5/12/18

60-hours Professional Training Session

Sustainable Textile Compliance Management System
6th Session on: Second Part

Risk Management
(Hazard identification, Assessment, Evaluation&
Treatment ) Instance: Textile-Garment Industry

A A A Control
Textile Training & Advising

For Details: 01718421625

Training Outlines & Outcomes

Introduction to Hazards, Risk, Risk Assessment, Risk Control
Training Outlines

Purposes of Risk Analysis and Risk Control

Terminology associated with Risk Analysis
Hazard Identification and its related potential Risks
Risk measurements and its Control measures
Training Outcomes

After completion of this course, participant will be able to:

ü Recognize HAZARS and RISKS
ü Know-how on Risk Analysis.
ü Do Risk based thinking before implementation of any action
ü Competent www.aaa-control.com
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Facts on H&S

Manual tasks
Accidents and ill Remember hazards
The cost to workers accounts for 42% of
health at work can all lost time injuries have to be controlled
ruin lives and affect and their families is – you can’t ignore
incalculable and diseases in
business industry them

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At site worker shall be:

Socially well

Physically fit

Mentally well
Healthy

A Healthy and safe worker is more productive

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The potential to harm The possibility that harm in certain

people; such as Gasoline is circumstances.
flammable Risk is a function of Hazard x
Exposure

Hazard Materials Risk

Aspect (Chemical) Impact

Element of activity, product or Change which takes place in

service which can have a the environment as a result
beneficial (+) or adverse (-) effect of the aspect, either positive
on the environment or negative

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Avoiding injuries
Improve workers’ attendance, efficacy

WHY HIRA

Increased productivity

Avoiding costly, time

consuming, stressful
and inconvenient
incidents
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Training Cost

Equipment Cost

Supervision Cost
Administration Cost
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Lets Identify Hazards

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Lets Understand Hazards

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ISO 31000:2009 Risk Assessment

Risk Assessment: Quantitative, Qualitative
overall process of risk
identification , risk analysis and Risk Assessment
risk evaluation
Risk Identification
Risk Identification: Source of Risk, Procedures, SWOT,
process of finding, recognizing Analysis process, records,
experience, brainstorming, system Risk Analysis
and describing risks analysis and scenario analysis,
Risk Analysis: Checklist, audit
process to comprehend the nature of 1. Chemical wise Risk Evaluation
risk and to determine the level of risk 2. Area wise
Risk Evaluation: Risk treatment
process of comparing the results of risk
analysis with risk criteria to determine
whether the risk and/or its magnitude is
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Steps in controlling OHS hazards and risks

Source of Risk, Procedures, SWOT,

Analysis process, records,
experience, brainstorming, system
Step 1 analysis and scenario analysis,
Step 2 Checklist, audit
Identify hazard
Assess Risks
1.Area wise
2. Machine wise
3. Activities wise
Step 3
Step 4
Risks Evaluation
Risks Treatment

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Terminology in Risk Analysis

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Wheels of Garments Industry

Finishing

Spreading
& Cutting

Sewing

Sorting,
bundling
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Hazards

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When identifying the hazards consider the following:

ü Is there a source of harm?
ü Who or what could be harmed?
ü How could harm occur?
Hazard Identification

• Comparative Methods. e.g. checklists ISO/IEC 31010:2009. ...

and audits. Brainstorming. ...
Interviews. ...
• Failure Logic: e.g. Fault Trees, Event Checklists. ...
Trees & Cause- Consequence diagrams Structured “What-if” Technique (SWIFT) ...
Scenario Analysis. ...
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Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) ... 16
Bow Tie Analysis

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Step 1: Types of Hazards

Hazard
Category

Psychologic
Biological Chemical Ergonomic Physical Mechanical Electrical
al
Bacteria Adhesive repetitive Radiation Work stress Inadequate Exposed
Virus Diesel movement Heat and cold Long working machine guard electrical parts
Insects Acid manual stress hours Equipment Overloaded
Plants handling Vibration Violence, malfunctions/brea circuits
birds workplace/job/ Noise kdown Defective
Animal task design, insulation
Human uncomfortable Overhead power
workstation lines
height
poor body
positioning

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Types of Hazard

§ Noise § Continuous work § Short circuit happens

§ Personal problems
§ Fire § Improper work station § Financial problems
§ Temperature

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Step 1: Identify Hazards

Ask your
employees
Walk around or their
representati Remember
your to think
workplace ves what Check
they think. Go through about long-
and MSDS for term
determine They may chemicals accident and
have noticed ill records to hazards to
what could they use will health as
reasonably things that help to find identify the
are not less obvious well as
be expected out hazards safety
to cause immediately hazards.
obvious to hazards.
harm.
you.

