Organizational Behavior 1.

1/2020/Final

Learning
Learning means any relative permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of
experience.
It means that we have got learned lot of things. But all of things did not changed us. That is not
giving any impact on our behavioral aspects which does not change our behavior. This is not called
learning for us. It may be learning for other persons. For example, a person wants to learn cycling.
If he does not practice it, he can’t learn it by seeing someone’s cycling. If he practices it
continually, it will change his behavior. Then it is called learning.
Changes must be permanent, otherwise we will go back to previous position or behavior. Changes
in body, mind, behavior which is fixed as known learning.
✓ Characteristics of Learning:
1. Leaning involves change either it is good or bad.
2. Change must become ingrained/deep seated/fixed (Immediate change may not be learning.)
3. Some form of experience is necessary for learning.

❖ Three Models of Learning / Process of Learning

Three theories explain the process of learning:
1. Classical Condition: A type of conditioning in which an individual responds to some
stimulus that would not ordinarily produce such a response. For example, some learning
can come from sophisticated issue, like, if a VIP comes in our organization, then our
behavior will be changed. We will decorate our organization with beautiful items,
employees will dress-up well. That’s might be a learning that happens occasionally, which
is different from ordinary days. It is called classical condition.
2. Operation Condition: People learn to behave to get something they want or to avoid
something they don’t want. For example, I know in which way I can say a rickshaw-puller
to go a destination. It is a learning in which way I can get something. It is mainly connected
with contemporary issues that something is occurred with us and we have got learning.
Getting instance response from teacher to know the marks of exam paper is also a learning.
3. Social Learning: Individual can learn by observing what happens to other people and just
by being told about something as well as through direct. It is mainly happening from our
parents, teacher. It is the most important thing that happens in our life. We can have this
impact on our behavior. For example, my father has lots of money. So why do I need to do
study? I can easily lead my life with my father’s money! That is a learning that is engraving
in our mind. It can badly impact on our organization.

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Organizational Behavior 1.1/2020/Final

❖ Learning as Managerial Tool / Method of Shaping Behavior

How we are shaping our behavior is called management tool.
1. Come with positive result. Positive or Negative Reinforcement
- Positive Reinforcement: If teacher asks a question to that student who already knowns
the answer, he (student) will be praised after giving answer to teacher. By seeing it,
other students want to be like him to get praised.
- Negative Reinforcement: If lecture asks a question to that student who does not know
the answer and lecture knows it well. There are some organization where we can’t
maintain negative reinforcement, it may difficult.
2. Weaken Behavior
- Punishment: 2 days suspension.
- Extinction: Avoiding in class who raise their hand.
We have to understand time as well as situation. We have to make a combination with
continuous and intermittent. Sometimes we may praise and sometimes we may punish.

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