CHAPTER 9
thoroughly heat the seam and sweat the solder completely
ROOFING MATERIALS
A. CORRUGATED METAL ROOFING
9A-1 MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
1. CORRUGATED GALVANIZED IRON
A. Corrugated galvanized iron (G.I) sheets shall be cold-rolled
meeting ASTM-153 and with spelter coating of zinc not less
than 0.381 kg/m2
B. Roofing sheets shall be 0.50 mm thick.
C. Sheets shall weigh not less than 4.14 kg/m2
ROOF ACCESSORIES
A. Strap fasteners – shall be 0.50 mm thick by 2.5 cm
B. Rivets and washers
1. Shall be galvanized mild iron and shall not be less than
5 mm diameter and 10 mm length.
C. Washers shall not be less than 1.5 mm thick and 20mm in
outside diameter.
D. Soldering lead – shall have a composition of 50 percent lead.
E. Fabricated metal roof accessories
 Gutters and downspouts – 0.60 thick.
 Wire basket strainers – gauge 14, galvanized,
aluminum.
 If stainless steel is specified for gutter and
flashing – use gauge 24, 0.60mm thick, 120 cm x
240 cm.
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
A. PREPARATORY WORK
1. The centerline of the purlins at end laps shall be 15 cm from the
bottom line of end laps
B. Installation of corrugated G.I sheet
1. Installation of corrugated G.I sheets with end lap shall start the
lower part of the roof and proceed towards the direction of
monsoon wind providing a side laps of 2-1/2 corrugations.
C. Installation of Roofing Accessories
1. Ridge, hip and valley roll
- Ridge & hip rolls shall lap at least 25 cm. over roof sheets and
together shall be riveted at every second corrugation.
- Valleys shall lap at least 45 cm. each way under the roofing
sheets.
2. Flashing
- Shall be from 0.50 mm thick plain G.I sheet and shall be installed
along intersections of roofs with concrete or masonry walls in
accordance with the details shown on plans.
- Parallel to sheet corrugation shall lap at least two corrugations.
Across sheet corrugations shall lap at least 25 cm. and the edge of
flashing turned down at each corrugation.
3. Counter flashing
- Counter flashing sheets of gauge no. 24 plain G.I sheet shall be
built into preformed wedge-shape groove of concrete or masonry
wall.
4. Reglets
- Shall be located not less than 20 cm or more than 40 cm above
roofing.
5. Gutter
- Gutters, from gauge 24 plain G.I sheets, shall be fabricated to the
shape and dimensions indicated on the plans.
6. Downspout
- Downspouts if not embedded in concrete post or walls shall be
secured to adjoining wall with metal strap spaced not more than
1.0 meter apart.
7. Roof Ventilators
- Shall be firmly secured to the roof structure by means of rivets.
Roof ventilators installed on the roof at places other than the
ridge shall be provided with adequate flashing around intersection
with roofing to ensure watertight joints.
8. Soldered joints
- Soldering shall be done slowly with well heated iron in order to
through the full length of the seam.
9. Non-soldered joint of Roof Accessories
- Two adjoining edges of lock seam shall be bent 90 degrees. One
bent strip shall be at least 1.5 cm wide and the connecting piece
shall have a bent strip twice in width which shall be bent down
over the upturned narrower strip and pressed together.
10. Water leak test
- The water spray system shall have nozzle which will deliver
pressure of 2 kg/cm^2 and for a duration directed by the
supervising Architect or Engineer.
B. PRE-PAINTED METAL SHEET
9B-1 MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
1. Gutters, valleys, flashings, hip & ridge roll shall be fabricated from
gauge 24 ( 0.6 mm ) thick cold rolled plain galvanized iron sheets
specially tempered steel.
2. Fastening hardware shall be of galvanized iron straps and rivets
are of .50 mm thick x gauge 26 and standard G.I rivets.
3. Base metal thickness shall correspond to the ff.
.40 mm thick – gauge 28
.50 mm thick – gauge 26
.60 mm thick – gauge 24
.80 mm thick – gauge 22
- End lap. Provide 15 cm. minimum end lap.
- Anchorage. Pre-painted steel roofing sheets shall be fastened to
the wood purlins with standard length G.I straps and rivets.
for steel frame up to 4.5 mm thick, use self-drilling screw no. 12
by 3.5 cm long hexagonal head with neoprene washer.
C. CLAY ROOF TILES
MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
A. Clay Roof Tiles – shall manufactured from red clay specie, molded
to custom tile patterns.
B. Sheating
- Corrugated G.I sub-roofing shall be 0.5 mm thick long span.
Plywood sheating when used instead of G.I shall be 12 mm thick
marine plywood treated with two piles of felt paper asphalt
impregnated.
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
1. For clay tiles on concrete roof slab provide and install pressure
treated lumber 25 mm x 50 mm or metal strips properly aligned,
level squared and firm.
2. Apply waterproofing on slab surface to control moisture by cold
process.
3. Laying of tiles shall at the lower layer from right to left. See to it
that the left anchorage of tile is placed near or close to hip truss
as much as possible.
4. Continue to the next layer of clay roof tiles following the same
procedure.
5. After all clay tiles are laid out , mark the clay roof tiles at hips and
valleys which are to be cut suing straight edge or strings as guide.
6. Where tiles join a hip stringer, provide waterproof elastic cement.
Cement hi roll and ridge in lap and fasten with nails or tie wires as
specified.
7. Fill voids at hip starters and ridge ends with mortar, color to
match the tile.
