03:95-02

Issue 3.0 en-GB

Exhaust gas aftertreatment, Euro 6

Function guide
Relationship between engine and exhaust gas
aftertreatment

© 2018 Scania CV AB Sweden

Introduction .............................................................................................. 3
Troubleshooting overview .................................................................. 4
1. Engine ....................................................................................................... 4
2. Exhaust gas aftertreatment ........................................................................ 4
Troubleshooting ..................................................................................... 5
Engine ........................................................................................................... 5
Exhaust gas aftertreatment .......................................................................... 10

© 2018 Scania CV AB Sweden

Introduction

Introduction
This document describes the interaction
between the engine and the exhaust gas after-
treatment, and how engine operating capacity
or condition affects the exhaust gas aftertreat-
ment. If a problem occurs with the exhaust gas
aftertreatment, the root cause of the problem is
not necessarily the exhaust gas aftertreatment.
Always check the function of the exhaust gas
aftertreatment if a problem has been rectified
with the engine.

This document is an overall description of

which engine components may cause disrup-
tion to the exhaust gas aftertreatment, and
demonstrates which type of exhaust gas after-
treatment symptoms they can cause.

03:95-02 Issue 3.0 © 2018 Scania CV AB Sweden 3 (16)

Troubleshooting overview

Troubleshooting
overview

364 105
1 2

1. Engine 2. Exhaust gas

Click the fault symptoms below to continue on
to the troubleshooting wizard.
1.1 The exhaust gas temperature from the
engine is too high
1.2 Too much NOx coming from the engine
1.3 Too much soot coming from the engine
aftertreatment
Click the fault symptoms below to continue on
to the troubleshooting wizard.
2.1 Exhaust gas temperature into the silencer
is too high
2.2 Too much NOx is entering the silencer
2.3 Too much soot is entering the silencer

03:95-02 Issue 3.0 © 2018 Scania CV AB Sweden 4 (16)

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting
Engine
1.1 The exhaust gas temperature from the engine is too high

6 2

4 1
3

360 491
8 7 5, 10
1. EGR valve. 7. Fuel pressure sensor.
2. Turbocharger. 8. Throttle.
3. Exhaust brake. 9. Rotational speed sensor.
4. EGR cooler. 10. XPI injector.
5. Inlet and outlet valve.
6. Mass flow sensor.

Pos. Component/function Possible causes

1 EGR valve
2 Turbocharger
The EGR valve is stuck in the open position.
The EGR valve is more open than expected. Control fault due
to faulty position feedback to the control unit.
The EGR valve is more closed than expected due to it moving
more slowly than expected.
The damper moves freely in relation to the actuator.
The turbocharger actuator does not shut properly.
The turbocharger is worn.

03:95-02 Issue 3.0 © 2018 Scania CV AB Sweden 5 (16)

Troubleshooting

Pos. Component/function Possible causes

3 Exhaust brake
4 EGR cooler
5 Inlet and outlet valve
6 Mass flow sensor
7 Fuel pressure sensor
8 Throttle
9 Rotational speed sensor
10 XPI injector
The exhaust brake is stuck in the closed position.
The EGR cooler is clogged in the cooling or exhaust flow
section.
Leaking valve seals or worn valve stems.
Leaking valve seats.
Fault in mass flow sensor (pressure and temperature), measures
too little.
Fault in mass flow sensor (pressure and temperature), measures
too much.
Leakage on the high pressure side of the charge air system, i.e.
between the compressor and the EGR mixture point.
The fuel pressure sensor has been modified.
The throttle is stuck in the closed or partly closed position.
Incorrect fuel injection timing.
Incorrect nozzle spray pattern.
Leakage, too much diesel.
Mechanical faults.

See also the section 2.1 Exhaust gas temperature into the silencer is too high.

03:95-02 Issue 3.0 © 2018 Scania CV AB Sweden 6 (16)

Troubleshooting

1.2 Too much NOx coming from the engine

4
3
2 1

368 639
1. EGR valve. 4. Mass flow sensor.
2. EGR cooler. 5. Rotational speed sensor.
3. Thermostat.

