ADOBE

PHOTOSHOP
BEGINNERS’ GUIDE
2020
Everything you must know in
Adobe Photoshop

Richard
Steve
 Copyright
All rights reserved. No part of this publication
Adobe Photoshop Beginners’ Guide 2020 may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or
transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording,
scanning without permission in writing by the
author.

Printed in the United States of America

© 2020 by Richard Steve

Gilob Publishing House

USA | UK | CANADA

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 CONTENTS

Copyright …………………………………………………………… i
Introduction ……………………………………………………… v

1
GETTING STARTED ……………………………………………. 1
THE INTERFACE ………………………………………………… 3
Menu Bar ……………………………………………….. 3
Document Window ………………………………… 3
Document Tab ………………………………………… 6
Tools ………………………………………………………. 7
Options Bar …………………………………………… 11
Panels …………………………………………………… 12
LAYERS …………………………………………………………… 14
Overview ………………………………………………. 14
Types of Layer ………………………………......... 20
Background Layer ………………………. 20
Shape Layer ………………………………… 21
Type Layer ………………………………….. 23
Paint Layer …………………………………. 28
Adjustment Layer ……………………….. 30

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 2
THE TYPE TOOL ………………………………………………. 32
Horizontal Type Tool …………………………….. 40
Vertical Type Tool …………………………………. 40
Horizontal and Vertical Type Mask Tool .. 41
SELECTION TOOLS …………………………………………… 42
Marquee Tools ……………………………………… 42
Lasso Tools …………………………………………… 44
Polygonal Lasso Tool …………………… 44
Magnetic Lasso Tool …………………… 44
Quick Selection Tool …………………………….. 46
Magic Wand Tool ……………………….. 48
RETOUCHING TOOLS ………………………………………. 49
Stamp Tools …………………………………………. 49
Spot Healing Brush Tool ……………………….. 52
Healing Brush Tool ……….…………….. 54
Content-Aware Move Tool ……….… 56
Red Eye Tool ………………………………. 57
OTHER TOOLS …………………………………………………. 58
Crop Tool ……………………………………………… 58
Eyedropper Tool …………………………………… 59
Color Sampler Tool …………………….. 60
Ruler Tool ……………….………………….. 60
Note Tool ……………………………………. 61
Brush Tool ……………………………………………. 61

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 Pencil Tool ………………………………….. 62
Eraser Tool …………………………………………… 62
Gradient Tool ……………………………………….. 62
Blur Tool ………………………………………………. 63
Sharpen Tool ………………………………. 64
Smudge Tool ………………………………. 64
Dodge Tool …………………………………………… 64
Burn Tool ……………………………………. 64
Sponge Tool ……………………………….. 65
Pen Tool ……………………………………………….. 65
Add Anchor Point Tool ……………….. 66
Delete Anchor Point Tool ……………. 66
Path/Direct Selection Tool ……………..…..… 66
Zoom Tool ……………………………………………. 66

3
REMOVING THE BACKGROUND OF A PHOTO …. 67
DESIGNING A LOGO ………………………………………… 74

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 INTRODUCTION

Adobe Photoshop is a computer application

created by Adobe Systems Inc. for the purpose of
editing and manipulating images. It is designed for
both Windows and Mac OS.
Adobe Photoshop is a powerful tool for
communicating ideas digitally. And your ability to
use Adobe Photoshop will let you bring your
creative thought into reality.
If you intend becoming a Photographer, Graphic
Designer, Freelancer, Web Developer, Art Director
and the likes, this is the right book for you to kick-
start your career as I will be showing you the
things that you need to know. Adobe Photoshop
Beginners’ Guide 2020 is easy to read and
understand with illustrations that will help you
remember each step as you design on your own.

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 GETTING STARTED

Simplyolocate andoclick on the Adobe Photoshop

icon fromoyour Start Menu to getostarted using
it.

Your version of Adobe Photoshopomight be

different but you doonot have to worry about
that. There are different versions of this
application due tooadditional features added to
the recent Adobe Photoshop but the technique
and methodologyostill remainothe same.
When you open up Adobe Photoshop for the first
time, you will have aoscreenowith no image
because you haveonot worked onoany file.

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By the time you startoworking on files and open
Adobe Photoshop for the second time, you
willohave a list of filesothat you have
recentlyoworked on displayed. With that, you can
easilyogo back to anoexisting project that you are
still workingoon and complete it.

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 THE INTERFACE

The interface of the Adobe Photoshop contains

the Menu Bar, Document Window, Document
Tab, Tools, Options Bar and Panels. Let us talk on
each of the parts of Adobe Photoshop Interface;

1. Menu Bar
The Menu bar is at the top of the Adobe
Photoshop. It contains the File, Edit, Image,
Layer, Type, Select, Filter, View, Window
and Help tab.
These optionsoincorporateoalmost all the
functions in the Adobe Photoshop.

