Harfridz Khail S.

Haddarani
BS CRIM 1-A
Wednesday/Saturday (5:30 - 7:00 PM)
September 23, 2020

Introduction.
The word “history” is a complex term to define. “History” refers to the past (and to some
extent also to the future) is not something “real” but rather something mental, a concept or model we have
constructed based on information we have gleaned. In my own views, I don’t think that history is a constant
like mathematics. Rather, it is just a concept we as a human race developed in order to explain things that
has happened way before our time. History as we all know it is being studied up until now for its
significance. It’s significance includes; Understanding people and society, Contributes to Moral
Understanding, and most importantly, It is very important in terms of our identity as a human race.

Meaning and Relevance of History

History in several ways. It could be defined as a documented record of man and his society. As a field
of study, it is a study of man and his achievements from the beginning of written records to the present time
(Gray, 1956 in De Viana, 2015). As a record, it is a documented history of man and his society. As
literature, history is an effective presentation of the unfolding of events.History is not merely a chronology,
i.e., a list of events as they happen, but this should show a pattern on how man and his society has evolved
from the primitive form to the present; showing his ability to cope with obstacles and challenges that he
himself or nature has placed throughout his existence.

Distinction of Primary and Secondary Sources

Sources are very important, in the study of history. They are the originators of information and data.
There are basically two types of sources in history: the primary sources and secondary sources. Primary
sources are considered as the lifeblood of history. De Vices (2015) states that the primary source directly
talks about the subject matter.Examples of primary sources are minutes of meeting, diaries and joumals,
autobiographies, speeches, receipts, essays written by a person expressing his views, laws, letters of
instructions, decrees, letters, eyewitnesses accounts, official reports, newsletter articles reporting directly
about the event, editorials or books containing direct quotation of events.

Secondary sources arc documents or works made by individuals who are not directly involved to the
events or made by people who obtained the information from somebody else or from primary sources.
Examples of secondary sources are textbooks, encyclopedia entries, newspapers accounts of a meeting,
magazine articles about a subject or teachers' reports on student behavior as reported by school counselors.
There is also a third classification of sources called general references. A general reference merely points the
reader to the primary or secondary source.

Repositories of Primary Sources:

National Archive of the Philippines, National Library of the Philippines , National Historical
Commissions of the Philippines,National Museum of the Philippines, UP Main Library, ADMU Rizal
Library, DLSU Library, UST Library, Library of Congress, National Archives and Records Administration,
Archivo General de Indias, Lopes Memorial Musuem, Ayala Museum.

Different Kinds of Primary Sources:

Human fossils, Artifacts, Royal Decrees & Laws, Official Reports, Chronicles ,Ftiar accounts,
Maps ,Memoirs, Personal Account, Newspaper, Magazines, Legislative Journals, Court Records, Speeches.
Personal Letters, On line databases, Blogs, Documentary Films, Recorded interviews.

References:
GREY, E. J., & BIONG, R. D. (2017). Readings in Philippine History (Student's Edition ed.). Ilo-Ilo City, Philippines:
MALONES PRINTING PRESS & PUBLISHING HOUSE.
"What is History & Why Study It?". Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 21 January
2014