Pos. Component/function Possible causes

1 EGR valve
2 EGR cooler
3 Thermostat
4 Mass flow sensor
5 Rotational speed sensor
The EGR valve is more closed than expected. Control fault due
to faulty position feedback to the control unit.
The EGR valve is more closed than expected due to it moving
more slowly than expected.
The EGR cooler is clogged in the cooling or exhaust flow
section.
Thermostat stuck in open position.
Fault in mass flow sensor (pressure and temperature), measures
too little.
Leakage on the high pressure side of the EGR circuit, i.e.
between the EGR valve and the EGR mixture point.
Leakage on the low pressure side of the charge air system, i.e.
between the mass flow sensor and the compressor.
Incorrect fuel injection timing.

See also the section 2.2 Too much NOx is entering the silencer.

03:95-02 Issue 3.0 © 2018 Scania CV AB Sweden 7 (16)

Troubleshooting

1.3 Too much soot coming from the engine

6
1
2

362 086
8 7 10 4, 5, 11
1. EGR valve. 7. Fuel pressure sensor.
2. Exhaust brake. 8. Throttle.
3. Exhaust gas pressure sensor. 9. Rotational speed sensor.
4. Inlet and outlet valve. 10. XPI high pressure pump.
5. Piston rings. 11. XPI injector.
6. Mass flow sensor.

Pos. Component/function Possible causes

1 EGR valve
2 Exhaust brake
3 Exhaust gas pressure
sensor
- Fuel grade
4 Inlet and outlet valve
The EGR valve is more open than expected. Control fault due
to faulty position feedback to the control unit.
The EGR valve is more closed than expected due to it moving
more slowly than expected.
The damper moves freely compared with the actuator (damper
or actuator is not functioning).
The exhaust brake is stuck in the closed position.
The exhaust back pressure sensor is sending implausible values
to the control unit.
The fuel has the wrong specification.
Leaking valve seals or worn valve stems.
Incorrect valve time setting.

03:95-02 Issue 3.0 © 2018 Scania CV AB Sweden 8 (16)

Troubleshooting
Pos. Component/function
5 Piston rings
6 Mass flow sensor
7 Fuel pressure sensor
8 Throttle
9 Rotational speed sensor
10 XPI high pressure pump
and fuel inlet metering
valve
11 XPI injector
- Oil level too high in
combination with CCV.
2.3 Too much soot is entering the silencer.
03:95-02 Issue 3.0
Possible causes
Worn or cracked piston ring still in position.
Fault in mass flow sensor (pressure and temperature), measures
too little.
Fault in mass flow sensor (pressure and temperature), measures
too much.
Leakage on the high pressure side of the charge air system, i.e.
between the compressor and the EGR mixture point.
The fuel pressure sensor has been modified.
The throttle is stuck in the closed or partly closed position.
Incorrect fuel injection timing.
Oil leaking into the fuel due to damage to the high pressure
pump.
Reduced pump power due to damage to the high pressure pump
or the fuel inlet metering valve.
Low supply pressure from the low pressure section of the fuel
system.
Incorrect nozzle spray pattern.
Leakage, too much diesel.
Mechanical faults.
Increased oil consumption.
© 2018 Scania CV AB Sweden 9 (16)
Troubleshooting

Exhaust gas aftertreatment

2.1 Exhaust gas temperature into the silencer is too high

1 4 1
6
2 3 2

3 3
5

360 492
4
1. Oxidation catalytic converter. 5. Reductant doser.
2. Particulate filter. 6. Silencer.
3. SCR catalytic converter.
4. Ammonia slip catalytic converter.

Possible faults

Pos. Component Fault code Description System response

– Exhaust gas No fault code Exhaust gas temperature into A white engine
aftertreatment the silencer is too high. warning lamp comes
management system Normal at very high load. on.
1 Oxidation catalytic EMS 9251 Too low a temperature Regeneration in the
converter increase across the oxidation particulate filter is not
catalytic converter during possible.
regeneration.
EMS 6147 Temperature between the Engine power is
oxidation catalytic converter reduced and a red
EMS 8206 and particulate filter is too engine warning lamp
high during normal comes on.
operation. Fault code is not
generated during
regeneration.

