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9
Arts 11

Quarter 1, Wk. 4, Module 4

Western and Classical Art Traditions

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Arts - Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1, Wk. 4, Module 4: Western and Classical Art Traditions
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
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impose as a condition the payment of royalty.

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Published by the Department of Education – Division of Iligan City

Schools Division Superintendent: Roy Angelo L. Gazo, PhD.,CESO V

Development Team of the Module

Author/s: Shirley V. Rabor
Evaluators/Editors: Arcie Mae A. Engaño, Christine G. Tuazon
Illustrator and Layout Artist: Shirley V. Rabor
Management Team
Chairperson: Roy Angelo E. Gazo, PhD., CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent

Co-Chairpersons: Nimfa R. Lago, PhD., CESE

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Members Henry B. Abueva OIC-CID Chief

Nanette Kay D. Mercado, PhD., EPS-MAPEH
Sherlita L. Daguisonan, PhD., EPS-LRMS
Meriam S. Otarra, PDO II
Charlotte D. Quidlat, Librarian II
Printed in the Philippines by
Department of Education – Division of Iligan City
Office Address: General Aguinaldo, St., Iligan City
Telefax: (063)221-6069
E-mail Address: iligan.city@deped.gov.ph
 9
Arts
Quarter 1, Wk. 4 - Module 4
Western and Classical Art Traditions

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by select teachers, school heads, Education Program Supervisor in Filipino of
the Department of Education - Division of Iligan City. We encourage teachers
and other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education-Iligan City Division at
iligan.city@deped.gov.ph or Telefax: (063)221-6069.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

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 Table of Contents

What This Module is About........................................................................................................................i

What I Need to Know...................................................................................................................................i
How to Learn from this Module................................................................................................................ii
Icons of this Module....................................................................................................................................ii

What I Know.................................................................................................................................................iii

Lesson 1:
Artworks Usage and Mediums ..........................................................................................1
What’s In .................................................................................................... 1
What I Need to Know......................................................................................................1
What’s New ....................................................................................................................1
What Is It.............................................................................................................................3
What’s More .....................................................................................................................5
What Is It ...........................................................................................................................5
What I Have Learned......................................................................................................6
What I Can Do..................................................................................................................7

Summary .......................................................................................................................................................8
Assessment: (Post-Test) ........................................................................................................................8
Key to Answers...........................................................................................................................................10
References.....................................................................................................................................................11
This page is intentionally blank
What This Module is About

This module is about the artworks function to people as viewers, made during
Western and Classical Art Traditions. It has an instructional information about the process of
understanding the works and display of art, made during ancient, classical and medieval
period. It will provide to the learner a further understanding and recognition of the art
elements and principles usage and processes made done on an artwork, especially the
differences and uniqueness of art characteristics of each periods. It will make the learner
realize that Art played an integral part in the development of whole different eras in
accordance to its historical events, tradition and other external phenomena. It will lead to a
learnable idea to evaluate the utilization and the combination of art elements and principles
usage to the artworks. In this way the learner will be guided and can apply his or her
acquired knowledge from this module in preparing himself/herself in the future. Analyzing,
Creating and Evaluating will be part of the closure activity of this module.
This module is substantial for more understanding of the evolution of art.

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written for you as a learner, to have a comprehensive
and interactive activities in lieu to actual classroom setting. This may help you continue
studying Western and Classical Art Traditions at all costs that hinders your learning. In this
way, it will be in your convenience, provided that you are entitled to fulfill or comply all the
necessary activities in this module.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

 Discusses the use or function of artworks by evaluating their utilization and

combination of art elements and principles.

i
How to Learn from this Module
To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:
• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.
• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.
• Answer all the given tests and exercises.

Icons of this Module

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that
Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.

ii
What I Know
 PRE-ASSESMENT

ART IT RIGHT!
Directions: Identify each artwork images below by choosing the correct answers inside the
box as what art era it belongs. Write the letter of your answer on the space provided before
the number.

____ 1. Hagia Sophia CHOICE BOX

____ 2. Venus of Brassempouy
a) Pre-Historic Art e) Byzantine Art
____ 3. Head of Alexander b) Egyptian Art f) Romanesque Art
____ 4. Rose Window from the North transept c) Greek Art g) Gothic Art
____ 5. Hieroglyphics d) Roman Art

1 2

3 4 5

Highest Possible Score: 5

Equivalent Rating: Very Good: 5, Good: 4, Average: 2 - 3, Poor: 1 - 0

iii
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 Lesson Artworks Usage and Mediums
1
Mediums refers to the materials that are used to create a work of art.