2. Document Window
This is the largestopart of theoAdobe
Photoshop Interface. It is where the image
is shown and edited.

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You can now open a documentoto see what
it reallyolooks like. To do this, go to the
Menu bar and click on the File tab. This will
give you some options; choose New to open
a new document. You can also choose Open
to open an existing document.
Alternatively, you can make use of
shortcutsoby the use ofoyour keyboard.
You can use Ctrl or Command + N and Ctrl
or Command + O to open a new document
and open an existing document
respectively. Please note that the Command
key is for the Mac Operating System.
When you open a new document, you get
this pop-up for the New Document;

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Here, you can now give a name to your
document at the Name Box. Enter the width
and height values for your document and
you can make the units either in Pixels,
Inches, Centimeters, Millimeters, Points
Picas and Columns. You also need to add a
resolution value of (300) when you are
working on a file toobe printed and (72)ofor
online use. I would suggestothatoyou still
make use of the default value, you will
understandobetter as we proceed.
Now click on OK. This is going to create a
new document for you.

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3. Document Tab
This part of the interface holds the
document. The document tab also contains
the name of our file.

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 The Document Tab will allow you to switch
amongst other documents. It holds the
document page itselfowith the document
name writtenoon it. You can also closeoa
document by clicking on the X symboloon
the Document Tab.

4. Tools
On the left hand side, we have aomenuoof
different tools that we can accessofrom the
Toolbar.
You can also select tools through the
Keyboard Shortcuts. As we proceed through
this course, I will indicateothe keyboard
shortcut for each tool selected. This will let
you get into the habit ofousing these
shortcuts because it is much faster to grab
your tools and optionsowith keyboard
shortcuts thanonavigating around with a
mouse.
The Tools are the most important part of
Adobe Photoshop. With the Tools, you can
do whatever you think of doing when it
comes to editing and manipulating images.

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The above image is the Tools in Adobe
Photoshop. When your mouse is placed on
a tool, you will have the name and the
shortcut.
On the Horizontal Type Tool for instance,
you will see Horizontal Type Tool (T). The
(T) is the keyboard shortcut. Alternatively, if
you want to grab the Horizontal Type Tool,
just press the letter T on your keyboard.

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Also, some toolsohaveoadditional tools
within while some do not. If you take a look
at the tools, you will see a little arrow at the
bottom right of the icons.oThe little arrow
indicatesoadditionalotool(s).

In the Horizontal Type Tool, if you click on

the arrow at the bottomoright corner, you
will see a box withoadditional tools in it.
Basically, any tool that has that arrow has
additional tool(s) in it.

Those are additionalotools that can help

you to achieve what you want to achieve
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based on the tooloselected. All the Tools
give you different options for achieving
what you want. Someotools will work
better than the others. Just take your time
to knowowhich tool youoare going to need
for your project.
You must practiceoevery time in order to
understand what differentotools do,ohow
to use them and know whichotool will be
the best foroyour project. Itowill not
happen overnight as it takesotime to learn
all these different tools. Justotake time, go
through it and learnoexactlyowhatothey
do.
On the toolbar, we also have the option to
choose all kindsoof color. There are two
boxes; the Set foreground color and Set
background color. You can choose the color
that you want to paint withoby double
clicking on the box and then you make use
of the ColoroPicker to select the colorothat
you want.

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5. Options Bar
At the top, we also have a section that
displays more options basedoon the tool
that is selected. Thisobasically gives you
more options that you can use based on the
tool that you have selected.
For the Brush Tool (B), we have its option
bar as;

And the Horizontal Type Tool (T) as;

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 This will allow you to edit and manipulate
your object the more.
With the Horizontal Type Tool Option Bar,
you can change the font and the size of
your text. You can make it Bold, Italicized,
Underlined and more.

6. Panels
By default we have the panels on the right
corner. We have the History, Action, Layer
and others.

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 You can also add more panels by clicking on
the Window Tab and selecting the Panels
that you want.
Let us say you have selected the Paragraph
Panel, you would have a new Paragraph
Panel which you can drag and add to the
right hand side of the Interface for easy
access.
Each one of these panels has different
options based on the particular panel that
you are working on.
We also have the Layer Panel which is one
of the most importantopanels because it
will be used often whileoworking on a
project. The Layer Panel is an integralopart
of the Adobe Photoshop.

That is the basic overview of Adobe Photoshop.

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 LAYERS

The Overview
This is the Layer section. Here, you will get to
learn more about Layers and its types.
To start with, Layers are one of the most
important tools in Adobe Photoshop. Layers will
allow you to combine different graphics, texts and
images. It alsooprovides a methodoby allowing
you to creatively adjust your artwork, thereby
allowing you the flexibility to achieve your
creativeovision.
Layers are alsooindependent of each other. For
instance, I can create a new layer,oapply paint and
it is not going to affect the other layers. If I turn
the layer off you will seeothat the paint is gone
and was not applied to the other layers.
Now let us discuss about the Functions and Tools
on the Layer Panel.
On your layer panel, you will noticeothat there are
different functions andotools available for use.