03:95-02 Issue 3.0 © 2018 Scania CV AB Sweden 10 (16)

Troubleshooting

Pos. Component Fault code Description System response

2 Particulate filter
3 SCR catalytic
converter
EMS 5859 The signal from the Yellow warning lamp
differential pressure sensor is comes on. No
EMS 5860 too low. regeneration as no
particles are sticking.
EMS 4169 The measured level of The fault affects
nitrogen oxides downstream engine emissions.
EMS 8430 of the catalytic converter is
Engine output is
EMS 8319 higher than it should be. reduced and an engine
warning lamp comes
EMS 5853 Reductant volume adaptation on.
has reached the maximum
end position.

Possible causes

Oxidation catalytic converter

The oxidation catalytic converter has aged prematurely due to high temperatures. This has caused its
ability to oxidise NO to deteriorate.

Particulate filter
The fault may be caused by a cracked or missing particulate filter (small cracks are not detected).
The particulate filter has cracked due to rapid temperature changes.

The coating of precious metals in the particulate filter has disappeared, due to high temperatures for
a long period, or very high for a short time. This makes the soot more difficult to burn off.

SCR catalytic converter

The SCR catalytic converter has aged prematurely due to high temperatures. This has caused its abil-
ity to convert NOx to deteriorate.

Engine

Probable causes of white engine warning lamp for excessive exhaust gas temperature:

1. the exhaust brake is stuck in the closed position,

2. fault in the turbocharger actuator.

See 1.1 The exhaust gas temperature from the engine is too high.

Subsequent problems

Oxidation catalytic converter

The SCR catalytic converter has to cope with a greater quantity of NO instead of the more benign
NO2. This requires good performance from the SCR catalytic converter and more reductant to be
metered to the exhaust gases. More reductant means that the system tries to raise the temperature so
that all reductant can be evaporated. A higher temperature means that fuel consumption increases.

03:95-02 Issue 3.0 © 2018 Scania CV AB Sweden 11 (16)

Troubleshooting

NO is also used to burn the soot in the particulate filter. When the capacity of the oxidation catalytic
converter deteriorates, passive regeneration occurring during normal operation (driving on roads)
will be impaired. When this deteriorates, more stationary regenerations are required.

Particulate filter
The particulate filter needs regeneration more often due to insufficient quantities of soot disappear-
ing.

SCR catalytic converter

Reductant dosing increases. In the end, the SCR catalytic converter cannot convert sufficient quanti-
ties of NOx.

Check

Oxidation catalytic converter

Carry out a function test on the oxidation catalytic converter. See SDP3 > Checks and adjustments >
Functions > Check > Powertrain > Emission control > Exhaust gas aftertreatment > Exhaust gas
aftertreatment, exhaust gas aftertreatment function test.

Particulate filter
Use the inspection hatch to check that the particulate filter is correctly fitted, and that it is intact and
clean. Soot in the exhaust pipe downstream of the particulate filter indicates a damaged or missing
particulate filter. See 03-26 Exhaust gas aftertreatment > Silencer > Check - Silencer using endo-
scope.

SCR catalytic converter

Carry out a function test on the SCR catalytic converter. See SDP3 > Checks and adjustments >
Functions > Check > Powertrain > Emission control > Exhaust gas aftertreatment > Exhaust gas
aftertreatment, function test SCR.

Actions

Oxidation catalytic converter

Troubleshoot and rectify 1.1 The exhaust gas temperature from the engine is too high. Carry out a
particulate filter regeneration using SDP3. Regeneration also burns away any contamination of the
oxidation catalytic converter which may have similar symptoms. If regeneration is cancelled and a
fault code generated: Renew the oxidation catalytic converter or the silencer.

Finally, carry out a function test on the oxidation catalytic converter. See SDP3 > Checks and
adjustments > Functions > Check > Powertrain > Emission control > Exhaust gas aftertreatment >
Exhaust gas aftertreatment, exhaust gas aftertreatment function test. For vehicles with early EMS
software: Carry out a regeneration of the particulate filter.

