With increasing energy demand due to population growth and rapid industrialization growth, it is

necessary to develop effective and efficient methods to meet the demand for power. Due to the fuel
availability issues, conventional sources such as gas turbine and thermal power sources are declining
every day. It is also necessary to consider environmental factors and to control carbon emissions.

Renewable energy resources are a good answer for cleaner and affordable sources of energy. A
microgrid model allows efficient use of the generating unit with a renewable energy resource. A
microgrid can be installed locally close to the end of the consumer that not only reduces transmission
costs but is also easy to maintain. A microgrid consists of various generating units that are primarily fed
by a renewable energy resource called a distributive energy resource (DER). With a controlled converter,
the power extracted from the source is transferred and calibrated. Required DC or AC power is fed
directly to the load via a DC or AC bus or can also be connected to the basic grid at the common coupling
point (PCC). This is the two operating modes of a microgrid,  known as grid connected mode
and islanded mode. A microgrid model includes a wind turbine, PV, flywheel, battery, diesel generator,
etc. power converter can be either an AC bus inverter or a DC bus rectifier. The converter needs to be
controlled efficiently through a robust and powerful controller that can deliver reduced total harmonic
distortion over various types of loading conditions that can be linear, non-linear, unbalanced and varying
loads. The current of the micro grid must also be controlled in grid-connected mode before the current
is injected into the main grid at the common coupling point (PCC).

Inverter circuit is required for an AC bus microgrid model to transfer power from source to AC bus. With
power electronics advancement, many inverter circuits have been introduced and are part of the literary
works. (Referrals). In a microgrid model, multilevel inverters are advantageous due to the high voltage
requirement in grid-connected mode at the PCC. A multilevel inverter benefits from high power
handling capability, low switching frequency operation and smaller filter size requirements. The Neutral
Point Clamped (NPC) inverter is one of the most widely used inverter topology. This research focuses on
the use of a 3-level NPC inverter that can be used with the DER if it is a microgrid and also the power
sharing of multiple DER inverters that operate parallel in a microgrid.

In a power inverter circuit, the inverter control determines the power quality at the inverter's output
terminals. In multilevel power inverters, many control mechanisms are used that include dead-beat
control, iterative learning control, fuzzy logic controller, slide mode control, and predictive model
control. (Referrals).