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Chapter 3 – Factors and Multiples

EX – 3.1

Q.B – Find the prime factors.

1) 36 4) 91 5) 112

36 = 2X2X3X3 91 = 7X13 112 = 2X2X2X2X7

Prime factors – 2, 3 Prime factors – 7, 13 Prime factors – 2, 7

Q.C – Construct factor tree for:

2) 72 3) 96

72 96

2 36 2 48

2 18 2 24

2 9 2 12

3 3 2 6

72 = 2x2x2x3x3 2 3

Prime factors – 2, 3 96 = 2x2x2x2x2x3

Prime factors – 2, 3

Ex – 3.2

Q.A) Find the HCF by finding all factors.

4) 14, 21, 28

Factors of –

14 – 1, 2, 7, 14

21 – 1, 3, 7, 21

28 – 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 28

Common Factors – 1, 7

HCF = 7
5) 45, 65, 75

Factors of –

45 – 1, 3, 5, 9, 15, 45

65 – 1, 5, 13, 65

75 – 1, 3, 5, 15, 25, 75

Common Factors – 1, 5

HCF = 5

6) 22, 33, 44

Factors of -

22 – 1, 2, 11, 22

33 – 1, 3, 11, 33

44 – 1, 2, 4, 11, 22, 44

Common Factors – 1, 11

HCF = 11

Q .B) Find the HCF by the prime factorization method.

6) 12, 48, 72

12 = 2 X 2 X 3 HCF = 2 X 2 X 3

48 = 2 X 2 X 2 X 2 X 3 = 12

72 = 2 X 2 X 2 X 3 X 3

7) 42, 63, 84

42 = 2 X 3 X 7 HCF = 3 X 7
63 = 3 X 3 X 7 = 21

84 = 2 X 2 X 3 X 7

8) 24, 72, 90

24 = 2 X 2 X 2 X 3 HCF = 2 X 3

72 = 2 X 2 X 2 X 3 X 3 =6

90 = 2 X 3 X 3 X 5

Q.C Find the HCF by the Continued Division Method.

2) 490, 540 3) 612, 522

HCF - 10 HCF - 18

5)108, 144, 60

HCF - 12
6) 106, 192, 96

HCF – 2

Ex – 3.3

Q.A Find the LCM by the prime factorization method.

2) 21, 28 3) 30, 45

21 = 3 X 7 30 = 2X3X5

28 = 2 X 2 X 7 45 = 3X3X5

LCM = 2X2X3X7=84 LCM = 2X3X3X5 = 90

Q .B Find the LCM by the division method.

1) 42, 56 9) 105, 70

LCM = 2X2X2X3X7 = 168 LCM = 2X3X5X7= 210

10) 85, 51 11) 18, 24, 32

LCM = 3 X 5 X 17 LCM = 2 X 2 X 2 X 2 X2X3 X 3

= 255 =288

14)75, 90, 125 15) 93, 62,120

LCM = 2 X 3 X 3 X 5 X 5 X 5 LCM = 2 X 2 X 2 X 3 X 5 X 31

= 2250 = 3720

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