Artworks from western and classical art can be in any use that serves, whether it’s for a
tradition or culture, but it is for sure a geographical movement that widespread in Europe and to
the rest of the world. It has a variety of materials or medium used to create an artwork.
Understanding the history of Western art in terms of successive period movements are actually
changes occurred in how the art was made and who it was made for.

What’s In

We already have encountered some Artworks from Western and Classical Art Traditions
from the previous lesson. In this module, you will get to know more about the art uses and its
variety of mediums on how it was made and who it was made for.

What’s New

Activity 1. PAIR ME UP!

Direction: Match the artwork title from Column B to its artwork details (including materials or
medium used) in Column A. Write the letter of your answers on the space provided before the
number (Please see next page for the artwork images).

COLUMN A COLUMN B
_____ 1. It is carved from limestone with excessively heavy breast a. Venus of Brassempouy
and abdomen used as charm to ensure fertility. b. Tomb of the Diver
_____ 2. A stained-glass window decoratively made out of many c. Head of Alexander
parts to convey and heighten a sense of divine pouring d. Rose Window of North
in from above. Transept
_____ 3. Is a tomb with an image painted using a fresco technique e. Pitsa Panel
with a limestone mortar. f. Venus of Willendorf
_____ 4. A sculpture of a lady with hood in a fragment ivory g. Lady and the Unicorn
figurine that represents a human face and hairstyle. Tapestry
_____ 5. Is a Roman floor mosaic originally from the House of the
faun in Pompeii that depicts the battle between the armies
of Alexander the Great and Darius III of Persia.
_____ 6. Are group of painted wooden tablets or panels found in the cave of in ancient Sikyon.

Highest Possible Score: 6

Equivalent Rating: Very Good: 6, Good: 5, Average: 4-3, Poor: 2 - 0

1
 B.VENUS OF BRASSEMPOUY A.TOMB OF THE DIVER

D. HEAD OF ALEXANDER C. ROSE WINDOW

E.PITSA PANEL

G. VENUS OF WILLENDORF F.LADY AND UNICORN TAPESTRY

What Is It

From the previous activity which is Activity 1 (PAIR ME UP!), you are asked to match the
titles of artwork to its artwork details.
Did you have a Very Good Equivalent Rating? If not, why?
(To Answer: Please check () the box of your possible answer below)
(If your answer is not on the choices, please feel free to specify it by writing it on the space
provided).
 because I do not know / understand Artwork Mediums.
 because I do not know / understand what is artwork.
 because I do not know anything about it.
 __________________________________________________________________.

Artwork Usage and Mediums during ancient, classical and medieval periods are actually
very diverse. Mainly started from the earliest medium found by the primitive people, to the
advance civilization they have in their culture or tradition in the late periods of this time.
Making marks or artworks in stones, ivory from elephant tusk, pigments (in combinations
of soil, animal fat, burnt charcoal and chalk in basic palette of red, yellow, brown, black and
white), oil, wax, wood, and other early materials are for purposely their needs and survival; later
it was gradually change through time; instead, for expression of devotion, religion, beautification
and symbolization. From painted caves to decorating churches using glass and light from the
sun; carving limestones to huge rocks to represent or symbolizes gods and create beautiful
vase to exuberant churches.
Artworks eventually evolved to its modernization by its civilization as culture adopts and
exposes to other traditions through time. It navigated different techniques, ways and usage of
varied mediums.

PAINTING
Here are some remarkable early ways and techniques of painting from different periods:
Pre-Historic Era
Their art markings or paintings in caves made historians and anthropologist interested in
studying and understanding early human life as clues – along with fossils and relics found. It
may have been their way of communicating with each other. It may also be for religious or
ceremonial purpose.

Classical Era (Egyptian, Greek and Roman Era)

Egyptian Era
Their paintings mostly are for their deceased loved-one such as a Pharaoh. Making their
afterlife a pleasant place. Emphasizing the importance of life after death and the preservation of
the knowledge of the past.
Greek Era
Most of their paintings commonly found in vases, panels and tomb. They depict natural
figures of their mythological beliefs and battle scenes and everyday scenes. Most common
methods of Greek Painting: (1) Fresco is a water-based pigment (tempera) method of painting,
freshly applied plaster usually on a wall surface. Colors are made of ground powder pigments
mixed in pure water, dried, and set with plaster to become permanent part of the wall. (2)
Encaustic is developed by Greek ship builders, used hot wax to fill the cracks of the ship.
Pigments (colors) were added and used to paint a wax hull. (3) Kerch Style is a vase painting
method, referred as Kersh Vases that are red, figured pottery named after the place it was
found; such as: pelike (wine container); lekanis (a low bowl with two horizontal handles; lebes
gamikos (with high handlesand lid use to carry bridal bath); krater (bowl use for mixing wine
and water). (4) Panel Painting are flat panels of wood, that can be small, single-pieced or
several panels joined together. (5) Tomb/Wall Painting uses the method of fresco with
tempera (water-based) or encaustic (wax) in a limestone mortar.
3
Roman Era
Most of paintings in this era were imitated from Hellenic Greek paintings, in Fresco
technique in brightly colored backgrounds, division of the wall into a multiple rectangular area
(tic-tac-toe design) multi-point perspective. Mosaic is an art process where an image is created
using an assemblage of small pieces of colored glass, stones, or other materials.

