CA1 Module WK 1.edited 1 PDF

Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED
COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
• Learning Objectives: At the end of this segment CA 1 (Institutional Correction)

you should be able to:
Explain the historical background and development of Week 1

correction and
cite the changes introduced by the reformists in the field
of Correction.
• Topic: Historical Development of Correction
Read and re-read the following topic notes and answer the activities provided in this module.
Good day learner! It’s a wonderful day to start with the new trend in education, Active Learning!
This way you will be developed to learn by yourself, yes all by YOURSELF! Isn't it amazing?
So let’s start this fun and an exciting new way of learning! You can do it, future police officer!
Below is a timeline of the historical development of correction.
5th and 11th Century – the century of dark ages
• Excessive and brutal measures of social control imposed by the church.
13th Century – SECURING SANCTUARY
• A criminal could avoid punishment by claiming refugee in a church for

90 days
• At the end of which time has compelled to leave the realm by a road or
path assigned to him.
• In England at about 1468, torture as a form of punishment became
prevalent.
16th and 17th Century – the conceptualization of constructions of workhouse and

house of corrections.
• Transportation of criminals in England was authorized during the 16th

century.
• At the end of the century, Russia and other European countries followed
this system. It partially relieved the overcrowding of prisoners.
17th Century to late 18th Century
• Death penalty became prevalent as a form of punishment

• Gaols or jails were common. Galleys were also used
• These galleys are long, low, narrow, single decked ships propelled by
sails, usually vowed by criminals.
• Hulks – decrepit transport, former warships used to house prisoners in the
18th and 19th centuries. “The floating hell”, “the hell hole”.
• These were abandoned warships converted into prison as means of
relieving congestions of prisoners.
18TH century is a century of change; it is the period of recognizing human

dignity. It is the movement of reformation, the period of introduction of certain
reforms in the correctional field by a certain person.
• THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT
PIONEERS OF CHANGE
VOLTAIRE (Francois Marie Arouet)
William Penn
•He fought for •A French historian •He was the most

Charles Montesiquieu
religious freedom and philosopher versatile of all

and individual who analyzed law philosophers
rights. as an expression during this period.
•He is also of justice. •He believes that
responsible for the •He believe that fear of shame was
abolition of death harsh punishment a deterrent to
penalty and torture would undermine crime. He fought
as a form of morality and that the legality-
punishment.
appealing to sanctioned
•He is the first moral sentiments practice of
leader to prescribe as a better means torture.
imprisonment as of preventing
correctional crime.
treatment for major
offenders.
Jeremy Bnetham
John Howard
•The greatest leader
CeSare Beccaria
•He wrote “An •the sheriff of

Essay on Crimes and in the reform of Bedsfordshire in
Punishment”, the English Criminal law. 1773 who devoted
most exciting on • He believes that his life and fortune to
law during this whatever prison reform. After
century. It punishment designed his findings on
presented the to negate whatever English Prisons, he
humanistic goal of pleasure or gain the recommended the
law. criminal derives from following: single cells
crime, the crime rate for sleeping -
•He stated that would go down. segregation of
punishment should women - segregation
•devise the ultimate
be quick, certain, PANOPTICAN PRISON of youth - provision
and commensurate – a prison that of sanitation facilities
with the crime. consists of a large - abolition of fee
circular building system by which
containing multi cells jailers obtained
around the money from
periphery. It was prisoners.
never built.
THE REFORMATORY MOVEMENT

Further changes and certain reforms in the correctional field were made by the following:
1. Alexander Maconochie – He is the Superintendent of the penal colony at Norfolk Island in

Australia (1840) who introduced the "Mark System". A system in which a prisoner is required
to earn several marks based on proper department, labor, and study to entitle him for a ticket
for leave or conditional release which is similar to parole.
2. Manuel Montesimos – The Director of Prisons in Valencia Spain (1835) who divided the
number of prisoners into companies and appointed certain prisoners as petty officers in
charge, which allowed good behavior to prepare the convict for gradual release.
3. Domets of France – established an agricultural colony for delinquent boys in 1839

providing housefathers as in charge of these boys.
4. Sir Evelyn Ruggles Brise – The Director of the English Prison who opened the Borstal
Institution for young offenders. The Borstal Institution is considered as the best reform
institution for young offenders today.
5. Walter Crofton – He is the Director of the Irish Prison in 1854 who introduced the Irish
system that was modified from the Maconochie’s mark system.
6. Zebulon Brockway – The Director of the Elmira Reformatory in New York (1876) who
introduced certain innovational programs like the following: training school type - compulsory
education of prisoners - casework methods - extensive use of parole - indeterminate
sentence.
The only Roman

