Sahyadri Classes

Physics
Time : 1.00 hr XII - A Div Marks : 50

Electrons and Photons

1) When ultraviolet rays are incident on a A) 1.5 ×1025 B) 1.6 ×1030

photosensitive metal plate, photoemission is C) 1.72 ×1031 D) 2.8 ×1030
not possible. But it is possible by the incidence
of 8) If the threshold frequency for photoemission on
a metal corresponds to a wavelength 5000 Å,

s
A) violet rays B) infrared rays
then its work function is
C) X - rays D) α - rays

e
A) 10 J B) 16 ×10−14 J
2) A wavelength of a 1 KeV photon is 1.2 ×10−9 m. C) 4 ×10−10 J D) 4 ×10−19 J
What is the frequency of 1 MeV photon ?
A) 1.25 ×1020 Hz
C) 2.5 ×1020 Hz
B) 1.75 ×1020 Hz
D) 3.5 ×1019 Hz s
9) Ultraviolet radiation of 6.2 eV falls on a metallic

s
surface. If the work function of the metal is 4.2
eV, then the kinetic energy of the fasted
3) The time taken by a photoelectron to come out
of the photosensitive surface after the photon
strikes is approximately
l a
electron ejected from the surface is
A) 1.6 ×10−19 J
C) 3.2 ×10−25 J
B) 3.2 ×10−19 J
D) 1.6 ×10−18 J
A) 10−16 s B) 10−1 s C)

4) If gE and gM are the accelerations due to

10−4 s D) 10−10 s

i C
10) When light of wavelength 3600 nm falls on a
photosensitive plate, photoelectrons are

dr
gravity on the surface of the earth and the
moon respectively and if Millikan"s oil drop
experiment could be performed on the two
surfaces, one will find the ratio
emitted. However, for another photoelectric
emitter, light of 6000 nm is sufficient to produce
photoemission. What is the ratio of the work

a
functions of the two emitters ?
electronic charge on the moon
to be A) 5 : 2 B) 5 : 4 C) 5 : 3 D) 3 : 6

y
electronic charge on the earth
g g
A) 0 B) 1 C) E D) M 11) The work function of a metal is 4 eV. What

h
gM gE
should be the wavelength of the incident
5) The threshold wavelength for a photosensitive radiation for the emission of photoelectrons of

S a
metal plate is 5000 Å . Photoelectrons will be
emitted from it if it is irradiated by light from a
A) 50 watt infrared lamp
B) red lamp emitting light wavelength of 7000 Å
C) 25 watt ultraviolet lamp
zero velocity ?
A) 2500 A
C) 3500 A
B) 3100 A
D) 3800 A

12) When light of wavelength 3000 A falls on a

photosensitive surface (A) photoelectrons are
D) 25 watt infrared lamp
emitted. However, for another photoemitter (B),
6) The 22 cm radiowave emitted by hydrogen in light of wavelength 6000 A is required for the
interstellar space is due to the interaction called emission of photoelectrons. What is the ratio of
the hyperfine interaction in atomic hydrogen. the work functions of A and B?
What is the energy of the emitted wave ? A) 1 : 1 B) 1 : 2 C) 2 : 1 D) 4 : 1
A) 10−25 J B) 9 ×10−23 J
13) The work function of a substance is 4.0 eV. The
C) 9 ×10−25 J D) 10−18 J
longest wavelength of light that can cause
7) A radio transmitter operates at a frequency 880 photoelectron emission from this substance is
KHz and a power of 10 kW. What is the number approximately equal to
of photons emitted per second ? A) 540 nm B) 400 nm C) 310 nm D) 220 nm
 λ1 K1 + λ2 K 2 λ1 K2 + λ1 K 2
14) When photons of energy 5 eV faH on a A) B)
λ1 + λ 2 λ1 + λ2
photosensitive surface, the maximum K.E. of λ1 K1 − λ2 K 2 λ1 K2 − λ2 K 1
the photoelectrons emitted from the surface is C) D)
λ2 − λ 1 λ1 − λ2
2.5 eV. What is the stopping potential?
A) 5 V B) 2.5 V C) 7.5 V D) 1 V
20) The threshold frequency for a metallic surface
corresponds to an energy of 6.2 eV and the
15) Two identical photo sensitive surfaces receive stopping potential for a radiation incident on
light of frequencies f1 and f1 . If the velocities this surface is 5 V. In which region of the e.m.
of the photoelectrons (of mass m) coming out spectrum, the incident radiatons lie ? (h = 6.63
are respectively v1 and v2 , then ×10−34 Js)

