LESSON PLAN

ON

BREASTFEEDING
Name :

Subject : Obstretics & gynaecology nursing

Topic : Breast feeding

Duration : 20 minutes

Date : 03.04.2017

Venue : 3 GNM,

Number of participants : 30 members

Method of teaching : Lecture cum discussion

List of AV aids : Chart, PPT

GENERAL OBJECTIVE

At the end of the class, Mothers will gain knowledge regarding breast feeding, identify when to feeding, understand how to feed the
baby and identify the problems of breast feed, and apply this knowledge and skill while taking care of their child with a positive attitude.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

The students will be able to,

 explain about breast feeding
 notate the principles of breast feeding
 describe techniques of breast feeding
 explain advantages of breast feeding
 understand the contraindication of breast feeding
Time Behavioural Content Teaching Learning AV aids Evaluation
objectives activities activities

Introduction
2mts The mothers will narrates the Listens
be able to, Feeding is of great importance. It is a must to meet topic Participates
the nutritional as well as psychological needs of infant. in
Breast feeding is the feeding of an infant or young child with discussion
breast milk directly from female human breasts. Babies have
a sucking reflex that enables them to suck and swallow milk.
3 mts
Human milk is decidedly superior to other milks. It is
explain about describes Listens Discuss about
remarkably adopted to the requirements of infant and provide
breast feeding breast feeding
the best start in life.Empasizing the value of breast feeding
for both mothers and children WHO and American Academy
of Pediatrics both recommended exclusive breast feeding for
first six months of life and then supplemented breast feeding
for at least one year and upto two years or more.

Breast milk has just the right amount of fat, sugar,

water and protein that is needed for babys growth and
development. Because breastfeeding uses an average of 500
calories a day it helps the mother lose weight after giving
birth.
 PRINCIPLES OF BREAST FEEDING
10 listout the Explains Listens Chart What are the
 Breast feeding should be done in as clean and safe as
mts principles of Observes main principles?
manner as possible.
breast feeding
 The mother and baby should be comfortable and
relaxed at feeding time.
 Breast feeding should be initiated within the first half
hour after birth.
 Colostrum is most suitable food for the baby during
the first few days after birth because it contains a
high concentration of nutrients and anti-infective
substances
 The baby should be allowed to suckle from both the
breasts during each feeding.
 It is desirable to feed the baby on demand it helps
baby to gain weight.
 The intervals between feeds vary between 1-4 hours.
 Starting from the initial 5 mts of feeding, the time
can be gradually increased to 15 to 20 minutes in the
subsequent days
 Burping should be done after the feeding in order to
 kick out the swallowed air.
 The mother should be instructed to feed the child
even when the child is ill.
 The mother should give adequate attention to her
diet, personal hygiene and health and should have
sufficient rest.
describe TECHNIQUES OF BREAST FEEDING
techniques of
The techniques of breast feeding include the following:-
breast feeding Explains Discusses
 The mother and baby should be in comfortable Listens
position.
 Feeding in the sitting position the mother holds the
baby in an inclined upright position on her lap, the
babies head on her forearm on the same side close to
her breasts, the neck is slightly extended.
 Good attachment means the infant’s mouth is wide
open and chin touches the breast. The mother should
guide nipple and areola into baby’s mouth for
effective milk transfer.
 Proper positioning for milk transfer is chest to chest
contact of infant and mother. The infants ear,
 shoulder and hip should be in one line.
ADVANTAGES OF BREAST FEEDING

The advantages of breast feeding include:-

Enumerate the
advantages of 1. Breast milk is readily available, warm and free from Discusses Discusses Chart
breast feeding contamination . Explains Listens
2. The nutritional value of breast milk is far superior to
any other milk.
3. The incidence of respiratory and gastrointestinal
infection in breast fed infants is far less than that
reported in bottle fed infants.
4. Human milk has a high concentration of secretory
IgA antibodies, specific inhibitory substances for
viral infections and lactoferin that inhibits the growth
of enterobacteria.
5. Breast fed babies have less chance of allergy.
6. Breast feeding satisfies the emotional needs which is
essential for growth of neonates. Discusses Discusses
7. Breastfeeding helps in spacing children since chance Explains Listens
of conception in a lactating mother is less.Incidence
of breast cancer in such mothers is less.
 8. Breast feeding promotes rapid involution of uterus.
9. Breast milk is easy to digest and sterile.
10. Hormones released during breast feeding help to
strengthen the maternal bond. Breastfeeding releases
oxytocin and prolactin, hormones that relax the
mother and make her feel more nurturing toward her
baby.
CONTRAINDICATIONS OF BREAST FEEDING
5 mts
There is virtually no absolute contraindications.
understand the Understand the
Situations were breast feeding may be avoided are :-
contraindication explains contraindication
of brest feeding In Mother Discusses chart of breast
feeding
 Chronic disease such as active TB, leprosy, AIDS
etc.
 Mothers addicted to alcohol or heavy doses of some
drugs.
 Psychosis
 Local condition like breast abscess, cracked nipples.
In Infant

