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Conf. dr. arh. Ana-Maria Dabija
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consultant
prof. arh. Alexandru Stan
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desene realizate de
Lect. dr. arh. Doina Niculae
şi studenţii din
Universitatea de Arhitectură şi Urbanism “Ion Mincu”
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CAPITOLUL 1
NOŢIUNI DE PROIECTARE A SCĂRILOR ŞI RAMPELOR, LA CLĂDIRI CU FUNCŢIUN
Terminologie
În concepţia acestui curs, termenii de mai jos, prezentaţi în ordine alfabetică, au următoarea
1 balustradă caz particular de parapet alcătuit în general din elemente
verticale (baluştri) şi/sau orizontale, la care predomină “golul”
(în relaţia plin-gol)
2 casa scării Spaţiul delimitat de pereţi în care este închisă scara
3 ciubuc parte frontală a treptei, ieşită din planul contratreptei, cu rol
decorativ
4 contratreaptă suprafaţă verticală, care face legătura între două trepte
Observaţie: se pot realiza scări cu trepte, fără contratrepte
5 intrados (al scării) partea de dedesubt a rampei, care se vede de pe podestul
sau de pe rampa aflată la o cotă inferioară. Poate fi neted sau
cutat.
Observaţie: se poate utiliza, cu aceeaşi semnificaţie, şi
termenul de extrados al scării
6 înălţime liberă spaţiul de circulaţie cuprins între limitele finite a două rampe
(13) suprapuse sau o rampă şi elementele planşeului
(respectiv pardoselii), măsurat pe perpendiculara la linia
pasului, de la buza treptei finite (respectiv faţa pardoselii
podestelor), până la faţa finită a intradosului rampei sau a
grinzilor de podest (fig. 1.)
7 lăţime liberă spaţiul de circulaţie, cuprins între suprafeţele finite ale
elementelor ce limitează scara către rampă (13) (între perete
şi balustradă, între doi pereţi, între perete şi vangul lateral,
între două balustrade sau două vanguri ale aceleiaşi rampe –
măsurat cu sau fără trepte- sau aceluiaşi podest)(fig. 2)
8 linia pasului linia pe care se măsoară în proiecţie orizontală lăţimea
treptelor (l) şi care indică grafic sensul de urcare. În cazul
scărilor curbe sau balansate, linia pasului se consideră la 50
cm de la mâna curentă, dinspre arcul mic al curbei, pentru
rampe cu lăţimea până la 1,00 m şi la 60 cm pentru rampe cu
lăţimea mai mare de 1,00.
9 mână curentă element constructiv prevăzut la partea superioară a
parapetului/balustradei sau pe peretele adiacent unei scări
sau unei rampe, având rolul de sprijin pentru persoanele ce
utilizează scara sau rampa
10 muchie de treaptă muchia care reprezintă intersecţia dintre planul orizontal şi
/ 54 planul vertical al treptei (fig.3) .
11 parapet element constructiv vertical, plin sau cu goluri, care asigură
protecţia persoanelor care circulă sau staţionează pe traseul
scării sau rampei (inclusiv al podestului)
12 podest element constructiv orizontal (de plecare, sosire şi/sau
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Observaţie: o parte din aceşti termeni se regăsesc aidoma şi în Normativ privind criterii de perf
specifice rampelor şi scărilor pentru circulaţia pietonală în construcţii; pentru alţii s-au adus prin pre
suplimentare, fără a se schimba înţelesul din Normativ.
/ 54
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Characters: 400
Multumesc mult aveam nevoie de functia search pentru aceasta carte!! p.s. Recomand sa-si ia
oricine e interesat copia fizica de la UAIM inca e 5 ron (dna profesoara dorea ca aceasta carte
sa coste cat un pachet de tigari.. anul asta nu a mai reusit.... ca s-a dublat pretul la tabac...)
06 / 24 / 2010
Reply
02 / 11 / 2010
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