2007 SECTION II, PART A SA-731 /SA-731M

SPECIFICATION FOR SEAMLESS, WELDED

FERRITIC, AND MARTENSITIC STAINLESS
STEEL PIPE

SA-731 /SA-731M

(Identical with ASTM Specification A 731 /A 731M-91 except for an editorial correction in Table 2.)

1. Scope A 763 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranu-

1.1 This specification covers seamless, welded ferritic, lar Attack in Ferritic Stainless Steels
and martensitic stainless steel pipe intended for high-tem- E 340 Method for Macroetching Metals and Alloys
perature and general corrosive service. E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys
1.2 Most of the grades are commonly known as the 2.2 ANSI Standards:
straight chromium type and are characterized as being fer- B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose
romagnetic. B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
1.3 High-chromium, ferritic alloys are highly sensitive B35.19 Stainless Steel Pipe
to notch brittleness on slow cooling to ordinary tempera-
tures. This feature should be recognized in the use of this
material in the as-welded condition in sections thicker than 3. General Requirements
0.250 in. [6.3 mm]. 3.1 Material furnished under this specification shall
1.4 Optional supplementary requirements are provided conform to the applicable requirements of the current edi-
for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These tion of Specification A 530/A 530M, unless otherwise pro-
supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be vide herein.
made and, when desired, one or more of these may be
specified in the order.
4. Ordering Information
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the 4.1 Orders for material under this specification should
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated include the following, as required, to describe the desire
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each material adequately:
system must be used independently of the other. Combining 4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths).
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance 4.1.2 Name of material (ferritic stainless steel pipe).
with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply
unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified 4.1.3 Process (seamless or welded).
in the order. 4.1.4 Grade (see Table 1).
NOTE 1 — The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has 4.1.5 Size (NPS or outside diameter and schedule
been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal number or average wall thickness).
diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
4.1.6 Length (specific or random, Section 11).

2. Referenced Documents 4.1.7 End finish (see Section on Ends of Specification

2.1 ASTM Standards: A 530/A 530M).
A 530/A 530M Specification for General Requirements for 4.1.8 Optional requirements (Section 10, and Supple-
Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe mentary Requirements S1 to S6).

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 SA-731 /SA-731M 2007 SECTION II, PART A
4.1.9 Test report required (see Section on Certifica-
tion of Specification A 530/A 530M).
4.1.10 Specification designation.
4.1.11 Special requirements.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Manufacture:
5.1.1 The pipe shall be made by the seamless or by
an automatic welding process, with no addition of filler
metal in the welding operation.
5.1.2 The pipe shall be pickled free from scale.
5.2 Heat Treatment — As a final heat treatment, pipe
shall be heated to a temperature of 1400°F [760°C] or
higher and cooled (as appropriate for the grade) to meet
the requirements of this specification.
5.2.1 The martensitic Grade UNS S41500 shall be
heated to a temperature of 950°F (510°C) or higher and
cooled as appropriate to meet the requirements of this
specification.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to
chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
7. Product Analysis
7.1 At the request of the purchaser, an analysis of either
one billet, one length of flat-rolled stock, or one tube shall
be made from each heat. The chemical composition thus
determined shall conform to the requirements specified.
7.2 The results of these analyses shall be reported to
the purchaser or the purchaser’s representative, and shall
conform to the requirements specified in Section 6.
7.3 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests
of two additional billets, lengths of flat-rolled stock, or
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tubes shall be made. Both retests for the elements in ques-
tion shall meet the requirements of this specification; other-
wise all remaining material in the heat or lot shall be
rejected or, at the option of the producer, each billet or
tube may be individually tested for acceptance. Billets,
lengths of flat-rolled stock, or tubes that do not meet the
requirements of this specification shall be rejected.
7.3.1 The lot size for the same NPS of each heat of
steel shall be as follows:
NPS Designator Lengths of Pipe in Lot
Under 2 400 or fraction thereof
2 to 5 200 or fraction thereof
6 and over 100 or fraction thereof
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8. Tensile Requirements
8.1 The material shall conform to the tensile require-
ments prescribed in Table 2.
9. Mechanical Requirements
9.1 Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test — The
tension test shall be performed on 1% of the pipe from
each lot.
NOTE 2 — The term “lot” for mechanical tests applies to all pipe of
the same nominal size and wall thickness (or schedule) that is produced
from the same heat of steel and subjected to the same finishing treatment:
(1) in a continuous heat treatment furnace, or (2) in a batch-type, heat-
treatment furnace, in which case the lot shall include only that pipe heat
treated in the same batch furnace charge.
9.2 Flattening Test — For material heat treated in a
batch-type furnace, flattening tests shall be made on 5%
of the pipe from each heat-treated lot. For material heat
treated by the continuous process, this test shall be made
on a sufficient number of pipe to constitute 5% of the lot,
but in no case less than two lengths of pipe.
9.3 Hydrostatic Test — Each length of finished pipe
shall be subjected to the hydrostatic test.
10. Lengths
10.1 Pipe lengths shall be in accordance with the fol-
lowing regular practice:
10.1.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon, all sizes are
generally available in a length up to 24 ft (Note 3) with
the permissible range of 15 to 24 ft (Note 3). Short lengths
are acceptable; however, the number and minimum length
shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the
purchaser.
NOTE 3 — This value(s) applies when the inch-pound designation of
this specification is the basis of purchase. When the “M” designation of
this specification is the basis of purchase, the corresponding metric val-
ue(s) shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.
10.1.2 If definite cut lengths are desired, the lengths
required shall be specified in the order. No pipe shall be
under the specified length and not more than 1⁄4 in. [6 mm]
over that specified.
10.1.3 No jointers are permitted unless otherwise
specified.
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 2007 SECTION II, PART A SA-731 /SA-731M

