1

QUESTION 1

For the given geometry find the hydraulic diameter when the fluid flows through the shaded
(hatched) portion.
Also determine the type of flow for water (at 20°C) flowing at a velocity of 0,35 m/s.

[8]

QUESTION 2

2.1 From first principals find the equation which expresses the velocity profile for laminar
flow condition between two flat surfaces. (5)
2.2 Also determine the equations for maximum and mean velocity of flow. (2)
2.3 A dash post consists of a cylinder 73 mm diameter in which slides a piston 100 mm long
having a diameter of 70mm. The cylinder is filled with oil (SAE10) @ 38°C. Calculate
the piston velocity when acted upon by a 180 N load. (7)
F = 180 N

100
Ø70

Ø 73

[14]
 2

QUESTION 3

A new cast iron pipe 1520 m long and 250 mm in diameter, is connected to a water reservoir
below the free surface. A nozzle having a head loss coefficient (k) of 0,11 is fitted to the end of
the pipe and discharges a jet 64 mm in diameter and 79 m below the free surface of the reservoir.
If entry to the pipe is sharp cornered (k = 0), find:

3.1. The flow rate through the pipe. (15)

3.2. The static pressure head at entry to the nozzle. (3)
[18]

QUESTION 4

Power is delivered through four horizontal hydraulic pipelines, 12 km long and 160 mm in
diameter. The pipes are laid side by side, and the hydraulic fluid is water (20°C). If power is
delivered from a power station to a factory, what power is delivered if the power-station pressure
is 7 MPa and the transmission efficiency is 94,5 % ? What is the maximum power that it is
possible to transmit? Assume fdarcy = 0,008 for all pipes.
[11]

QUESTION 5

The power P, to operate a test tunnel, is a function of the density () the dynamic viscosity ()
and the velocity (v) of the fluid as well as a linear dimension (L) of the tunnel.

Determine, by dimensional analysis, the equation to calculate P [10]

TIME = 120 Min (2 Hours) TOTAL = 60 Marks (100%)