DSL

Standards
Update

peter.macaulay@ZDSL.com

DSL1-1

DSL Tutorial

Presenter:
Peter Macaulay is an independent consultant providing training
and consulting on DSL, VoDSL and VoIP.

Presented by:
Peter Macaulay mailto:peter.macaulay@ZDSL.com
East by North, Inc.
11654 Plaza America Drive #142
Reston, VA 20190
Tel: 1-902-454-6878
Fax: 1-902-454-5226

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DSL
Tutorial

Objectives
• What is DSL
• How DSL works
• What are the issues in working with DSL
• Where are the business opportunities

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DSL in Norway (i.e. Worldwide)

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 DSL in the World
• DSL is growing …
– North American DSL by 1Q2001 = 3.5 Million lines
– Canada with 10% by population has 16% of the lines = 590,351
– USA reached 2,914,003 by 1Q2001 (end of March)
– Korea reached 3 Million lines by the start of 2001

• Within USA …
– ILEC (Incumbent Local Exchange Carriers ) = 83%
• < i.e. BellSouth>)
– CLEC (Competitive Local Exchange Carriers) = 16%
• < i.e.Covad>
– IXC (Inter Exchange Carriers) = 1%
• <i.e. AT&T>

• Source: TeleChoice http://www.telechoice.com

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Digital Subscriber Line

DSL Terms uses the existing copper
local loops

Telephone

PC Telephone
Network

Telephone Workstation
Plain Old Telephone Service
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 DSL + Voice = G.711 PCM (64 kbps DS0)

POTS (2000m analog) VoDSL (20m analog) VoIP (2m analog)

GW ATM / IP
PSTN

L6
SW DSLAM
2-wire
Tip + Ring
2000 m
2m
L2, L3, L4, L5

Integrated
Access
L1
Device
PC PC
20 m
DSL1-7

Copper 2-wire
Digital CO Splitter
DSL Wiring Subscriber
Line

DSL
PC PSTN
modem
HQ
or
POTS DSLAM ISP
ATM
or FR
NID

CPE Splitter Customer Central Office Network

Premises (see NOTE) Service Provider

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 Master
CPE Wiring Splitter

• Customer Premises Equipment (CPE)

• Inside Wiring (IW)
• Network Interface Device (NID)
LINE
1) Master Splitter
PHONE
– Requires a carrier truck roll
2) True Splitterless
– No truck roll, user connects just like an analog modem
3) Splitterless with microfilters
– No truck roll, user connects just like an analog modem
– User adds microfilters at each telephone

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CPE Splitter
• Demarcation (demarc)
• Network Interface Device (NID)
• Splitter
a) Master splitter in the NID
b) Inline filter (microfilter)

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 Microfilter

• ANSI T1E1.4 standard

• http://www.pulseeng.com/
• Example: DSL Rocket by Pulse
• Also: Suttle, Excelsus, 2Wire, Corning/Siecor
• Microfilter placed in front of each telephone
• Microfilter gives clear voice quality, caller ID, call waiting
• Microfilter allows for user self install of the DSL modem
• 70% self install being reported by several telcos

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DSL Copper Installation P1 P2 P3

• Dedicated Pair (P1+P2)

– Data only
– Separate pair for voice
– 2xRJ11 or 1xRJ14C
– i.e. SDSL, SDSL2, IDSL
– Watch for “copper exhaustion”

• Line Sharing Pair (P3)

– Voice and Data
– 1xRJ11
– i.e. ADSL, some SHDSL
– FCC ruling allows two vendors to share one pair

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 CPE DSL Modem

• ITeX SAM (Scalable ADSL Modem) in software

– needs Pentium II or III above 266MHz
– uses small analog interface card for ADSL + V.90
• Paradyne HotWire 5446 ADSL
– RJ11 DSL input, RJ45 Ethernet output

• a.k.a. ATU-R (ADSL Transceiver Unit - Remote)

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Typical CPE Modem

Example:
Cisco 678

• ADSL PHY
• ADSL AFE
• Ethernet
• Power
• RAM
• Communications Processor (TI, Motorola, Virata) DSL1-14
CPE DSL to External USB Modem

