Reports & Indices (Part I)

Target Prelims 2020

 Index
➢PYQ
➢Human Capital Index
➢Human Capital Score
➢Gender Inequality Index
➢Human Development Index
➢Global Environment Outlook
➢World State of Forest Report
➢World Press Freedom Index
➢Global Innovation Index
➢Gender Parity Index
➢Global Nutrition Report
➢Global Peace Index
➢Varieties of Democracy Report
➢Global Democracy Index
➢Corruption Perceptions Index
➢Comprehensive List
 2019
The Global Competitiveness Report is published by the

(a) International Monetary Fund

(b) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

(c) World Economic Forum

(d) World Bank

Ans: (c)
 2017
Which of the following gives ‘Global Gender Gap Index’
ranking to the countries of the world?

(a)World Economic Forum

(b) UN Human Rights Council

(c) UN Women

(d) World Health Organization

Ans: (a)
World Economic Forum (WEF)
➢Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report
➢Global Competitiveness Report
➢Global Enabling Trade Report
➢Energy Transition Index
➢Global Energy Architecture Performance Index Report
➢Global Environment Performance Index
➢World Power Language Index
➢Global Information Technology Report
➢Global Manufacturing Index
➢Inclusive Development Index
➢Global Risk Report
➢Global Gender Gap Index
➢Future of Jobs Report, 2018
➢Global Human Capital Report/Index
 2018
“Rule of Law Index” is released by which of the
following ?

a) Amnesty International

a) International Court of Justice

b) The Office of UN Commissioner for Human Rights

c) World Justice Project

Ans: (d)
 2017
With reference to ‘Global Climate Change Alliance’, which of the
following statements is/are correct?

1. It is an initiative of the European Union.

2. It provides technical and financial support to targeted developing countries to
integrate climate change into their development policies and budgets.
3. It is coordinated by World Resources Institute (WRI) and World Business
Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD).
Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Ans (a)
 2016
Which of the following is/are the indicator/indicators used by
IFPRI to compute the Global Hunger Index Report?

1. Undernourishment
2. Child stunting
3. Child mortality
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 , 2 and 3
(d) 1 and 3 only
Ans: (c)
 2016
India's ranking in the 'Ease of Doing Business Index' is
sometimes seen in the news. Which of the following has
declared that ranking?

(a)Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD)

(b)World Economic Forum
(c) World Bank
(d)World Trade Organization (WTO)

Ans: (c)
World Bank
➢Ease of Doing Business
➢Global Financial Development
Report
➢Energy Efficient
Implementation Readiness
➢World Development Report
➢Global Economic Prospects
(GEP) report
➢Remittance Report
➢Ease of Living Index
➢India Development Update
➢Universal Health Coverage
Index
➢Logistics Performance Index
➢Report: A Glass Half Full: The
promise of Regional Trade in
South Asia
➢The Service Trade Restriction
Index
➢Poverty & Shared Prosperity
➢Regulatory Indicators for
Sustainable Energy ( Rise)
Human Capital Index
➢ World Bank
➢ The Index measures which countries are best in mobilizing the economic &
professional potential of its citizens.
➢ The index measures how much capital each country loses through lack of
education & health.
➢ The Index was first published in October 2018.
➢ The Human Capital Index ranges between 0 & 1 with 1 meaning maximum
potential is reached.
➢ The 2020 Human Capital Index update includes health & education data for 174
countries — covering 98 % of the world’s population — up to March 2020,
providing a pre-pandemic baseline on the health & education of children.
➢ Due to the pandemic’s impact, most children — more than 1 billion — have been
out of school & could lose out, on average, half a year of schooling, adjusted for
learning, translating into considerable monetary losses.
Human Capital Index : India
➢Last year, India had raised “serious reservations” over
the HCI, wherein India was ranked 115 out of 157
countries.

➢This year India finds itself at 116th from among 174

countries.

