CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Introduction

Throughout the years, technology has revolutionized human beings way of living. Many

technologies have been invented to us, from business, transportation, teaching, and most

importantly, the way of communication. The way of communication had slowly improved into

modern medium. One of the things that the technology invested to us is the application called

Facebook or FB which is created by Mark Zuckerberg. This application called Facebook can

help you to do many things, from buying, selling, gathering information, but the main purpose of

this application is for communication. This application can help people to communicate with one

another without seeing each other face-to-face in a way of chat. As time pass by the users of

Facebook is growing as well as the improvement of the Facebook. Now, one of the

improvements of the Facebook is its video call where two people who are communicating with

one another can see visually the other person through Facebook using a camera of a gadget.

Facebook is increasingly the interest of entrepreneurs because more and more people now

are tied to the Facebook because Facebook entered to our daily life. Many of teenager’s now

even adults are spending more in time using Facebook than doing necessary things.

Facebook users may act very different from how they would in real world. It is possible

to create completely new identities for yourself in Facebook without the limitation of the real

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world. Facebook users profile offer an interesting insights into who they are, and even more

importantly how they would like to be seen by others.

In this generation of technology invasion, Facebook had entered the lives of many

people. It had been used as a tool for various purposes. Since many people had been using it, the

researcher viewed the importance of the study because using Facebook might cause negative

effects to its users.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study tries to investigate the effects of Facebook usage among Grade 12 Senior High

students from the Mindanao State University of Marawi City. Specifically, this study will seek to

answer the following questions.

1. What are the demographic profiles of the respondents?

2. What are the concepts of Facebook usage among respondents?

3. How long do the respondets spent their time in using Facebook in

a. A day?

b. A week?

c. A month?

4. What is the effect of Facebook usage among respondents their academic performances?

5. What are the recommendations can be drawn from this study?

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

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 In this study, there are two specific variables which are identified to conduct of this research

study. These are the demographic profile of the respondents and the concept of the respondents

in Facebook usage and how they affect their academic performance. Figure below will show the

relationship between the two variables.

Respondents concept of Facebook usage

Number of hours spent in using Facebook in
Demographic Profile of a day, week, month
the Respondents Effect of Facebook usage to their academic
performance

Recommendations

Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of the Conceptual Framework of the Study

Significance of the study

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 The investigate/ search of this study described the effects of Facebook usage in students’

academic performance for Grade 12 STEM. It refer to the sufficient information in some effects

in using Facebook of the students and their behavior change. The results of the study will be

great benefit to the following:

Students/ Facebook users. Facebook is one of the technology that becomes existence in

this generation. This study can help students to find and be inform about some effects of the

Facebook they used.

Parents, As one of the guider to their children, the result of the study helped the parents to

evaluate the effects of Facebook to understand more their children and protect them from the

negative effects in using Facebook.

Teachers/ Educators. This study helped them to understand their students and to provide

early solutions for the preventations of various effects brought by the Facebook.

Future Researchers. Researchers who are interested help this study a lot to give them

guide and references to their studies.

Scope and Limitations

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 This study will be conducted in MSU- MARAWI SENIOR HIGH. It focuses on

investigating some various effects in using Facebook to the student in STEM from Grade 12 at

the Senior High school of Mindanao State University Marawi City enrolled on 2019-2020. The

respondents will receive a survey checklist and 5 of them will selected to interview with series of

questions with a researcher- constructed interview guide.

Definition of the Term

The following terms are defined for an easy understanding of the readers.

Academic Performance- or "academic achievement" is the extent to which a student,

teacher or institution has attained their short or long-term educational goals. Completion of

educational benchmarks such as secondary school diplomas and bachelor's degrees represent

academic achievement. Academic achievement is commonly measured through examinations or

continuous assessments but there is no general agreement on how it is best evaluated or which

aspects are most important—procedural knowledge such as skills or declarative knowledge such

as facts.

(https://en.m.wikipedia.org › wiki › Acad...)

Facebook -is defined as an online social networking website where people can create

profiles, share information such as photos and quotes about themselves, and respond or link to

the information posted by others. (https://www.yourdictionary.com › facebo...)

