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Product Market Study 5/2008

THE MARKET FOR TROPICAL HARDWOOD IN DENMARK

Introduction

Denmark is the southernmost country of both Scandinavia (Denmark, Sweden, and Norway)
and of the so-called Nordic Region (which additionally includes Finland and Iceland). To the
south, it borders on Germany.

Although it has a relatively small population of about 5.5 million, Denmark is a good market for
tropical hardwood; this is due to the fact that the Danes pride themselves for their unique style
in architecture and interior design, commonly known as ‘Danish design’, which is characterized
by minimalist, pure forms and – often – the use of bare, beautifully patterned wood. Danish
architects use a lot of wood, both on the inside as well as on the outside of their buildings. Also,
Denmark has an internationally renowned furniture industry which uses wood a lot; however,
Denmark’s indigenous forests are very small. (See http://www.visitdenmark.com/uk/en-
gb/menu/turist/inspiration/detkulturelledanmark/design/danish-design.htm for more background
on Danish design).

As an example of the larger Scandinavian ‘welfare state’ model, Denmark has experienced
strong economic growth in 2005 to 2007 by an average of 3.1%. The first half of 2008 still saw a
healthy economic growth of 2.4%, but by the second half of 2008, as a result of the global credit
crisis, the Danish economy entered into recession. But yet, since the international banking
sector is not as big as in the U.K. or the Netherlands, the economy in Denmark has strong
fundamentals as it relies on services, international trade, but also has a strong basis in
manufacturing, with a specialisation in sustainability (Denmark is the world’s largest producer
and exporter of windmills for electricity). The Gross Domestic Product per capita is the second
largest in Europe, at € 35,900 (or US$ 50,260) per annum. On the basis this high GDP per
capita, welfare benefits, a low income distribution, and political stability, the Danish people
enjoy high living standards.

The Danish economy at large

The Danish production industry is dominated by small and medium-sized enterprises with niche
productions of a high technical standard. Compared to other industrialized countries, even the
largest Danish companies are, with few exceptions, only medium-sized. Due to an increasing
specialisation, division of tasks, and seasonality, however, a large range of products is also
imported to Denmark. The Danish industry is mainly constituted of light manufacturing and
reprocessing, and production is often characterized by a high degree of specialization in a
particular, well-defined field.

Denmark has a small, open economy highly dependent on trade with other countries. As foreign
trade accounts for most of the GDP, Denmark has a strong interest in the free exchange of
goods and services between countries. Foreign trade accounts for two thirds of GDP and
around two thirds of the total foreign trade are with other EU countries. In 2007, total Danish
imports amounted to US$ 78,443.9 million, and total Danish exports were valued at US$
82,248.3 million.

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Denmark’s international outlook is reflected in the fact that the population commands excellent
language skills, English being considered a natural second language. Cross-border
communication in Scandinavia is aided by the fact that Danes, Norwegians and Swedes are
highly adept at understanding each other's languages. Among the younger generations
especially, it is common to be skilled in several European languages, including German, French
and Spanish.

Market definition & size

This market survey covers import of tropical hardwood as defined by the Combined
Nomenclature (CN) for statistics in the European Union as follows:

CN number* description
4403 Wood in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or roughly squared
4407 Tropical sawn timber – wood sawn lengthwise, sliced or peeled, whether or
not planed, sanded or finger jointed, of a thickness exceeding 6 mm
4408 Veneer and other sawn wood lengthwise, sliced or peeled, whether or not
planed, sanded or finger-jointed of a thickness not exceeding 6 mm
4412 Plywood, veneered panels and similar laminated wood
4418 Builders joinery and carpentry of tropical wood (doors, windows and frames)

*) CN is an 8-digit trade classification system used by the European Union for tariff purposes. The
system is directly linked to the 6-digit Harmonized System (HS) used by the vast majority of trading
nations throughout the world.

Danish imports of unprocessed wood, sawn wood, veneer and plywood in 2007 amounted to a
value of almost 5.5 billion DKK. Two thirds of this originated in the neighbouring countries
Sweden, Finland and Germany. The import of wood products for construction (such as joinery
and carpentry) amounted to a value of approximately 5.5 billion DKK. The value of imports of
unprocessed wood and of wood products thus totals to about 11 billion DKK; the total value of
imports of tropical hardwood, (raw and sawn) veneer, plywood, carpentry and joinery in 2007
amounted to about DKK 450 million or about 4% of the total. In the EU, Denmark is the 9 th
largest importer of wood, with a very high per capita import of wood relating to the fact that
Danish exports of wood products – particularly furniture is relatively high while the forest area is
relatively small (538.000 ha).

