Specific tactical-strategic potential can be seen in different types of discourses,

especially in discourses which selected by communication sphere: pedagogical,

medical, advertising, religious, political.
To strategies of pedagogical discourse belong: 1) explanatory (tactics – naming,
description, interpretation, giving of definition, rephrasing, abstraction,
summarization, concretization, giving of examples)
2) Organizational – attracting attention, questioning, order, request, invitation,
allowance, prohibition, appealing.
3) Ratable – praise, compliment, approval, disapproval, comparison, opposing,
reproach, censure, discreditation, mitigation (softening of categorical rating)
4) Assistance - accent on positive information, justification, comforting,
encouragement, promotion, constructive critics.
5) Control – direct question, causation of performance of verbal\non-verbal action,
verification, provocation, doubt, specification.
Mentioned strategies and tactics of pedagogical discourse reflect communicative
behavior of its main participant – teacher, who has an initiative role in this
communication. They orientated on optimization of studying process through
conversation and active cooperation with addresser.

To strategies of medical discourse belong:

1) pre-emptive – of direct question, causation of performance verbal action,
verification, specification, clarification, retrospection.
2) Diagnostic – differentiation, short description, summary, correction
3) Treating – direct motivation, instruction, prohibition, warning, promise,
referring to action that was not realized, giving of ratable meaning,
appealing to authority.
4) Recommendable – advice and warning
5) Explanatory – naming, repetition, description, interpretation, rephrasing,
summarization, concretization, drawing an analogy, giving an example,
referring to the source
6) Ratable – comparison, contrasting, summarization, concretization, accenting
on positive information, mitigation, avoidance of giving negative view

To strategies of religious discourse belong:

1) Prayerful – glorification, repentance, request, thankfulness
 2) Confessional – telling about sins that had been done, self-condemnation,
repentance, request
3) Self-identification – unity and opposing “self and outsider”
4) Explanatory – interpretation, giving of definition, analogy, referring to
source, generalization, concretization
5) Ratable – approval, appealing to authority, appealing to example
6) Ritual – request, invitation, question, causation of performance certain
action, quotation of holy books, thankfulness, swearing

Strategies of advertising discourse:

1) Positioning – differentiation, giving ratable meaning, accent on positive
information
2) Value-orienteted - taking into account value orientations of addresser,
appealing to worldwide values as common sense, usefulness, satisfaction,
success, comfort
3) Argumentative – referring to facts, giving pros, contrasting, contrast
analysis, reasoning of rate, repetition, quoting, illustrating.
4) Formation of emotional mood – creation of attractive image, appealing to
emotions of addresser, accenting, rising of tone, taking into account value
orientations of addresser, associations.
5) Mnemonically - repetition on different levels, semantical harmonization of
beginning and ending of the text
6) Optimization - harmonization of language and world-view of
communicators, simplification, thematic narrowing, ease of recognition of
advertisement, word- phrase-play, divide of the information around
more\less important, appealing to different representative systems etc)
7) Attractive – causation of performance of certain action, invitation, promise,
encouragement, showing the perspectives.
Political communication has such a strategies of political discourse:
1) Self-presentation – identification with someone or something, solidarization
with addresser, creation “own circle”, self-approval
2) Agitation – promises, warning, giving ratable meaning, contrasting, giving
pros, invitation, direct prompting, appealing t authority or moral values
3) Manipulation – giving labels, hyperbolizing, understatement, simplification
of definitions, silencing, falsification and fabrication of facts, referring to
authorities
4) Strategy of discredit – accents on negative sides of opponent or pointing on
his mistakes
5) Attack – accusation, insult
 6) Self-defense – forwarding of attack or prevention
7) Informational-interpretational – recognition of existing issue, accenting on
positive information, explanation, commenting, seeing problem from
different side, showing on ways of problem resolving
In political discourse there is one regularity which can be seeing good in pre-
election period – the less political authority confident in own success, the more
aggressive strategies and tactics it uses.