REGINA MAE N.

NAZARENO
Subject Teacher CONTEMPORARY ARTS FROM THE REGIONS
SECOND SEMESTER, SY2019-2020
UNIT I: INTEGRATIVE ART AS APPLIED TO CONTEMPORARY ART  The Our Lady of Edsa shrine is a sterling proof if Filipino’s love of
peace and freedom as it reminds those who pass by EDSA of the
I. DEFINITION OF ART bloodless revolution in the Philippines.

 According to Webster, art is “human ingenuity in adapting a natural 6. CULTURAL FUNCTION

things to man’s use.”  Buildings, furniture (chairs, tables, etc.), clothes= part of the
 Art came from the word “ars” which means skill. It is synonymous with country’s material culture.
skill, cunning, artifice, and craft, which all mean the faculty of what is  Music, dance, and language, which is incorporated in oral and written
devised. literature and drama= part of its non-material culture.
 Coiffeurs (hairstylists)  Paintings, sculptures, architectural works, songs,dances,dramas, and
 Couturiers (clothes designers) literary pieces are embodiments of a nation’s culture.
 Chefs, wine connoisseurs (wine tasters)
 Perfume experts 7. RELIGIOUS FUNCTION
 Jewelers  People in the olden times worshipped their gods in the form of songs
 Body painters (tattooists) and dances.
 Milliners (hat makers) Examples:
 Potters  Greek paintings and sculptures of were those of Gods and Goddesses.
 Musicians  Pyramids- to entomb the pharaohs
 Terpsichoreans (dancers)  Mausoleum of Rome – served as a cemetery.
 Thespians (actors)  Churches and mosques – were constructed for religious worship.
 Litterateurs (men-of-letters)
 Painters 8. PHYSICAL FUNCTION
 Sculptors  Houses and other buildings are constructed to protect their occupants
 Architects and all the others inside them.
Examples:
II. FUNCTIONS OF ART  Paintings- serve to protect the walls and ceilings of buildings.
 Sculptures- serve as columns of some buildings as in Greek and
1. PERSONAL or INDIVIDUAL FUNCTION Roman architecture.
 Artists have their personal reasons for indulging in art.  Dance – one of the best forms of exercise
Examples:  Music - a form of therapy.
 Robert Browning expressed his love to Elizabeth Barrett-Browning in the  Dramatic forms – cathartic effect.
form of poem entitled “My Last Duchess” ; Elizabeth did the same by  Visual experience when viewing a beautiful work of art is an
means of the poem entitled “How Do I Love Thee?” exhilarating experience.
 Edwin Markham- Wrote the poem “The Man with the Hoe”
 The composer of the song “Vincent” was inspired by Vincent Van Gogh’s 9. AESTHETIC FUNCTION
painting, “The Starry Night”  Artworks serve to beautify.
 Garry Valenciano- renders concerts for free because he loves singing. Examples:
 Geleen Eugenio- Provides free dance instructions because she enjoys  Paintings- serve to decorate houses and other buildings.
dancing.  Sculptures- serve to decorate churches and similar edifices.
 Tall buildings, costumes, props, dramas, performances, and song are
2. SOCIAL FUNCTION appealing to audience.
 Man is a social being and as such he associates with his fellow
beings. III. ART STYLE AND FACTORS AFFECTING STYLE
Examples:  Every artist has his way of presenting his work. Such is called art
 Choral singing and group dancing in religious rites and other practices. style.
 Churches are built for communal worship.  Geographical Factors- The place where the artists stays influences
 Drama is performed by a group of performers called “the cast” his works.
 Oral and written literatures are handed from one generation to the next and Examples:
enjoyed by other people.  Marble sculptures in Romblon
 Museums house paintings and sculptures which are viewed by many  Wooden Sculptures in Paete, Laguna (paet means chisel) wood
onlookers. carving is the primary occupation of the male population.