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Firstly, you canoadjust the size of your
thumbnails. To do this, youoclick on this little icon
as shown below;

Once you click on it, select Panel Options. Under

Panel Options, you can nowochoose the size that
you want and then clickoOK. This willoadjust the
size of your layers; you get to adjust depending on
how big you want your layers.

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Also on the little icon, there are some other tools
and features as well that canobe used inoworking
on your layers.
There is another menu in the Layer Panel, if you
right click onoa layer, you willosee another drop
down menu with additional tools and options.
Let us take a look at another option in the Layer
Panel
Filtering will allow you to search through your
Layers based on the kind of layer or the name.
You can either select them from the drop down
menu or click on the icons for Filter for pixel layer,
Filter for adjustment layers, Filter for text layers,
Filter for shape layers and Filter for smart objects.

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Let us say you have many layers and you need to
find a specific layer to workoon, you can just go
the filter box and selectoName, type in the name
of the layer that you are looking for, then it will
show the particularolayer.
You can also turn on/off the filter option as well
with this option;

Please note that it is good toonameoyour layers

according to what each layer is all about as you
work on a project.
To do this, just go to the Layer group, double click
on the Layer that you want to rename, enter the
text and press Enter on your keyboard. This will
rename the layer for you.

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We also have the option to lock layers. There are
four different ways to lock. The last, ‘lock all’ will
apply all the locks. It is useful mostly when you are
working on a specific document and you want to
make sure that you do not move any object by
mistake.

If you lock all and click on a layer, try to move the

object, you willonotice that theoobject will not
move because the layer is locked. The moment
you release the lock buttonoyou will be able to
move the object. This makes it easier toowork on
a document withoutoaccidentally moving the
object in a layer.

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Next to each of your layers is a little icon that
looks like an eye. Whenever the icon is clicked, it
will show or hide the layer.

Also at the bottom, we have additional options for

customizing our layers. We have; Link layers, Add
a layer style, Add layer mask, Create new fill or
adjustment layer, create a new group, create new
layer, and Delete layer.

As we proceed, all of theseofunctions will be

utilized for you to have a betterounderstanding of
how layersowork in Adobe Photoshop.

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The Types of Layer
1. Background Layer
Every new document starts with a
background layer in Adobe Photoshop. By
default, the Background layer is white and
locked.

Being locked means that you will not be

able to move the object in it. Let us do this,
grab the Move Tool from your toolbar or
press V on your keyboard, and then try to
move the white background. It is going to
move, you will see an error message of how
you could not use the move tool because
the layer is locked.

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 But we can manually unlock the layer. All
you have to do to unlock the Background
layer is click on the lock/unlock icon on it.

Unlocking the layer will convert it into a

normal layer. The normal layer is now a fill
of white color. If you move the white layer,
it will move and leave you with a
checkerboard.
A checkerboard is transparent, which means
there is nothing in theolayer.
The way layers work isothat they add on
top of each other.oAnything at the top is
the first visibleothing. You can undo the
move by using Ctrl or Command + Z on your
keyboard.

2. Shape layer
A shape layer is formed whenever a shape
is drawn. We can use some of the basic
tools to create a shape layer.

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Now grab the rectangle tool, it is along the
bottom of the toolbar. You can get more
shapes by clicking on the bottom right
arrow of the Rectangle tool.

At the Option bar, you will be able to adjust

your shape like the Fill (Inner color), Stroke
(Outer color), Size and others. I have chosen
no color for Stroke and red for Fill.

Now click and drag onothe canvas to draw a

rectangle. You can hold theoShift key to
draw a perfect square, andothenorelease
your mouse to form your shape.
Now look at the layers panel, you have the
shape layer. That is another type of layer.
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 It is importantoto know that any layer on
top is the firstovisible. We can also
manipulate it to show the layer underneath
which is not on top but foronow, letous go
ahead andocreate another layer.

3. Type Layer
The Type Layer is formed the moment you
grab the Type Tool and start typing.
You can now click onothe Move Tool in
order toodeselect theoShape Layer that we
created earlier. Click on the Horizontal Type
Tool on the Toolbaroor press T on your
keyboard andothen clickoon the canvas to
add some text.

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You can alsoochange the text font, size and
color to a different one at the Option bar.
Now type ‘GOD FIRST’ or anyoother thing
and then click on the Move Tool again. The
shortcut for the Move Tool is V but if you
areoinothe Type Layer, you have to be
carefulobecause pressing V willoactually
type the Letter V. So, to getooutside the
text, press the Esc key and thenoyou can
press V on your keyboard.

Now look at the Layers panel and you will

see the Type Layer with a T symbol. GOD
FIRST is on top of the Shape Layer which is
on top of the Background Layer.

