1.

WHAT GRAMMAR TO TEACH WHEN

5.1 The CEFR (Common European Framework of Reference)

If ever you are required to design your own syllabus, the table in the following page from the CEFR for teaching grammar
should be useful for helping you decide in which order to teach different aspects of grammar. You will notice that the
grammar aspects are recycled / revised at different moments of progress. (Refer to Module 1, The CEFR to remind yourself
about this important framework).
A1 BASIC A2 HIGH BASIC B1 INTERMEDIATE B2 HIGH INTER. C1 ADVANCED

Grammar Adjectives: common and Adjectives – comparative – use Adverbs Adjectives and Futures (revision)
demonstrative of than and definite article Broader range of intensifiers adverbs Inversion with negative
Adverbs of frequency Adjectives – superlative – use such as too, enough Future Continuous adverbials
Comparatives and of definite article Comparatives and superlatives Future Perfect Mixed conditionals in
superlatives Going to Adverbial phrases of time, place Complex question tags Future Perfect past, present and
How much/how many and very and frequency – including Conditionals, 2nd and 3rd Continuous future
common uncountable nouns word order Connecting words expressing Mixed conditionals Modals in the past
I’d like Adverbs of frequency cause and effect, contrast Modals – can’t Narrative tenses for
Imperatives Articles – with countable and etc. have, needn’t experience, incl.
(+/-) uncountable nouns Future Continuous have passive
Intensifiers - very basic Countables and uncountables: Modals - must/can’t Modals of deduction Passive forms, all
Modals: much/ many deduction and speculation Phrasal verbs,
can/can’t/could/couldn’t Past Future time (will and going to) Modals – might, may, will, Narrative tenses especially splitting
Simple of “to be” Gerunds probably Reported speech Wish/if only regrets
Past Simple Going to Modals – should have/might (range of tenses)
Possessive adjectives Imperatives have etc. Simple passive
Possessive s Modals – can/could Modals: must/have to Passives
Prepositions, Modals – have to Past Continuous Past Perfect
common Modals – should Past Perfect Past Perfect
Prepositions of place Continuous
Prepositions of time, including
in/on/at
Present Continuous Past Continuous Past Simple Phrasal verbs,
Present Simple Past Simple Past tense responses extended
Pronouns: simple, personal Phrasal verbs – common Phrasal verbs, extended Relative clauses
Questions Possessives – use of ‘s, s’ Present Perfect Continuous Reported speech
There is/are Prepositional phrases (place, Present Perfect/Past Simple Will and going to,
To be, including question + time and movement) Wh- questions in the past for prediction
negatives Prepositions of time: on/in/at Will and going to, for Wish
Verb + ing: like/hate/love Present Continuous prediction Would expressing
Present Continuous for future habits, in the past
Present Perfect
Questions
Verb + ing/infinitive:
like/want-would like
Wh-questions in past
Zero and 1st conditional