s
2h
A) v21 − v22 = (f1 − f2 ) A) Visible region B) X-rayregion
m 1/2

e
2h C) Ultra-violet region D) Infra-red region
B) v1 + v2 = (f + f2 )
m 1

s
2h
C) v21 + v22 = (f1 + f2 ) 21) Ultraviolet light of wavelengths λ1 and λ2 (with
m

s
1/2
2h λ2 > λ1 ) when allowed to fall on hydrogen
D) v1 − v2 = (f1 − f2 ) atoms in their ground state is found to liberate
m

a
electrons with kinetic energies E1 and E2

l
16) The work functions for metals A, B and C are respectively. The value of the planck"s constant
respectively 1.92 eV, 2.0 eV and 5 eV. According can be found from the relation
1

C
to Einsteins equation the metals which will emit A) h = (λ2 − λ1 )(E1 − E2 )
photoelectrons for a radiation of wavelength c
1

i
4100 A is/are B) h = (λ2 + λ1 )(E1 + E2 )
c

r
(E − E2 )λ1 λ2
A) A only C) h = 1
c(λ2 − λ1 )
B) A and B only

d
(E1 + E2 )λ1 λ2
D) h =
C) All the three metals c(λ2 + λ1 )

a
D) C only

y
22) A metal surface is exposed to light of
17) Sodium and copper have work functions of 2.3 wavelength 600 nm. The maximum energy of

h
eV and 4.5 eV. The ratio of their corresponding the electron is doubled when light of
threshold wavelengths will be approximately wavelength 400 nm is used. What is the work

a
equal to function of the metal in eV ? [Given : hc = 1240
A) 2 : 1 B) 1 : 2 eVnm]
√

S
C) 2:1 D) 1 : 4
18) The surface of a metal is illuminated with light
of wavelength 400 nm. The kinetic energy of the
ejected photoelectrons was found to be 1.68 eV.
What is the work function of the metal ? [hC =
1240 eV . nm]
A) 3.09 eV B) 1.41 eV
C) 1.51 eV D) 1.68 eV
19) The kinetic energies of photoelectrons emitted
from a photonsensitive surface are K1 and K2 ,
when it is irradiated with lights of wavelengths
λ1 and λ2 , respectively. What is the work
function of the photosensitive surface ?
A) 1.1 eV B) 1.03 eV
C) 1.5 eV D) 1.8 eV
23) A photocell is illuminated by a point source of
light kept at a distance of 50 cm. If the source is
shifted by 50 cm away from the photocell, then
A) energy of each emitted photoelectron will be
half of the initial energy
B) energy of each photoelectron will be two times
the initial energy
C) number of emitted photoelectrons will be one
quarter of the initial number
D) number of emitted photoelectrons will be double
the initial number
24) When a point source of monochromatic light is 31) The anode voltage of a photocell is kept fixed.
at a distance of 0.2 m from a photoelectric cell, The wavelength λ of the light falling on the
the cut-off voltage and the saturation current cathode is gradually changed. The variation of
are 0.6 volt and 18 m A respectively. If the same the plate current (I) of the photocell with
source is placed 0.6 m away from the wavelength λ is as shown in the figure −−−−−−−.
photoelectric cell, then
A) the saturation current will be 18 mA
B) the saturation current will be 6 mA
C) the stopping potential will be 0.6 V
D) the stopping potential will be 0.2 V

25) The cathode of a photocell is changed such that

the work function changes from W1 to W2 ( W2
> W1 ). If the currents before and after change

e s
are I1 and I2 , all other conditions remaining
unchanged, then (assuming hv > W2 )
A) I1 < I2 < 2I1 B) I1 > I2

s s
32) The figure shows the variation of photoelectric
current with anode potential for a
C) I1 < I2 D) I1 = I2

26) A photocell is illuminated by a small bright

l a
photo-sensitive surface for three different
radiations. Let Ia , Ib and Ic be the intensities
and fa , fb and fc be the frequencies for the