➢However, India’s score increased to 0.49 from 0.44 in

2018.
Parametres
➢Survival
➢Share of children surviving past the age of 5 in %

➢School
➢Quantity of education (Expected years of schooling by age 18)
➢Quality of education (Harmonized test scores)

➢Health
➢Adult survival rates (Share of 15-year-olds who survive until age 60 in %)
➢Healthy growth among children (Stunting rates of children under 5 in %)
Human Capital Score
➢The study, conducted by the Institute for Health Metrics
& Evaluation (IHME) at the request of the World Bank.
➢It ranks countries on the basis of their investments in
education & health care.
➢The study, published in journal The Lancet, says that
India is ranked at 158 out of 195 countries in 2016
(period of the study :1990 to 2016) according to the
1st-ever scientific study ranking countries for their
levels of human capital.
➢2016: Finland had the highest level of expected human
capital & Niger had the lowest expected human capital.
 Sample Question :Type 1
Which of the following statements are correct about Gender Inequality Index ?
1) It measures gender inequalities in 3 important aspects of human development
such as maternal mortality ratio, adolescent birth rates & empowerment.
2) The GII ranges between 0 & 100.
3) Gender Inequality Index is published by United Nations Development
Programme (UNDP).
Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Ans (b)
Gender Inequality Index
➢United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
➢It measures gender inequalities in 3 important aspects of
human development—
➢1. Reproductive health, measured by maternal mortality
ratio & adolescent birth rates;
➢2. empowerment, measured by proportion of parliamentary
seats occupied by females & proportion of adult females &
males aged 25 years & older with at least some secondary
education;
➢3. Economic status, expressed as labour market
participation & measured by labour force participation rate
of female & male populations aged 15 years & older.
Gender Inequality Index
➢The GII ranges between 0 & 1.

➢Higher GII values indicate higher inequalities & thus

higher loss to human development.

➢India ranked 122 out of 162 countries.

➢Norway ranked 1st.

Human Development Index (HDI)
➢ It is released by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
➢ India ranked 129 out of 189 countries.
➢ The HDI ranges between 0 & 1.

➢ HDI is a summary measure of average achievement in key dimensions of human

development:
➢ a long & healthy life
➢ being knowledgeable
➢ have a decent standard of living.

➢ The HDI is the geometric mean of normalized indices for each of the 3
dimensions.
Human Development Index
(HDI)
➢The health dimension is assessed by life expectancy at birth.

➢The education dimension is measured by mean of years of

schooling for adults aged 25 years & more & expected years
of schooling for children of school entering age.

➢The standard of living dimension is measured by gross

national income per capita.
UNDP
➢Education Development Index
 Sample Question :Type 2
Which of the following statements are correct about Global
Environment Outlook ?
1) Global Environment Outlook is published by United Nations
Environment Programme.
2) Using the integrated environmental assessment (IEA)
methodology, UN Environment has produced 6 GEO reports.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both are correct
d) None of these
Ans: (c)
Global Environment Outlook (GEO)
➢United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

➢The GEO global assessments provide an integrated

analysis (e.g. social, economic, environmental) of major
trends that have shaped the environment.

➢Using the integrated environmental assessment (IEA)

methodology, UN Environment has produced 6 GEO
reports.
About GEO 6
➢The 6th Global Environment Outlook (GEO-6), focusing on the
theme “healthy planet, healthy people”, aims to help policymakers
& all of society achieve the environmental dimension of the
Sustainable Development Goals.
 Sample Question :Type 3
Which of the following body/ bodies published State of the World's
Forests reports 2020 ?
a) Food & Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
b) United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
c) World Meteorological Organisation (WMO)
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) 1 & 2
d) 1,2 and 3

Ans (c)
World State of Forest Report:2020
➢Food & Agriculture Organisation (FAO) & the United
Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).

➢The State of the World's Forests reports on the status

of forests, recent major policy & institutional
developments & key issues concerning the forest sector.

➢It examines the contributions of forests, & of the

people who use & manage them, to the conservation &
sustainable use of biodiversity.
United Nations Environment
Programme (UNEP)
➢Actions on Air Quality

➢Emission Gap Report

➢Inclusive Wealth Report

➢The Rise of Environmental Crime Report : INTERPOL

World Press Freedom Index
➢ Reporters Without Borders /Reporters Sans Frontier
➢ The index tries to capture the degree of freedom available to journalists in 180
countries by pooling the responses of experts to a questionnaire.

The criteria evaluated in the questionnaire are:

➢ pluralism,
➢ media independence,
➢ media environment & self-censorship,
➢ legislative framework,
➢ transparency,
➢ the quality of the infrastructure that supports the production of news &
information.
World Press Freedom Index
➢Countries are given scores ranging from 0 to 100, with
0 being the best possible score & 100 the worst.

➢Norway topped the index while North Korea performed

worst.