Imports

Below, please find Danish imports of timber and timber products (as defined in paragraph
above).

Denmark’s imports of timber & timber products 2005-2007


2005 2006 2007
million DKK million US$ million DKK million US$ million DKK million US$
Total 5,187.5 (863.4) 5,852.0 (1,051.3) 5,450.7 (1,119.8)
Malaysia 97.3 (16.2) 92.5 (16.6) 87.2 (17.8)
Source: Statistics Denmark

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Both the total value of imports as well as the value of imports from Malaysia has decreased in
2007 compared to 2006 when calculated in the Danish currency, the Danish Krona (DKK).
However, when calculated in US dollars, total imports as well as imports from Malaysia
increase – this is mainly due to the depreciation of the dollar against most European currencies
in that period.

With regards to Denmark’s total imports of products under CN codes 4403, 4407, 4408, 4412
and 4418 Malaysia represents only less than 2 % of the total value of imports of these product
groups. But among Danish sources of timber from non-temperate areas, Malaysia has a market
share of more than 10%.

Malaysia’s most important competitors in tropical hardwood for Denmark are:

• China – with a value of Danish imports in timber and timber products amounting to US$
33.6 million. China is growing fast as a source of imports for the Danish timber and
furniture industry. China, however, is not so strong in sawn logs, but more in plywood
and joinery & carpentry; this is also helped by the fact that a few Danish companies
have outsourced production of furniture parts to China and invested in production
facilities there.

• Brazil – is now the second largest source of tropical timber for Denmark. Its share of
tropical hardwood timber grew by 299% between 2001 and 2005. As a reason for this
success, according to the large wood importing companies, is the introduction of a
centralized computer-based certification system, making it possible for the European
importers to control the origin and legal status of the wood. In comparison to a previous
system based on paper, the computer based system makes fraud much more difficult.

• Thailand – Danish imports of tropical timber and timber products from Thailand
amounted to US$ 8.8 million in 2007. Veneer is increasingly being used in industrial
production of furniture and kitchen cupboards. Like Burma, Thailand is a producer of
high quality teak and mahogany. Thailand’s share of the export of builder’s joinery and
carpentry to Denmark declined. According to Danish importers the requirement
specifications to joinery and carpentry are complex and change quickly. Therefore there
is a tendency to buy these products from high productivity suppliers in Europe, or
outsource to China.

• Indonesia – Danish imports of plywood, veneered panels and laminated wood from
Indonesia have slowly declined in the past years, to a value of US$ 10.3 million in 2007.
Indonesia has a long trading tradition with Denmark. Indonesian plywood, panels and
laminated wood are used in floor and door manufacturing.

• Myanmar/Burma – Burma used to be a very important supplier for tropical timber and
timber products to Denmark, as it is almost the only country in the world that still has
teak grown in natural forests; natural growth provides the wood with special qualities of
durability and deep glow. There was a long tradition of using Burma teak in Danish
designer furniture and in ship building because the Burmese teak can stand the wear of
salt water. Tradition for trade among Burma, Thailand and Denmark dates back to the
start of the East Asiatic Company in 1897. Imports from Myanmar/Burma have been
criticized in the media. According to the EU, the country is a military dictatorship known

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for systematic violations of human rights. As a consequence of the political situation in
Burma, imports from Burma have dwindled, and amounted to less than US$ 0.3 million
in 2007.

• Other, smaller competitors include the Republic of Congo, Mali, and Equador.

Malaysia managed to gain on its competitors. A reason for the increase of the export of
Malaysian tropical wood to Denmark is the existence of a Malaysian wood certification system.
In comparison to other developing countries Malaysia has been proactive and has established
the Malaysian Timber Certification Council (MTCC), which is recognised by the Danish Ministry
of Environment in its guidelines for procurement of timber. However, MTCC is criticised by
importers for not fulfilling requirements to securing legality and sustainability of wood and thus
the reputation of MTCC is mixed among stakeholders in the Danish wood sector. It is not clear
why export of plywood, panels and laminated wood from Malaysia to Denmark has declined.
This might be because China has become such a large exporter to Denmark in this area, and
as in other sectors of industry, China is recognised as a stable supplier, delivering according to
specifications at low cost.