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The first visible is the Type Layer. Grab the
Move Tool and moveothe text along the
shape, you will notice that theotext is
shown first. Behind is theorectangle and
behind the rectangle is the white
background.
You can rearrange these layersoif you want.
Drag the Type Layeroto the Shape Layer
position.

This will make the rectangle first visible

then the text and then the background.

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There are ways you can manipulate your
graphics. Notice where weohave a Normal
Blend Mode onotheolayers panel, click on it
for a drop down menu andoselect a
different mode like multiply. Please note
that they all do different things.

The multiply willomanipulate the colors but

in reality we still have the redorectangle on
top of GOD FIRST. Again, what weohave is
not GOD FIRST on top of the red but we are
just seeing through theored and we
tweaked it with the multiply blend mode.

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There are more modes that you can explore
to know how they work.
Another option to use is the Opacity. It is
like your visibility level. It is presently on
100% visibility. If you change it to 50%, it
will see through by 50%. You can also set it
to 20% and see how it looks like.

You can hide layers with theoeyeball icon

beside the Layers. If you areoworking on a
project and wouldolike to edit one of the
graphics, you can just hide the other layers
and edit the Layer withothe graphic to be
edited. Once you areodone, you can click on
the eyeball icon again to showothe other
layers and thenocontinue with your project.

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4. Paint Layer
The Paint Layer is formed whenever the
Brush Tool is selected for painting.
You may want to paint on those layers you
earlier created. All you need to do is add a
new layer. Adding a new layer will prevent
your original image from being affected due
to painting errors.
To do this, you click on the new layer icon
below the layers panel.

Now you will see a new layer added on top

of the other layers. You will also notice the
checkerboard pattern, which means the
layer is transparent. There is nothing
present on it.
Now select the Brush Tool (B), you will also
notice that you can adjust youropaint brush
at the Option bar. You canochange the size
and style. You can makeouse of the Set
foreground color for color change.

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With the Brush Tool and a color selected,
you can now draw your paint on the new
layer.

Now if you hide other layers below it, you

will have just the paint.

You can now see that the Paint Layer is on

top of the other layers. You can rearrange it
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 the way you want. That is how layers work,
new layers build on top of the other layers.

5. Adjustment Layer
The Adjustment layer allows you to adjust
color, brightness/contrast, levels curves and
others. This kind of layer is formed when
you adjust howobright your image looks.
To do this, you have to locate the
adjustment panel. Theoadjustment panel is
on the panel list. You canoalso add the
adjustment panel to youropanel list if
absent by clicking onothe Window tab and
selecting Adjustment.

The momentoyou click on one of the

Adjustment options, theoAdjustment Layer
will be created and you can modify
accordingly.

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Page | 31
 THE TYPE TOOL

In this part, we will discuss about the Type Tool

which is also the Text Tool. This tool will enable
you to add texts to your project.
Let us create a new document through the File tab
or press Ctrl or Command + N on your keyboard.
Give your document a name, set the size as you
want or use the size as shown below.

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To accessothe Type Tool, go toothe Toolbar and
select the Type Tool or you canopress T on your
keyboard. Once selected, youromouse will change
to a cursor-likeoicon.

At the Option bar, you can select the type of font,

style of font, font size, alignment, color and others
that you need for your text.

You can customize your text even further by using

the Toggle the Character and Paragraph panels on
the option bar.

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The Toggle the Characteroand Paragraph panels
will allow you tooadjust yourocharacters and make
other options for texts inoparagraphs. When you
click on it, you will get two panels which are
Character and Paragraph.

In the Character panel, you can see that we have

some of the toolsoandooptions already available
in the Option bar. Although, there are still more
options that will allow us to customize our text
evenomore.
It is the same with the Paragraph panel. We have
options to indentoouroparagraph and style it the
more. These options will all help youoto
customize your text based on the nature ofoyour

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project. You can also access these panels from the
Window tab.
Now let us go ahead and add some text. Grab
your Type Tool, click on your document and start
adding text. I just added this below;

If you needed to readjustoyour text size, you can

do that by double clicking on the text to select all
the text. Once you have itoall selected, you can
simply change your font size at the Option bar.
You can also type your fontosize in number.
Now let us get out of the text box. To do this,
press the Escobuttonoon your keyboard or go to
the Layers Panel and click onoany layer.
You can now moveothe text in your document by
grabbing the Move tool or byopressing V on your
keyboard. Place your mouse on the text, click and
hold to drag. Thereafter, youocan release the
mouse if you areook with its position.

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Now grab the Type Tool (T) again and highlight the
text. In order to highlight the text, youofirst need
to activate theotext box byoclicking inside of the
box. Then, you can use Ctrl or Command + A to
highlight the text or justodouble click in the text.
We want to look at the Character and Paragraph
panels. Let us use theseopanels to make
adjustments to that text. With the Character
panel, you can manipulate your texts;
 You can change the font style, size and
color.
 You can make bold, italicized and underline.
 You can set vertical scale and baseline shift.
 We also have theooption to adjust the
spacing between theotexts which is known
asotracking.