➢India’s rank in the World Press Freedom Index 2020

dropped down to 142th from 140th in 2019.
 Sample Question : Type 4
What is the theme of Global Innovation Index?

a) Who will Finance Innovation

b) Who will do the the Innovation

c) Who will regulate the Innovation

d) None of these

Ans: (a)
Global Innovation Index
➢It is published by INSEAD, Cornell University & the World Intellectual
Property Organization (WIPO), along with other institutions.
➢It is an index that provides detailed metrics about the innovation
performance of 131 countries & economies all over the world.
➢The index was 1st released in 2007 & is released annually.
➢The index uses 80 indicators that take into account a wide idea of
innovation including education, political environment, business
sophistication & infrastructure.
➢The index is based on both objective & subjective data compiled from
various sources including the World Bank, the International
Telecommunication Union (ITU) & the IMF.
Highlights of Global Innovation
Index 2020
➢The GII 2020 is the 13th edition of the index.
➢The theme for the 2020 index is “Who will Finance
Innovation?”
➢According to GII 2020, the world’s most innovative
economy is Switzerland. It has been ranked number 1 for
the last 10 years.
➢Sweden is at number 2, followed by the USA, the UK & the
Netherlands.
➢Among the top 10 ranks are 7 European countries.
➢Regional leaders topping include India, Chile, Israel, South
Africa, & Singapore.
India & Global Innovation Index
➢India is ranked 48, 4 places above the previous year’s
rank.

➢This is for the 1st time that India is ranked under 50 in

the GII.
World Intellectual Property
Organisation (WIPO)

➢World Intellectual Property Report (WIPR)

Gender Parity Index
➢UNESCO
➢GPI measures progress towards gender parity in
education participation &/or learning opportunities
available for girls in relation to those available to boys.

➢ GPI =1 parity between females & males.

➢ A value <1 a disparity in favour of boys

➢ A value > 1 a disparity in favour of girls.

United Nations Educational, Scientific
& Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
➢Global Education Monitoring Report
Global Nutrition Report
➢ World Health Organization (WHO)
➢ 2012: the World Health Assembly identified 6 nutrition targets for maternal,
infant & young child nutrition to be met by 2025.
These require governments to:
➢ 1. Reduce stunting by 40% in children under 5
➢ 2. Reduce prevalence of anaemia by 50% among women in the age group of
19-49
➢ 3. Ensure 30% reduction in low-birth weight
➢ 4. Ensure no increase in childhood overweight
➢ 5. Increase the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months up to at
least 50%
➢ 6. Reduce & maintain childhood wasting to less than 5%.
Global Nutrition Report 2020: India
➢India is among 88 countries that are likely to miss
global nutrition targets by 2025.

➢India will miss targets for all 4 nutritional indicators for

which there are data available — stunting among
under-5 children, anaemia among women of
reproductive age, childhood overweight & exclusive
breastfeeding.
 Sample Question : Type 5
Which of the following statements about the Global Nutrition Report 2020 are
correct ?
1) India is among the countries that are likely to miss global nutrition targets by
2025.
2) India will miss targets for 3 nutritional indicators for which there are data
available — stunting among under-5 children, anaemia among women of
reproductive age, childhood overweight but will attain targets for exclusive
breastfeeding.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both of these

Ans (a)
d) None
WHO
➢World Tuberculosis Report

➢Ambient Air Pollution Report

➢World Health Statistics

Global Peace Index
➢Institute Of Economics & Peace (IEP), AUSTRALIA
➢It ranks 163 independent states & territories according to
their level of peacefulness.

➢The index measures the state of peace using 3 thematic

domains:

➢the level of Societal Safety & Security;

➢the extent of Ongoing Domestic & International Conflict;
➢the degree of Militarisation.
Global Peace Index
➢Afghanistan has been ranked as the least peaceful
country, the 2nd year in the row. It is followed by Syria,
Iraq, South Sudan & Yemen.
➢Iceland is ranked as the most peaceful country in the
Global Peace Index (2020). It was ranked the same in
GPI 2019 too. The other countries ranked in the top as
the most peaceful are New Zealand, Austria, Portugal, &
Denmark.
➢India climbed up 2 places to be ranked at 139 in GPI
2020.
IEP
➢Global Terrorism Index
Varieties of Democracy Report
➢V-DEM Institute, University Of Gothenburg, Sweden
➢It is a new approach to conceptualizing & measuring
democracy.
➢The V-Dem project distinguishes between 5 high-level
principles of democracy : electoral, liberal, participatory,
deliberative, & egalitarian, & collects data to measure these
principles.
➢It is one of the largest social science databases, with over
350 indicators on democracy & political systems.
➢It covers all countries (& some dependent territories) from
1789 to the present, whenever possible, & provides an
estimate of measurement reliability for each rating.
Global Democracy Index / State
of Democracy in the World 2019
➢Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), UK.
➢The index ranks 165 independent states & 2 territories on
the basis of 5 categories:
➢electoral process & pluralism, civil liberties, the functioning
of government, political participation & political culture.
➢The list has been divided into 4 broad categories—full
democracy, flawed democracy, hybrid regime &
authoritarian regime.
➢Index was begun in 2006.
➢This year report theme is “A year of democratic setbacks &
popular protest”
Global Democracy Index / State of
Democracy in the World 2019 : India
➢2019: India slipped 10 places to 51st position.

