Spondyl(o) vertebra; spinal or vertebral column spondylosis
Staped stapes (middle ear bone) stapedial Staphyl(o) grapelike clusters staphylococcus Stern sternum (breastbone) sternal Steth chest stethoscope Stomat(o) mouth stomatoplasty Strept(o) twisted chains streptococcus Synovi synovia; synovial membrane synovial System system systemic T Tars tarsals (ankle bones) metatarsal Tars(o) edge of eyelid; tarsal (instep of foot) tarsitis Ten tendon tendon Tend tendon tendotomy Tendin tendon tendinitis Test testis; testicle testicular Therm(o) heat thermal Thorac thorax (chest) thoracic Thromb(o) clot thrombus Thym(o) thymus gland thymolysis Thyr thyroid gland thyroid Thyroid thyroid gland thyroiditis Tibi tibia (lower leg bone) tibial Tom(o) cut; section tomography Ton tension, pressure tonicity Tonsil tonsils tonsillitis Top(o) place topographic Toxic poison toxic Trache(o) trachea tracheobronchial Trachel(o) neck; necklike trachelitis Trich hair trichoid Tympan eardrum; middle ear tympanic membrane U Uln ulna (lower arm bone) ulnar Ungu nail ungual Ur urine; urinary tract urinary Ureter(o) ureter ureteroplasy Urethr urethra urethrectomy Urin urine; urinary tract urinalysis Uter uterus intrauterine Uvul uvula uvuloptosis V Vagin vagina vaginal Valv valve valvula Valvul valve valvuloplasty Vas(o) vessel; duct vasectomy Ven vein venous Ventricul ventricle ventricular Vertebr(o) vertebra; (spinal column) costovertebral Vesic(o) bladder; sac vesical Vesicul(o) seminal vesicles vesiculation Viscer(o) internal organs viscera Vulv vulva vulvitis X Xanth yellow xanthoma Xer(o) dry xerosis Prefixes Meaning Example A A without or absence of ametria Ab from; away from abduction Ad to; toward adduction An without or absence of anaerobic Ana up; again; backward anaphoresis Ante before anteflexion Anti against antibacterial Apo upon aponeurotic B Bi two bimanual Bin two binary Brady slow bradycardia C Cata down catabatic Con together conjugal Contra against contraceptive D De from; down from; lack of debride Dia thorough; complete diameter Dis to undo; free from dislocate difficult; labored; painful; Dys abnormal dysplasia E Ecto outside; outer ectocardia Endo within endosalpinx Epi on; upon; over epithelial Eso inward esotropia Eu normal; good eupepsia Ex outside; outward excrete Exo outside; outward exophthalmos Extra outside of; beyond extracarpal H Hemi half hemidiaphragm Hyper above; excessive hypertension
Hypo below; incomplete; deficient hypoglycemic
I In in; into; not intubate Infra under; below infraglottic Inter between intercartilaginous Intra within intravenous M Mal bad malabsorption Meso middle mesocolon Meta after; beyond; change metastatic Micro small micronodular Multi many multilobar N Neo new neonatal Nulli none nulliparous P Pan all; total pancytopenia Para beside; beyond; around paranormal Per through percutaneous Peri surrounding (outer) pericardium Poly many; much polyopia Post after postembryonic Pre before; in front of preoperative Pro before prodromal R Re back reflux Retro back; behind retrograde S Semi half semirecumbent Sub under; below subcutaneous Super over; above superimpose Supra above suprascleral Sym together; joined symbiotic Syn together; joined synergetic T Tachy fast; rapid tachycardia Tetra four tetrameric Trans through; across; beyond transurethral Tri three trilocular U Ultra beyond; excess ultrasound Uni one uniseptate Suffixes Meaning Example ac pertaining to cardiac al pertaining to femoral algia pain arthralgia apheresis removal leukapheresis ar pertaining to malar ary pertaining to biliary
ase enzyme alkaline phosphatase
asthenia weakness myasthenia C capnia carbon dioxide hypocapnia cele hernia; protrusion hydrocele surgical puncture to aspirate centesis fluid amniocentesis cidal killing suicidal berryshaped ( a form of coccus (pl. cocci) bacterium) pneumococcus crine separate; secrete endocrine crit to separate hematocrit cyte cell leukocyte D desis surgical fixation; fusion arthrodesis E eal pertaining to calcaneal stretching out; dilatation; ectasis expansion bronchiectasis
ectomy excision or surgical removal tonsillectomy
emesis vomiting hematemesis emia blood condition anemia esis condition diaphoresis G substance or agent that gen produces or causes antigen genesis origin; cause iatrogenesis producing; originating; genic causing organogenic gram record; x-ray film echocardiogram graph instrument used to record radiograph process of recording; xray graphy filming arteriography I condition of diseased or ia abnormal state hypoxia ial pertaining to arterial iasis condition psoriasis iatry physician; treatment psychiatry ic pertaining to apneic ician one who physician ictal seizure; attack postictal ism state of embolism itis inflammation colitis L lepsy seizure epilepsy loosening; dissolution; lysis separating hydrolysis lytic destroy; reduce thrombolytic M malacia softening chondromalacia mania madness; insane desire pyromania megaly enlargement hepatosplenomegaly
meter instrument used to measure thermometer
metry measurement oximetry polymorph morph form; shape (polymorphonuclear) O odynia pain arthrodynia oid resembling hyoid one who studies & practices ologist (specialist) cardiologist ology study of oncology oma tumor; swelling hematoma oorhagia rapid flow of blood menorrhagia opia vision (condition) myopia opsy to view biopsy orrhaphy suturing; repairing herniorrhaphy orrhea flow; excessive discharge menorrhea orrhexis rupture capsulorrhexis abnormal condition (means increased when used with osis blood cell word roots) dermatosis creation of an artificial ostomy opening colostomy otomy cut into or incision craniotomy ous pertaining to parous oxia oxygen hypoxia P paresis slight paralysis hemiparesis pathy disease neuropathy abnormal reduction in penia number cytopenia pepsia digestion dyspepsia
pexy surgical fixation; suspension urethropexy
phagia eating; swallowing odynophagia
abnormal fear of or aversion
phobia to specific objects or things claustrophobia phonia sound or voice hyperphonia phoria feeling euphoria physis growth hypophysis formation; development; a plasia growth hyperplasia