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Please explore around with those options to know
exactly how they work.
Now let us look at the Paragraph panel. With the
Type Tool selected, instead ofoclicking and
releasing the mouse, weoleft click and hold the
mouse, then drag out to add aoparagraph to our
document. A box with dashedolines would be
drawn out.

Now that you have the paragraphobox, you can

type orocopy and paste your already available text
in the paragraph box. The textolook is based on
the last option (the font style, size and color)
selected.
To change the look, you need to select all (Ctrl or
Command + A) and then you can adjust the font

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to exactly what youoneedofor the particular
paragraph. You can change the font style, size and
color, I chose Arial, 10pt and black respectively.
After entering the text, youowill notice a little icon
at the bottom right. That givesous more
information about the paragraph. Ifoyou look
closely, you can see that it isodifferentofrom the
other boxes. It has a little “+” sign inside of it.

That tells us there is moreoinformationoin the

textbox. Now if you click on the bottomocenter
box and drag down, you will have additional texts
that are now visible unlike before. Ifoyou still have
the icon there, there are still moreotext, expand it
the more by using allothe little boxes. You can also

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reduce your font size to makeoeverything visible
and you will notice that theolittle sign is gone.
You can also choose a lineoof textoand style it
differently from all the other text.

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The Type Tool includes the Horizontal Type Tool
Vertical Type Tool, Horizontal Type Mask Tool and
Vertical Type Mask Tool.

The Horizontal Type Tool will allow you to

type horizontally i.e. type from left to right.

The Vertical Type tool will allow you to type

vertically. You will haveoto typeofrom the
top to the bottom.

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 The Horizontal and Vertical Type Mask
Tool will allow you to draw aoshape and
mask it around theoshape. It will allow you
to type around a particular shape.

Those are the basics of how to use the Type Tool

and manipulate text. Please try to do more with
the Type Tool, add some text, create some
paragraphs, color it and resize it. It will help you to
learn how to use this particular tool effectively.

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 SELECTION TOOLS

The Selection Tools are veryomuchouseful part of

Adobe Photoshop. They areoimportant toolsosets
that you need to learn in orderoto bring your
imagination out in Photoshopomost especially
when it comes tooworking on photos.
In Photoshop, there are nineodifferentoselection
tools. They all work separatelyobut do something
very basic in common which isoallowing you to
select or pick out an area of a photo. Below are
the tools;

1. Marquee Tools
At the top, we have theofirst set of the
Selection Tools. In this set, weohave four
selection tools. These are knownoas the
Marquee Tools, they willoallow you to
create Rectangle, Elliptical, Single Row or
Single Column selection. Youocan access
these Marquee Tools fromoyour Toolbar or
press M on your keyboard.

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Now open a document i.e. any photo you
will like to work on. Click onoany of the
Marquee Tools, I am using theoElliptical
Marquee Tool. Now click and dragoaround
the area to select out. You can now make
use of the Move Tool to bringoout the
selected area.

You can now deselect from the Select tab or

use Ctrl or Command + D

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2. Lasso Tools
Just below theoMarquee Tools, we have the
Lasso Selection Tools. You can access
different tools within the Lasso Tool as well.
We have the Lasso Tool, Polygonal Lasso
Tool and Magnetic Lasso Tool.

The Lasso Tool allowsoyou to draw out your

selection by moving your mouseoaround
the image to be selected. This will allow you
to quickly trace out theosubject that you are
trying to select.
The next is the Polygonal Lasso Tool. With
this tool, you will beoable to click and drag
out lines that will allowoyou to create a
polygonal shape if you wantoor the type of
shape that you want foroyour selection.
The third Lasso Tool is the Magnetic Lasso
Tool. The Magnetic Lasso Tool makesoyour
selection easier. With your document
opened, use theozoom tool tooenlarge your

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image ifoneeded, and then click on the
Magnetic Lasso Tool.
Now click on the outside ofothe area that
you want selected and thenostart to trace.
While tracing out the outline of the image,
you will notice that the selection is
snapping to the image andoadding points as
you go along the image. To completeoour
selection with this tool, we now have to go
all the way around the imageoand back to
the original point, thenoclick to select it.

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 So it is magnetic inonature, it snapsothe
area that we want to select andodoes that
because the contrast betweenothe guy and
the background is different. The
background is brighter and the guy (the
outline) is darker. This tooloknows that
there is a contrastolevel difference between
the two sides.
That is another selection toolothat you are
going to probably be using as youowork on
your projects but it may not beothe best
tool for the job. So you have toolearn about
all the different selection tools, practice
with them and then you will surely have a
betteroidea of which tool will beobest for
that projectoof yours.