➢It is placed in the “flawed democracy” category.

➢It’s score, down from from 7.23 in 2018 to 6.90 in

2019, is its lowest ever since the Democracy

➢What caused democratic regression in India?

➢Erosion of civil liberties in the country is main reason.

Rankings of various other countries:
➢1. Norway (top-ranked with 9.87) is counted as a “full
democracy”.

➢2. Following Norway at the top of the rankings are

Iceland, Sweden & New Zealand.

➢3. Other “full democracies” include Germany, the UK &

France.

➢4. US, with a score of 7.96 is a “flawed democracy”.

Continued…
➢5. In 2019, the average global score fell from 5.48 in
2018 to 5.44, the worst result since 2006.
➢6. China (2.26) & North Korea (bottom-ranked with
1.08) are categorised as “authoritarian regimes”.

➢7. Pakistan, with a score of 4.25, is categorised as a

“hybrid democracy”.

➢8. The report describes the year in Asia as one filled

with “drama & tumult,” with Hong Kong being the
epicentre of protest in the continent.
Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU)
➢Global Liveability Ranking

➢Inclusive Internet Index

➢Government E- Payments Adoption Ranking

Corruption Perceptions Index
➢Transparency International
➢Published annually since 1995 it ranks countries by their
perceived levels of public sector corruption, as determined
by expert assessments & opinion surveys.
➢The CPI generally defines corruption as the misuse of public
power for private benefit.

➢The 2019 CPI draws on 13 surveys & expert assessments to

measure public sector corruption in various countries, giving
each a score from 0 (highly corrupt) to 100 (very clean).
➢It was launched at the World Economic Forum (WEF) 2020.
Findings:
➢India’s score of 41 out of 100 remains the same. The global
average for 2019 is 43.
➢China too scored 41 & thus improved its position from 87 to
80.
➢The top-ranked countries are New Zealand & Denmark, with
scores of 87 each, followed by Finland (86), Singapore (85),
Sweden (85) & Switzerland (85).
➢The countries ranked at the bottom of the list are Somalia,
South Sudan & Syria with scores of 9, 12 & 13. They are
closely followed by Yemen (15), Venezuela (16), Sudan
(16), Equatorial Guinea (16) & Afghanistan (16).
Transparency International
➢Global Corruption Report (GCR)
Comprehensive List
IMF
➢Global Financial Stability Report

➢World Economic Outlook

➢Fiscal Monitor

➢Regional Economic Report

United Nations Conference on Trade
and Development (UNCTAD)
➢World Investment Report

➢The Trade & Development Report

➢The Least Developed Countries Report

➢Commodities & Development report

➢Information Economy Report

➢The Technology and Innovation Report

International Labour Organization
➢World Social Protection Report

➢World Employment and Social Outlook

➢World of Work Report

➢Global Wage Report

➢Care work & care jobs for the future of decent work
report
International International Atomic
Energy Agency Energy Agency
(IAEA)
➢Global Electric vehicle report ➢ Technical Cooperation Report

➢The Future of Rail Report ➢ Nuclear Technology Review

➢Status of power System

Transmission Report

➢World Energy Outlook (WEO)

➢Southeast Asia Energy Outlook

Organisation for Economic Co-
operation & Development (OECD)
➢Government At A Glance report

➢Service trade restrictiveness Index

➢Social Institutions & Gender Index global Report

➢The Programme for International Student Assessment

(PISA)
UN Related Reports
➢Reports on Counterfeiting & Organized Crime- United Nations
Interregional Crime & Justice Research Institute (UNICRI)
➢Industrial Development Report United Nations- Industrial
Development Organization (UNIDO)
➢Global Assessment Report -United Nations Office for Disaster
Risk Reduction (UNISDR)
➢State of World Population Report: United Nations Population
Fund (UNFPA)
➢World Economic situation & Prospectus Report UN Department
for Economic & Social Affairs (UN-DESA)
UN Related Reports
➢World Cities Report UN-Habitat
➢Habitat Commitment Index
➢Levels and Trends in Child Mortality Report UN Inter-
agency Group
➢World Disaster Risk Index United Nations University
Institute for Environment & Human Security (UNUEHS)
➢World Happiness Report UN - Sustainable Development
Solutions Network (SDSN)
➢World Water Development Report : UN-WATER
UN Related Reports