 Historical Factors- Historical events exert a great influence on
3. ECONOMIC FUNCTION artists, particularly the writers.
 Many people believe that it does not pay to be an artist. Examples:
Examples:  Jose Rizal’s, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo
 Joanne K. Rowling- author of best-selling Harry Potter series, became one  Victor Hugo’s Les Miserables
of the most highly- paid women in British History.  The song “Magkaisa”
 Elvis Presley and Michael Jackson rake millions for their best-selling  Juan Luna’s “Spollarium”
records.  Social Factors- Social relationships affect artists too.
 Paintings of great painters such as Da Vinci and Buonarroti are worth Examples:
millions of dollars now.  English writer Ben Jonson composed his song “Song to Celia”
 GMA-7 spent millions of pesos for the set of “Indio” and “Encantadia” and  Italian sonneteer Francesco Petrarch wrote poems for his lady
the costume of Richard Gutierrez in “Captain Barbel” love named Laura.
 Society at most times dictate the types of paintings, sculptures,
4. POLITICAL FUNCTION songs, dances, literary pieces, and movies to be produced.
 When Imelda Romualdez-Marcos, a patroness of the arts, became  Independent films such as “Kubrador” and “Ang pagdadalaga
the Governor of Metro Manila, she promoted her political programs ni Maximo”
by means of the arts.  Ideational Factors- The ideas from various people also influence
Examples: artists.
 The painting of murals along national roads and busy streets. Examples:
 Building of edifices in the CCP (Cultural Center of the Philippines)  The father of Pschoanalysis, Sigmund Freud, proposed ideas
Complex; these include the PICC (Philippine International that have influenced surrealist painters. (The human body is the
Convention Center) , FAT (Folk Arts Theatre, now known as most beautiful figure to present as an art subject – Nudism)
Tanghalang Francisco Balagtas), and the Film Center.  In sculpture, nudism is became a fad with the creation of nude
figures of male gods known as Apollo statues.
5. HISTORICAL FUNCTION  Psychological Factors- At times, the works produced by the artists
 Paintings, sculptures, architectural works, and other art forms serve are affected by their psychological make-up or frame of mind.
to record historical figures and events. Examples:
Examples:  First painting of Edward Munch, “The Sick Child”, is an effect
 Paintings of French kings of his unfortunate childhood experience of contracting a long
 Sculptures of the Philippine heroes illness after losing his loved one at an early age.
 Tombs of rulers (Pyramids of Egypt and Taj Majal of India)
 Cenaculo (passion play)
 REGINA MAE N. NAZARENO
Subject Teacher CONTEMPORARY ARTS FROM THE REGIONS
SECOND SEMESTER, SY2019-2020
 Vincent van Gogh’s painting “The Starry Night”, completed in - Is the division of art study in which the student learns to admire the
asylum in St. Remy, during the most tormented period in his artists.
life. 2. Art History
 The manuscript of “The Filipino Is Worth Dying For”- - The division of art study in which the student acquires knowledge of
assailing the Marcos adminsitartion was written by the late the artists, their backgrounds, masterpieces and their significant
Sen. Benigno Aquino, Jr. when he was still a deportee in the US contributions in various fields of art.
waiting for his return to the Philippines. 3. Art Production
 Technical Factors- Techniques matter as far as artistic styles are - The division of art study in which the student learns to use his
concerned. creativity and apply his artistic knowledge and skills in producing his
Examples: own works of art.
 Different Brushes produce different strokes. If there is no 4. Art Criticism
brushes, painters use their hands. Those without hands use - The division of art study in which the student learns to use his
their mouth or feet. judgments in evaluating different artworks based on the criteria set.
 Airbrushes VII. INTEGRATIVE ART
 Paintings can be rendered realistically, surrealistically, - A number of art forms are combined to form an artwork.
impressionistically, and so on. Examples:
 Opera or musical play is a combination of music, dance, and
IV. PRINCIPLES OF ARTS drama.
 Building is an architectural work that can have paintings and
1. Harmony sculptures as integral parts.
- Most essential factor in a composition. Also called unity. - May also refer to the use of art in other disciplines, as in psychology.