Market trends

There clearly is an unfulfilled demand for certified tropical wood and timber products in
Denmark. The challenge for Malaysian suppliers lies in precision regarding specifications and
stability regarding delivery.

In a publication by the Danish Import Promotion Programma (DIPP), a major importer of one of
Denmark’s largest wood trading and processing companies, emphasizes that it sees the market
for certified tropical wood as a “suppliers’ market”. According to him, all the certified tropical
wood available can be sold.

With regards to lesser known species of timber, the Chairman of the Board of the Forest
Stewardship Council (FSC) in Denmark views the market in this way,”It is correct - in a way -
that it is a sellers’ market today. But this is only valid for the ten to fifteen most commercial
types of wood, which are known internationally, which are also the ones traded by the
international companies. The less known types of wood do not have a market in Europe. Only if
this new kind of wood is delivered with an FSC certificate it may open the door.”

Still, Danish imports of tropical wood and timber products are decreasing when calculated in
Danish Kroner. Several factors may be seen to contribute to the development in imports of
tropical wood:
• A reason for the decline in imports of tropical hardwood relates to the competition and
internationalisation of the sector. Due to competition, wood trading companies generally
become larger in terms of turnover, internationalised and/or more specialised. The
companies place their warehouses, sawmills and manufacturing where it is economically
most advantageous. For example some Danish import companies have warehouses in
Germany - wood that used to be registered as “imported to Denmark” may thus today be
re-exported without reaching Denmark.
• Many manufacturers move their production to countries with lower labour cost than the
Danish or European costs; the aim is also to reduce transportation costs. As an example
some of the large importers of garden furniture - a key commodity manufactured from

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tropical wood - import the furniture directly from developing countries. Design often takes
place in Denmark or Europe to secure that the furniture match Danish consumer
preferences.
• A market survey from the Dutch CBI (Centre for Promotion of Imports from Developing
Countries) notes an increasing preference for temperate timber. For Denmark
preferences appear to depend on the type of product.

Some consumer or market trends which have been observed lately by DIPP:
• Denmark has an extensive coastline with a considerable number of harbours. The
seawater is salt and special worms in the water tend to attack the piers, the reason why
tropical hardwood has been found to be the only product with sufficient strength and
flexibility.
• In large apartment buildings of good standards, each apartment often has a balcony. It
has become fashion to construct such balconies from tropical hardwood, because it is
durable in the wet and harsh Danish weather.
• Garden furniture is often made from tropical hardwood that is durable in the wet Danish
weather, and the majority of tropical hardwood garden furniture imported is FSC certified.
• In parallel with media coverage related to global climate problems campaigns for
ecological and fair trade products have been run within the last year increasing the
awareness and demand from consumers that products should be produced under
conditions that are environmentally and socially sustainable, which again points to the
relevance of FSC and/or fair trade arrangements.
• Tropical hardwood is increasingly used for window frames – sometimes in combination
with metal - again the durability in the tough Danish weather conditions is an appreciated
quality.
• Floors from tropical hardwood are often used in public buildings due to its durability and
they are both constructed using veneer and solid wood, the latter is preferred for long
term durability.

Specific Danish requirements regarding use of tropical hardwood

In 2003, the Danish Ministry of Environment issued guidelines for procurement of tropical timber
aimed at procurement staff in public organisations, and recommended for use by private
organisations. The guidelines recommend that requirements to forest management and
handling of wood are made before any import takes place. Three levels of requirements are
outlined:

• The lowest level requires documentation for lawful production: i.e. that the exporter has
the right to log the timber, that national laws are adhered to, that taxes and duties are
paid and that the timber is not vulnerable as defined in the UN Convention on
International Trade of Endangered Wildlife and Species (CITES).

• The second level is documentation for lawful production progressing towards


sustainability; implying that the public authorities of the country are in the process of
managing natural resources in a sustainable and socially and economically responsible
manner. The exporting organisation should be encouraged to contribute through a
strategy for sustainable management of its own forest resources.

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• The highest level is documentation for lawful and sustainable production. This is more or
less equivalent to the requirements for FSC and/or Chain of Custody certification.