8. Remove all debris and clean roof area ready for service.
Roof Drainage
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
Drainage
1. The contractor shall provide, fit or install all necessary drains with
strainers where so shown or indicated on plans and or where the
supervising engineer directs.
2. Each drain with strainers shall fit the size of the corresponding
downspouts or conductor over which is to be installed and in
accordance with the following schedule.
Drain and over flow pipes
1. Concrete roof gutters or any other work which catches drains or
collect rain water shall be provided with adequate drain or
overflow, pipes, one inch in diameter pipe spaced at 2.00 meters
on centers and or as specified.
MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
1. All roof drains with strainers actually installed shall be measured
and determined by the number of pieces or units ready for service
as provided in the bill of quantities accepted to the satisfaction of
the supervising architect or engineer.
Chapter 10
STEEL DOORS AND WINDOWS
(A) STEEL DORRS
MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
All door cladding plates or panels shall be formed from gauge 20
cold-rolled, quality steel. Frames shall be formed from gauge 16 cold-rolled
steel. The materials used shall conform with the specifications requirements
of ASTM-A505.
A. TUBULAR DOOR (Casement / sliding)
1. Hollow steel doors shall be custombuilt size and details as
indicated on the plans and or shop drawing.
2. Cladding of doors shall be flush or louver type. Doors shall be 44
mm thick, side hinged or overhead hung, as called for on the
plans.
3. Flush doors shall be constructed from two outer steel sheet not
less than gauge 20, with edges welded and finished flush.
B. Steel Louvers
1. Louvers shall be machine pressed conforming to the size and
design indicated on the plans with removable louver pane formed
to fit the metal sub-frame of openings.
C. Anchors and Fasteners
1. Anchors shall be steel zinc coated or painted with rust inhibitive
paint of sizes, and design according to manufacturer’s standard.
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
A. Fabrication
1. Corner joints of frames shall be mitered and welded conforming
to the manufacturer’s standard manual for metal doors.
2. All contact edges shall be closed tight. Welds on exposed surface
shall be grinded smooth and neat in appearance.
B. Shop Finish
1. After fabrication, grease and dirt shall be removed by a hot
alkali solution the rinsed with hot water.
2. After cleaning, all parts shall be immersed in hot or cold
phosphate solution and rinsed with a diluted solution of
chronic acid.
C. Wall Anchors
1. A minimum of three anchors shall be provided for each jamb.
Anchors shall be located opposite the top bottom hinges and
midway between top and bottom anchors.
2. Anchors for fastening frames to masonry shall be adjustable,
corrugated and or perforated and shall be embedded not less
than 20 cm into the masonry.
D. Hardware
Side bronze butts for side hung doors and overhead pocket
hardware for track and roller types, and lockets shall be suitable
for the service required and subject to the approval of the
supervising architect or engineer.
(B) STEEL WINDOWS
MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
1. All materials shall be hot rolled, new billet steel frame, heavy
section with depth of at least 33 mm and web thickness of at least
3 mm.
2. Frame members shall be of equal leg design section only at points
where called for in the plans, and continuous angle finish as
indicated on drawings.
A. Heavy duty side hinged Ventilator
1. Frame and ventilator members shall be specially designed
zee section not less than 33 mm in depth and not less than 3
mm in thickness, with weathering baffles rolled integrally to
provide continuous double contact between frame and side
hinged ventilator members.
B. Projected ventilators
1. All members shall be hot rolled new billet steel. Window frames
and ventilator sections shall be special angle shape not less than
33 mm deep from front to back and shall not be less than 3 mm in
thickness.
C. Awning Ventilators
This is a series of ventilators operating simultaneously. Frame
ventilator and muntin members shall be hot rolled new billet steel
sections not less than 33 mm deep, specially designed for steel
windows.
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
A. Fabrication and welds
1. Corners of frame and ventilator shall be mitered and
electrically butt welded with exposed welds ground smooth.
B. Residential casement, heavy duty side hinge window
1. Roto type
a. Each ventilator shall be hung on two heavy hot rolled
steel hinges of the extensive type, welded to both
frame and ventilator.
2. Simplex Type
- Hinges shall be of the extension friction type with bronze friction
washers and rust proofed steel scorn nuts.
- Hinge designed shall provide ferrous to non-ferrous contacts
between all movable surfaces.
C. Projected window ventilators
- Each ventilator shall be balanced on two heavy steel arms riveted
to vent and frame. Rivet holes in arms to be bronze bushed.
D. Awning window ventilators
- Each awning window indicated on the plans shall be of the awning
type window in which the ventilators operate simultaneously and
re-controlled manually. Each projecting panel shall be balanced on
two heavy steel supporting arms.
E. Installation
- All steel window shall set plumb and true to line in openings. The
joints between window frame and masonry shall be carefully
caulked.
- Contact between windows or doors and adjacent steel including
mullions shall be sealed with mastic furnished and applied by the
contractor.
- Windows shall be designed for glazing from the outside with
spring wire glazing clips and glazing putty.
- Mullions and anchors shall be o manufacturer’s standard design.
Vertical mullions, anchors and blots for attaching shall be
furnished where required.
- Adequate anchorage shall be provided to ensure firm installation.
F. Shop Painting
- All windows shall be given a coating of gray metallic paint applied
to all surfaces base for prevention of corrosion.
- Prior to application of paint primer the steel sections shall be
cleaned of rust, oil, grease and other foreign matter.