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RESUMEN
Wp" eqttgevq" fkcip„uvkeq" rgtkqfqpvcn" gu" pgeguctkq" rctc" nc" tgcnk|cek„p" fg" wpc" vgtcrkc" rgtkqfqpvcn" gzkvquc" gp" pwguvtq" rcekgpvg0" Gpvgpfkgpfq" swg" nc"
gphgtogfcf"rgtkqfqpvcn"gu"wp"rtqeguq"kphgeekquq/kpÞcocvqtkq."fkhgtgpvgu"xctkcdngu"ug"fgdgp"cpcnk|ct"en pkecogpvg"rctc"fgvgtokpct"gn"fkcip„uvkeq0"Gn"
fkcip„uvkeq"gpvqpegu"gu"wp"cp nkuku"eqpekgp|wfq"fg"nc"gzrtguk„p"en pkec"fg"nc"gphgtogfcf."fgufg"ikpikxkvku"jcuvc"rgtkqfqpvkvku0"Guvg"ctv ewnq"cpcnk|c"
los determinantes más importantes del diagnóstico periodontal utilizados en la práctica clínica diaria.
Rev. Clin. Periodoncia Implantol. Rehabil. Oral Vol. 3(2); 94-99, 2010.
Palabras clave: Profundidad al sondaje, nivel de inserción clínica, pérdida ósea, sangrado al sondaje, periodontitis crónica, periodontitis
agresiva.
ABSTRACT
Vjg"eqttgev"fkcipquku"qh"rgtkqfqpvcn"fkugcug"ku"c"rtg/tgswkukvg"hqt"cp"crrtqrtkcvg"rgtkqfqpvcn"vtgcvogpv0"Rgtkqfqpvcn"fkugcug"ku"cp"kphgevkqwu/kpÞcooc-
tory process that affects different clinical variables that must be analyzed before reaching the diagnosis. The diagnosis should be a carefully performed
analysis of the clinical expression of the disease, from gingivitis to periodontitis. This article reviews the most important determinants of periodontal
diagnosis.
Rev. Clin. Periodoncia Implantol. Rehabil. Oral Vol. 3(2); 94-99, 2010.
Key words: Probing depth, clinical attachment level, bone loss, bleeding on probing, chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis.
94
Determinantes del Díagnóstico Periodontal
Figura 1. Guswgoc"tgrtgugpvcvkxq"fg"nc"rqukek„p"fgn"octigp"ikpikxcn"gp"tgncek„p"c"nc"
n pgc"cognqegogpvctkc"*EGL+0 Figura 4. Curgevq" en pkeq" {" tcfkqit Ýeq" fg" nc" rgtkqfqpvkvku0" P„vgug" nc" rfitfkfc" „ugc"
tcfkqit Ýec"gp"|qpc"fkuvcn"fg"48"{"580
95
Rev. Clin. Periodoncia Implantol. Rehabil. Oral Vol. 3(2); 94-99, 2010. Dqvgtq"LG"{"Dgfq{c"G
" Gu"pgeguctkq"fkhgtgpekct"gpvtg"GS"{"GK0"Nc"GS"gu"nc"fkuvcpekc"
swg"jc{"fgufg"fgn"octigp"jcuvc"nc"NOI."okgpvtcu"swg"nc"GK"gu"nc"fkuvcpekc"
swg" jc{" gpvtg" gn" hqpfq" fgn" uwteq" jcuvc" nc" NOI0" Nc" rtkogtc" rwgfg" ugt"
chgevcfc"rqt"nc"tgeguk„p"fg"vglkfq"octikpcn"okgpvtcu"swg"nc"ugiwpfc"gu"
rtkpekrcnogpvg" chgevcfc" rqt" nc" rfitfkfc" fg" kpugtek„p" *Hkiwtc" 8+0"[c" swg"
esta medida varía de acuerdo al tipo y posición del diente, es importante
cpcnk|ctnc"ewkfcfqucogpvg"gp"ecfc"ecuq0"Gp"gn"glgornq"C"*Hkiwtc"8"C+."
