Division by 10 and 100 and 1000

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Division by 10 and 100 and 1000 are explained here step by step. We know the following facts
regarding division process:

1.  (i)  When any number is divided by 1, the quotient is the number itself.

(a) 7 ÷ 1 = 7

(b) 53 ÷ 1 = 53

(c) 275 ÷ 1 = 275

(ii) When a number (except 0) is divided by itself, the quotient is 1.

(a) 7 ÷7 = 1

(b) 53 ÷ 53 = 1

(c) 275 ÷ 275 = 1

(iii)  When zero (0) is divided by any number, the quotient is zero (0), but no number can be
divided by zero (0). 

(a) 0 ÷ 8 = 0, 0/8 = 0, 0 ÷ 115 = 0, 0/115 = 0

(b) 0 ÷ 0 has no meaning, 10 ÷ 0 has no meaning, 15 ÷ 0 has no meaning.

2. When a number is divided by 10, the digits, except the digit at the one's place, make the
quotient and the digit at one's place becomes the remainder.

As for example:
(i) 48 ÷ 10

Quotient = 4 Remainder = 8
(ii) 76 ÷ 10

Quotient = 7 Remainder = 6

(iii) 492 ÷ 10

Quotient = 49 Remainder = 2

(iv) 178 ÷ 10

Quotient = 17 Remainder = 8

(v) 569 ÷ 10

Quotient = 56 Remainder = 9
(vi) 4183 ÷ 10

Quotient = 418 Remainder = 3

Thus, when a. number is divided by 10, the remainder is always the digit of the unit place and
the quotient is the number made by the remaining digits.

Therefore, notice that on dividing by 10, the digit in the ONES place forms the remainder, while
the remaining digits form the quotient.

3. When a number is divided by 100, the quotient is the number made by the digits, except
the digits at one's and ten's places. The number formed by ten's and one's digit of the
dividend number is the remainder. 

As for example: 

(i) 476 ÷ 100

Will give quotient 4 remainder 76 

(ii) 3479 ÷ 100 

Will give quotient 34 remainder 79 

The number of digits in the remainder is equal to the number of zeros in the divisor. 

(iii) 527 ÷ 100

Quotient = 5 Remainder = 27
(iv) 609 ÷ 100

Quotient = 6 Remainder = 9

(v) 7635 ÷ 100

Quotient = 76 Remainder = 35

(vi) 7635 ÷ 100

Quotient = 30 Remainder = 79

Thus, when the dividend number is divided by 100, the extreme right two digits form the
remainder and the rest of the digits form the quotient.

Therefore, when we divide by 100, the two digits in the ONES and the TENS place form the
remainder while the remaining digits form the quotient.

4. Following this method, when we divide by 1000, the remainder will have 3 digits.

When a number is divided by 1000, the quotient is the number made of the digits except the
digits at one's, ten's and hundred's place. The number formed by these three digits is the
remainder.
As for example:

(i) 1379 ÷ 1000

Will give quotient 1 remainder 379

(ii)45362 ÷ 1000
Will give quotient 45 remainder 362

The 3 digits in the ONES, TENS, HUNDREDS places form the remainder.

(iii) 3851 ÷ 1000

Quotient = 3 Remainder = 851

(iv) 9874 ÷ 1000

Quotient = 9 Remainder = 874

(v) 35786 ÷ 1000

Quotient = 35 Remainder = 786

Thus, when the dividend number is divided by 1000, the extreme right three digits form the
remainder and the rest digit/digits form the quotient.
GUIDED PRACTICE

10 910 100 2710 1000 78330

THINK AND ANSWER

10 4 41 10 6220 10 91640

100 5570 100 24091 100 610954

1000 780259 1000 9016730 1000 50023418

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