3. Quick Selection Tools

The first tool here is the Quick Selection
Tool and the other oneois the Magic Wand
Tool. They will both allow youoto make your
selection a lot quickerocompared to the
aboveooptions.

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All you have to do isograb your Quick
Selection Tool or press W on your
keyboard, then click andodrag your
mouseoaround the area that you want
tooselect and then it starts adding to
youroselection.
So you can select this guy againoquicker
with the Quick Selection Tool. That is a lot
quicker thanousing the Magnetic Lasso Tool
by going all overoeverything.

You can adjust the size of your quick

selection tool. You can also add or subtract
from your selection in order to make it fit
well. To do these, make use of the Option
bar.

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 Now, if you take a look at the Magic Wand
Tool. It is even quicker and with justoone
click, you can have a largeoselection.
Sometimes you need to adjust your
toleranceolevel which can be found at the
Option bar for accurateoselection. I only
have it set at 32; this may select less of the
subject unless I increase theotolerance. If I
change that to 100, deselect and click again,
it should select theoentire subject. If it does
not, go ahead andoreadjust.
So, that will look at the differentocontrast
levels based on theoarea that I clickofrom to
make a largeroselection.

Please know that it takes time and practice to

learn how to use the selection tools and know
which one is best for your project.

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 RETOUCHING TOOLS

Let us go over theoRetouching Tools. They are

mostly used in improvingoandoperfecting images.
There are two types oforetouching tools. We have
the Stamp Tool and Healing Brush Tool; they both
have additionalotools within them.

1. Stamp Tools
The Clone Stamp Tool isolocated on the
toolbar and can also beoaccessed by
pressing S on your keyboard. Within the
Clone Stamp Tool, weohave another tool
called the Pattern Stamp Tool.

Let us check out how it works. Go ahead

and grab the Clone Stamp Tool, the Clone
Stamp Tool basically doesowhat itsoname
implies. It clones anoarea of your image to
replace another part ofoyour image.

Page | 49
You may want to remove something from
your image or reposition an object on your
image. Here I want to remove the boy and
replace him with the background.

We have to tell Adobe Photoshop where we

want to clone from before we can clone. If I
try and do that by just clicking on the boy, I
am going to get this;

To clone, we have to tell Adobe Photoshop

where we want tooclone from. We have to
Page | 50
find an areaothat is similaroto the area that
we want to getorid of.
Now all you have to do is press and hold Alt
or Option, this will changeoyour brush to a
little plus iconoand then click on the area
that you want toocopy from. That will tell
Photoshop that you areocloning from the
clickedoarea.
Now that you have clicked from the area
and released the Alt or Option key, if I take
my mouse over the boy, I will see that the
content within the brush is now from the
area defined. Now I can paint over the boy
to remove him.
Click and start painting on the object and
they will start to disappear and reappear as
the area earlier defined. I now have this;

Page | 51
 Now the boy is gone, I have the boy
replaced with the sky.

2. Spot Healing Brush Tool

The next is the Spot Healing Brush Tool and
then it has Healing Brush Tool, Patch Tool,
Content-Aware Move Tool and Red Eye
Tool.

The Spot Healing Brush Tool is used for

removing blemishesoinophotos. Below is an
image of a teenager with a rough face and
some pimples.

Page | 52
Now select the Spot Healing Brush Tool,
then click on a blemish and it will disappear.
You can paint over an areaoand that
blemish disappears. You can adjust the size
of yourotool at the Option bar.

So removing blemishes is asosimple as

clicking and dragging or painting over an
area and those blemishes willomagically
disappear. Sometimes it may not work
because it is not going to work 100% of the
time.

Page | 53
With the Healing Brush Tool, Photoshop is
going to automaticallyoselect another area
from our image to cover that blemish. If you
do not get the result that youowant with
the Spot Healing Brush Tool, go to your
toolbar and select theoHealing Brush Tool.
You can now define an area to clone or heal
from just like theostamp tool. So you press
and hold your Alt or Option key, click on the
area that you want tootarget and then click
on where you want to replace. Photoshop
will fix that blemishobased on the
information that you targeted.
The Patch Tool works very similar to the
clone tool except that youodo not have to
paint. You just select the subject that you
want to remove and it isogoing tooeasily
remove the subject for you without
painting.
Now select the Patch Tool, draw a line
around the subject that youowant to
replace to make a selection. Once you
return to the point that youostarted
drawing the line, you get your selection.

Page | 54
Now take a look at the icon, place it inside
of your selection, you will seeothat there is
an arrow added to it. So with this tool, you
are going to moveothe subject to the area
that you want to cloneofrom and it will
magicallyobe replaced.

Now click from the inside of the selection

and move to the area that you want to
clone from. You can use Ctrl or Command +
D to deselect the selection once you are
done.

Page | 55
The Content-Aware Move Tool works very
similar to the patch tool but instead of
selecting theosubject, you are going to
select the area that you want tooclone from
and then click and move the area that you
want to clone over theosubject that you
want to remove. Afterwards, you can
deselect.