- It is also called “unity” and it is achieved when all the elements of a Examples:
thing are put together to come up with a coherent whole.  Pyschotherapy
2. Balance VIII. CONTEMPORARY ART
- Known as physical equilibrium - It is an art produced at the present period in time. Contemporary art
- It is the stability produced by even distribution of weight on each side includes, and develops from, post-modern art, which is itself
of a thing. successor to modern art.
a. Formal balance(Symmetrical Balance) - Art that has been and continues to be created during our lifetimes.
 Exists if the weights at equal distance from the center are equal. - 1970- start of the era of post-modernism and considered to be the
b. Informal Balance ( Asymmetrical balance) contemporary art movement.
 Is present when the left and the right sides of the thing, though - Issues in contemporary: Feminism, multiculturalism, globalization,
not identical in appearance, still display an even distribution of bio- engineering and AIDS awareness.
weight.
3. RHYTHM
- Is the continuous use of a motif or repetitive pattern of a succession
UNIT II: CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGIONS
of similar or identical items. It is characterized as repetitive,
continuous, or flowing. - Art produced during the late 1960’s/early 1970’s up until the present
- It can be achieved by: day.
a. Alternation – use of two patterns alternately. - Art which is continuously in progress and continues to be produced
b. Radiation – repetition of the motif from the center or toward it. during our lifetime.
c. Progression – use of motifs or varying sizes, that is, from the smallest - Always in a state of flux.
to the largest, or vice versa.
4. PROPORTION Elements of the Audio-Visual Arts
- Is the comparative relationship of the different parts in relation to the
whole. A. MUSIC
- It is the proper and pleasing relationship of one object with the others - It is the art of combining sounds of varying pitch to produce a
in a design. coherent composition that is melodious, harmonious, intelligible, and
- Da Vinci came up with his own measurement of the human body by expressive of ideas and emotions.
means of his work, “The Vitruvian Man”. - Has its own elements.
5. EMPHASIS
- Is giving proper importance on one or more parts of the thing or the PITCH Relative highness or lowness of a tone
whole thing itself. VOLUME / The loudness or softness of a sound. It ranges from the very
- It is achieved by means of size or proportion, shape, color, line, INTENSIT soft (pianissimo) and soft (piano) to very loud (fortissimo)
position, and variety. Y and loud (forte). The volume is louder when a singer belts
out compared to the volume when he simply whispers.
TEMPO / The speed of a composition or any of its sections. Ballads
V. CLASSIFICATION OF ARTS
RATE have a slow tempo, whereas dance songs have a fast rate.
1. Visual Arts Terms such as allegro (fast), vivace (lively), moderato
- Are those forms perceived by the eyes. (moderate speed), andante (moderately slow), adagio (slower
Examples: than moderate), lento (slowly), and largo (very slow) are
Paintings related to tempo.
Sculpture DURATIO The length of time during which a sound is produced. Some
Architecture N sounds are longer than the others.
a. Graphic Arts TIMBRE The quality of sound that makes it distinct from other
- Are those visual arts that have length and width. sounds. Thus, a listener can distinguish the voices of Regine
Also called “ 2 Dimensional Arts. Velasquez, Jaya, Janno Gibbs, and Ogie Alcasid; likewise,
b. Plastic Arts he can recognize the sounds of a flute, a guitar, a drum and a
- Are those visual arts that have length, width and volume. piano.
2. Audio- Visual Arts RHYTHM The consistent pattern or succession of identical or similar
- Are those forms perceived by both ears (audio) and eyes (video). sounds. This is illustrated by the succession of similar sounds
- They are called performing arts inasmuch as the artists render a in a song, as follows: introduction, stanza one, chorus,
refrain, stanza, two, chorus, refrain, cod, and conclusion.
performance in front of an audience.