• USB = Universal Serial Bus

• USB provides power to modem
• Connection RJ11 (DSL) into modem, USB to single PC

See:
http://www.alcateldsl.com/

See also: Creative, Digicom

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CPE DSL to Internal PCI Modem

• PCI = Peripheral Component Interconnect

• PCI Local Bus Specification (www.pcisig.com)
• Requires a truck roll (site visit) to install PCI card
• Lower cost solution

• Examples:
– http://www.askey.com/
– http://www.3com.com/

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CPE DSL External Router

• Router with optional integrated Ethernet hub

• 1 x RJ45 DSL input
• 4 x RJ45 10BaseT Ethernet
• 3Com, Shark, Aztech, Askey, …

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CPE DSL Gateway

• Residential Gateway
• Provides …
– Sharing of a high speed DSL line
– LAN interface (Ethernet hub, USB, HomePNA)
– Optional wireless support IEEE 802.11b, HomeRF
– Optional firewall protection
– DHCP, NAT support

• Examples;
– http://www.2wire.com
– http://www.cayman.com DSL1-18
 DSL Central Office Equipment

OSP (Outside Plant) termination inside the CO

Cross
MDF Splitter Connect DSLAM
Optional

PSTN Data
Switch Network
OSP CO
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MDF (Main Distribution Frame)

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 CO Splitter

25-pair connectors
1) Loop
2) PSTN
3) DSL

Connectors:
Amphenol TM (by
Amphenol, Inc.) or
CHAMP TM (by AMP)

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DSLAM

• DSL Access Multiplexer

• DSLAM interfaces
– User: DSL
– Network: ATM, Ethernet
• Alcatel, Nortel, Lucent
• NEBS requirements

SpeedLink
Tower– D50
by Nokia

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• DSLAM has several ATU -C
 DSLAM Example

• Paradyne 8610 stackable DSLAM

– Low entry price
– Scaleable from 4 to 68 DSL lines
– Distributed campus applications

• Paradyne 8810
– Mounts in 19” rack or 23” telco frame
– Up to 576 DSL lines per 7’ cabinet
– Cards interchangeable with 8610

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DSL Config #1:

DSL Modem Configuration “True Splitterless”
Usually a single PC
End User Download @ 1.5 Mbps
Location 18,000’ copper

Point of
DSL Modem Demarcation HOST
CO
NID DSLAM High
general daa
tcom

Speed
DaatCom
Shefl

DSL Links
High Speed Data
“Dialup Over Voice ATM
DSL”
PSTN
300 users,
POTS
100 DSLAM
ports DSL1-24
 DSL Config #2:
DSL LAN Configuration “Master Splitter
or Inline filters”
End User Download @ 8.1 Mbps
Location 18,000’ copper
Master
Splitter
DSL Modem
CO HOST
& Router
DSLAM High
ciscoSystems Cisco 4000s e r i e s
general daa
Daa
tcom
tCom
Shefl

Speed
Links
DSL
High Speed Data SMS
Over Voice PSTN
ATM
POTS

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Inline Filter

DSL Config #3:

DLC based
DSL with DLC
Download @ 8.1 Mbps
DLC (Digital Loop Carrier) 18,000’ copper
RT (Remote Terminal) and miles of fiber

CO HOST
High
general daa
Daa
tcom
tCom
Shefl

Speed
DSLAM Links

SMS
PSTN
ATM
POTS
2-wire Copper
copper or
DSL Fiber DSL1-26
 DSL Config #4:
Remote DSLAM
Remote DSLAM Download @ 52 Mbps
1,000’ copper +
High Rise Building miles of fiber
Copper

CO HOST
High
general daa
Daa
tcom
tCom

Speed
DSLAM
Shefl

Links

SMS
PSTN
MTU=Multi Tenant Unit Fiber ATM
POTS
or
Radio
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DSL Configuration Summary

• Splitters
– True Splitterless (only with 3 or less phone sets)
– Master Splitter (requires telco truck roll)
– Inline Filters (most popular)

• CPE (PCI, USB, Router, Gateway, IAD, …)

• Configurations
– DSLAM in the CO with about 300 users:100 ports
– DSLAM in the CO with 1:1 users:ports=always on
– DSLAM in the DLC
– DSLAM in the building DSL1-28