In 2007, the Ministry of Environment commissioned an evaluation of the guidelines for


procurement of tropical hardwood. The main conclusions were that the guidelines are not
commonly used by public procurement officers, because the guidelines were too general and
not operational.

Based on this evaluation, the Minister for Environment has launched a 9-point plan to improve
public procurement of timber, which includes:

1. Expand the purchasing guidelines to all types of timber


2. Make guidelines more user-friendly to compliance regarding legality and sustainability of
the timber
3. Call upon federations and other stakeholders to focus on legality and sustainability
4. Support green procurement policies in all sector ministries
5. Promote green procurement policy in general
6. Promote green and environmental friendly procurement in international forums
7. Promote certification of forests

Until the new guidelines are ready, the Ministry recommends that legality and sustainability of
wood to be procured are secured through use of the following types of certification:
• Canadian Standard Association (CSA)
• FSC
• MTCC
• Programme for endorsement of Forest Certification Schemes (PEFC) – the
forestry industry’s answer to the FSC
• Sustainable Forest Initiative – founded by the American Forest and Paper
Association

Trade structure of the Danish wood sector

The majority of the tropical wood is imported to Denmark by specialised wood importing
companies, often using purchasing agents. Some of these are international with subsidiaries
worldwide, some specialise in trading of wood, whereas others combine this with sawmills,
manufacturing and/or outlets and retail in Denmark. The Danish importers of wood are
organised in the Dansk Træforening or Danish Timber Trade Federation (DTTF), website
www.dktimber.dk

Wood and semi-manufactured wooden products including imported tropical wood are mainly
used in the construction sector and the wood manufacturing and processing industry. The main
flows of the wood from the forest to consumer product are illustrated in the model below.

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Source: Danish Chamber of Commerce

A large part of the wood is used in the construction sector; within the sector the wood trade of
carpenter and joiner enterprises constitute the largest branch, with 5600 registered enterprises,
23,000 employees and an annual turnover of DKK 28 billion or US$ 5.7 billion. An increasing
part of the work is done as automated and industrialised processes; at the building site
carpenters and joiners are now mainly installing prefabricated modules or elements. In many of
these elements wood has been substituted by other materials, although wood remains the
preferred raw material for some components. The relatively high number of enterprises reflects
that there are many smaller works in the sector and also that it is relatively easy to establish a
small carpenter or joiner business.

Another major consumer of wood are the large building companies, some of which are
international in structure. The building companies will be contracted for large construction
works, which in Denmark mainly are commissioned by public authorities such as a ministry,
municipalities or harbour authorities.

The wood manufacturing and processing industry consisting of saw mills, minor wood
processing workshops and factories employing a total of 14,500 persons; the value of wood
processing products was DKK 13 billion or US$ 2.2 billion in 2005.

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One of largest consumers of wood is the Danish furniture industry and the value of its
production in 2005 was approximately DKK 20 billion or US$ 3.3million. Although materials like
steel and plastic are important components of furniture, wood remains a preferred material by
Danish consumers. Classical design in wooden furniture, manufactured according to traditional
joiner and carpentry craftsmanship tend to become collector’s items and fetch high prices. On
the other hand, many large furniture stores (such as IKEA from Sweden) mass-produce
cheaper products. In mass production of wooden furniture and kitchen cupboards - veneer of
more expensive woods are often used in combination with a core of cheaper wood to obtain the
style of more expensive design.

Another trend in the market for wood products is the growth of the so-called Do It Yourself
stores, where prefabricated parts for building, furniture and kitchen cupboards are bought for
completion by the consumer. Veneer and plywood often form a substantial part of these
products. An area where a substantial amount of tropical wood is used is in production of floors,
and normally companies have several product lines comprising solid wood floors and floors
manufactured from veneer. Most of these ‘laminate’ floors are sold through DIY stores.

Contacting Danish importers and closing a deal

Most Danish importers visit different trade fairs all over the world to meet with potential
suppliers and to get an impression of the possibilities in the market. As close, personal
relationships are often stressed in international trade relations, this is a very good way of
meeting potential business partners for both importers and suppliers.

There are however no specific trade fairs for wood in Denmark. In May the annual international
furniture fair – The Copenhagen International Furniture Fair (CIFF) is held in Copenhagen and
the wood industry is normally represented at this fair, see www.furniturefair.dk.