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Risk Rate

Extremely
Harmful/High Serious/Medium Slight/Low
harmful/Very High
• burns Injuries or illness causing
• minor fractures Superficial injuries; minor
short-term disability cuts and bruises; eye
• major fractures • deafness;
dermatitis irritation from dust.
• poisonings •
asthma Nuisance and
• multiple injuries •
work related upper irritation (e.g.
• fatal injuries •
limb disorders headaches); ill-
• occupational cancer
ill-health leading to health leading to
• acute fatal diseases •
permanent minor temporary
disability. discomfort.

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Step 2: Assess Risks

• Decide who might be harmed and how

Hazards Who will be harmed How

Lid of the chemical drum opened Workers around the drum Through Inhalation
High level of noise in production Workers in the production floor Deteriorate hearing capacity
floor
Missing needle guard Operators in the missing Broken needle may hit eye

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Chemical Risk Assessment

Risk = Likelihood harm x Severity of harm

Likelihood of Severity of Harm

Harm
Slight (1) Moderate (2) Extreme (3)
Very unlikely (1) 1x1=1 1x2=2 1x3=3

Unlikely (2) 2x1=2 2x2=4 2x3=6

Likely (3) 3x1=3 3x2=6 3x3=9

Very likely (4) 4x1=4 4x2=8 4x3=12

Collect information through SDS and Label of the chemical

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 UNGUARDED MACHINES ARE UNGUARDED
OBVIOUS 5/12/18
WRONG FO

THE RESULTS ARE ALSO OBVIOUS AS SH

UNGUARDED MACHINES ARE UNGUARDED MACHINES, DUST,

OBVIOUS WRONG FOOTWEAR, NO PPE

A near missTHE RESULTS

is often ARE
only an inch ALSO OBVIOUS AS SHOWN HERE
or two NO GUARD
SEWING NE
FINGER
away from a tragedy

www.aaa-control.comSEWING NEEDLE IN THE 25

UNGUARDED MACHINES
UNGUARDED NO ARE
GUARD
MACHINES ARE UNGUARDED
UNGUARDED MACHINES, DUST,
OBVIOUS WRONG FINGERMACHINES,
FOOTWEAR, NO PPE
DUST,
OBVIOUS WRONG FOOTWEAR, NO PPE

THE THE
RESULTS ARE ARE
RESULTS ALSO OBVIOUS
ALSO AS SHOWN
OBVIOUS HERE
AS SHOWN HERE

SEWING
SEWING NEEDLENEEDLE
IN THE IN THE
NONo Needle Guard
NO GUARD
GUARD Sewing Needle in the finger
FINGER
FINGER

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Risk Control
Risk Avoidance –
e.g. the replacing a hazard by one with less or no risk potential. Most Effective

Risk Reduction –
systematically reduced through control measures

Risk Transfer

Risk Retention – The risk is retained in the organisation where any consequent
loss is financed by the company

Less Effective
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Job Safety Analysis

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Potential Hazards:
While cutting material, employees often
bend over a table, which may cause
low back injuries
Employees must extend their arms to
cut through a complete piece of fabric
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Possible Solutions:
§ Use shorter-width tables so workers do not have to
bend and reach so far
§ Provide height- and tilt-adjustable tables; tables
should be set at elbow height.
§ Feed fabric to the worker rather than making the
worker reach for the fabric.
§ Use electric, pneumatic, or otherwise partially
automated tools
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Potential Hazard: Possible Solutions:

Employees push fabric Use height adjustable tables which, when properly adjusted,
through the sewing may reduce arm extension and bending at the waist
machine, which may
require extending arms, Allow the machine to pull the fabric through rather than having
bending at the waist, and the operator push the fabric.
applying force
Reduce the distance between the operator and the machine.

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Safety Hazard
Fuguai

§ Oil spilled on floor

§ Unnecessary structure in the surrounding
§ Water spilled on the floor
§ Non-standard or unsafe safety guards
§ Hanging cables, pipes, etc
§ Improper illumination
§ Improper tools
§ Slippery floor
§ Sharp floor
§ Sharp edges
§ Improper 5S

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Some Tools for Determining Root Cause:

Pareto Analysis
(Vital Few, Trivial
Many) Flow
Charts/Process Cause and Effect
The 5 Whys Diagram Tree Diagram
a statistical mapping
technique in
decision-making

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an in-depth process or technique for identifying the

most basic factor(s) underlying a variation in
performance (problem).
What? Why? ü To dig out actual cause of any
problem

When? How?

Assign knowledgeable person/team on the issue

Significant or consequential events Define the problem
Repetitive human errors are occurring during Collect and analyse fact and data
specific process Develop theories and possible causes
Repetitive equipment failures associate with a Develop possible solutions
specific process Define and implement an action plan
Performance below the desired standard Monitor and assess results of the action plan
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Light
Cause and Effect Diagram Temperature
Humidity
sound
MONEY MANPOWER

Lack of training
Law paid staff
Unqualified staff

Quality failed garments

Low standard ENVIRONMENT

MATERIALS

Over standard Poor quality

Quantity based
maintenance
No process checklist
MACHINE METHOD

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Engr. Kawsar Alam Sikder 36

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