C
source placed 1 m away. When the same source curves a, b and c respectively then
of light is placed (1/2) m away, the number of

i
electrons emitted by the photocathode

r
A) increases by a factor of 2
B) decreases by a factor of 4

a d
C) increases by a factor of 4
D) decreases by a factor of 2 A) fa = fb and Ia 6= Ib
C) fa = fb and Ia = Ib
B) fa = fc and Ia = Ic
D) fa = fb and Ia = Ib

y
27) The momentum of a photon of electromagnetic
radiation is 3.3 ×10−29 kg m/s. The frequency

h
of radiation is [ h = 6.6 × 10−34 Js]
A) 2.5 ×1015 Hz B) 1.5 ×1013 Hz
C) 6 ×1013 Hz

MeV in kg m /s?
A) 5 ×10−24
S a D) 5 ×1015 Hz

28) What is the momentum of a photon of energy 1

B) 5.1 ×10−22
33) According to Einstein"s photoelectric equation,
the graph between the kinetic energy of
photoelectrons ejected and the frequency of
C) 7.5 ×10−19 D) 12 ×108 incident radiation is correctly shown in figure
29) Photon of frequency v has a momentum ——–
associated with it. If C is the velocity of light,
the momentum is
A) hvC B) v/C C) hv/C2 D) hv/C

30) If a source of power 4 kW produces 1020

photons/second, the radiation belongs to a part
of the spectrum called
A) γ -rays B) X-rays
C) Ultraviolet rays D) Microwaves
34) The figure shows the variation of photoelectric 39) The ratio of momenta of an electron and an α
current (i) with anode potential (V) for a −particle which are accelerated from rest by a
photosensitive surface for two radiations of potential difference of 100 V is
r
intensities Ia and Ib and frequencies va and vb
r r
2me me me
for the curves a and b respectively. It follows A) 1 B) C) D)
mα mα 2mα
from the graph that
40) When the kinetic energy of an electron is
increased the wavelength of the associated
wave will
A) increase

s
B) decrease
C) wavelength does not depends upon kinetic

e
energy
A) va = vb , Ib < Ia B) va = vb , Ib > Ia D) None of the above
C) va < vb , Ib > Ia D) va < vb , Ib = Ia

35) The number of photoelectrons emitted by light s

41) The dimensions of Planck"s constant is the

s
same as the product of

a
of a frequency v (higher than the threshold A) force and time

l
frequency v0 ) is proportional to B) force,displacement and time
A) threshold frequency( v0 ) C) force and distance

C
B) frequency of incident light(v) D) time and displacement
C) v − v0
D) intensity of the incident light

r
36) According to Einsteins photoelectric equation, i
42) In photoelectric effect if the intensity of light is
doubled, then maximum kinetic energy of
photoelectrons will become

a d
the graph of the kinetic energy of the emitted
photoelectrons from a metal against the
frequency of the incident radiation gives a
A) double
C) four times
B) half
D) no change

y
straight line whose slope : 43) Which of the following is not the property of the
photons?
A) is the same for all metals and independent of

ah
the intensity of the radiation
B) depends both on the intensity of the radiation
and the metal used
C) depends on the intensity of the radiation
A) Momentum
C) Charge
B) Energy
D) Velocity

44) The momentum of a photon of energy 1 MeV in

S
kg−m/s−1 , will be
D) depends on the nature of the metal used A) 0.33 × 106 B) 7 × 10−24
C) 10−22 D) 5 × 10−22
37) When light of wavelength λ is incident on
photosensitive surface, the stopping potential 45) When intensity of incident light increases
is V.When light of wavelength 3λ is incident on
V A) photo−current increases
same surface, the stopping potential is
6 B) photo−current decreases
.Threshold wavelength for the surface is
C) kinetic energy of emitted photoelectrons
A) 2λ B) 3λ C) 4λ D) 5λ increases
D) kinetic energy of emitted photoelectrons
38) The wavelength λe of an electron and λp of a decreases
photon of same energy E are related by −
A) λp ∝ λ2e B) λp ∝ λe 46) A photoelectric cell is illuminated by a point
√ 1 source of light 1 m away. When the source is
C) λp ∝ λe D) λp ∝ √
λe shifted to 2 m then
 A) each emitted electron carries half the initial
energy
B) number of electrons emitted is a quarter of the
initial number
C) each emitted electron carries one quarter of the
initial energy
D) number of electrons emitted is half the initial
number
47) If nR and nV denote the number of photons
emitted by a red bulb and violet bulb of equal
power in a given time, then
A) nR = nV
C) nR < nV
B) nR > nV
D) nR > nV

e s
48) An electron is accelerated from rest to potential
V. The final velocity of electron is

