HYDRAULIC DESIGN REPORT

HYDRAULIC DESIGN FOR MNB @ CH. 11+240

 HYDRAULIC DESIGN OF MINOR BRIDGE

Name of work : HAPAKHEDI TO PANWADI

Location of bridge : 11+240

Main Objective :

Hydrological analysis of bridges is outmost important task in highway projects. Estimation of design
flood/discharge for the design of different types of hydraulic structures is a very significant component of
hydrological studies. Proper estimation of design flood value is of great importance. While a higher value of design
flood results in increase in the cost of the cross drainage structures, an under estimated value is likely to place the
structure at great risk. The main Objective of the hydrological and hydraulic study is to determine the required
size of drainage structures to allow the estimated design flow of the streams to cross the alignment safely and to
check whether waterways of existing structures are sufficient to transmit the flow without risk so that appropriate
decisions could be taken concerning their rehabilitation.

The hydrological and hydraulic study for the project has been based on:

a) Topographic survey data of cross drainage structures

b) Topographic data of streams, Upstream and downstream
c) Rainfall pattern of the project site
d) Site study of the characteristics of the catchment areas, HFL from local enquiries and marks, and
hydraulic conditions at the existing drainage structures.

The hydrological studies usually cover the following aspects:

a) Assessment of the catchment of streams crossing the project stretch and determination of discharge by
various methods.
b) Safety of the proposed cross drainage structures/Existing Structures in the event of extreme flood i.e.
estimation of design flood.
c) Determination of waterway required to pass the design flood safely.
d) Determination of Design HFL corresponding to the design flood.
Data Collection And Data Analysis :

A) REQUIREMENTS FOR HYDROLOGICAL AND HYDRAULIC DESIGN :

The hydrological study aims at estimating the peak design of the flood generated by the run-off of rainfall within
the catchment area. The hydrological study requires:

a) Knowledge of the characteristics of peak rainfall in the regions

b) Knowledge of the characteristics of the catchment areas
c) Topographic data about the stream, upstream and downstream
d) Topo sheets/maps for identification of catchment area and its characteristics.

B) DATA COLLECTION

Topographic surveys have been done at all the major and stream crossings with a view to obtain the cross section
of the water channels at the centre line of the road and upto a reasonable distance at upstream and downstream.
The high flood levels (HFL) have been obtained from existing flood marks or ascertained from local enquiry.

The characteristics of the catchment areas have been ascertained from Bhuvan (ISRO Portal) from which
catchment area at the proposed bridge site, length of the stream and fall in elevation from originating point to the
point of crossing could be determined.

D) Flood Estimation Report

India has been divided into 26 hydro meteorologically homogenous sub zones. The corridor of the proposed
project is in lower yamuna Sub-Zone 1C it lies in the state of MADHYAPRADESH. For reference, CWC flood
estimation report of this subzone has been used.

E) High Flood Levels

Design Chainage HFL

Km m
Methodology Adopted For Discharge Calculations

The following methods can be used to estimate the peak discharge for bridge sites on major and minor streams.

1) Dickens's Formula
2) Rationale Method

These methods have been discussed in detail in the subsequent para.

1) DICKEN’S FORMULA

Dicken’s formula is commonly used for computation of flood discharge based on catchment area of the
stream. (Ref. clause 4.2 of IRC: SP: 13-2004)

Q = C * M(3/4)

Where:
A = Catchment area in Sq. km.
C = Run-off coefficient which depends on the topography, annual rainfall, type of
soil, Vegetation, ground slope, climate of the region, etc.

= 11-14 where the annual rainfall is 60-120 cm.

= 14-19 where the annual rainfall is more than 120 cm.
= 22 in Western Ghats.

Calculations as per Dickens Formula

Total catchment area (A) as per Bhuvan ( ISRO Portal ) = 2.91 Sq. km.

Runoff Cofficient for rainfall 120 Cm = 14.0

Q1 = C * M(3/4) = 14 x 2.913 ^(3/4)

= 31.22 Cum/s

2) RATIONALE METHOD

a) According to IRC SP-13 the peak run-off for given cathment area at any location is given
by.

𝑄=0.028∗𝑃∗𝐴∗𝐼_𝑐
where,

Q=Discharge (Peak run-off) in cum/sec

P=Cofficient of run-off for the catchment characterstics
A= Area of catchment in hactares
Ic= Critical intensity of rain fall in cm/hr. for the
selected frequency and duration for equal to time of concentration.
 b) According to IRC SP-13 Critical intensity of rain fall in cm/hr for shorter duration is given
by

𝑖_𝑐=𝐹/𝑇∗((𝑇+1)/(𝑡+1))

where,

i= Intensity of rainfall with in a shorter period of 't' hrs. within a storm

F= total rainfall in a storm in cm falling in duration of storm of 'T' hrs.
t= Smaller time intervalin hrs. within a storm duration of T hour

c) According to IRC SP-13 Time of concentration is computed as :

𝑡_𝑐〖=(𝐿^3/𝐻∗0.87)〗^0.385

tc = the concentration time in hours

L= the distance from the critical point to the structure in km
H = the fall in level from the critical point to the structure in m.

