TUGAS APLIKASI KOMPUTER BAB 8

1. What is the significance of the telecommunications deregulation for managers and

organizations?
Jawaban : Thousands of companies have sprung up to provide
telecommunications products and service, including local and long
distance telephone services, cellular phones and wireless
communications services, data networks, cable TV, communications
satellites, and internet and technologies into their information system
and business process.

2. What is a communications system? What are the principal functions of all

telecommunications system?
Jawaban : A telecommunications system is a collection of compatible hardware
and software arranged to communicate information from one location
to another.
The system transmits information, establishes the interface between the
sender and the receiver, routes message along most efficient paths,
perform elementary processing of the information to ensure that the
right message gets to the right receiver, performs editorial tasks on the
data (such as checking for transmissions errors and rearranging the
format), and converts message from one speed (say, the speed of
computer) into the speed of a communications line or from one format
to another. Finally, the telecommunications system controls the flow of
information.

3. Name and briefly each of the components of a telecommunications system?

Jawban:
a. Computers to process information
b. Terminals or any input / output devices that send or receive data
c. Communications channels, the links by which data or voice are
transmitted between sending and receiving devices in a network.
Communications channels use various communications media, such as
telephone lines, fiber optic cables, coaxial cables, and wireless
transmission.
d. Communications processor, such as modems, multiplexers, controllers,
and front-end processor, which provide support functions for data
transmission and reception.
e. Communications software, which controls input and output activities and
manages other functions of the communications network.
4. Distinguish between an analog and digital signal?
Jawaban : An analog signal is represented by continuous waveform that passes
through a communications medium. Analog signal are used ti handle
voice communications and to reflect variations in pitch. A digital
signal is a discrete, rather than a continuous, waveform. It transmits
data coded into two discrete states : 1-bits and 0-bits, which are
represented as on-off electrical pulses.

5. Name the different types of telecommunications transmission media and compare

them in terms of speed and cost?
Jawaban : A channel can use different kinds of telecommunications transmission
media :
a. twisted wire
twisted wire consist of strands of copper wire twisted in pairs and is the oldest
transmission medium. Although it is low in cost and already is in place, twisted
wire is relatively slow for transmitting data, and high speed transmission cause
interference called crosstalk.

b.coaxial cable
such as that used for cable TV, consist of thickly insulated cooper wire, wich
can transmit a larger volume of data than twisted wire.

c. fiber optic
consist of thousand of strands of clear glass fiber, each the thickness of a
human hair, which are bound into cables.

d. terrestrial microwave
e. satellite
f. other wireless transmission.
6. Name and describe the technologies used for wireless transmission?
Jawaban :
a. Microwave
A high volume, long distance, point transmission in which high frequency
radio signals are transmitted through the atmosphere from one terrestrial
transmission station to another.
b. Satellite
The transmissions of data using orbiting satellites to serve as relay stations
for transmitting microwave signals over very long distances.
7. What are optical network? Why are they becoming important?
Jawaban : Networking technologies for transmitting data in the form of light
pulses.
Because these optical network can transmit all types of traffic voice ,
data, and video over fiber cables and provide the massive bandwidth for
new types of services and software. Using optical network, on demand
video, software downloads, and high quality digital audio can be
accessed using set stop boxes and other information appliances without
any degradation in quality or delays.

8. What is the relationship between bandwidth and a channel’s transmission

capacity?
Jawaban : The range of frequencies that can be accommodated on a particular
telecommunications channel is called its bandwidth. The bandwidth is
the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies that can be
accommodated on a single channel.

9. Name and briefly describe the different kinds of communications processor?

Jawaban : In a large computer system, the front end processor is a special
purpose computer dedicated to communications management and is
attached to the main, or host, computer. The front end processor
performs communications processing such as error control, formatting,
editing, controlling, routing, and speed and signal conversion. A
concentrator is a programmable telecommunications computer that
collects and temporarily stores message from terminals until enough
messages are ready to be sent economically. A controller is a
specialized computer that supervises communications traffic between
the CPU and peripheral devices such as terminals and printers. A
multiplexer is a device that enables a single communications channel
to carry data transmission from multiple sources simultaneously.

10. Name and briefly describe the three principal network topologies?
Jawaban :
a. the star network, consist of a central host computer connected to a number
of smaller computers or terminal.
b. the bus network, links a number of computers by single circuit made of
twisted wire, coaxial cable, or fiber optic cable.
c. the ring network, does not rely on a central host computer and will not
necessarily break down if one of the component computers mal function.

11. Distinguish between a PBX and a LAN?

Jawaban : A private branch exchange (PBX) is a special purpose computer
designed for handling and switching office telephone calls at a
company site. A local area network (LAN) encompasses a limited
distance, usually one building or several building in close proximity.
12. What are the components of a typical LAN? What are the functions of each
component?
Jawaban : LAN technology consist of cabling (twisted wire, coaxial, or fiber optic
cable) or wireless technology that links individual computer devices,
network interface cards, and software to control LAN activities. The
LAN network interface card specifies the data transmission rate, the
size of message units, the addressing information attached to each
message, and network topology.

13. List and describe the various network service?

Jawaban : Packet switching, technology that breaks blocks of text into small,
fixed bundles of data and routes them in the most economical way
through any available communications channel. A share network
service technology that packages data into bundles for transmission but
does not use error correction routines. Cheaper and faster than packet
switching. ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) a networking
technology that parcels information into eight byte cells, allowing data
to be transmitted between computers from different vendors at any
network speed.

14. Distinguish between a WAN and a VAN?

Jawaban : WAN ( wide area network), telecommunications network that spans a
large geographical distance. May consist of a variety or wired,
satellite, and microwave technology.
VAN (value added network), private, multipart, data only, third party
managed network that multiple organizations use on a subscription
basis.

15. Define the following: modem, baud, protocol, converged network, and
broadband?
Jawaban : A local area network (LAN) encompasses a limited distance, usually
one building or several building in close proximity. Other companies
also are achieving strategic benefits by developing electronic
commerce and electronic business applications based on networking
technologies.

16. Name and describe the telecommunications applications that can support
electronic commerce and electronic business?
Jawaban : The company placed its own computer terminals in hospital supply
rooms. Costumers could dial up a local VAN and send their orders
directly to the company. Other companies also are achieving strategic
benefits by developing electronic commerce and electronic business
applications based on networking technologies. Electronic mail (email),
groupware, voice mail, fax, digital information etc.