A)
r
eV
B)
r
4eV
C)
r
eV
D)
r
2eV

s s
a
2M m m m
49) The dual nature of light is exhibited by
A) diffraction and photoelectric effect
B) photoelectric effect

Cl
C) refraction and interference

r
D) diffraction and reflection
50) Energy of photon whose frequency is 1012 MHz, i
will be
A) 4.14 × 103 keV
C) 4.14 × 103 MeV
a d B) 4.14 × 102 eV
D) 4.14 × 103 eV

hy
S a
 Answer Sheet

Physics : Electrons and Photons

Total Questions : 50 Total Marks : 50

1 C 2 C 3 D 4 B 5 C 6 B 7 C 8 D 9 B 10 C 11 B 12 C
13 C 14 B 15 A 16 B 17 A 18 B 19 C 20 C 21 C 22 B 23 C 24 C

s
25 D 26 C 27 B 28 B 29 D 30 B 31 D 32 A 33 D 34 B 35 D 36 A
37 D 38 A 39 D 40 B 41 B 42 D 43 C 44 D 45 A 46 B 47 B 48 D
49 A 50 D

se
a s
Cl
r i
a d
hy
S a
 Solution Sheet

Physics : Electrons and Photons

Total Questions : 50 Total Marks : 50

1) Consider VIBGYOR, for photoemission 7) Frequency of the transmitter (v) = 880 Kz = 880
(λ < λultraviolet ) ×103 Hz
OR v > vultraviolet . Thus it is X-rays. Power of the transmitter = 10 kW = 10 ×103 = 104
e W
2) Frequency of 1 KeV photon is v1 = = 2.5 × 1017 Work Energy

s
λ1 But Power = =
Hz T ime T ime
But by Planck"s law E = hv and for n photons, E =

e
Energy of a photon E = hv
nhv
∴ E2 = Energy of 1 MeV photon = 106 eV nhv
∴P= if N = no. of photons emitted/s, then N

s
E1 = Energy of 1 KeV photon = 103 eV t
E hv2 v2 106 n
∴ 2 = = 3 = 103 =

s
∴ t
E1 hv1 v1 10 ∴ P = Nhv
∴ v2 = 103 v1 = 103 × 2.5 × 1017 = 2.5 × 1020 Hz P 104

a
∴N= =

l
3) The time taken by the photoelectron to come out
hv 6.63 × 10 −34 × 880 × 103
+ 1.72 × 10 31
after the photon strikes
Note : Use directly Power = Nhv where N = number
it is approximately 10−10 s.

C
of
P
4) The electronic charge [e = 1.6 × 10−19 C] is a photons emitted/s or N = . [Remember the

i
universal hv
formula]

dr
constant. It does not depend upon g.
electronic charge on the moon
electronic charge on the earth
[gmoon and gearth are different but
=1
8) W0 =
hc
λ0
==
W0 + 4 × 10−19 J
6.63 × 10−34 × 3 × 108
5 × 10−7

a
emoon = eearth ] 9) Max K.E. = hv − W0 = 6.2 − 4.2 = 2 eV
= 2 × 1.6 × 10−19 = 3.2 × 10−19 J

y
5) λ should be less. Hence Ultraviolet lamp.
W1 hC λ λ 6000 5
6) λ = 22cm = 22 × 10−2 m = 2.2 × 10−3 m 10) = × 2 = 2 = =

h
W2 λ1 hC λ1 3600 3
Energy of the wave = Energy of the photon hc
6.6 × 10−34 × 3 × 108 11) For photo emission hv = = W0 + EK but in this

a
hc λ
E = hv = =
λ 22 × 10−3 case EK = 0 as the velocity is zero.
= 3 × 3 × 10−34+3+8 = 9 × 10−23 J hc
∴ = W0

