Homework

Reminder

Illustrations
INTRODUCTION TO FUNCTIONS
Relation

Function

Representations

General Mathematics Program

Session 1
Introduction to
Functions Illustrations

Homework

Reminder

Illustrations

Relation

Function

Representations

Food Price
Cheeseburger P35.00
French Fries P36.00
McChicken P59.00
McFlurry P30.00
Iced Tea P25.00
Introduction to
Functions Illustrations

Homework NBA Team NBA Player

Reminder

Illustrations Stephen Curry

Relation

Function
Klay Thompson
Representations
LeBron James

Kyrie Irving

Matthew
Dellavedova
Introduction to
Functions Illustrations

Homework Political Party Candidates

Reminder

Illustrations Benigno Aquino III

Relation

Function
Mar Roxas
Representations
Nancy Binay

Dick Gordon

JV Ejercito-Estrada
Introduction to
Functions Relation

Homework

Reminder In our examples, there is a relationship

Illustrations between 2 things:
Relation
•  Food and Price
Function
•  NBA Team and NBA Player
Representations
• Political Party and Candidate

In Math, we define a Relation as any

correspondence (or “pairing”) between 2 sets.
Introduction to
Functions Relation

Homework

Reminder In the illustrations shown, the correspondence between

Illustrations 2 set are as follows:
Relation

Function
Set A Set B
Representations Food Price
NBA Team NBA Player

•  Set A is called the Domain (elements being paired)

•  Set B is called the Range (partners of the elements)
Introduction to
Functions Function

Homework

Reminder
Let A and B be 2 non-empty sets. A function
Illustrations is a correspondence which assigns every element of the
Relation domain A to exactly one element of the range B.
Function

Representations
Introduction to
Functions Function

Homework

Reminder Functions work like pizza cookers.

Illustrations

Relation
The uncooked pizza (element of
the domain) enters the cooker
Function

Representations

and then comes out as cooked

pizza (element of the range).
Introduction to
Functions Function

Homework
It cannot happen that the uncooked pizza will come out
Reminder as cooked chicken or cooked spaghetti.
Illustrations

Relation In the same way, an element of the domain may NOT be paired to
Function
2 or more elements of the range.
Representations

A 1 A
1
B 2 B
2
C 3 C

one-to-one many-to-one
Introduction to
Functions Function

Homework

Reminder

Illustrations
A
1
Relation B
2
Function C
Representations 3
D

Is this a function? Why?

Introduction to
Functions Representations of Functions

Homework
Different ways to represent functions:
Reminder

Illustrations 1.  List

Relation 2.  Mapping Diagram
Function
3.  Ordered Pair
4.  Equation
Representations
5.  Table of Values
6.  Graph
7.  Descriptive Rule
Introduction to
Functions Representations of Functions

Homework List
Reminder

Illustrations Player Team

Relation Kiefer Ravena Ateneo Blue Eagles
Function Kobe Bryant L.A. Lakers
Representations Von Pessumal Ateneo Blue Eagles
LeBron James Cleveland Cavaliers
Introduction to
Functions Representations of Functions

Homework Mapping Diagram

Reminder

Illustrations

Relation
Kiefer Ravena
Ateneo Blue Eagles
Function Kobe Bryant
Representations
L.A. Lakers
Von Pessumal
Cleveland Cavaliers
LeBron James
Introduction to
Functions Representations of Functions

Homework Ordered Pair

Reminder

Illustrations
(Kiefer Ravena, Ateneo Blue Eagles)
Relation (Kobe Bryant, L.A. Lakers)
Function (Von Pessumal, Ateneo Blue Eagles)
Representations (LeBron James, Cleveland Cavaliers)

Note: No two ordered pairs have the same first element.

Is {(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (3, 6)} a function?

Introduction to
Functions Representations of Functions

Homework Equation
Reminder y = x +1
Illustrations
y = 2x 2 − 3
Relation

Function Note: In an equation in x and y, it will be understood

Representations that x represents the elements of the domain
while y represents the elements of the range.