MELODY The series of consecutive tones that vary in pitch and
Examples:
duration but form a line of individual significance and
 Music ( vocal, instrumental, and mixed) expressive value. It is an orderly succession of tones or
 Dance (ethnologic, social, and theatrical) musical sounds. It is the one remembered by a listener or the
 Drama ( tragedy, comedy, tragicomedy, farce, melodrama, etc. ) one he whistles or hums, especially so when he does not
3. Literary Arts know the lyrics.
- Are those presented in the written mode and intended to be read. HARMON The simultaneous sounding of two or more tones. When
Examples: Y three of more tones are sounded simultaneously there exists a
 Prose (short stories, novels, essays, and plays) chord.
 Poetry (narrative poems, lyric poems, and dramatic poems) TEXTURE The number of tones expected to be apprehended
VI. DIVISION OF ART STUDY simultaneously. It is either monophonic (sounding of a single
1. Aesthetics or Art Appreciation melodic line without an accompaniment), polyphonic
- Aesthetics is the science of beauty (simultaneous sounding of two or more melodic lines of
 REGINA MAE N. NAZARENO
Subject Teacher CONTEMPORARY ARTS FROM THE REGIONS
SECOND SEMESTER, SY2019-2020
relatively equal interest), or homophonic (sounding of one
main melody supported by a subordinate one, as in the
performance of a folk singer with a guitar accompaniment).
FORM The overall organization of the composition. It is associated
with shape, structure, and coherence. All the musical
elements are put together to come up with the cohesive who
called form. Jose Palma’s lyrics of the Philippine National
Anthem titled “Lupang Hinirang” were arranged into a
march by Julian Felipe. All the notes and all the other
components of the song constitute its form.

B. DANCE
- A form of art using rhythmic bodily movements expressing ideas and
emotions and accompanied by music.
- It may tell a story, set a mood, or express an emotion.
- It is a form of exercise, recreation, socialization.
- Music and dance are allied arts. They share many similarities.

DANCER The most important element of dance. He

executes the steps, follows the
instructions of the choreographer, wears
the costumes, and carries the props.
CHOREOGRAPH The dance director. He does the overall
Y design of the dance, assigns the steps to
be executed by the dancer/s, selects the
costumes, and props that go with the
dance, and determines the set designed
for the dance.
Ex. Geleen Eugenio used to choreograph
the Universal Motion Dancers or UMD
and the “Starstruck” finalists, and
Maribeth Bichara did the choreography
for the VIP dancers. To be a good
choreographer, one must be a good
teacher.
DESIGN >It is the planned organization or pattern
of movements in time and space.
> it involves the movements and the
positioning of the dancers, and the steps
executed by them.
> the dancers of a dance troupe discuss
the design of the dance, together with the
choreographer, before they start their
rehearsal.
SUBJECT >The message of the dance.
Ex: The theme of the Ifugao war dance is
the rivalry between two tribes that that
leads to an armed conflict.
>Subject of the dances differ from one
dance to another.
MOVEMENTS >Classified into steps, gestures, and facial
expressions.
> dancers movement from one point on
stage to another; these includes leaps,
turns, rolls, and somersaults.
>Gestures are the movement of their
heads, hands, feet and other body parts;
these include swaying, head shaking, foot
stomping, and clapping.
> Facial expressions are the movement of
facial parts, as exemplified by the raising
of eyebrows, pouting of lips, and
crumpling of forehead.
TECHNIQUE >The style or way of executing the
movements.
Ex: The grind may be done singly or
doubly or the twist may be done quickly
or slowly.
PROPERTIES >More commonly called props, properties
are the things carried by the dancers as
they perform.
Ex: Glasses with lighted candles
(pandanggo sa sambalilo), fans (fan
dance), umbrellas (umbrella dnace),
sticks (sakulting), pots (banga), spears
and shields (singkil), towels, torches, and
so on.
COSTUMES >The things worn by the dancers during
their performance.