03:95-02 Issue 3.0 © 2018 Scania CV AB Sweden 12 (16)

Troubleshooting

Particulate filter
Carry out a particulate filter regeneration using
SDP3. Regeneration also burns away any con-
tamination of the oxidation catalytic converter
which may have similar symptoms. If regener-
ation is cancelled and a fault code generated:
Renew the oxidation catalytic converter or the
silencer. Too high a temperature from the
engine into the silencer should also be trouble-
shooted and rectified.

Finally, carry out a function test on the oxida-

tion catalytic converter. See SDP3 > Checks
and adjustments > Functions > Check > Pow-
ertrain > Emission control > Exhaust gas
aftertreatment > Exhaust gas aftertreatment,
exhaust gas aftertreatment function test. For
vehicles with early EMS software: Carry out a
regeneration of the particulate filter.

SCR catalytic converter

If the SCR catalytic converter has aged prema-
turely due to high temperatures, the silencer
must be renewed.

It is not necessary to carry out a final function

test on the SCR catalytic converter, but it is
possible. See SDP3 > Checks and adjustments
> Functions > Check > Powertrain > Emis-
sion control > Exhaust gas aftertreatment >
Exhaust gas aftertreatment, function test SCR.

03:95-02 Issue 3.0 © 2018 Scania CV AB Sweden 13 (16)

Troubleshooting

2.2 Too much NOx is entering the silencer

1 4 1
6
2 3 2

3 3
5

360 492
4
1. Oxidation catalytic converter. 6. Silencer.
2. Particulate filter.
3. SCR catalytic converter.
4. Ammonia slip catalytic converter.
5. Reductant doser.

Possible faults
High reductant consumption: too much NOx, i.e. more reductant is requested than the system can
evaporate and the SCR catalytic converter can convert.
Active or inactive fault codes:

• EMS 4169: The measured level of nitrogen oxides downstream of the catalytic converter is higher
than it should be.
• EMS 8430: The measured level of nitrogen oxides downstream of the catalytic converter is higher
than it should be.
• EMS 5853: Reductant volume adaptation has reached the maximum end position.
• EMS 8319: The measured level of nitrogen oxides downstream of the catalytic converter is higher
than it should be.

Possible damage
The silencer will not be damaged by too much NOx.

Action
Troubleshoot and rectify 1.2 Too much NOx coming from the engine. No measures need be taken
with the silencer. Carry out a particulate filter regeneration using SDP3 and a function test on the
SCR catalytic converter after troubleshooting. See SDP3 > Checks and adjustments > Functions >

03:95-02 Issue 3.0 © 2018 Scania CV AB Sweden 14 (16)

Troubleshooting

Check > Powertrain > Emission control >

Exhaust gas aftertreatment > Particulate filter
regeneration.

03:95-02 Issue 3.0 © 2018 Scania CV AB Sweden 15 (16)

Troubleshooting

2.3 Too much soot is entering the silencer

1 4 1
6
2 3 2

3 3
5

360 492
4
1. Oxidation catalytic converter. 5. Reductant doser.
2. Particulate filter. 6. Silencer.
3. SCR catalytic converter.
4. Ammonia slip catalytic converter.

Possible faults
In cases of heavy soot build-up, the exhaust back pressure increases and the oxidation catalytic con-
verter performance deteriorates. This in turn makes NOx conversion in the SCR catalytic converter
more difficult. More reductant is consumed in order to handle the increased amount of NOx. This
means that the temperature increases in order for the reductant to be evaporated. A higher tempera-
ture leads to increased fuel consumption. Fault code EMS 5139 is generated.

Possible damage
The silencer will not be damaged by too much soot.

Subsequent problems
With too great a flow of soot into the silencer, a soot cake can build up on the inlet side of the oxida-
tion catalytic converter, and regeneration increases.

Check
It is difficult to see soot build-ups using an endoscope. Therefore remove the oxidation catalytic con-
verter and carry out a visual inspection of it.

Action
Troubleshoot and rectify 1.3 Too much soot coming from the engine. Brush clean the surface of the
oxidation catalytic converter. If this is not possible: Renew the oxidation catalytic converter. Then
carry out a test run to check that the fault code does not recur.

03:95-02 Issue 3.0 © 2018 Scania CV AB Sweden 16 (16)