Jails, Pretrial place of
detention facilities confinement,
operated by the MAMERTIME PRISON
which was built
English sheriffs in under the main
England during sewer
the 18th of Rome in 64
century. B.C. by Ancus
Maritus.
It was operated in
The most popular 1934 and was closed
workhouse in on March 21, 1963
London, England, because it was too
BRIDEWELL which was built costly, an operation
WORKHOUSE for the estimated were that
employment and repairs alone would
house of English between $4.5
prisoners. million. It has 260
inmates.
Abandoned warship
that were converted Originally
to prisons as means constructed as a
of detention jail in
Philadelphia. It
relieving congestion was converted WALNUT
when transportation into STREET JAIL
HULKS system was
abandoned. Also a state prison and
called as FLOATING became the first
HELL OR HELL American
HOLES. penitentiary.
Long, low
Once known as the
HOUSE OF narrow, single-
HALFWAY TO HELL, decked ship
located in propelled by
Devonshire, sails and cars,
England, originally usually rowed
constructed to by
house French
prisoners. criminals.
GALLEYS
EARLY PRISONS
THE TWO RIVAL PRISON SYSTEMS IN THE HISTORY OF CORRECTION
The Auburn Prison System Pennsylvania Prison System
The prison system called the the prison system called “solitary
“congregate system” . system” .
Prisoners are confined in their own Prisoners are confined in single cells
cells during the night and congregate day and night where they lived, they
work in shops during the day. slept, they ate and receive religious
instructions.
• Self-Learning Activities
Done reading the topic notes? (Re-read it if you want to come up with a better output.)
The following activities will assess your learnings of this module. Let’s start, good luck!
Identify what is being asked, write your answer on the space provided.
_________________________________1. He gave importance on the reformation of an offender

through training and education.
_________________________________2. He devised a system where a prisoner will earn points or

marks for every good behavior which will later earn him a ticket for leave.
_________________________________3. The Director of prisons in Valencia Spain (1835).
_________________________________4. He introduced the Iris system which is a modification of

Maconochie’s system.
_________________________________5. It is considered as the best reform institution for young
offenders today.
_________________________________6. He is the Superintendent of the penal colony at Norfolk
Island in Australia (1840).
_________________________________7. He divided the prisoner into groups and assigned a prisoner
in charge.
_________________________________8. He is the director of Elmira reformatory in New York (1876)
who introduced certain innovational programs like case work and extensive use of parole.
_________________________________9. He opened a specialized at the small town of Borstal for

male offenders between ages 16-21.
________________________________10. He established an agricultural colony for delinquent boys in
1839 providing housefathers as in charge of these boys.
Great! That's for your warm-up, proceed now with the second learning evaluation. Compare the
system of managing prisoners between Auburn Prison and Pennsylvania Prison.
Advantage Disadvantage
Auburn Prison System

Pennsylvania Prison
System
Among the pioneers of change in correction, name at least two whom you think have the most
significant contribution in the development of correction. Justify your answer.
1.____________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
• Assignment: Define the following important terminologies. Write it on one whole sheet of
yellow paper, attach it in this module upon submission. ( if this is to be submitted in hard
copy)
1. Law enforcement 6. Penology

2. Prosecution 7. Penal Management
3. Court 8. Correctional Administration
4. Correction 9. Retaliation
5. Community 10. Punishment
• References:
Foronda, Mercedes A. Praxes and Prospects for Corrections in the Philippines

Foronda, Mercedes A. Correctional Administration (2007)
https://www.google.com/search?q=william+penn+image&tbm=isch&safe=active&chips
https://www.google.com/search?q=VOLTAIRE+(Francois+Marie+Arouet)+cartoon&tbm
https://www.google.com/search?q=Charles+Montesquieu&tbm=isch&hl=en&safe
https://www.google.com/search?q=cesare+beccaria+cartoon&tbm=isch&ved
https://www.google.com/search?q=jeremy+bentham+cartoon&tbm=isch&ved
https://www.google.com/search?q=john+howard+the+sheriff+cartoon&tbm
Prepared by:
MA. SALVACION P. COLLADO

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Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

• Learning Objectives: At the end of this segment CA 1 (Institutional Correction)

Explain the historical background and development of Week 1

• Topic: Historical Development of Correction

5th and 11th Century – the century of dark ages

• Excessive and brutal measures of social control imposed by the church.

13th Century – SECURING SANCTUARY

• A criminal could avoid punishment by claiming refugee in a church for

16th and 17th Century – the conceptualization of constructions of workhouse and

• Transportation of criminals in England was authorized during the 16th

17th Century to late 18th Century

• Death penalty became prevalent as a form of punishment

18TH century is a century of change; it is the period of recognizing human

• THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT

•He fought for •A French historian •He was the most

religious freedom and philosopher versatile of all

•He wrote “An •the sheriff of

THE REFORMATORY MOVEMENT

1. Alexander Maconochie – He is the Superintendent of the penal colony at Norfolk Island in

3. Domets of France – established an agricultural colony for delinquent boys in 1839

The only Roman

THE TWO RIVAL PRISON SYSTEMS IN THE HISTORY OF CORRECTION

The Auburn Prison System Pennsylvania Prison System

_________________________________1. He gave importance on the reformation of an offender

_________________________________2. He devised a system where a prisoner will earn points or

_________________________________3. The Director of prisons in Valencia Spain (1835).

_________________________________4. He introduced the Iris system which is a modification of

_________________________________9. He opened a specialized at the small town of Borstal for

Auburn Prison System

1. Law enforcement 6. Penology

Foronda, Mercedes A. Praxes and Prospects for Corrections in the Philippines

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