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1
Doppler Effect Non-direct Approach
Suppose a mobile transmitting at carrier If the velocity of the vehicle is at an
frequency fo approaches a stationary receiver angle θ to the receiver, then the
directly at a speed of v
Doppler shift is
v v
f d = f o cos(θ )
c
The carrier frequency of the received
signal will be
v Maximum
θ
f rec = f o + f d , where fd = fo Doppler
v
c Shift
1 9 0.423 k
TC = = BS < BD =
fd 16π fd TC
2
Slow-fading Doppler-related Relationships
Slow-fading is the (conservative)
opposite of fast-fading
Safe to assume hb(t) is constant during Fast Fading Slow Fading
References
[Rapp, ’02] T.S. Rappaport, Wireless
Communications, Prentice Hall, 2002
[Shankar, ’02] P. Mohana Shankar,
Introduction to Wireless Systems, John
Wiley & Sons, 2002