Page | 56
 If you are not getting theoresult youowant,
please explore the adjustments at the
Option bar.
The Red Eye Tool will removeored eyes
which are caused by yourocamera flash. You
can easily remove thatowith the Red Eye
Tool.
All you have to do is open theophoto and
zoom in on the red eyes, select the Red Eye
Tool and then click on the red eyes. This
simple step will turn the RedoEye to normal.

So just like the Selection Tools, we need to

practice the Retouching Tools as well to know
how they work. Go ahead and open images,
practice with them, remove objects and retouch
blemishes.

Page | 57
 OTHER TOOLS

1. The Crop Tool

The crop tool will allow you toocrop and
bring out a part of youroimage. Within the
Crop Tool, we have the Perspective Crop
Tool, Slice Tool and Slice Select Tool which
are all used in cropping images.

Now grab the Crop Tool from the Toolbar or

press C on your keyboard, youowill be
presented with a squareobox which you can
adjust and use to cropocertain area of your
image.

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 When you are done cropping the area, just
press Enter onoyour keyboard. If you are
not pleased with youronew image, you can
use Ctrl or Command + Z to undo the
cropping that you just made onoyour image
and you will beoreturned to the original
image for you tooredo it.

2. The Eyedropper Tool

This is also a greatotool especially for
Photographers. The shortcut is letter I. We
also have the Color Sampler Tool, Ruler Tool
and Note Tool within.

The Eyedropper Tool will allow you to select

a part of anoimage in order to getothe exact
color. The moment you click on a particular
area, your Set foreground color will be set
to the color of theoarea selected.
Let us say you want toomatch aotext with a
color on your image, all you have to do is
Page | 59
grab the Eyedropper Tool and click the area.
Once the Set foreground color changes, just
grab the Type Tool and start typing.

The Color Sampler Tool will show you the

color code of the selected color.

The Ruler Tool will allow you toomeasure

distances between specific areas. Grab your
tool, click and draw aoline between the two
points that you want to measure. Under
Properties/Info panels, you willosee the
distance.

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 The Note Tool will allow you to addonotes.
The notes can be used asoreference.

3. The Brush Tool

This will allow you to do certainostrokesoon
your image. The Brush Tool has the Pencil
Tool, Color Replacement Tool and Mixer
Brush Tool within it.

Grab the Brush Tool or press B on your

keyboard, you can adjust the size ofoyour
brush tool at the Option bar or make use of
the bracket keys on yourokeyboard to
either increase or decrease. You can change
the Picker, Mode, Opacity and others.

Now you can paint with your Brush Tool

Page | 61
 The Pencil Tool will allow you to draw on
your canvas. All you need to do is grab your
pencil tool and start drawing.

4. The Eraser Tool

This tool will allow you to eraseoanoarea on
your image. It has the Background Eraser
Tool and Magic Eraser Tool within.

Grab the Eraser Tool or press E on your

keyboard and then erase. It willoerase up to
the background layer. If you doonot want
the eraser tool to erase up to the
background layer, you canoalways create a
new layer for newoadditionsoand just erase
within the new layer and itowill not touch
the background layer.

5. The Gradient Tool

This will allow you to apply a gradient to
your background layer. The shortcut is G.

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 A gradient lets you go fromoone color to
another in aowell-organized way. When you
select your gradient tool, dragofrom left to
right and you willohave your gradient.

You can make use of the Option bar to

change the type ofoGradient, Mode,
Opacity and others. You canoalso apply
gradient to texts and images. The Gradient
Tool is an amazing wayotoomake your
project stand out.

6. The Blur Tool

The Blur Tool, when used will help you in
blurring certainoareas in youroimages. It
contains the Sharpen and Smudge Tool.

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 The Sharpen Tool does the exactoopposite
of the blur Tool. It will sharpen theosoft
edges in an image.
The Smudge Tool smudgesoaoparticular
area of your image. It takes certain parts of
an image and makes it upowith another. It
also adds certainoeffects to your image.

7. The Dodge Tool

The Dodge Tool will lightenoupoareas in
your image. It has the Burn and Sponge Tool
in it.

The Burn Tool will do the opposite of the

Dodge Tool. It will darken areas of your
image.

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 The Sponge Tool changes the color
saturation of an area.

8. The Pen Tool

The Pen Tool allows you toodrawonice,
smooth and roundedoshapes in order to
form images.

Now grab your Pen Tool, click in an area of

your canvas and clickoanotheroarea again.
You can now add curves tooyour shape as
you want. You can actually draw images
with the pen tool in bothoPhotoshop and
Illustrator. If you keep clicking and dragging,
you will eventuallyohave a nice closed out
image.

