The literacy rate of SC and ST in the
district is at alarmingly low rate. The literacy rate of of SC is 16.51% and that of ST is 15.89%.
now also these backward classes
Economic profile of the district
The economy of the district is mainly dependent upon agriculture. The analysis of occupational
structure of the district indicates that the district is still economically backward, with a large
proportion of population engaged in agriculture. The percentage of agriculture labours has
increased in recent years. Out of total geographical area of district 5408.23 sq km 291785 hectre
of land is used for agricultural purpose and out of which 227795 is net irrigated area and rest of
the land has to be depend on the monsoon. Hoshnagabad district is one of the leading producers
of soyabean in the state.

As the majority of population of district lives in village and dependent on

agriculture there is vary less literacy rate among the farmers and workers, working in the field.
Especially low class workers who belong to SC and ST. The literacy rate of SC and ST in the
district is at alarmingly low rate. The literacy rate of of SC is 16.51% and that of ST is 15.89%.
working in the field is considered as inherent job for the low class labours and they think if child
has to work in the fields only than why should he waste his time in school rather he should go
regularly to field and gain some work experience. And even many schemes of government failed
to attract these children to school.

Fair and festival

FAIR OF RAMLEELA

 This fair is organised in the itarsi Tehsil of hoshangabad district. It is more than 100 years old.
January-February are the months reserved for it. every year. About 15,000 people assemble in this
fair.

FAIR OF RAMJI BABA

 The name of ramji Baba is famous in hoshangabad, itarsi and nearby areas. It is believed that
ramji Baba's blessings remove the barrenness of women. This fair is held in the months of
August and September in the entire region as ramji baba fairs.
 FAIR OF BUDNI

 More than 250 years old, this fair is held in Sanwalkheda of hoshangabad district near the tomb
of the Muslim saint haji ali. The time for holding this fair is in August-September.

Caste distribution
According to M.N.Srinivas caste is an institution of great complexity. He has divided caste
into fivefolds in the hierarchy. Brahmins are on the top followed in order by kshatriyas, vaishyas
or traders, shudras or servants and labourers and lastly, the untouchables.

Same Caste system prevail in society but now more

emphasis is given to the status. As most of the population of the district lives in village and
seeing the caste system in village and domination of poor low class people by the upper class of
the society government decided to amend the rules and comes with a legislation that now in
every village of Hoshangabad district the head of village or sarpanch will be elected from SC
and ST section of the society.

This amendment brought a tremendous change in the society. Now a Brahmin has to
wait outside the resident of a untouchable and has to give respect to him. Now every person in
the society want to make a good relation with the person who is currently in power ignoring his
caste and religion. Now person who is poor is considered as untouchable and person with power
is considered to be Brahmin in the society. For example there is a sweet shop in the sub district
of Hoshangabad which is very famous for its taste, variety of sweets and luxury. All the people
want to taste the sweet of that shop ignoring the fact that the shop belongs to a untouchable and
the person who makes those sweets is also a untouchable. But now having sweet from that shop
is considered to be a symbol of status in the society.

Q. what are the various religious, caste and tribal group residing in the district? In what
ways are they interdependent in the socio economic realm?

According to the census of 2011, in the district of Hoshangabad Hindu are in majority with
90.25% of total population and followed in order by the muslim with 7.67% of total population,
Christian(0.51%), sikh(0.48%), Buddhist(0.47%), jain (0.60%) and other religion(0.01)
As most of the population of district is living in village and most of the area of district
Hoshangabad are covered with forest so there are many tribal group living in the area. These
tribal people perform various superstitious practices which are banned by the law but these
tribal’s believe in their own law and have their own jurisdiction. And because of their
superstitious activates 3 villages of district Hoshangabad are burned by the other villages and
tribal people living in that are forced to leave their homes.