11. Finish 12. Product Marking

12.1 In addition to the marking specified in Specifica-
11.1 The finished pipes shall be straight to within 3⁄16 in.
tion A 530/A 530M, the marking shall include the manu-
[5 mm] maximum bow in any 6 ft [2 m] as measured with
facturer’s private identifying mark and whether the
a 6 ft [2 m] straight edge. Imperfections may be removed
material is seamless or welded.
by grinding provided the outside diameter or the wall thick-
ness are not decreased to less than that permitted, in accor- 12.2 The marking shall also include the heat number
dance with the Section on Permissible Variations in Wall and heat-treatment lot identification. If specified in the
Thickness or the Table on Permissible Variations in Out- purchase order, the marking for pipe larger than NPS 4
side Diameter of Specification A 530/A 530M. shall include the mass.

TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
Grade 18Cr-2Mo TP XM-33 TP XM-27 TP 439 29-4 29-4-2 26-3-3

UNS
Desig-
Element nation A S44400 S44626 S44527 S43035 S41500 B S44700 S44800 S44660

Carbon, max, % 0.025 0.06 0.01 C 0.07 0.05 0.010 0.010 0.030
Manganese, max, % 1.0 0.75 0.40 1.00 0.05–1.0 0.30 0.30 1.00
Phosphorus, max, % 0.040 0.04 0.02 0.040 0.03 0.025 0.025 0.040
Sulfur, max, % 0.030 0.02 0.02 0.030 0.03 0.020 0.020 0.030
Silicon, max, % 1.00 0.75 0.40 1.00 0.06 0.20 0.20 1.00
Nickel,D max, % 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 3.5–5.5 0.15 max 2.0–2.5 1.0–3.50
Chromium, % 17.5–19.5 25.0–27.0 25.0–27.5 17.00–19.00 11.5–14.0 28.0–30.0 28.0–30.0 25.0–28.0
Molybdenum, % 1.75–2.50 0.75–1.50 0.75–1.50 ... 0.5–1.0 3.5–4.2 3.5–4.2 3.0–3.50
Aluminum, max, % ... ... ... 0.15 ... ... ... ...
Copper, max, % ... 0.20 0.20 ... ... 0.15 0.15 ...
Nitrogen, max, % 0.035 0.040 0.015 0.04 ... 0.020 E 0.020 E 0.040
Titanium, % Ti + Cb p 7 ⴛ (C + N) ... 0.20 + 4 ⴛ (C ... ... ... (Ti + Cb) p
0.20 + 4 ⴛ but not + N) min; 0.20–100 and 6
(C + N) less than 1.10 max ⴛ (C + N) min
min; 0.80 0.20 min;
max 1.00 max
Columbium, % ... ... 0.05–0.20 ... ... ... ... ...

A
New designation established in accordance with ASTM E 527 and SAE J1066, Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS).
B
Plate version of CA6NM.
C
For small-diameter piping, where many reduction passes may be required, a carbon maximum of 0.015% is necessary. Small-diameter
pipes are defined as those less than 1.315 in. [33.4 mm] in outside diameter.
D
Nickel plus copper.
E
Carbon plus nitrogen p 0.025% max.

TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS

Grade
TPXM-33, 29-4
Property 18Cr-2Mo TPXM-27 TP439 S41500 29-4-2 26-3-3

Tensile strength, min, psi [MPa] 60 000 [415] 65 000 [450] 60 000 [415] 115 [795] 80 000 [550] 85 [585]
Yield strength, min, psi [MPa] 40 000 [275] 40 000 [275] 30 000 [205] 90 [620] 60 000 [415] 65 [450]
Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm (or 20 20 20 15 20 20
4D) min, %