The Danish wood importers may attend the large fairs held in Germany (Hannover) and in
Sweden. Information on these fairs may be found at www.expocentral.com. The European
timber industry exposes products at the Ligna + fair in Hannover, Germany and information can
be found at www.ligna.de. The most important timber fair in neighbouring Sweden is Elmia
Wood, which is held every 4 years (next instalment will be in June 2009, see
www.elmia.se/en/wood). Other timber, veneer and building fairs in the region are the Batibouw
fair in Belgium, see www.batibouw.com and the Bautec fair in Berlin, see www.bautec.com.

Personal contact established at a trade fair is always important. If a product is of relevance to


the importer’s line of business, it will normally not be a problem to set up meetings directly.
Danish business people are generally result oriented and well versed within their particular field.
Therefore, it is advisable to be well prepared and ready to respond to very direct questions
about quality, prices, quantities and deliveries.

It should never be assumed that the Danish importer will follow up on the business offer – the
follow up is always expected to be made by the exporter. A follow up call will give an idea of the
need and purchase pattern of the Danish importer, which may help evaluate the compatibility of
the product.

With regards to negotiating business terms, a Danish business partner is likely to be totally
frank regarding what he expects from you and what he himself can contribute with. It is

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important to be very precise when negotiating terms. Exporters should not accept any terms
that they are unable to fulfil. ‘No’, is a perfectly acceptable word in Denmark and nobody will be
offended by an explanation that delivery according to a certain specification is not possible as
long as the specification has not been agreed on. It is of paramount importance, however, not
to make promises that cannot be kept 100%.

Danes like written contracts. Whereas, in some cultures, a contract is a letter of intent, and the
business partner is satisfied if the exporter does his best to live up to the terms, this is not the
case in Denmark where the business contract is considered irrevocable and a partner will
expect the contract to be fulfilled to the letter.

As far as transport and insurance is concerned, the so-called Incoterms 2000 form an
internationally recognized tool, developed by the International Chamber of Commerce, clarifying
the responsibility for arranging and paying for the transport and insurance. A good descriptive
presentation of the various forms and definitions can be found on
www.iccwbo.org/index_incoterms.asp

Ethics and code of conduct

Over the last decade, consumers in Denmark have increasingly paid more attention to the
ethical conduct of business, which has given rise to the term “political consumers.”

The term “political consumers” implies that there is a strong tendency towards Danish
consumers placing greater demand on Danish importers and manufacturers to be able to
guarantee that the products imported from developing countries have not been produced e.g.
by use of child labour or has caused industrial pollution or otherwise harmed the environment
when manufactured. Therefore, by getting involved with Danish importers, many suppliers from
non-EU countries will be asked to sign a contract or statement guaranteeing that the production
is carried out without violating the above mentioned issues.

A code of conduct is a voluntary written policy committing the supplier to social and ethical
business operations, some enterprises have developed a policy and plans to demonstrate how
the organisation takes care of its Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Companies often base
their social codes of conduct on the conventions of the ILO (International Labour Organisation).
A wide variety of social codes of conduct has been developed over the years. Many companies
use their codes as a means of promotion and marketing.

Finally, bribery is almost non-existent in Denmark. Recent studies have shown that Denmark is
at the bottom of the list of countries in which bribery or corruption is found. When fraught is
detected, it has serious consequences. Producers misusing the FSC logo have been excluded
from the Danish market with immediate effect.

Legal requirements and import regulations

Goods imported to Denmark are governed by a complex set of EU and national directives, laws,
regulations and standards. The aim is to ensure consumer safety, to protect the environment
and limit other risk factors. The importer is responsible for compliance with relevant legislation,

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and authorities in Denmark will check compliance. Consequently, the importer will require from
suppliers that products meet requirements.

First and foremost, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) lays
down provisions for the protection of endangered species of flora and fauna, and has put a ban
on certain wood types originating in rainforests. An EU Regulation (Regulation (EC) No 338/97)
harmonises implementation of CITES in the EU, expanding the number of species concerned
and adding import restrictions. For additional information on CITES please refer to
http://www.cites.org.

A set of environmental requirements and environmental legislation is valid for wood imported
into Europe. This legislation has two main purposes: one is to avoid that diseases enter into the
Danish and European market via imported wood, the other purpose is to avoid wood where
dangerous and prohibited substances have been used and are contained.

