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Engrais contenant :
Origine : Allemagne
Pureté : 99.5%
Caractéristiques :
PHYSIQUES
Caractéristiques Spécifications
pH Env. 5
CHIMIQUES
Caractéristiques Spécifications
> 99%
Teneur
Ne contient pas d'antimottant
+Ammoniaque
Produits de décomposition +Anhydre sulfurique (SO3) ou nuage de
dangereux SO3
+Oxyde d'azote
GRANULOMETRIQUES
Caractéristiques Spécifications
>2.00mm 1% max
<0.5mm 16%
Conseil de ma droguerie : bien que le Sulfate d'Ammonium ne soit pas reconnu
comme étant dangereux pour la santé, il est recommandé de porter des gants de
protection, un vêtement de protection et un équipement de protection des yeux / du
visage.
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Industrial Inorganic Chemistry
DR.James G. Speight, in Environmental Inorganic Chemistry for Engineers, 2017
3.3.4 Ammonium Sulfate
Ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) is an inorganic salt with a number of commercial uses. The
most common use is as a soil fertilizer since the chemical contains 21% (w/w) nitrogen and
24% (w/w) sulfur. The chemical has also been used in flame retardant chemicals because, as a
flame retardant, it increases the combustion temperature of the material, decreases maximum
weight loss rates, and causes an increase in the production of residue or char. Ammonium
sulfate has been used as a wood preservative, but due to its hygroscopic nature, this use has
been largely discontinued because of associated problems with metal fastener corrosion,
dimensional instability, and finish failures.
Ammonium sulfate is produced by three different processes: (1) synthetic manufacture from
pure ammonia and concentrated sulfuric acid, (2) as a coke oven by-product, (3) from
ammonia scrubbing of tail gas at sulfuric acid (H2SO4) plants, and (4) as a by-product of
caprolactam ((CH2)5COHN) production,
Typically, ammonium sulfate is produced by combining anhydrous ammonia and sulfuric
acid:
2NH3+H2SO4→NH42SO4
In the process, a mixture of ammonia gas and water vapor is introduced into a reactor that
contains a saturated solution of ammonium sulfate and about 2%–4% (v/v) of free sulfuric
acid at 60°C (140°F); the heat of the reaction maintains the desired temperature. Concentrated
sulfuric acid is added to keep the solution acidic and to retain its level of free acid. Dry,
powdered ammonium sulfate may be formed by spraying sulfuric acid into a reaction chamber
filled with ammonia gas. The heat of reaction evaporates all of the water present in the system
with the resulting formation of as dry powdery salt.
Ammonium sulfate crystals are formed by circulating the solution through
an evaporator where it thickens. A centrifuge separates the crystals from the mother liquor.
The crystals contain 1%–2.5% moisture and are dried in a fluidized bed or rotary drum dryer.
Dryer exhaust gases are sent to a particulate collection system (e.g., wet scrubber) to control
emissions and recover residual product. Coarse and fine granules are separated by screening
before they are stored or shipped.
Ammonium sulfate also is manufactured from gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O). In this process, finely
divided gypsum is added to a solution of ammonium carbonate causing calcium
carbonate precipitates as a solid, leaving ammonium sulfate in the solution:
NH42CO3+CaSO4→NH42SO4+CaCO3
After formation of the ammonium sulfate solution, manufacturing operations of each process
are similar. Ammonium sulfate crystals are formed by circulating the ammonium sulfate
liquor through an evaporator. Evaporation of the water thickens the solution and ammonium
sulfate crystals are separated from the liquor in a centrifuge.
Ammonium sulfate also occurs naturally as the rare mineral mascagnite in
volcanic fumaroles and due to coal fires on some dumps. A fumarole (or fumarole; smoke
hole) is an opening in the crust of the Earth and is often found in areas surrounding volcanoes,
which emits steam (forms when superheated water vaporizes as its pressure drops when it
emerges from the ground) and gases such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and hydrogen
sulfide.
Particulate ammonium sulfate is the air emission occurring in the largest amount from
manufacture of this fertilizer. Dryer exhaust is the primary source of the particulates, and
emission rates are dependent on gas velocity and particle size distribution. Particulate rates
are higher for fluidized bed dryers than for the rotary drum type of dryer. Most plants use
baghouses to control particulates of ammonium sulfate, although venturi and centrifugal wet
scrubbers are better suited for this purpose.
Some volatile carbon emissions may be present in caprolactam plants where ammonium
sulfate is produced as a by-product.
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