S
λ
hc 6.62 × 10−34 × 3 × 108
∴λ= =
W0 4 × 1.6 × 10−19
6.63 × 3
= × 10−7
6.4
= 3.1 × 10−7 × 1010 A = 3100 A
hc W1 λ 2
12) W0 = ∴ = 2 =
λ0 W2 λ1 1
12400 12400
13) λ(inA) = = = 3100 A = 310 nm
W(eV) 4
1
14) Max. K.E. = mv2 = eV0 ∴ eV0 = 2.5eV
2
∴ stopping potential = 2.5 V
15) According to Einstein"s photoelectric equation 20) From Einstein"s photoelectric equation
1 1
hf = hf0 + mv2 [f = n or v] E = hv0 + mv2 = hv0 + eV0
2 2
1 2 where K.E. of the ejected electron = e V0 = 5eV
∴ mv = hf − hf0 = h(f − f0 )
2 where V0 is the stopping potential and h v0 =
2h threshold energy
∴ v2 = (f − f0 )
m ∴ E = 6.2eV + 5eV = 11.2eV
2h 2h
∴ v21 = (f − f0 ) and v22 = (f − f0 ) = 11.2 × 1.6 × 10−19 J
m 1 m 2 hc
2h but E = hv =
∴ v21 = v22 = (f = f0 = f2 + f0 ) λ
m 1 hc 6.63 × 10−34 × 3 × 108
2h ∴λ= =
= (f − f2 ) E 11.2 × 1.6 × 10−19
m 1

s
= 1.11 × 10 m −7
hc
16) Energy of the incident radiation = = 1110 A

e
λ
6.63 × 10−34 × 3 × 108 This wavelength lies in the ultraviolet region.
= J

s
41 × 10−8 hc
−18 21) ∵ E = hv =
19.89 × 10 λ
= eV + 3 eV

s
41 × 1.6 × 10−19 The energies of radiations of wavelengths λ1 and
For metals A and B, WA = 1.92 eV and WB = 2 eV λ2 are
hc hc

a
∴ This is less than 3 eV, the energy of incident given by E1 = hv1 = and E2 = .

l
radiation. λ1 λ2
∵ λ2 > λ1 , E1 >E2
∴ Photoemission is possible for A and B. 
1 1 hc(λ2 − λ1 )
However for C, WC = 5 eV. Hence the ∴ E1 − E2 = hc − =

C
λ 1 λ2 λ 1 λ2
photoemission is not possible. (E1 − E2 )λ1 λ2

i
hC 1 ∴h=
17) W0 = hv = ∴λ∝ c(λ2 − λ1 )

r
λ W0 hc
λs Wc 4.5 2 22) (Kmax )1 = − W0
∴ = = + λ1
2.3 1

d
λc Ws hc
and (Kmax )2 = − W0
18) According to Einstein"s photoelectric equation, λ2

a
(K.E.)max = hv − W0 (where W0 is the work where W0 is the work function.
function) ∵ (Kmax )2 =  2(Kmax)1 (given) 

y
hC hc hc
= − W0 ∴ − W0 = 2 − W0
λ λ2 λ1

h
hC But hc = 1240 eVnm
∴ W0 = − Kmax 1240
 
1240

λ ∴ − W0 = 2 − W0

a
1240
= − 1.68 = 3.1 − 1.68 = 1.42 eV 400  600
400 1240
hC =2 − 2W0
600

S
19) In the first case, the K.E., K = hv − W0 = − W0
λ
 
2 × 1240 1240 2 1
hC hC ∴ W0 = − = 1240 −
∴ K1 = − W0 or = K1 + W0 600 400 600 400
λ1 λ1 1240
or hC = λ1 (K1 + W0 ) · · · (1) = + 1.03 eV
1200
Similarly, in the second case hC = λ2 (K2 + W0 ) 2
50 2 1
 
