Things to Revise Angkor/Khmer Empire: Assessed on: How to Revise: The way of life in the Khmer Empire Revise notes on the Angkor Khmer The reasons for Angkor’s rise to Empire prominence Revise social, cultural, economic The cultural achievements of the Khmer features of the empire civilisation Revise Angkor’s use of trade and Theories of the decline of Angkor agriculture Revise system of water management and building of temples in the Khmer empire Revise the overuse of water resources, neglect of public works, ongoing war and climate change
The Black Death:
Assessed on: How to Revise: The living conditions and religious Revise life expectancy, medical beliefs of the 14th Century knowledge, beliefs about the pow The role of expanding trade between God Europe and Asia in the Black Death Revise the origin and spread of th The causes and symptoms of the Black disease Death and the responses of different Revise notes on identifying the social groups different symptoms of the disease The immediate and long-term effects Revise notes on the flagellants an of the Black Death monasteries Revise the effects of labour shorta peasant uprisings, the weakening feudal structures, and increased so mobility Khmer Empire:
The way of life in the Khmer Empire:
Rice and Fish were the main foods
Floating houses Indian Beliefs and Customs (Indianisation) Water was important Religions were Buddhism (2 types) and Hinduism Fishing and tending to animals and rice fields Slept on bamboo mats laid on wooden floors Little furniture (used animal hides) Knotted hair, Bare chested and bare foot A strip of cloth around their waist, over which a larger piece could be drawn Food served in leaves or wooden bowls Strict social Hierarchy People were expected to perform their specific jobs Not much is known about society as no written evidence on paper or leaves survived No coins, only traded for their goods
The reasons for Angkor’s rise to prominence:
Had a large supply of rice and fish which they could trade Location along the river allowed easier trade routes Trading gave them new technology and other advancements In 13th century exported luxury goods such as rhinoceros horns, ivory, beeswax, lacquer, pepper, feathers and cardamom Traded above goods for products such as paper, metal goods, porcelain, silk and wicker Water management systems were very important in the rise Main source of water was the Kulon Mountains Constructed reservoirs called Barays Excess water from rivers was channelled into Barays Water from Barays was used all year round for irrigation to allows multiple crop harvests in a year (3-4) Largest Baray called the West Baray The cultural achievements of the Khmer civilisation Constructed Angkor Wat which is so well known that it is featured on the flag of Cambodia Khmer temples were dedicated to the Hindu gods Shiva and Vishnu, or to Buddha Temples featured large open courtyards, linked by galleries and walkways Built many temples throughout their land Temples were built out of sandstone and laterite Feature corbel arches, built by stacking two columns of stone on either side of an opening Decorative stone lintels, providing horizontal support over doorways Theories of the decline of Angkor Water Management System Breakdown: Began to decline as Angkor Wat was Built Irrigation system was affected by environmental change and cutting down of forests Water ran of land with sediment into water system Killed fish and lost water as drought damaged Barays Rice harvest dropped from 3-4 a year to 1-2 a year Economic Problems: Jayavarman VII began an expensive building project Built many temples, roads and hospitals Conquered new areas and expanded the empire Cost of building and army was too much Change of trading patterns and moving site south Religious Conflict: Religion was constantly changing Large temples were built People defaced the old religions temples Theravada Buddhism was formed New Buddhism didn’t need temples People moved south and abandoned the empire Climate: Above average rainfall helped growth of crops and fish during medieval warm period Followed by Medieval Climate Anomaly with less rain Caused damage to system with less food and money and went south
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