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 Senior High School – refers to the last two years of the K to 12 program that has been

implemented by the Department of Education here in the Philippines since 2012 – namely,

grades 11 and 12. Students are now required to choose their preferred senior high strands upon

their entrance and to begin studying the subjects that are going to introduce them to the career

path that they want to take. (https://www.enderuncolleges.com › senio...)

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter discusses the review of related literature and related studies that are relevant

in this study.

Related Literature

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Facebook

According to 2008 edition of the Collins English Dictionary, Facebook is, “a popular social

networking website”, and as a verb, meaning “to search for (a person’s profile) on the Facebook

website.” Facebook (www.Facebook.com) is a free-access social networking website that is

operated and privately owned by Facebook, Inc. Users can join networks organized by city,

workplace, school, and region to connect and interact with other people. People can also add

friends and send them messages, and update their personal profile to notify friends about

themselves. Facebook gives the opportunity to chat with friends, upload photos or videos, share

anything, and create page or applications.

Facebook usage

Currently Facebook is used by many people to connect with their friends and relatives

around the globe (Brydolf, 2007). And the use of Facebook platforms has grown so fast that it

has even attracted the attention of university students; they are so engrossed in the sites that they

have almost completely forgotten about their academic work. University students are considered

victims of the social media sites more than any group of people as they negatively impact their

academic performance (Pasek & Hargittai, 2009). Students easily get tempted to use the various

social media platforms when trying to obtain learning materials online. In most cases,the

students end up spending almost all their times on the social media and forget about the course

materials they originally intended to look for Facebook usage encompasses both the simple use

of the platform and the extent of cognitive immersion into the site. Its use implies the presence of

individual users on the social website, time spent on this platform, frequent visits, and the nature
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of the activities performed. People from different age ranges interact and exchange content; they

share videos and pictures, discuss subjects, chat, publish advertisements for group events, or play

available applications. Younger generations (e.g., students) spend many hours up to 8 per day

surfing this socializing website. We presume that an extensive presence on Facebook and the

resulting increased levels of information flow management requirement engage students in these

tasks while they engaged in constant interactions and socialization, which prohibit them from

focusing appropriately on their academic tasks (Chen, et al., 2010).

Academic Performance

Academic Performance refers to how students deal with their studies and how they

complete different assignments given to them by their teachers. The popularity of the social

networking sites enlarged briskly in the last span. This is most likely due to the reason that every

person used it extensively to get worldwide access. These social networking sites such as Twitter

and Facebook have become a furious craze for everyone these days. Students are paying more

attention towards these social networking activities rather than utilizing this time for their studies

and this surely affects their academic performance. The destructive effects of these social

networking sites overweigh the progressive ones. These sites have caused some latent harm to

society. The students become preys of social networks more often than anyone else. This is

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because of the reason that when they are studying or probing their course materialonline, they get

attracted to these sites to kill the boredom in their study time, sidetracking their attention from

their work & they forget why they are using internet. LaRose et al. (2001) proposed that student

users are affected by the internet and this impact is determined by the type of internet usage. The

misuse of these sites on a daily basis has many destructive effects on the physical and mental

health of students making them sluggish and unenthusiastic to build interaction with the people

in real life.

Academic Performance Problems

Recent literature found that leisurely Internet use is strongly correlated with weakened

academic performance (Kubey, Lavin, & Barrows, 2001). Kubey, Lavin, and Barrows (2001)

found that students who spent five times more hours online reported schoolwork problems. In the

Kubey et al (2001) study, 10-15% of the student participants felt their Internet visits were out of

control. Although this study did not mention Facebook specifically, the researchers did mention

that the captive social opportunities of the Internet appeared to be the culprit of the schoolwork

problems (Kubey et. al, 2001). In addition, Vanden Boogart (2006) discovered that excessive

Facebook use was found among students with lower GPAs.

Related Study

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 A study whose purpose was to detect the using pattern, advantages, disadvantages and

effects Facebook on their daily life conducted by Md. Belal Hossain entitled "Social Networking

Experiences on Facebook: A Study on the Students’ of Comilla University." This study was to

identify the students’ experiences on the uses of their favourite social networking site like

Facebook. A survey was conducted on one hundred ninety (190) students’ from the six

facultiesof the Comilla University. This study was based on mainly primary data. Data were

collected by using a questionnaire during July to October, 2016. Majority of the respondents

(67%) replied that they used Facebook for communication with their friends and others, getting

information, educational purpose, sending birthday greetings, job purpose and entertainment etc.