This environmental legislation is under change. The most recent Danish regulations can be
found at the website of the Ministry of Environment www.MST.dk; however environmental
requirements generally follow EU regulation and the relevant directives can be found at the CBI,
Centre for the Promotion of Imports from Developing Countries, www.cbi.nl, where information
is provided free of charge.

Packaging

Apart from the safety aspects and the protection against damage, the focus of packaging is on
environmentally friendly transport - as well as sales-promotion packaging. This means, among
other things, that it should be considered whether returnable systems could be used on a much
greater scale than before. In general, the buyer indicates the packaging requirements for semi-
finished products. Concerning doors, it invariably involves individual packaging in shrink foil,
with a strip of corrugated carton along the sides, on which should be printed the exact sizes and
the wood species. An extra protection using hard plastic at the four corners will be required as
well. This is only one example. Finished products, such as parquet ready to be laid, should be
packed in quantities that can be carried by the final consumer without special equipment.
Here again, the buyer will indicate the particulars. Packaging must be marked not only to be
identifiable during transport, but also to indicate the quantity, the weight, the timber species and
the brand. In the case of shipping in container loads, special attention has to be given to this
issue because of under/overweight claims. The official FSC logo should be applied to FSC
certified timber (products) for recognisability by consumers.

The rules are less strict for unprocessed or primary processed products. Logs, for instance,
have to be numbered and to carry the logo/name of the exporter.

The requirements for wood packaging materials apply to all wood packaging material imported
into the EU from third countries other than Switzerland and also apply to wood packaging
materials that are used to support other products during transport. Exempted are raw wood of 6
mm thickness or less and processed wood produced with the use of glue, heat and pressure or
a combination thereof. Wood packaging material is required to:
• be treated according to one of the approved methods as specified in the internationally
accepted standard ISPM 15, notably: heat treatment or fumigated;
• display a mark with the two-letter ISO country code, a code identifying the producer and
the code identifying the approved measure applied (HT or MB);

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• round wood packaging material shall be made from debarked round wood.
See also http://ec.europa.eu/resources/import_conditions/woodpackaging.pdf

Since changes in environmental policy follow each other at a rapid pace, exporters are advised
to ask the importer about the latest regulations and/or requirements related to packaging.
Marking and labelling requirements applying to products sold in Denmark are numerous and
vary from item to item, and both Danish and EU laws and regulations influence requirements.
The correct labelling of the product is important as the information is to be used upon
importation to Denmark. A customs declaration always has to be filled in containing information
such as the TARIC code, country of origin, name of the consignor, the value of the products etc.

Custom duties

In general, all goods, including timber and timber products, entering the EU are subject to
import duties. External trade conditions in the European Union are determined by EU
regulations. In the case of timber and timber products, the level of the tariffs depends on:
• the country of origin;
• the type of product.

The import duty on timber and wood products is below 10%. Up-to-date tariff information of the
European Community Integrated Tariff (TARIC) can be obtained from the Internet site:
http://europa.eu.int/comm/taxation_customs/dds/en/tarhome.htm

At this site you have to indicate the TARIC code and country of origin to get information of the
tariff.

There are, at the moment of writing this report, no import quotas on products included in this
report.

Rules of Origin are a set of rules to determine in which country the products have originated. To
benefit from lower customs duties, the export product has to originate in a country covered by a
free-trade agreement or a preferential arrangement. A product is generally said to confer origin
in a country if it is wholly obtained or sufficiently processed in that country.

To prove that the rules of origin are fulfilled, the exporter has to provide the necessary
documentation. A GSP proof of origin must be issued by the exporter and certified by the
customs authorities of the exporting country. The following documents of origin are valid:
• Certificate of origin Form A;
• Invoice declaration.

Countries belonging to certain groups, including ASEAN have the right to use materials from
other countries in their group in the production without losing the status as country of origin.
This is called ‘cumulation’.

Value Added Tax (VAT) is levied on practically all products in Denmark, imported as well as
domestic. The Danish Value-Added Tax (VAT) currently constitutes 25% and is among the
highest rates within the EU. The 25% VAT is levied on all sales, regardless of product type,
country of origin etc. For further information on VAT and duties in Denmark for specific products
see http://exporthelp.europa.eu/.