Medieval Era (Byzantine Era, Romanesque Era and Gothic Era

Byzantine Era
Most of the paintings are influenced by a Byzantium (former name of Istanbul) power,
depicting devious and surreptitious manner of operation but in time for Christian subjects mostly
in mosaic form of painting.

Romanesque Era
 Most of paintings are influenced by Mozarabic (Arabize Influence) where elongated oval
faces are evident. With large staring eyes and long noses, figures against flat colored bands
and heavy outlining. Mostly found in the walls of churches.

Gothic Era
Most of the paintings are confined in the illumination such as stained glass; created to
transform the vast stone interiors with warm and glowing color at the same time.

SCULPTURES
During ancient, classical and medieval period are formed or carved in mythological or
religious significance, sometimes presented in symbolic gestures especially in tombs and does
have a realistic proportion of human anatomy.

ARCHITECTURE
Pre-Historic Era
Early architecture is from a stone formation such as: Mehnhir a huge stone standing
stone vertically on the ground. Dolmens which means “stone table”, structures in a from of
table consisting two stones. Cromlech is a Brythonic word that means crom means “bent” or
“curved” and lech means “slab” or flagstones. Literally it is a circle of standing stones.

Classical Era (Egyptian, Greek and Roman Era)

Pyramids of Giza are the funerary structures of the three kings of the fourth dynasty
(2575 to 2465 BC) Khufu (Cheops) whom the Great Pyramid is attributed; Khafa (Chepren)
whom the pyramid next to Great Pyramid is attributed; and the smallest is attributed to
Menkaura (Mycerinus).
Mastaba is a type of Egyptian tomb in the form of flat-roofed, rectangular structure with
outward sloping sides.
In Roman times, they built sturdy stones structures to perpetuate their glory. Emperors
erected huge hall and arenas for public games, baths and processions, with gigantic arches of
stone, bricks and concrete or with barrel vaults.

Medieval Era (Byzantine Era, Romanesque Era and Gothic Era

In Byzantine Era, architectural structures are mostly Christian Churches, with much of
Mosaic decorations. Romanesque times made churches grand sculptured portals with wood or
metal doors that are surrounded by elaborate stone sculptures arranged in zones to fit
architectural elements. Gothic Era have pointed arches and much higher ceiling vaults and
stone vaulting borne on a network of stone ribs supported by piers and clustered pillars. It is a
much of a castellation design.

In this part, you will need to have a closer look and take more time in analzying the
usage and medium used in an artwork in the next activity.

What’s More

Activity 2: DETECTIVE ONCE MORE!

Direction: Investigate carefully the artwork image below by
analyzing the usage and medium used in the artwork. Write
your answers on the space provided.

JUDGEMENT OF PARIS (370 – 330 BC)

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What Is It

As you can see, artworks played a significant role especially to historians and
archeologist, for the fact that it proves the early human life ways of existence as relics and
evidences.
It provides information, verification and knowledge about the earliest culture of people
that existed in the world, depicting ways of life whether for survival or as tradition. It gives the
scientists understanding towards time or period evolution.

What I Have Learned

Activity 3: EVALUATE ME!

Evaluate one of the most outstanding work of Leonardo di ser Piero Da Vinci’s “PIETA”
by its art elements and principles. Write your own critics below on the space provided.
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6
 What I Can Do

Performance Task. BUILD BUILD!

1. Create an architectural artwork (Building) out of a recyclable materials.
2. Write a title and provide other details in making your artwork.
3. Provide a write-up of evaluation about your artwork.
4. Answer Reflection below.

1. BUILDING MAKING. (When your done with your architectural work, put it in a secured
box or paper bag. Submit this work together with this module)

2. Title of Artwork: __________________________________________________

Date & Time (started - completed): ______________________________________
Art Medium Used: ________________________________________________

3. EVALUATION:

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4. REFLECTION: Reflect by writing your answers on the space provided.