I2 d1
∴ From (1) and (2), λ1 (K1 + W0 ) = λ2 (K2 + W0 ) 23) = 2 = =
I1 d2 100 4
∴ λ1 K1 + λ1 W0 = λ2 K2 + λ2 W0
∴ λ1 K1 − λ2 K2 = (λ2 − λ1 )W0
λ K − λ2 K 2
∴ W0 = 1 1
λ2 − λ 1
24) The stopping potential (cut off voltage) does not 28) For a photon E
depend = mc2 = (mc) × c = (momentum) × (c)
upon the intensity of the incident light. E 1MeV
∴ Momentum (mc) = =
∴ It will be 0.6 V. c 3 × 108
However, the intensity ∝
1 1.6 × 10−19 × 106
=
(distance)2 3 × 108
∴ If the distance is increased to 3 times, the = 5.1 × 10−22 kg m/s
intensity will mC2 E hv
1 29) p = mC = = =
become and the saturation current is C C C
9
proportional to 30) Power of the source = 4 kW = 4 × 103 W
intensity. Work Energy

s
But Power = =
I 18 t T ime
∴ I2 will be 1 = = 2 mA But E = hv and for n photons, E = nhv
9 9

e
nhv n
25) The photoelectric current depends upon the ∴P= = Nhv where N = = no. of photons
t t

s
intensity of the incident emitted/sec 
Nhc c 
light. It does not depend upon the work function ( ∴P= ∵v=

s
λ λ
W0 ) of the Nhc 1020 × 6.63 × 10−34 × 3 × 108
photosensitive surface, as long as hv > W0 . In this ∴λ= =

a
P 4 × 103
case, there is

l
+ 5 × 10 m = 50 × 10−10 = 50 A
−9
no change in the intensity of the incident light. Thus this wavelength lies in the X-ray region.
Hence I1 = I2 .

C
1 31) According to Einstein"s equation hv = W0 + Kmax
26) The intensity ∝ Power of the source and ∝ 2 . ∴ Kmax = hv−W0
d

i
In this case P remains constant (same source) and hc
Kmax = −W0

r
the number λ
hc
of photoelectrons emitted from a source depends As the wavelength λ is increased, and Kmax will
λ

d
upon the decrease.
I d2 Number of photoelectrons reaching the plate will
intensity of light and 2 ∝ 21 .

a
I1 d2 decrease
d 2
n I and hence photoelectric current will decrease.

y
∴ 2 = 2 ∝ 12
n1 I1 d2 This is shown in graph (d).

h
d 2
n n
∴ 2 ∝  12 = 2 ∝ 4 32) We find that the curves "a" and "b" have the same
n1 d1 n1 stopping potential.

∴ n2 = 4n1

factor of 4.
27) Momentum
2

S a
∴ The number of emitted electrons increase by a

of a photon, P = mass × velocity

∴ fa = fb and fc is different.
Similarly the saturation currents for b and c are
equal but they are
different for a and b. Saturation currents are
proportional to the

E hv
 intensities. Hence Ib = Ic but Ib > Ia or Ia 6= Ib .
∵m= 2 = 2 Thus (a) is the correct option.
c c
hv hv 33) K.E. (K) = hv−W0 = hv−hv0 = h(v−v0 )
P = 2 ×c =
c c The graph between K.E. and v is a straight line as
Pc 3.3 × 10−29 × 3 × 108
∴v= = shown
h 6.6 × 10−34 in figure (d). It has an intercept ( v0 ) on the v−axis.
13
∴ v = 1.5 × 10 Hz
 h 1
34) (i) For a photosensitive surface 38) λe = √ or λe = √
Emax = eV0 = hv − W0 . 2mE E
1
Since for both surfaces V0 is the same. or λ2e ∝ ...(1)
E
∴ hva − W0 = hvb − W0 · · · (1) hc
Similarly work function W0 has the same value for Wavelength of photon ⇒ λp =
E
the same surface for both the radiations. 1
or λp ∝ ...(2)
∴ From (1) hva = hvb or va = vb E
From equation (1) and (2)
(ii) The saturation current is more for radiation (b)
λ2e ∝ λp
than r
for radiation (a). Hence the intensity Ib > Ia . 2qV
39) Momentum p = mv and v =
Thus (b) is the correct choice. √ m

s
p = 2qmV
√
35) The number of photoelectrons is proportional to the p = qm

e
r
intensity pe eme
=
of incident light. It does not depend upon v. pα 2emα

s
r
pe me
36) The graph of K.E. against frequency is a straight ∴ =
pα 2mα

s
line. The slope of the
h h
graph is "h" i.e. the Planck"s constant. As it is a 40) λ = = √

a
ρ 2mE
universal constant,

l
1
it does not depend upon the intensity of radiation ∴λ= √
E
and has the same

C
value for all metals. 41) The dimensions
  h of Planck constant,
E 2 −1
i
[h] = = ML T

i
v h i
Force , [F] = MLT −2

dr Displacement, [d] = [L]