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Conclusion

Out of all Scandinavian countries, Denmark is the most interesting export destination for
Malaysian exporters of tropical hardwood and timber products. As opposed to Sweden and
Finland, Denmark hasn’t any large indigenous production forests, so it is dependent on imports.
Furthermore, as we have observed in ‘Market trends’, many Danes have a preference for using
untreated tropical hardwood at the exterior of their houses or apartments. Tropical timber is also
often used in garden furniture and floorings.

Even though the Danish economy will suffer from the international credit crisis of 2008,
Denmark has a very affluent population and construction will continue to grow in the long run.

MATRADE Rotterdam
December 2008

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Annex I

USEFUL WEBSITES

Government of Denmark
www.denmark.dk

EU Export Helpdesk for Developing Countries


http://exporthelp.europa.eu

Kompass - The Business to Business Search Engine


www.kompass.com

Europages – The European Business Directory


www.europages.com

Market Acces Database


Database of European Commission on import regulations, duties and trade barriers
http://mkaccdb.eu.int

The Forest Stewardship Council


Provides information on processes of certification of wood
Denmark: www.FSC.dk – includes links to Danish companies active in import and certification
International: wwwFSC.org

The Danish Timber Trade Federation


Information and links to Danish timber importers
www.dktimber.dk

Danish Environmental Protection Agency


Provides guidelines on procurement of timber and links to relevant environmental regulation
www.mst.dk

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Annex II

DANISH IMPORTERS OF TROPICAL HARDWOOD

Teglgaard Hardwood Aps.


Langesøvej 90
5492 Vissenbjerg
Denmark
T +45 63 96 96 96
info@teglgaard-hardwood.dk
Contact person: Mr. Jakob Kildal

Tower Wood
Rødmevej 54
5771 Stenstrup
Denmark
T +45 62 26 21 69
bj@towerwood.dk
www.towerwood.dk
Contact person: Mr. Bjarne Junker

DSHWood A/S
Glarmestervej 7
7000 Fredericia
Denmark
T +45 74 55 26 36
abn@dshwood.dk
www.dshwood.dk
Contact person: Mr. Anders Bjørnkjær Nielsen

Vejle Kommune
Skolegade 1
7100 Vejle
Denmark
T +45 76 81 00 00
F +45 76 44 40 01
bibro@vejle.dk
www.vejle.dk
Contact person: Mr. Lars Rasmussen

Aarhus Kommune
Valdemarsgade 18, Postboks 79
8100 Århus C
Denmark
T +45 89 40 27 55
F +45 89 40 27 59
nm@aarhus.dk
www.aarhus.dk
Contact person: Ms. Marie Stenild Petersen

14
Tracer Aps
Industriskellet 2
8700 Horsens
Denmark
T +45 76 82 50 11
kk@tra-cer.com
www.tra-cer.com
Contact person: Mr. Kasper Kopp

Keflico A/S
Juelstrupparken 24
9530 Støvring
Denmark
T +45 98 13 35 44
F +45 98 16 90 12
mg@keflico.com
www.keflico.com/
Contact person: Ms. Majbritt F. Groes

Hardwood Partners ApS


Bentsensvej 4
4330 Hvalsø Hvalsø
Denmark
T +45 46 46 16 16
sales@sawmill.dk
www.hvalsoe-sawmill.dk
Contact person: Ms. Tina Haagensen

Timber Team International A/S


Naverland 2
2600 Glostrup
Denmark
T +45 43 44 30 44
niels@timberteam.com
http://www.timberteam.com
Contact person: Mr. Niels Bock Pedersen

Skov- og Naturstyrelsen
Haraldsgade 53
2100 København Ø
Denmark
T +45 72 54 20 00
F +45 39 27 98 99
mja@sns.dk
www.skovognatur.dk
Contact person: Mr. Christian Lundmark

Casanti Timber A/S


Birkedommervej 31

15
2450 København NV
Denmark
T +45 38 18 18 50
bp@casanti.dk
www.casanti.dk
Contact person: Mr. Benny Pedersen

Atlas Timber & Hardwood


Krondalvej 9A
2610 Rødovre
Denmark
T +45 70 22 78 88
ct@atlas-timber.dk
www.atlas-timber.dk
Contact person: Mr. Carsten Tolderlund

Hvalsø Savværk A/S


Bentsenvej 4
4330 Hvalsø
Denmark
T +45 46 46 16 16
sales@sawmill.dk
www.hvalsoe-sawmill.dk
Contact person: Ms. Tina Haagensen

16

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