This study also suggested that there is a need for higher education policy makers in Bangladesh

to properly connect the students’ involvement in social networking to their academic purposes.

Another study which was published on 2012 by Ul Haq & Chand investigated the usage

and popularity of famous social media network (Facebook) among university students with

special focus on the gender based comparison and the impact of the selected social medium on

their academic performance. The two researchers evaluate the pattern and frequency of Facebook

use among university students while focusing gender that majority of the users (61%) agree that

this social medium has adverse effects on their academic performance. Further analysis reveals

that among these 61%, majority of the respondents were male. In addition to adverse effects of

Facebook on academic performance, there was also an opinion that use of Facebook makes it

hard for them to perform the best on their career performance. However the researcher feels that

the later opinion is not very clear and established and needs further investigation. These research

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analysis s hows that using social media especially in terms of using Facebook is equally popular

among male and female student of the university under study. The researchers evaluate that

majority of the users agree that these social medium has adverse effects on their academic

performance. These study related in our study in the way of investigating about the effects of

social media on their academic achievements among students. They are both undertaking

through analyzing a random sample of respondents.

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research design

This study used the correlation research design. It is a type of research that shows

relationships or connectedness of two factors, circumstances, or agents called variables that

affect the research. It is only concerned in indicating the existence of the development of such

relationship. This study attempts to explain the impact of using Facebook of Mindanao State

University Senior High School stem students to their academic performance.

Research Respondent

In this study, the respondents are the Grade 12 Senior High School Student STEM

Academic Track during the Academic Year 2019-2020. Their will be 30 STEM students that will

be selected in answering the questionnaire. While in the interview, 5 of the students will be

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selected by the researcher. And the 5 students should be able correspond and meet the objectives

of the study.

Research Instrument

The instrument used was a made questionnaire checklist to gather the needed data for the

students’s profile. The questions are connected with the topic of the study that will help in

gathering information and data from the repondents. And for the interview the researcher

prepared 5-10 questions that are connected with the study.

The questionnaire will help in gathering information because it consist questions that will

be answered by the respondents. A questionnaire is a big help in doing the research because you

can gather information that will be useful and a big help to your study. For instance, statement

describing the situations or issues pertaining toned down to accomodate the knowledge

preparedness of the respondents.Open-ended options were provide tp accomodate to free

formatted views related to the topics or issues.

The interview will be guide in gathering data in a conversation way where the researcher

will ask some questions that covers the study.

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Data Collection Procedure

In order to avoid biases in conducting the collection of data needed for the study, the

researchers follow protocol in gathering the procedure so as to observe the generally accepted

scientific methods in conducting qualitative research.

The ethical standard in engaging research will be carefully observed. The researchers will

coordinate with the respective class adviser of the respondent and secure the approval from the

Director of the Marawi Senior High School to grant her permission to conduct the study

In order to obtain in-depth responses from the respondents, the researchers will show a

friendly approach to the respondents. The researchers will introduce their names and purpose of

the study. The researchers will inform the respondents that the information will be kept as

confidential. It will be informed that there will no leakage happened to his or her personal

information.

The researchers will record and take down notes of all their movements, behaviour and

expressions. After the interview the researchers will show gratitude and will say thank you to the

respondents for the time and sharing their information. Below will show the details data

gathering procedure

Administering questionnaires such as demographic profile of the respondents and the

Facebook usage. Retrieve the questionnaires, tally and convert to percent. After the tally, the

researchers will choose 5 from the respondents using purposive sampling since a large number of

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respondents are not necessary in qualitative study. The chosen 5 respondents will undergo

individual interviews regarding their answers from the questionnaires particularly the Facebook

usage. Interview is either: structured, unstructured or semi-structured. After individual interview,

it will follow a focus group discussion with the chosen 5 respondents to share their individual

opinions about Facebook usage and the effect on their academic performance. Conducting a

repeat interview with the respondents if necessary. After data collection, the researchers proceed

to data analysis.

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