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Philips indoor & outdoor luminaires catalog Inspire your lighting experience 12.1
Tunnel and underpass lighting
What you ought to know about tunnel lighting The access zone Interior zone
For smooth traffic flow, in bright daylight and total darkness, and in all The access zone is not a part of the tunnel itself, but the approach In the interior zone, which is often the longest section of the tunnel, the
weather conditions, tunnel lighting should be such that the drivers road immediately before the tunnel entrance, from where drivers need required lighting levels are related to traffic speed and traffic density as
sense of safety and comfort is not diminished compared with the to be able to see and stop in front of obstacles in the tunnel.The shown in Table 2.
experience on the open approach road.This means that drivers length of the access zone is consequently equal to the safe stopping
should have adequate visual information concerning the behaviour of distance (SSD). Exit zone
other road users, the course of the road ahead and the presence of The maximum light adaptation condition of the drivers’ vision in this Visual adaptation from low to high level takes place instantaneously, but
any obstacles in the tunnel entrance, to be able to react in time with- zone, determines the luminance in the threshold zone at the beginning there are other reasons for installing an increased lighting level in the
in a safe stopping distance (SSD). Guidelines for tunnel lighting of the tunnel. exit zone:
according to CIE 88 can be found in document CIE 88-1990 “Guide CIE defines the adaptation state as L20, the average luminance in a 1 to make small cars following behind large lorries visible when the
for the lighting of road tunnels and underpasses”. conical field of view of 2 x 10° centred in the tunnel opening at the daylight at the exit is glaringly bright,
safe stopping distance from the entrance. 2 to make following cars visible in the rear-view mirror of a car leaving
When to light by day L20 measurements and recordings for the access zone over a long the tunnel and
Being adapted to the relatively high luminance outside, drivers will period are the most solid basis for the entrance lighting design (Fig. 2). 3 to convert the exit into an entrance (at reduced speed) in case of an
not be able to see details in a long tunnel, which appears on emergency or for maintenance.
approach as a ‘black hole’. For a short tunnel details may be visible in The threshold zone
negative contrast when the tunnel appears as a dark frame around a Satisfying all the relevant IEC lamp standards, a broad selection of Emergency lighting
bright background. electromagnetic control gear is offered.This programme embraces, Emergency lighting is normally part of the night-time lighting, but is fed
The decision whether a tunnel or underpass has to be lit during the among other things, ballasts for ignitor systems such as the semi-parallel from an uninterrupted power supply.
day depends on the length of the tunnel, the visibility of the exit, the (impulser) and series (superimposed) versions. What is more,
amount of natural light in the tunnel and the traffic density. high-quality HID-HighPower ballasts are available for wattage ratings
A guideline in this decision is offered by the CIE. of 1000 W and above.
Lsky
%L20
Ltrans = Lth (1.9 + t)-1.4
Lsurrounding
Linterior
Lroad
20°cone
threshold zone Transition zones Interior zone
Time
Table 1 Recommended threshold/access zone luminance ratios L 20 ≈ γ L sky + ρLroad+ εL surrounding (See CIE 88)
Stopping Symmetrical lighting Counter-beam lighting
Entrance Fig. 2 Sketch showing the 20° conical field of view referred to in the text. Fig. 3 Representation of lighting level in various zones.
distance system system
L20 Exit (m) Lth/L20 Lth/L20
Lth 60 0.05 0.04
Lexit 100 0. 0 6 0.05
160 0.10 0.07
Ltr Lint
12.2 Inspire your lighting experience Philips indoor & outdoor luminaires catalog Philips indoor & outdoor luminaires catalog Inspire your lighting experience 12.3
Tunnel and underpass lighting
Asymmetrical-counterbeam lighting
The light is radiated parallel to the tunnel axis, mainly against the
direction of the traffic flow, resulting in high efficiency and improved
contrast, but with possible shadowing and uneven wall luminances.
12.4 Inspire your lighting experience Philips indoor & outdoor luminaires catalog Philips indoor & outdoor luminaires catalog Inspire your lighting experience 12.5
Tunnel and underpass lighting
What is an underpass?
When the underpass is longer than 25 m a dark frame or a dark hole
may appear around the bright exit. Here an obstacle may completely
be invisible for an approaching driver at a distance equal to the Safe
Stopping Distance (SSD). Day time lighting.