Does the equation

y2 = x
represent a function?
Introduction to
Functions Representations of Functions

Homework Table of Values

Reminder
y = x +1
Illustrations

Relation
input x -2 -1 0 1 2
Function
y -1 0 1 2 3
Representations
Introduction to
Functions Representations of Functions

Homework Graph
Reminder
y = x +1
Illustrations

Relation
x -2 -1 0 1 2
Function
y -1 0 1 2 3
Representations
Introduction to
Functions Representations of Functions

Homework Graph
Reminder
Vertical Line Test: A graph represents a
Illustrations
function if any vertical line drawn through it
Relation intersects the graph at most once.
Function

Representations
Introduction to
Functions Representations of Functions

Homework Graph
Reminder
Is this a function?
Illustrations

Relation

Function

Representations
Introduction to
Functions Representations of Functions

Homework Descriptive Rule

Reminder
•  rule which assigns to each player its team
Illustrations

Relation •  rule which assigns to each car its plate number

Function

Representations

Is this a function?

rule which assigns to each teacher her students

Introduction to
Functions Function Notation

Homework •  By naming the function ‘f’ you

Reminder can write the function
Illustrations notation:

• f(x) = y
Relation

Function

Representations
•  “the value of f at x”
•  “f of x”
Function
Notation

•  f(x) is NOT f times x!!

•  You can use other letters of
the alphabet
Introduction to
Functions Function Notation

Homework Consider the function f(x) = 3x − 1

Reminder
We can consider this as a flow diagram:
Illustrations

Relation
x 3x 3x − 1
Representations
Multiply by 3 Subtract 1
Function

Function
Notation What is f(-2)?
f(x) = 3x – 1

f(-2) = 3(-2) – 1

f(-2) = -7 (-2, -7) Ordered Pair

Introduction to
Functions Evaluating Functions

Homework For every x, there is a corresponding f(x)

Reminder
Numerical Mark Letter Grade
Illustrations
100 A+
Relation
95 – 99 A
Representations 90 – 94 B+
85 – 89 B
Function
80 – 84 C+
Function
Notation 75 – 79 C
Evaluating 70 – 74 D
Functions
65 – 69 F1
60 – 64 F2

Is this a function?
What do we call this representation?
Introduction to
Functions Evaluating Functions

Homework Let’s say this is the function, g(x):

Reminder
Numerical Mark Letter Grade
Illustrations
100 A+
Relation
95 – 99 A
Representations 90 – 94 B+
85 – 89 B
Function
80 – 84 C+
Function
Notation 75 – 79 C
Evaluating 70 – 74 D
Functions
65 – 69 F1
60 – 64 F2

What is g(78)? What is g(50)?

What is g(100)? What are the possible x’s
if you want g(x) = B+?
Introduction to
Functions Evaluating Functions

Homework Mapping Diagram:

Reminder

Illustrations

Relation A
1
Representations
B
2
Function
C
Function 3
Notation
D
Evaluating
Functions

Is this a function?
Introduction to
Functions Evaluating Functions

Homework Let’s say this is function, h(x):

Reminder

Illustrations

Relation A
1
Representations
B
2
Function
C
Function 3
Notation
D
Evaluating
Functions

What is h(A)?
What is h(3)? When will h(x) = 2?
Introduction to
Functions Evaluating Functions

Homework Graph:
Reminder

Illustrations

Relation

Representations

Function

Function
Notation

Evaluating
Functions

Is this a function?
Introduction to
Functions Evaluating Functions

Homework Let this be function, f(x):

Reminder

Illustrations

Relation

Representations

Function

Function
Notation

Evaluating
Functions

What is f(0)? What is x if f(x) = 0?

2x22 y3
Introduction to
Functions Evaluating Functions

Homework Recall:
Reminder Given ,
Illustrations
what is the value of the expression if x = 2, and y = 3?
What if x = -1, and y = 1?
Relation

Representations
Given f(x) = 2x + 5, what are the following:
f(2)
Function f(-1)
Function
Notation
f(0)
f(x – 3)
Evaluating
Functions f(1/2)
f( )
f(a + b + c)
If f(x) = 2, what is x?
2x22 y3
Introduction to
Functions Evaluating Functions

Homework

Reminder Given: f(x) = 2x + 5

Illustrations

Relation
What is 3f(x)?
Representations
What is f(3x)?
Function What is f(x) + 1?
Function What is f(x + 1)?
Notation
What is [f(x)]2 ?
Evaluating
Functions What is f(x2)?
What is -f(x)?
What is f(-x)?
2x22 y3
Introduction to
Functions Evaluating Functions