Time [t] = [T] h i
∴ [F] [d] [t] = MLT −2 [L][T ]

a
h i
= ML2 T −1

y
37) According to question, using Einstein"s

h
photoelectric equation
hc
λ
− φ = eV
42) Kmax of photoelectrons does not depend upon
intensity of incident light.
43) A photon is a particle which has zero charge

a
In first case, for λ stopping potential is V
i.e. equation becomes and zero mass and is denoted by γ.
hc The energy of photon is E=hv

S
− φ = eV ......(i)
λ Here, v=frequency and h=Planck"s constant.
Similarly in second case, for 3λ stopping The momentum of the photon is h/v and its
V
potential is velocity is the velocity of light c. So, the charge
6
i.e. equation becomes is not the property of photons.
hc eV
−φ =
3λ 6
2hc
⇒ − φ = eV .....(ii)
λ
From Eqs. (i) and (ii) by subtracting
hc
= eV + φ
λ
2hc −−−
= eV + 6φ ⇒
λ hc
= 5φ
λ
hc
and φ =
λ0
Thus, λ0 = 5λ
44) Energy of photon is given by 47) Photons are the packets of energy (or energy
hc particle)
E= (i)
λ which are emitted by a source of radiation. Energy
where h is the Plancks constant, c the velocity of
possessed by a photon is given by
light and λ its wavelength. hc
de−Broglie wavelength is given by E = hv =
λ
hc If power of each photon is P, then energy given out
λ= (ii)
p in t second is equal to Pt.Let the number of photons
where p is being momentum of photon. be n, then
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get Pt Pt Ptλ
hc n= = =
E= = pc E (hc/λ) hc
h/p PtλR

s
or p = E/c For red light, nR =
hc
Given, E=1 MeV = 1 × 106 × 1.6 × 10−19 J PtλV

e
For violet light, nV =
c = 3 × 108 m/s hc
n λ
Hence, after putting numerical values, we obtain ∴ R = R
p=
1 × 106 × 1.6 × 10−19

p = 5 × 10 −
3 × 108
22 kg−m/s
kg−m/s
nV
As λR > λV
λV

So, nR > nV

s s
a
Number of photoelectrons emitted per second is 48) When a charged particle is accelerated by an

l
directly proportional to intensity of light. electric field
(uniform or non−uniform), by work−energy theorem,
45) According to Einstein"s theory of photoelectric

C
∆KE = W , we have
effect a single incident 1 1
photon ejects a single electron. Therefore, when mv2 − mu2 = qV (∵ W = qV)

i
2 2
intensity increases, For electron,

r
the number of incident photons increases, so 1 1
mv2 − mu2 = eV
number of ejected 2 2

d
s  
electrons increases, hence, photocurrent 2eV
or v = u2 +
increases. m

a
1 If electron is initially at rest,u=0
Now, maximum energy of electron = mv2max and
2
s

y

1 2eV
2
mvmax = eV0 v=
2 m

h
where V0 is stopping potential.
Thus, the maximum kinetic energy of the electrons 49) Diffraction exhibits wave nature of light and

a
does not depend photoelectric effect exhibits quantum nature
upon the intensity of the incident rays, because the of light. Hence, diffraction and photoelectric
stopping potential

S
effect exhibit dual nature of light.
is not affected by the increase of the intensity of
rays. 50) Using the relation
E = hv = 6.63 × 10−34 × 1018 J
46) Intensity of light source is 6.63 × 10−16
1 = eV
I∝ 2 1.6 × 10−19
d = 4.14 × 103 eV
When distance is doubled, intensity becomes
one−fourth.
As number of photoelectrons ∞ intensity, so
number of
photoelectrons is quarter of the initial number.