➢Global E-waste Monitor Report

United Nations International

➢ICT Development Index Telecommunication Union (UN-
ITU)
➢Global Cyber Security Index
UN Related Reports
➢ Report on Regular Resources United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund
(UNICEF)
➢ The State of the World’s Children reports UNICEF
➢ Global Report on Trafficking in Persons United Nations Office on Drugs & Crime
(UNODC)
➢ World Drug Report UNODC
➢ World Wildlife Crime Report UNODC
➢ e-government readiness index(EGDI) United Nations Public Administration
Programme (UNPAP)
➢ E-Participation Index UNPAP
➢ e-Government Development Index UNPAP
➢ The Global Report United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
Environment-related Reports

➢Living Planet Report

World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF)
➢The Energy Report

➢Greenhouse Gas Bulletin: World Meteorological Organisation (WMO)

➢Arctic report 2018: National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration
(USA)
➢Global Ecological Footprint: Global Footprint Network
➢Red Book IAEA Red List: International Union for Conservation of
Nature (IUCN)
Financial Reports

➢World Trade Outlook Indicator: WTO

➢Global Financial System Report: Bank for International

Settlements (BIS)

➢Global Money Laundering Report: Financial Action Task

Force (FATF)

➢An Economy for the 99% : Oxfam

German Watch
➢Global Climate Risk Index

➢Climate Change Performance Index

Miscellaneous Reports
➢Index of Economic Freedom: Heritage Foundation
➢Intellectual Property Index: US Chamber of Commerce
➢Global Talent Competitiveness Index: INSEAD, Adecco Group &
the Human Capital Leadership Institute of Singapore
➢City Momentum Index: JLL Real Estate Services, US
➢State of Global Air 2017: Report Health Effects Institute , Boston
➢Social Progress Index: Social Progress Imperative
➢Global Retail Development Index: AT Kearney (American Global
Management Consulting Firm)
➢New Health Index: Global Burden of Disease
Miscellaneous Reports
➢Global Hunger Index : Welthungerhilfe, Concern
Worldwide & International Food Policy Research
Institute (IFPRI)
➢Change the World List: Data Fortune
➢Global Pension Index: Melbourne Mercer
➢Global Slavery Index: Walk Free foundation, Australia
based Human Rights Group
➢Safety Reports: International Civil Aviation
Organization (ICAO)
➢CORSIA: ICAO
India Reports
➢Widening Gaps - India Inequality Report, 2018 : Oxfam
India.
➢Red Data Book- India : “Zoological Survey of India
(ZSI) & Botanical Survey of India (BSI)” under the
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
➢Comprehensive Environment Pollution Index (CEPI)
:Central Pollution Control Board
➢India Innovation Index : NITI Aayog, Department of
Industrial Policy & Promotion (DIPP) & Confederation of
Indian Industry (CII)
➢States’ Start-up Ranking : Department for Promotion of
Industry & Internal Trade (DPIIT).
India Reports
➢Swachh Survekshan Report : Ministry of
➢Ease of Living Index, 2019 & Municipal Housing &
Performance Index 2019: Urban Affairs
(MOHUA)
➢Financial Inclusion Index: Department of
Financial Services (DFS) under the Ministry of
Finance

➢Index of Industrial Production: Central

Statistical Organisation (CSO)
➢Logistics Ease across Different States Index:
Commerce & Industry Ministry & Deloitte
India Reports
➢ Internet Readiness Index Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI)
➢ RESIDEX National Housing Bank
➢ Annual Survey of Education Report PRATHAM
➢ School Education Quality Index (SEQI) NITI Aayog and MHRD
➢ India Social Development Report The council of Social Development
➢ India State of Forest Report Forest Survey of India (FSI)
➢ National Air Quality Indices Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)
➢ National Ambient Air Quality Standard CPCB
➢ Comprehensive environment pollution index CPCB
➢ India Innovation Index NITI Aayog, DIPP, CII
➢ Performance of Health Outcome Index NITI Aayog
➢ Interest Subvention Report Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
➢ Financial Stability Report Reserve Bank of India (RBI)