Tunnel Is exit fully Is daylight Is the wall Is traffic heavy or light % of normal
length (m) visible penetration reflectance (or including threshold zone
when seen good or poor? high bikes and lighting level
from SSD? (>0.4) or low (<0.2)? pedestrians)? required
<25 0
Light 0
Yes
Heavy 50
Light 0
25-75 High
No Good Heavy 50
Low 50
Poor 50
Light 50
Yes
Heavy 100
Light 50
75-125 High
Good Heavy 100
No
Low 100
Poor 100
>125 100
Remark:
BS 5489 and CEN/TC 169 N290 (11th draft) show 4 lighting classes for tunnels.
Class 1: No lighting.
Class 2: Limited day light lighting of 15 cd/m2 or 3 times the interior light level, as given in above table for long tunnels, whiche-
ver is the greater.To be operated when the ambient luminance has reduced to 10 % of the maximum L20.
Class 3: Constant lighting level over the tunnel length, like the threshold zone lighting level for long tunnels. Wallring tunnel, Hamburg, Germany.
Class 4: A class with complete lighting as for long tunnels. BS recommends a night-time lighting of 3 times and CEN of twice the
outside road light level.
12.6 Inspire your lighting experience Philips indoor & outdoor luminaires catalog Philips indoor & outdoor luminaires catalog Inspire your lighting experience 12.7
Tunnel and underpass lighting
Main applications
SGX320 1xSON-T100W 220V A 12.20 910401962580
• Tunnels
SGX320 1xSON-T100W 220V S 12.20 910401962680
• Underpasses
SGX320 1xSON-T100W 220V TP 12.20 910401962480
• Basement parking areas
SGX320 1xSON-T150W 220V A 12.20 910401960880
SGX320 1xSON-T150W 220V S 12.20 910401961880
Features
SGX320 1xSON-T150W 220V TP 12.20 910401960580
• The housing consists of extruded aluminum body with die cast
SGX320 1xSON-T250W 220V A 13.20 910401960980
end plates
SGX320 1xSON-T250W 220V S 13.20 910401961980
• Reflector options:T-pot, asymmetric or symmetric
SGX320 1xSON-T250W 220V TP 13.20 910401960680
• Detachable gear tray for easy repair and maintenance
SGX320 1xSON-T400W 220V A 15.50 910401961080
• Tool-free lamp replacement
SGX320 1xSON-T400W 220V S 15.50 910401962080
• 3 types of installation options
SGX320 1xSON-T400W 220V TP 15.50 910401960780
SGX320 1xSON-T400W 230V S 15.50 911400332080
Materials and finish SGX320 2xSON-T400W 230V TP 26.00 911400331780
• Shock resistant tempered glass cover SGX320 1xSON-T250W 240V A 13.20 911400431980
• One continuous aluminum hinge with a full length closing device
A = Asymmetric
• EPDM gasket
S = Symmetric
• E40 ceramic lamp holder
TP = T-pot
SGX320
Installation
• Luminaire can be installed on ceiling or wall. Luminaire brackets to
be ordered separately. Cable gland PG13.5.
Classifications
• IP 65
• Class I
• Complies with IEC 598
IP 65
SGX320 SGX320
Dimensions in mm
34
708 194
12.8 Inspire your lighting experience Philips indoor & outdoor luminaires catalog Philips indoor & outdoor luminaires catalog Inspire your lighting experience 12.9
Tunnel and underpass lighting
Main applications
SGX220 1xSON-T70W 220V A 11.50 910401963480
• Tunnels
SGX220 1xSON-T100W 220V A 11.50 910401963380
• Underpasses
SGX220 1xTL-D36W IC 220V S 12.00 910401963680
• Basement parking areas
SGX220 1xTL-D58W IC 220V S 15.00 910401963880
SGX220 1xTL-D58W HFE 220V S 15.00 910401963580
Features
SGX220 2xTL-D36W IC 220V S 14.00 910401963280
• The housing consists of extruded aluminum body with die cast
SGX220 2xTL-D58W IC 220V S 15.00 910401963980
end plates, painted in black
A = Asymmetric
• Asymmetric (A) reflector for SON-T lamp versions and
S = Symmetric
symmetric (S) reflector for TL-D lamp versions
• Detachable gear tray for easy repair and maintenance
• Tool-free lamp replacement
• 3 types of installation options
Installation
• Luminaire can be installed on ceiling or wall. Luminaire brackets to
be ordered separately. Cable gland PG13.5.
Classifications
• IP 65
• Class I
• Complies with IEC 598
IP 65
Dimensions in mm
665 123
272
12.10 Inspire your lighting experience Philips indoor & outdoor luminaires catalog Philips indoor & outdoor luminaires catalog Inspire your lighting experience 12.11