Homework

Reminder Given:
Illustrations

Relation
What is 3g(x)?
Representations
What is g(3x)?
Function What is g(x) + 1?
Function What is g(x + 1)?
Notation
What is [g(x)]2 ?
Evaluating
Functions What is g(x2)?
What is -g(x)?
What is g(-x)?
2x22 y3
Introduction to
Functions Evaluating Functions

Homework

Reminder Given:
Illustrations

Relation
What is 3h(x)?
Representations
What is h(3x)?
Function What is h(x) + 1?
Function What is h(x + 1)?
Notation
What is [h(x)]2 ?
Evaluating
Functions What is h(x2)?
What is -h(x)?
What is h(-x)?
2x22 y3
Introduction to
Functions Evaluating Functions

Homework

Reminder Given:
Illustrations

Relation
What is 3m(x)?
Representations
What is m(3x)?
Function What is m(x) + 1?
Function What is m(x + 1)?
Notation
What is [m(x)]2 ?
Evaluating
Functions What is m(x2)?
What is -m(x)?
What is m(-x)?
Introduction to
Functions

Operations on Functions
Homework

Reminder —  (f + g)(x) = f(x) + g(x)

Illustrations  
—  (f – g)(x) = f(x) – g(x)
Relation

Representations

 
Function

Function
—  (f×g)(x) = [f(x)][g(x)]
Notation

Evaluating

—  (f/g)(x) = [f(x)]/[g(x)]
Functions

Operations
on Functions
Introduction to
Functions

Given f(x) = 3x+2 and g(x) = 4 – 5x

Homework

Find the following:

Reminder

Illustrations

Relation
a.  f(x) + g(x)
Representations b.  f(x) – g(x)
Function c.  f(x)Ÿg(x)
Function
Notation d.  f(x)/g(x)
Evaluating
Functions

Operations
on Functions
Introduction to
Functions

Given h(x) = 2x – 4 and j(x) = x2 – 4

Homework

Solve the following:

Reminder

Illustrations

Relation
a.  (h+j)(2)
Representations

Function
b.  (j – h)(1)
Function
Notation
c.  (jŸj)(x)
Evaluating
Functions

⎛h⎞
Operations
on Functions d.  ⎜ ⎟( x )
⎝j⎠
Introduction to
Functions

Homework

Reminder

Illustrations

Relation
Composition of Functions
Representations

Function

Function
Notation

Evaluating
Functions

Operations
on Functions

Composition
of Functions
Introduction to
Functions

US Dollars
Homework

Reminder —  Your ninong gave you $100 for Christmas.

Illustrations The exchange rate is one dollar = 45
Relation pesos.
—  What is the function to convert dollars to
Representations

Function
pesos? P(x) = 45x
Function
Notation
—  How much, in pesos, did your ninong give
Evaluating
Functions you?
Operations —  P(100) = 4500.
on Functions

Composition
of Functions
Introduction to
Functions

Japanese Yen
Homework

Reminder —  Your family decides to go to Japan, and

Illustrations you want to use all the Php4500 in Japan.
Relation One peso = 2.72 Japanese Yen.
—  What is the function to convert Php to
Representations

Function
Japanese Yen? J(x) = 2.72x.
Function
Notation
—  How much, in yen, do you have?
—  J(4500) = 12, 240 yen.
Evaluating
Functions

Operations
on Functions

Composition
of Functions
Introduction to
Functions

What did you do?

Homework

—  $100 à }  Dollar à Php4500

Reminder
to Peso
Illustrations
P(x)
Relation

Representations

Function
—  Php4500à }  Peso to à 12,240 Yen
Function
Notation
Yen J(x)
Evaluating
Functions

Operations
on Functions
—  We put P(100) inside J(x) à J(P(100))
Composition
of Functions
Introduction to
Functions

Composition of Functions
Homework
— 
Reminder

Illustrations

Relation

Representations

Function

Function
Notation

Evaluating
Functions

Operations
on Functions

Composition
of Functions
Introduction to
Functions

Composition of Functions
Homework

Reminder
— 
Illustrations

Relation

Representations

Function

Function
Notation

Evaluating
Functions

Operations
on Functions

Composition
of Functions
Introduction to
Functions

Composition of Functions
Homework
— 
Reminder

Illustrations

Relation

Representations

Function

Function
Notation

Evaluating
Functions

Operations
on Functions

Composition
of Functions
Introduction to
Functions

Composition of Functions
Homework

Reminder — 
Illustrations

Relation

Representations

Function

Function
Notation

Evaluating
Functions

Operations
on Functions

Composition
of Functions