 Gross prematurity of baby or other conditions in

 which the newborn cannot suckle.
 Inborn errors such as phenylketonuria, lactose
intolerance.
DIFFICULTIES IN BREAST FEEDING AND
MANAGEMENT
5 mts
At times, breast feeding poses some problems
enlist the Discusses Listens
and if not detected, may lead to adverse consequences.
difficulties in Explains Chart
The causes may be classified as
breast feeding
and their 1.Due To Mother
management
a)Reluctance or dislike to breast feeding

 Careful listening to mother and counseling can solve

the problem.
b) Infants attachment to breast

 When poor it leads to quick shallow sucks instead of

slow and deep. Skilled support from health care
provider can improve the technique of breast feeding.
c) Anxiety and Stress

 It is due to previous history of failed lactation or other

 reasons .Reassurance and practical support is helpful.
d) Following operative delivery such as caesarean
section

 In these cases there will be delay in feeding. So mother

should be helped to feed the baby in a comfortable
position as early as possible.
e) Breast ailments such as engorgement of breast, cracked
nipple, depressed nipple and mastitis and it needs treatment.

2. Due To Infant

a) Low Birth Weight baby

 The baby is to small or feeble to suck. Then we can use

a pipette, dropper or spoon to feed or in severe cases
gavage feeding or parental nutrition is indicated.
b) Temporary illness such as respiratory tract infection, nasal
obstruction due to congestion. All these conditions lead to
imperfect suckling and is managed appropriately.

c) Over distention of stomach with swallowed air.

Enlist the
 The problem can be overcome by breaking the wind of problems of
 baby several times during feeding. weaning?
D)Congenital Malformations such as cleft palate needs
surgical correction..

NURSING DIAGNOSIS ACCORDING TO PRIORITY

1. Risk for hypothermia related to immature immune

system.
2. Risk for infection related to immature immune system

HEALTH TEACHING

I gave health education to the mothers regarding,

a. Optimal temperature
-Educated the mother regarding the need of maintaining
optimal environmental temperature by closing the windows
and doors
-Advised the mother to cover the baby with warm clothes or
blanket to prevent hypothermia
-Advised the mother to dry her hand before touching the
baby
b. Adequate nutrition and breast feeding
-Advised the mother to give spoon feeds 50-60 ml every 3
hourly
-Taught the mother regarding the breast feeding techniques,
and different positions.
c. Prevention of infection
-Advised the mother to maintain proper hygiene
-Advised mother to clean her hand and dry before touching
the baby.
-Taught the mother how to clean the vulval region
d. Immunization
-Educated the mother regarding the immunization schedule
-Advised the mother to immunize the child at correct time

Conclusion
Breast feeding exclusively for first six months, timely and
adequate supplementation, maintaining breast milk long
enough to ensure its replacement by a safe and nutritious diet
and discouraging a bottle are therefore extremely important
measures to ensure a healthy start in life.
Bibliography

1. Marlow R. Dorothy, Redding A. Barbara, “Text book of Pediatric Nursing”, 6th edition, Elsevier publications, Philadelphia
2. Gupta Piyush, “Essential Pediatric Nursing”, A. P Jain & Co.
3. Pillitteri Adele, “ Child health nursing, Care of the child and family”, Lippincott, Philadelphia, New York
4. Lippincott, “Text book of Paediatric Nursing”, Mosby Publishers
5. Mary Ann Hogan, Judy E White, “ Child health Nursing”, Prentice hall, New Jersey
6. Gupte Suraj, “ The short text book of Pediatrics”, 10th edition, Jaypee brothers medical publishers(P) LTD, New Delhi
7. Achar’s “text book of paediatrics”, 3rd edition(2000), orient longman limited
8. www.weaning.com
9. www.wiki.cf.com