Calculations as per Rationale Method

𝑄=0.028∗𝑃∗𝐴∗𝐼_𝑐

Total catchment area (A) as per Bhuvan ( ISRO Portal ) = 2.91 Sq. km.

Cofficient of Runoff ( P ) for Plateaus area with lightly = 0.70

vegetative cover as per IRC SP : 42

1 Hour maximum rainfall (cm) as per IRC SP : 42 = 8.00 Cm

= 3.30 Km
Distance from the critical point to the structure in km (L)
= 4.00 m
Fall in level from the critical point to the structure in m (H)

= 2.21 Hrs
The concentration time in hours (tc) (3.3^3/4*0.87)^0.385

Critical intensity of rain fall in cm/hr is = 4.99 Cm/hr

(8/1)*((1+1))/(2.21+1)

Discharge (Peak run-off) in cum/sec (Q2) = 28.48 Cum/s

Summary and Design Discharge

The design discharge is taken as highest of the discharges obtained from various methods. However the general
condition laid down in IRC SP-13, 2004, Cl. 6.2 has been used to fix the design discharge that is if the discharge
obtained by one method is greater than 1.5 times the discharge obtained from the other, the discharge should be
limited to 1.5 times of the smaller one. Following are the design discharge of various bridges under consideration

1) Dicknes formula ( Q1 ) = 31.220 Cum/s

2) Rational formula ( Q2 ) = 28.480 Cum/s

Design Discharge ( Qd ) = 31.220 Cum/s

Calculation of Stage - Discharge Curve

n3= Manning's roughness cofficient with clean bank with = 0.027

weeds at center at Proposed Bridge

Stage Discharge Curve

Hydraullic Discharge
Elevation Wetted Area Wetted Velocity (V)
Radius (Q3)
in m (A) Perimeter (P) (m/sec)
(R=A/P) (Cum/sec)

101.440 2.940 7.64 0.385 2.191 6.441

101.940 5.940 9.64 0.616 2.998 17.811
102.440 8.940 11.640 0.768 3.473 31.047
Centre 102.940 11.940 13.640 0.875 3.789 45.243
Location 103.440 14.940 15.640 0.955 4.016 60.005
103.940 17.940 17.640 1.017 4.188 75.127
104.440 20.940 19.640 1.066 4.322 90.495
104.940 23.940 21.640 1.106 4.429 106.038

ELEVATION
STAGE DISCHARGE CURVE
80.00
70.00
60.00
50.00
DISCHARGE

40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
101.44 101.94 102.44 102.94 103.44 103.94
Discharge 6.44 17.81 31.05 45.24 60.00 75.13

Fig (i) - Stage Discharge Curve

 Calculation of Water Depth For Design Discharge as per Stage-Discharge Curve

Design Discharge ( Qd ) = 31.220 Cum/s

HFL as per Design Discharge from Fig (i) = 102.446 m

Free board as per Table 12.1 IRC SP : 13, 2004 = 0.600 m

Minimum Soffit level required (HFL+Free = 103.046 m

board)

Soffit level provided = 104.564 m

Hence OK

Scour Depth Calculation

As Per IRC 78, 2014 Clause 703 the mean scoure depth shall be calculated as

dsm〖=1.34(〖𝐷𝑏〗^2/𝐾𝑠𝑓)〗^(1/3)

Where

dsm = Mean Depth of Scour

Db =
The design discharge for foundation per metre width of effective waterway

Ksf = Silt factor for a representative sample of bed material obtained upto
the level of anticipated deepest scour
or =1.76〖dm〗^1/2

dm = Average size of Soil Particle as per Geotech report

Calculations for Scour Depth

Silt Factor (Ksf) 1.76 * SQRT ( 0.988 ) = 1.75

Effective Linear Waterway (W) = 5.7 m

Design Discharge Per unit Width of Waterway (D b) = 7.12 Cum/s
Average size of Soil Particle (dm) = 0.988

Mean Depth of Scour (dsm) = 4.12 m

 As per IRC SP : 78, 2014 Clause 703 the design scour septh for Pier and Abutment

a) Design Scour Depth For Abutment location is = 5.23 m

(1.27 * dsm)

c) Calculation of Founding Level for Abutment Location

HFL as per Design Discharge = 102.446 m

Maximum Scour Depth Calculated for Abutment Location = 5.23 m

Minimum Scour Level for Abutmnent Location = 97.219 m

Founding Level Required for Abutmnent Location = 95.219 m

Founding Lvl. Provided for Abutmnent Location = 95.200 m

Hence Ok

NOTE:- The raft of box culvert is kept 0.6m below ground level (as per irc sp13, 2014). The protection work
is provided both side (u/s & d/s) as per irc sp13, 2014 to avoid the scouring.
 ANNEXURE-1

CATCHMENT AREA DETAIL

CATCHMENT AREA AS PER BHUVAN (ISRO PORTAL)