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14 Transistors
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Transistors transistor MOSFET

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MOSFET transistor
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There are several different types of transistor: the bipolar

A transistor is a device that transistor, the junction eld effect transistor (JFET) and
the metal-oxide semiconductor eld-effect transistor
determines the ow and (MOSFET). Both FET and bipolar transistors need a bias
quantity of current. voltage in order to turn on.
A bipolar transistor has three terminals. An electrical
Transistors have the ability
current ows into the rst terminal, known as the base.
transistor de efecto de campo de union to switch and amplify The base changes the current ow between the emitter
junction eld effect electronic signals. and collector.
transistor (JFET) Field effect transistors also have three terminals. However,
the terminals have different names: the gate, source, and
drain. The other difference is that voltage applied to the
gate changes the current ow between the source and
drain. MOSFETs have two main operating modes:
enhancement mode and depletion mode. Depletion
transistor bipolar
mode transistors are “normally on” whereas enhancement
bipolar transistor mode transistors are “normally off.”

Vocabulary
Get ready! 3 Match the words or phrases (1-7) with the
●
definitions (A-G).
1 Before you read the passage, talk about
●
these questions. 1 F___ amplify B gate
5 ___
D bias
2 ___ C JFET
6 ___
1 What are two types of transistor?
E drain
3 ___ G source
7 ___
2 What are the three terminals in a FET transistor?
4 A
___ enhancement mode

Reading A an operating mode where the channel is free of

charge carriers when the gate source voltage is
2 Read the article. Then, complete the table.
● zero
B the part of a transistor where charge-carrying
Transistor Information holes originate
a bipolar transistor has three terminals (base, C a type of transistor that has a gate, source, and
collector and emitter. the current flows into
___________________________________________________
the base. the base changes the current flow
Bipolar drain
between the collector and emitter
___________________________________________________
D a xed voltage, applied to a device, in order to
is atransistor that have three terminals
___________________________________________________ control its operation
JFET can be used in switches that are electronically
controlled
___________________________________________________ E the controlling terminal that alters the current
ow between the source and drain
it is a semiconductor transistor that can
___________________________________________________
MOSFET amplify signals F to increase the power of a signal
___________________________________________________
G the part of a FET that does the same job as the
collector
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4 Read the sentence pairs. Choose which word or phrase
● Speaking
best fits each blank. 8 With a partner, act out the
●
1 base / depletion mode roles below based on Task 7.
deletion mode
A __________________________________________________ transistors are devices Then, switch roles.
that are “normally on.” ?????
USE LANGUAGE SUCH AS:
B The base
___________________________________________________ changes the ow
I’m already having ...
of current between two terminals.
I apologize for ...
2 MOSFET / emitter How about ...?
MOSFET
A __________________________________ is a kind of transistor that requires
the least amount of signal current in order to turn on.
emitter
B The ____________________________________ is the section of a transistor
where charge-carrying holes originate. Student A: You are a customer in
an electronics store. Talk to
3 bipolar transistor / collector Student B about:
A Once charge carriers have left the base, they ow into the • a problem with a purchase
collector
_________________________________________________ . • the cause of the problem
B A bipolar transistor
_________________________________________________
a piece of is • possible compensation
equipment used to amplify and switch electronic signals.

Student B: You are a tech in an

5
● Listen and read the article again. What do transistors
electronics store. Talk to
do?
Student A about the computer.

Listening
6
● Listen to a conversation between a customer and a
Writing
tech. Mark the following statements as true (T) or 9 Use the article and the
●
false (F). conversation from Task 8 to
1 ___ The computer model is usually a good one.
fill out the notice
from the stereo
2 ___ The computer’s transistor does not work correctly. manufacturer.
3 ___ The man offers to give her a new computer.

7
● Listen again and complete the conversation.

Customer: I bought this computer here last week, and NOTICE FORM
I’m already having problems with it.
Tech: I apologize for the 1 ______________ . Can I take a look at it? Repair Needed
Customer: Sure, but I don’t know that I still want it. What kind of
computer breaks 2 _____________ _____________ _____________ ? display
Item affected: ________________________________
Tech: I’m so sorry it’s given you dif culties. We don’t usually
change of the screen
Repair needed: ______________________________
have problems with 3 _____________ _____________ .
and the display
____________________________________________________
Customer: Really?
Tech: Okay, I think I know what the issue is. According to Suggested customer compensation:
part of a money
your computer’s 4 _____________ _____________ , it’s part of a
____________________________________________________
batch that got faulty transistors.
____________________________________________________
Customer: Well that 5 _____________ _____________ .
____________________________________________________
Tech: I can 6 _____________ _____________ _____________ fairly easily.

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