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 SA-731 /SA-731M 2007 SECTION II, PART A
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS FOR PIPE REQUIRING SPECIAL
CONSIDERATION
The supplementary requirements in Sections S1 to S6 shall not be considered unless specified
in the order. Those specified in the order shall be made at the mill, unless otherwise agreed
upon, and may be witnessed by the purchaser’s inspector before shipment of the material.
S1. Product Analysis
S1.1 For all pipe NPS 5 and larger there shall be one
product analysis made of a representative sample from one
piece for each ten lengths or fraction thereof from each
heat of steel.
S1.2 For pipe smaller than NPS 5 there shall be one
product analysis made from ten lengths per heat of steel
or from 10% of the number of lengths per heat of steel,
whichever number is smaller.
S1.3 Individual lengths failing to conform to the chemi-
cal requirements specified in Section 6 shall be rejected.
S2. Transverse Tests
S2.1 There shall be one transverse tension test made
from one end of 10% of the lengths furnished per heat of
steel. This applies only to NPS 8 and larger.
S2.2 If a specimen from any length fails to conform to
the tensile properties specified, that length shall be rejected.
S3. Flattening Test
S3.1 The flattening test shall be made on specimens
from one end of each length of pipe. Crop ends may be
used. If the specimen from any length fails to conform to
the specified requirement, that length shall be rejected.
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S4. Etching Tests
S4.1 An etching test shall be made on a transverse
section from one end of each length and shall show sound,
homogeneous, and reasonably uniform material, free from
injurious laminations, cracks, and similar objectionable
defects. An etching test in accordance with Method E 340
shall be made. If the specimen of any length shows objec-
tionable defects, one retest shall be permitted from the
same end. If this fails, the length shall be rejected. The
rings for the flattening tests (Supplementary Requirement
S3) may be used for etch tests either before or after flat-
tening.
S5. Nondestructive Electric Test
S5.1 Each seamless or welded pipe shall be subjected
to a nondestructive electric test as agreed upon between
the manufacturer and purchaser.
S6. Intergranular Corrosion Test
S6.1 When specified in the purchase order, intergranu-
lar corrosion tests shall be run on ferritic stainless steel
specimens as described in Practices A 763. The particular
corrosion test to be used shall be as specified in Practices
A 763.
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 2007 SECTION II, PART A SA-731 /SA-731M

APPENDIX

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1. TABLE X1.1 IS BASED ON TABLE 1 OF

THE AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
FOR STAINLESS STEEL PIPE (ANSI B36.19-
1965)

TABLE X1.1
DIMENSIONS OF WELDED AND SEAMLESS STAINLESS STEEL PIPE
Nominal Wall Thickness
A
NPS Outside Diameter Schedule 5S Schedule 10S A Schedule 40S A Schedule 80S A
Designator in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm
1
⁄8 0.405 10.29 ... ... 0.049 1.24 0.068 1.73 0.095 2.41
1
⁄4 0.540 13.72 ... ... 0.065 1.65 0.088 2.24 0.119 3.02
3
⁄8 0.675 17.15 ... ... 0.065 1.65 0.091 2.31 0.126 3.20
1
⁄2 0.840 21.34 0.065 1.65 0.083 2.11 0.109 2.77 0.147 3.73
3
⁄4 1.050 26.67 0.065 1.65 0.083 2.11 0.113 2.87 0.154 3.91
1.0 1.315 33.41 0.065 1.65 0.109 2.77 0.133 3.38 0.179 4.55
11⁄4 1.660 42.16 0.065 1.65 0.109 2.77 0.140 3.56 0.191 4.85
11⁄2 1.900 48.26 0.065 1.65 0.109 2.77 0.145 3.68 0.200 5.08
2 2.375 60.03 0.065 1.65 0.109 2.77 0.154 3.91 0.218 5.54
21⁄2 2.875 73.03 0.083 2.11 0.120 3.05 0.203 5.16 0.276 7.01
3 3.500 88.90 0.083 2.11 0.120 3.05 0.216 5.49 0.300 7.62
31⁄2 4.000 101.60 0.083 2.11 0.120 3.05 0.226 5.74 0.318 8.08
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4 4.500 114.30 0.083 2.11 0.120 3.05 0.237 6.02 0.337 8.56
5 5.563 141.30 0.109 2.77 0.134 3.40 0.258 6.55 0.375 9.52
6 6.625 168.28 0.109 2.77 0.134 3.40 0.280 7.11 0.432 10.97
8 8.625 219.18 0.109 2.77 0.148 3.76 0.322 8.18 0.500 12.70
10 10.750 273.05 0.134 3.40 0.165 4.19 0.365 9.27 0.500 B 12.70 B
12 12.750 323.85 0.156 3.96 0.180 4.57 0.375 B 9.52 B 0.500 B 12.70 B
14 14.000 355.60 0.156 B 3.96 B 0.188 4.78 ... ... ... ...
16 16.000 406.40 0.165 B 4.19 B 0.188 4.78 ... ... ... ...
18 18.000 457.20 0.165 B 4.19 B 0.188 4.78 ... ... ... ...
20 20.000 508.00 0.188 B 4.78 B 0.218 B 5.54 B ... ... ... ...
22 22.000 558.80 0.188 B 4.78 B 0.218 B 5.54 B ... ... ... ...
24 24.000 609.60 0.218 B 5.54 B 0.250 6.35 ... ... ... ...
30 30.000 762.00 0.250 6.35 0.312 7.92 ... ... ... ...

NOTE — The decimal thickness listed for the respective pipe sizes represents their nominal or average wall dimensions.
A
Schedules 5S and 10S wall thicknesses do not permit threading in accordance with the American National Standard for Pipe Threads
(ANSI B1.20.1).
B
These do not conform to the American National Standard for Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe (ANSI B36.10-1975).

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