1. Why did you decide/choose this subject/composition?
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2. What did you feel while doing your artwork?
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7
 RUBRIC for ARTWORK
CRITERIA 5 4 3 2
QUALITY OF Most of the
All instructions were 1-2 instructions were 3-4 instructions were
WORK instructions were not
followed correctly not followed correctly not followed correctly
followed correctly
Artwork mostly Artwork somehow Artwork did not
Artwork conveys the
VISUAL conveys the idea and conveys the idea and convey the idea and
idea and dimensions
IMPACT dimensions of dimensions of dimensions of
of communication
communication communication communication
Artwork was Artwork was
Artwork was Artwork was
PUNCTUALITY completed on time completed 1 day late
completed 2 days completed 3 days
late late
Artwork presentation Artwork presentation
Artwork presentation Artwork presentation
NEATNESS was neat and orderly
was mostly neat and was somehow neat
was disorderly
orderly and orderly

DESCRIPTIVE RATING SCORE / POINTS

Excellent 18-20
Very Good 15-17
Good 11-13
Fair 9-10
Poor 8

Summary

Artwork Usage and Mediums during ancient, classical and medieval periods are
actually very diverse. Mainly started from the earliest medium found by the primitive people,
to the advance civilization they have in their culture or tradition in the late periods of this
time.

Making marks or artworks in stones, ivory from elephant tusk, pigments (in
combinations of soil, animal fat, burnt charcoal and chalk in basic palette of red, yellow,
brown, black and white), oil, wax, wood, and other early materials are for purposely their
needs and survival; later it was gradually change through time; instead, for expression of
devotion, religion, beautification and symbolization. From painted caves to decorating
churches using glass and light from the sun; carving limestones to huge rocks to represent
or symbolizes gods and create beautiful vase to exuberant churches.

Artworks eventually evolved to its modernization by its civilization as culture adopts

and exposes to other traditions through time. It navigated different techniques, ways and
usage of varied mediums.
 8

Assessment: (Post-Test)

POST ASSESSMENT

ART IT RIGHT!
Directions: Identify each artwork images below by choosing your answers from the choice
box as what art era it belongs. Write the letter of your answer on the space provided.

____ 1. Hagia Sophia CHOICE BOX

____ 2. Venus of Brassempouy
a) Pre-Historic Art e) Byzantine Art
____ 3. Head of Alexander b) Egyptian Art f) Romanesque Art
____ 4. Rose Window from the North transept c) Greek Art g) Gothic Art
____ 5. Hieroglyphics d) Roman Art

1 2

3 4 5

Highest Possible Score: 5

Equivalent Rating: Very Good: 5, Good: 4, Average: 2 - 3, Poor: 1 - 0
 9

Key to Answers

PRE-ASSESSMENT

1. E
2. A
3. D
4. G
5. B

ACTIVITY 1: PAIR ME UP!

1. F
2. D
3. B
4. A
5. C
6. E

ACTIVITY 2: DETECTIVE ONCE MORE!

(answers indefinite)

ACTIVITY 3: EVALUATE ME!

(answers indefinite)

POST-ASSESSMENT

1. E
2. A
3. D
4. G
5. B

10
References

A. Books:

Badiola, Mary Grace J. et. al. (2014). A Journey Through Western Music and Arts.
Department of Education. First Edition. Vibal Group Inc.

B. Websites:

https://www.artyfactory.com/art_appreciation/visual-elements/form.html
https://www.liveabout.com/principles-of-art-and-design-2578740
http://learn.leighcotnoir.com/artspeak/principles/
https://www.theartist.me/infographics/10-principles-of-art/
https://theconversation.com/three-simple-steps-to-understand-art-look-see-think-33020
http://www.artgallery.nsw.gov.au/discover-art/learn-more/western-art/

For Pictures:

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alexander_Mosaic-high_res_fragment.jpg
https://pixabay.com/photos/hagia-sophia-istanbul-turkey-2367210/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/hunky_punk/14481817916
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Venus_of_Brassempouy.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Venus_von_Willendorf_01.jpg
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/156218680796061771/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_Tomb_of_the_Diver_-_Paestum_-_Italy.JPG
https://www.pickpik.com/hieroglyphics-pharaohs-egypt-luxor-karnak-inscription-127822
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Greekreligion-animalsacrifice-corinth-6C-BCE.jpg
https://www.needpix.com/photo/887424/parthenon-greece-acropolis-athens-greek-ancient-landmark-
famous-monument

9
 For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

DepEd Division of Iligan City

Office Address: General Aguinaldo, St., Iligan City
Telefax: (063)221-6069
E-mail Address: iligan.city@deped.gov.ph