As M.N. Shrinivas described in his reading “The Caste System Of india” that the real unit of the
caste system in india is not one of the five vernas but jati, which is very small endogamous group
practicing a traditional occupation and enjoying a certain amount of culture, rituals, and juridical
autonomy. As defined by the M.N. Shrinivas each caste is traditionally associated with the
separate occupation. They inherit their occupation from their caste. There are different caste and
communities are present within Hoshangabad. Such as ahir(carpenter), chamar(SWEEPER),
nau(barbar), telli(trader). Each of the specific cast is assigned to a specific work and only a
particular caste is assigned to do that particular job.

Like jain are mostly shopkeepers and traders. They avoid farming because they thing that
farming leads to killing of various insects and taking others life is prohibited in their religion,
muslims are either have garage or having meat shop and non veg restraints in the district, Sikhs
are either farmer or indulge in transport business. Hindus are mainly farmer, Christian are mostly
indulge in the profession of teaching or they provide their services in the hospital.

Hence each and every cast is interdependent on each other. Each caste
have specialization in their own field hence we cannot neglect the contribution of any of the
caste in the district.

Q. Has there been a noticeable change in the political representation of the district in the
lok shabha and the respective vidhan shabha over the last three elections? How would
sociology help you account for this change?

. Covering the entire Hoshangabad District and parts of the Raisen and Narsinghpur districts,
Hoshangabad is one of the 29 Lok Sabha constituencies in Madhya Pradesh. The total number of
electorates in the Hoshangabad Lok Sabha Constituency (constituency number 17) according to
Election Commission of India 2009 reports are 1,297,404 of which 700,537 are males and
596,867 are females. Although the constituency is spread over three districts, it is thus named
because it is spread majorly in the Hoshangabad district, from which it draws its name. The town
of Hoshangabad, which is one of the assembly segments in this constituency, is the
administrative centre in the Hoshangabad district.

A total of eight segments makes up the Hoshangabad parliamentary constituency, out of which,
Pipariya is reserved for the Scheduled Caste candidates. A total of 1,299,474 voters reside in the
Hoshangabad Parliamentary constituency, as per 2009 statistics

Election Results
General Election, 2014: Hoshangabad

Party Candidate Votes % ±

BJP Uday Pratap Singh 6,69,128 64.85 +19.82

INC Devendra Patel (Guddu) 2,79,168 27.06 -20.67

AAP Maya Vishwakarma 17,837 1.73 New

BSP Pradeep Ahirwar 14,154 1.37 -0.50

IND. Devendra Patel (Gudda) 13,412 1.30 New

NOTA None of the Above 18,741 1.82 New

Majority 3,89,960 37.79 +35.09

Turnout 10,31,175 65.76 +10.94

BJP gain from INC Swing +17.12

General Election, 2009: Hoshangabad

Party Candidate Votes % ±

INC Uday Pratap Singh 3,39,496 47.73

BJP Rampal Singh 3,20,251 45.03

IND. Sudama Prasad 13,325 1.87

BSP B. M. Kaushik 13,299 1.87

 IND. Dinesh Kumar Ahirwar 6,456 0.91

Majority 19,245 2.70

Turnout 7,11,229 54.82

INC gain from BJP

There has been drastic changes in last 2 election. And one of them is uday pratap singh who
fought election for congress in 2009 has changed his party and joined BJP(bhartiya janta party).
His presence mean a lot to the congress and as he left the party they lose the election. Uday
pratap singh joined bjp in 2014 and got ticket from hoshngabad district. The probable cause for
which he joined bjp is influence of narendra modi and as in Madhya Pradesh there is govt. of
BJP so it is difficult for MP of congress party to exercise all his power. So he joined BJP.

With addition of uday pratap singh in their squad bjp was in benefit because he is already MP
from that area and as he left congress, congress does not have any substitute and congress
became weaker. In this election BJP has played a mind game that they attract the follower of
uday pratap and lessen the votes of congress and with the help of their supporter they won the
election with clear majority.

Conclusion
after the analyzing the facts and data of the district I came to a conclusion that in recent 10 year
district has witness plethora of changes. Its literacy rate is rising day by day