ASSIGNMENT

POLITICAL SCIENCE
SUBJECT CODE: BA 101
SEMESTER: FIRST

ESSAY POLITICAL SCIENCE IS A MASTER

SCIENCE

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:

ARYAN MISHRA DR. VED PRAKASH
ROLL NO: 1020181906 (ASST.PROFESSOR)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is not possible to prepare a project report without the assistance and

encouragement of other people. This is certainly no exception. I am using
this opportunity to express my gratitude to everyone who supported me
throughout the course of this assignment. I am thankful for their aspiring
guidance, invaluably constructive criticism and friendly advice during the
assignment work. I am sincerely grateful to them for sharing their truthful
and illuminating views on a number of issue related to the project. I would
like to express my special gratitude to Prof. (Dr.) S.S. Jaswal, Registrar
and Officiating Vice Chancellor, H.P. National Law University, Shimla
and Assistant Professor of Political Science, Dr. Ved Prakash who
gave me the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project, which also
helped me in doing a lot of Research and I came to know about so many
new things for which I am indebted to them from the core of my heart. I also
acknowledge with a deep sense of reverence, my gratitude towards my
parents and member of my family, because of whom I have managed to
complete this assignment on time and who have always supported me
morally. At last, my gratitude goes to all of my friends who directly or
indirectly helped me to complete this assignment. Any omission in this brief
acknowledgement does not mean lack of gratitude.
 POLITICAL SCIENCE IS A MASTER SCIENCE

Before analyzing that why Political Science is known as a Master

Science , we will discuss that what what do we mean by Political
Science.
Political science is a social science which deals with systems of
governance, and the analysis of political activities, political thoughts,
and political behavior. It deals extensively with the theory and practice
of politics which is commonly thought of as determining of the
distribution of power and resources. Political scientists "see themselves
engaged in revealing the relationships underlying political events and
conditions, and from these revelations they attempt to construct general
principles about the way the world of politics works.
Political science -- occasionally called politicology -- comprises
numerous subfields, including comparative politics, political
economy, international relations, political theory, public
administration, public policy, and political methodology. Furthermore,
political science is related to, and draws upon, the fields
of economics, law, sociology, history, philosophy, geography, psycholog
y/psychiatry, and anthropology.
Comparative politics is the science of comparison and teaching of
different types of constitutions, political actors, legislature and
associated fields, all of them from an intrastate perspective. International
relations deals with the interaction between nation-states as well as
intergovernmental and transnational organizations. Political theory is
more concerned with contributions of various classical and
contemporary thinkers and philosophers.
Political science is methodologically diverse and appropriates many
methods originating in social research. Approaches
include positivism, interpretivism, rational choice
theory, behaviouralism, structuralism, poststructuralism, realism, 
Institutionalism, and pluralism. Political science, as one of the social
sciences, uses methods and techniques that relate to the kinds of
inquiries sought: primary sources such as historical documents and
official records, secondary sources such as scholarly journal
articles, survey research, statistical analysis, case studies, experimental
research, and model building.

Now we will discuss why Political science is known as A Master

Science
Political science as an academic discipline has existed for only a
century, but the study of government and politics is at least as old when
humans started living in communities.  For Aristotle, politics was the
"master science" on which all branches of human activity depended.
Politics is no less central to an understanding of our own society and the
world around us. This subject not only studies about government and
state but also give the idea of rights to the citizens of a country
According to Aristotle Political Science is a master science.
But before proving political science as a master science we must first
look that why political science is considered as a science although its
area is very different from the science which we used to study .
Changing nature of politics: Is Political science a
Science ?

Whether politics can be considered a science has been a long standing

controversy. Aristotle adopted a scientific approach to the study of the
discipline. He separated the study of politics form ethics and law,
examined and compared constitutions (158) and classified governments
into meaningful categories. On the other hand James Bryce, Charles
Beard and Harold Laski are of the opinion that politics is not a science.
It is said that the nomenclature Political Science Owes its origin to
William Godwin and Mary Wollstonecraft.
Science is systematised body of knowledge abut any phenomenon
which is governed by its own laws. Science is based on collection of
data, generalization, accuracy and verification or experimentations. Let’s
try to test political science on these grounds.

Political science is not a science:

 Lacks precise and Uniform Definition
 Lacks investigation and generalizations
 Lacks experimentation
 Lacks Objectivity
 Lacks predictability

Political science is science:

 If by the term science we mean a systematized body of knowledge

political science can certaimly be called as a science. Dr.Finer
rightly sats that “ we can be prophets of probable if not seers of
certain”political science has been able to develop a syatematised
body of knowledge on broad terms like state, government etc. after
due observation, comparision and some sort of experimentation.
 It is possible to conduct some experiments through which political
scientist can benefit. It is well known that Aristotle bases his
‘politics’ on his study of the working of 158 constitutions.
Likewise, Lord Bryce compared the working of democracy in
various countries and then came to conclusions with regard to
relative merits and demerits of democracy. B N Rau constitutional
 advisor to the government of India also made a comparative study
of various constitutions and presented a report to the constituent
assembly.
 It is true that there is no consensus among experts regarding the
method, principles and conclusions of political science. But
political science is a dynamic study of living subject-matter. It
deals with man and his institutions.

Scope of Political Science

The scope of political science is vast and experts have divided the field
of political science into five sub-disciplines that are political theory,
public administration, comparative politics, international relations, and
public law. It needs to be noted that these sub-disciplines cover the
entire gamut of the modern political economy and provide the basis for
the study and understanding of how the global political economy works.
The study of the matters concerning the allocation and distribution as
well as the transfer of power is one of the main preoccupations of
political scientists. The success or otherwise of the governance
structures is gauged by political scientists who examine the multifaceted
and multilayered factors at work that contribute to good or bad
governance. The scope of the political scientists has now been
broadened to include the realm of the study of the democratic elections
across the world. In other words, with the explosion in the political
systems all over the world, political scientists, and their scope of study
has been considerably enhanced.

The Importance of Political Science

The importance of political science lies in the fact that all of us live
within political systems and we are affected by the changes in the global
political economy. With the advent of globalization, there has been a
concomitant rise in the interest taken by the people of the world in
understanding the political systems of other countries. Hence, political
scientists become valued and important as they provide the lens through
which we can understand the global political economy. There are many
universities that provide graduate and higher-level degrees in political
science and in recent years, because of the renewed interest in political
science as a field of study, there are many takers for these courses.
This article sets the context for the subsequent discussion on the various
aspects of political science and its relevance to the modern political
economy.