Page | 65
 The Add Anchor Point Tool will allow you to
add anchor points which youocan edit by
making useoof the handle tooadjust the
curves.
The Delete Anchor Point Tool will remove
anchoropoints thatoyou have added.

9. The Path/Direct Selection Tool

These two tools will allow you to select
what you have already done on your canvas
and move themoaround.

10.The Zoom Tool

This allows you to magnifyoyour object for
proper viewing. You can zoom in and zoom
out. The Option bar will allow you to switch
between those two. The shortcut is Z.

Page | 66
 REMOVING THE BACKGROUND OF A
PHOTO

Here, you will get to learn theotechnique of

removing the background of a photo. You can
remove the background of a photo and add
another background in Adobe Photoshop.
Now open the photo that you want to remove its
background. I have here with me a picture of two
lovely kids and will love to change its background.

Page | 67
Firstly, the two lovely kids will be selected. If you
look closely, the female kid is carrying a bag which
will also be selected. Now I will go ahead and grab
the subjects (the kids) of my photo with the Quick
Selection Tool.
For a perfect selection, you can make use of the
options available at the Option bar if required. If
your selection tool is too big or small, adjust the
size accordingly.
To start selecting, my selection tool must be on
the add mode i.e. there must be a plus sign within
the tool. If not, you can make changes at the
Option bar. You can add to your selection, remove
from your selection and adjust the size of your
selection tool.

Page | 68
When you get to an area like the photo below,
you remove from your selection by using the
Subtract from selection tool at the Option bar.

Also, when you get to small areas like the photo

below, reduce your selection tool size for easy
selection.

Now start selecting and make use of the Subtract

from selection tool or press and hold Alt or Option
on your keyboard while you drag to fix something
like the image below. Also, make use of the Zoom
tool for a better view of your selection.

Page | 69
Now I have my selection;

While on the Quick Selection Tool, select Refine

Edge at the Option bar.

Page | 70
Right now you should have the background
removed with a white or black background.

There will also be a window pop-up, on the pop-

up, select black or white at the view mode. Then
adjust to make your selection smooth.
You can tick Smart Radius and maximize the
radius. You can adjust the Smooth, Feather,
Contrast and Shift Edge as you want to get a
perfect look.

Page | 71
Under Output, click on New Layer with Layer Mask
and click OK. Your new image will be left with no
background.

Page | 72
If you notice any discrepancy, grab the brush tool
and set the foreground color to white. Use the
brush tool to adjust as needed.
Now you can add a new background. With your
already opened new background, drag your
selection on top of the new background, then
adjust and manipulate to make it look real.
Please know that the Quick Selection Tool may
not be the perfect tool. Explore and make use of
the other selection tools.

Page | 73
 DESIGNING A LOGO

In this part, we will take a look at designing a Logo

using Adobe Photoshop.
Firstly, open a new document. Give your
document a name. Put 750 as Width, 500 as
Height and resolution as 72. Press OK. We now
have a new window.
Now let us design a logo for an organization
named “Green Bank”. Normally, if you are
designing a Logo, the first thing you have to do is
imagineoideas that will beorelevant to the name
of the organization. I alreadyofiguredothat out.
Now grab the Type Tool, make the Set foreground
color green and Set background white. Type “G”.

You can now change the font and size of your text
as you want. I am going to make the “G” bigger.

Page | 74
Grab the Ellipse tool, press and hold the Shift key
to draw out a perfect circle.

Now let us make the color of G white and place it

inside the circle. G is presently invisible because
the Circle layer is on top. You can go ahead and
drag the G layer on top.

Now draw another circle and fill the circle with a

dark green color. Press and hold Alt or Option on

Page | 75
your keyboard and then drag a new circle out to
form the image below.

Press and hold the Shift key and then select the
two ellipse layers that you just created.

Now grab the Move Tool and move the new shape
on the first circle with “G”;

Page | 76
At the layers panel, drag the text layer to the top
and make ellipse 1 the second to make “G” visible
as shown below;

Now readjust by selecting the corresponding layer

one at a time and then move the shape with the
Move Tool in order to get a perfect shape.

Page | 77
Grab the Type Tool and type “Bank” in light green
color and drag it to the shape. Highlight just “B”
with the Type Tool and change its color to white.
You should have this;

Type another “B” with a light green color, move it

on top of the “B” in Bank and then place the new
“B” layer directly below “Bank” layer. We have;

Page | 78
Now let us manipulate letter G a little. Select the
“G” layer and then press Ctrl or Command + T to
resize and rotate “G”. Here we have our logo.

This looks pretty good for now. If you hide the

background layer, you will have a feel of how it
will look when used.

Now that we are done, we can save our logo in

various formats. Go to the File tab and select save
or use Ctrl or Command + S. Enter the name that
you want to save with in the File name box, click
on Format to choose a format and then click Save.

Page | 79
Page | 80
Thank you for reading this book, I hoped it was
effective and useful to you.
Below are some other books you may have
interest in;

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Page | 82