se observa una PS mínima y no ha ocurrido recesión de tejido marginal,
por lo tanto la encía insertada será igual a la medida de LMG menos la
RU0"Gp"gn"glgornq"D"gu"ukoknct"*Hkiwtc"8"D+."uqnq"swg"jc"qewttkfq"tgeguk„p"
fg" vglkfq" octikpcn" {" {c" ug" jc" tgfwekfq" ukipkÝecvkxcogpvg" vcpvq" nc" GS"
eqoq"nc"GK0"Gp"eqpvtcuvg."gp"gn"glgornq"E"*Hkiwtc"8"E+."nc"gpe c"crctgpvc"
wpc"cnvwtc"pqtocn"rgtq"eqp"wpc"RU"kpetgogpvcfc"{"rfitfkfc"fg"kpugtek„p"
severa. Por lo tanto en este último caso la encía insertada se ha perdido
fcpfq"eqoq"qtkigp"nc"hqtocek„p"fg"wpc"dqnuc"rgtkqfqpvcn."okgpvtcu"swg"
nc"GS"rgtocpgeg"kpcnvgtcfc0"
Figura 7. Gusuema repreuentativo de la relaci„n entre el nivel de inuerci„n cl nica *PKE+
{ el uoporte periodontal.
" Gp" gn" odkvq" en pkeq" wvknk|coqu" gn" PKE" rctc" tghgtktpqu" c"
nc" ocipkvwf" fg" nc" rfitfkfc" fg" uqrqtvg." rgtq" fgdgt c" ugt" cpcnk|cfq"
ewkfcfqucogpvg"gp"ecfc"fkgpvg."{c"swg"gu"fgrgpfkgpvg"fg"nc"nqpikvwf"
radicular. Por lo tanto, no será lo mismo un NIC de 5 mm en un canino
uwrgtkqt" swg" gp" wp" egpvtcn" kphgtkqt0" Wp" cp nkuku" fgvcnncfq" {" ewkfcfquq"
diente por diente nos va a mostrar de forma individual el estado
aproximado de soporte periodontal.
" Gu" pgeguctkq" rqpgt" gurgekcn" cvgpek„p" c" nc" oqxknkfcf" fgpvcn"
Línea Mucogingival (LMG) rcvqn„ikec." swg" cwogpvc" rtqitgukxcogpvg" eqp" gn" vkgorq0" Fgurwfiu" fgn"
La distancia desde el margen gingival hasta la LMG resulta vtcvcokgpvq" rgtkqfqpvcn." nc" oqxknkfcf" ug" tgfweg" wp" rqeq." swgfcpfq"
¿vkn" rctc" ecnewnct" nc" ecpvkfcf" fg" gpe c" swgtcvkpk|cfc" *GS+" {" gpe c" oqxknkfcf"tgukfwcn"swg"rwgfg"ugt"eqpvtqncfc"rqt"ogfkq"fg"hfitwncu0
kpugtvcfc" *GK+0" Ug" jc" guvkocfq" swg" nc" ecpvkfcf" fg" gpe c" cwogpvc" eqp" Las medidas periodontales pueden ser registradas en el
la edad gracias al proceso de erupción pasiva(28,29). Pero esto solo sería periodontograma.
qdugtxcdng"gp"wp"rgtkqfqpvq"swg"pq"jc{c"uwhtkfq"wp"vtcwoc"ukipkÝecvkxq"
durante el cepillado y la masticación, e incluso enfermedad periodontal.
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Determinantes del Díagnóstico Periodontal
97
Rev. Clin. Periodoncia Implantol. Rehabil. Oral Vol. 3(2); 94-99, 2010. Dqvgtq"LG"{"Dgfq{c"G
1."Crctvg"fg"nc"fguvtweek„p"rgtkqfqpvcn."nqu"rcekgpvgu"uqp"ukuvfiokecogpvg"
sanos.
2."T rkfc"{"ugxgtc"rfitfkfc"„ugc"{"fg"kpugtek„p0
3. Agregación familiar.
Periodontitis Agresiva
La periodontitis agresiva se presenta generalmente en sujetos
ogpqtgu"fg"57"c‚qu"fg"gfcf."rgtq"ug"uwikgtg"swg"rwgfg"rtgugpvctug"gp"
ewcnswkgt"gfcf0"Nc"xgnqekfcf"fg"fguvtweek„p"rgtkqfqpvcn"gu"t rkfc"{"fcfq"
swg"eqokgp|c"vgortcpq"gp"nc"xkfc."nc"fguvtweek„p"ug"qdugtxc"gp"uwlgvqu"
jóvenes. Pero el análisis no debe basarse solamente en la edad sino en
jcnnc|iqu"en pkequ."tcfkqit Ýequ."jkuvqtkc"hcoknkct"{"rgtuqpcn."c{wfcu"fg"
laboratorio.
Las siguientes características primarias están presentes:
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Determinantes del Díagnóstico Periodontal
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