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Figure 3. Breakdown measurement setup
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Figure 10. Relative permittivity of LDPEs
Figure 7. Relative permittivity tan delta of HDPEs
Fig. 11 to Fig. 17 show the space charge build up and decay
process of the unaged and aged HDPE and LDPE. With the
unaged HDPE, there is almost no charge injection into the
sample bulk. However, there is negative homo-charge injection
in the case of aged HDPE. The charge build up seems to
saturate after 10 minutes and the charge decays considerably
during the first 30 minutes that the voltage is removed. In the
case of LDPE, there is no significant difference between aged
and unaged samples. There is a huge positive hetero-charge
injection to the bulk from the cathode in both cases. After one
hour a lot of charge had decayed, however the amount of
charge left in the bulk is still relatively large. This explains why
LDPE has lower breakdown strength compared with HDPE.
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Figure 17. Charge decay with aged LDPE
Figure 13. Charge decay with aged HDPE
V. CONCLUSION
Repetitive lightning impulses can actually reduce the
breakdown strength of HDPE but not affect LDPE. There is
almost no difference between the effects of positive and
negative impulses. HDPE becomes lossier and space charge
builds up more effectively after ageing, but LDPE is largely
unaltered. Space charge injection due to lightning impulse
events is less important because any injected charge decays
relatively quickly.