Interpretation of Results

In this experiment, we have learned the building blocks of sequential circuits of which

are the latches and flip-flops. In here we have learned to construct the equivalent functional

block diagram for the four types of latches and flip flops namely SR, D, JK and T. After doing so,

we have analyzed its functional behavior, simulate the behavioral model and interpret its

output in the essay form.

We were introduced with the SR latch in which when the S input is high then the next

state will be set while when R input is high then it will trigger the next state to reset. But when

both S and R inputs are set to high then there would be a racing condition in which the next

state would be unpredictable as only one input is needed for the next state to trigger. On the

other hand, the D-latch only stores the input signal to the next state regardless of the present

state. The JK flip flop works like the SR latch with input J as set and input K as reset. When one

of the input is high, then the next state will be 1 and 0 or 0 and 1, respectively. If neither is high,

then the present state would be the next state and if both inputs are high then it complements

the present state to be the next state. Meanwhile, the T-flip flop toggles the present state to

the next to which when the input is 0, then the present state would retain as the next state

whereas if its input is 1, then the next state would be the complement of the present state.
Conclusion

In conclusion, we have learned that both latches and flip-flops can store data, but

latches are level triggered meaning that the output of the present state and the input of the

next state depends on the level that is binary input 1 or 0 while flip-flops are edge triggered

meaning that the output and the next state input changes when there is a change in clock

pulse. Both latches and flip flops are circuit elements wherein the output not only depends on

the current inputs but also depends on the previous input and outputs.

On the previous experiment, we have learned about the gates and that they are made

directly from transistors while latches can be built from gates and flip-flops can be built from

latches. During the experiment, we have compared the characteristics of latches and flip flops

to one another. For example, the main difference between a SR latch and a SR flip flop is that a

latch is asynchronous, and the outputs can change as soon as the inputs do while a flip flop is

edge-triggered meaning that it will only change state when a control signal goes from high to

low or low to high. Simply put that if we connect a clock source to the latch then it will become

a flip flop.