Name Kartika Sinaga (17120112)

Lusiana Damanik (17120113)

Martha Siahaan (17120114)
Putri Nainggolan (17120115)
Desy Natalia Sinurat (17120116)

Subject : Translation Of English To Indonesia

Group :C

Lecture : Dr. Bloner Sinurat M,Hum

DEFINITION OF TRANSLATION ACCORDING TO EXPERTS

 According to Brislin (1976: 1) translation is a general term referring to the transfer of

thoughts and ideas from one language to another, whether the language is in written or
oral form, whether the languages have established orthographies or not; or whether one or
both languages is based on signs, as with signs of the deaf.
 Another expert, Wilss (1982: 3), states that translation is a transfer process which aims at
the transformation of a written source language text (SLT) into an optimally equivalent
target language text (TLT), and which requires the syntactic, the semantic, and the
pragmatic understanding and analytical processing of the source text. Syntactic
understanding is related to style and meaning. Understanding of semantics is meaning
related activity. Finally, pragmatic understanding is related to the message or implication
of a sentence. This definition does not states what is transferred. Rather, it states the
requirement of the process.
 Nida and Taber (1982: 12) see translating as a process of reproducing in the receptor
language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of
meaning and secondly in terms of style. In other words, translation is a transfer of
 meaning, message, and style from one SLT to the TLT. In the order of priority, style is
put the last. Here the things to reproduce (transfer) is stated, message.
 Newmark (1991: 27) defines the act of translating very briefly. It is the act of transferring
meaning of a stretch or a unit of language, the whole or a part, from one language to
another. (The discussion on meaning can be seen at sub-point F. Meaning, Message, and
Style.)
 Larson (1984:1) states that translation consists of studying the lexicon, grammatical
structure, communication situation, and cultural context of the SL text, analyzing it in
order to determine its meaning, then reconstructing the same meaning using the lexicon
and grammatical structure which appropriate in the RL and its cultural context. Larson
also says that translation has three steps; they are studying the source text, analyzing it
and reconstructing the meaning.

Similar And Difference

a. Similar
 experts say that translation itself is a creative process which always gives freedom
or choice to the translator with a few possible closest equivalents in generating
situational meaning.
 as a change of form from BSu into the recipient language (BPa) where the
meaning must be maintained to remain the same.
 the transfer of thoughts and ideas from BSa into BSu, both oral and written
languages, whether that language has orthography (written system or not, whether
it is sign language for deaf people or not.

b. Difference
Experts say that the translation can experience different meanings or meanings,
according to the understanding of each expert. In essence, translation does not always
have an accurate similarity and can change according to everyone's perspective and how
they define it.
Aspect

 referring to the transfer of thoughts and ideas from one language to another
 transfer process which aims at the transformation of a written source language text (SLT)
into an optimally equivalent target language text (TLT), and which requires the syntactic,
the semantic, and the pragmatic understanding and analytical processing of the source
text.
 the act of transferring meaning of a stretch or a unit of language, the whole or a part, from
one language to another.
 translation consists of studying the lexicon, grammatical structure, communication
situation, and cultural context of the SL text, analyzing it in order to determine its
meaning, then reconstructing the same meaning using the lexicon and grammatical
structure which appropriate in the RL and its cultural context.