With medical Treatment: Without Medical

treatment :
 Early detection and
diagnosis of case  Reactivation of
tubercle bacilli(due
 Multi-antibacterial to repeated
Therapy exposure to infected
individuals,
 TB DOTS
immunosuppression

Severe occurrence of
NO Recurrenc lesions in the lungs
reccurence e

Good Bad
Cavitation of the lungs occurs
Prognosis Prognosis

Active infection is spread

throughout the body
system(Activation of tubercle
bacilli in other organs)
LEGEND:
 TB of the BONES
 INFECTION
PROCESS  POTTS disease

 IMMUNOLOGI
Severe
C PROCESS
occurrence of
OF LUNGS
client becomes
and
clinically ill.
Treatment

 NOTES AND
EXPLANATIO
NS

 SYMPTOMS
PRESENTED
BY PATIENT
 As infection progresses in
which immune response
was not capable of
destroying it

Bronchopneumonia develops in
the lung tissue (Phagocytosed
tubercle bacilli are ingested by
macrophages)

Bacterial cell wall binds

with macrophages

Necrotic degeneration
occurs(production of cavities filled
with cheese like mass of tubercle
bacilli, dead WBC’s, necrotic lung

Drainage of necrotic materials into the

trachiobronchial tree(eruption of
coughing,formation of lesions ) Primary
infection

Lesions may calcify (Ghon’s

Complex ) and forms scars
and may heal over period of
time.

Tubercle bacilli immunity

develops(2-6 weeks after
infection). Maintains in the
body as long as living bacilli
remains in the body.

Acquired immunity leads to

further growth of bacilli and
devpt. Of active infection

Pulmonary: General:
Signs and Symptoms:
 Dyspnea (34-36  Anorexia
CPM)
 Vomitting
 productive cough
with yellowish  Weight loss
phlegm)
 Low grade fever
 Hemoptysis(blood with chills(39.6
tinged sputum) ‘C)

 Chest pain that

 Pathophysiology
Precipitating factors:
Predisposing factors:
 Reapeated
 Immunocompromi
contact with
zed(from previous
infected persons
illness)
 Part of low
 Systemic
income
infections:
Small population(lack of
DM, END STAGE airborne medical care)
RENAL DISEASE, Droplet
 Low Body weight
HIV/AIDS
(37 kg)
Mycobacteri
um  Living at Country
Tuberculosis

Inhallation
of
Bacteria in droplets particles Complement system
that bypass also performs
mucocilliary system Infectious droplet settle phagocytosis(Protein
and reach alveoli throughout airways and majority C3)
are trapped in the upper parts of
Rapidly surrounded the airway
Binds to cell wall and
and engulfed by
enhances recognition of
macrophages Subsequent
mycobacterium by
phagocytosis by
macrophages
macrophages

Successful control of NOTE: Bacterial cell

infection Outcome is division still
determined by active
quality of host
defense and
Progression of active
mycobacteria
disease(Primary
progressive TB)

Production of protolytic Arrest of

enzymes and cytokines by phagosome
macrophages in an attempt
to control bacteria Bacilli
replication
Cytokines attracts T DX: (+)
lymphocytes to the tuberculin
site(synthesized T skin test
cells)
Microorganisms continue
Constitutes to grow until cell-mediated
cell immune response is fully
mediated elicited
Immunity
Formation of
Limits replication granulomas around the
Spread Of M. Tuberculosis
mycobacteria organism