Covers chapter 1 and 2

Oct.5(long quiz)

Professional-

expert

magandang paggawa

unprofessional-unethical behavior, describe someone's behaviour at work, criticizing them for

not behaving according to the standards that are expected of a person in their profession.

Professional fees-are prices charged by individuals specially trained in specific

fields of arts and sciences, such as doctors, architects, lawyers, and accountants.

Highly professional or unprofessional

imply a code of ethics by which a professional person abide

The other elements of a professional:

1) Initial profefessional education- professional generally beegin their professional

lives by completing a univerity program in their chosen fields- teacher education, engineering.

"completing a university program"

"Not yet licenced"

2) Accreditation- University programs are approved by regulatory body like the

(CHED) in the phils to ensure that graduates from these recognized

programs start their professional lives with competence.

"approved by"

"signed by"

3) Licensing-mandatory

4)professional development-

by attending seminars, trainings, units for the

Continuing professional development mandates by RA 10912

CPD Act of 2016

5)Professional societies-

LPT- licenced prof. teachers

Joining organizations/society
6) Code of ethics

serves as the bible for teachers

to ensure that the teachers should behave reponsibly

*Do's and the Don't's

Teaching is a profession(sumary of elements)

1) long years of initial professional educ

2) The attainment of a college degree recognize by CHED

3) Lcensure exam, LET

4) AContinuing prof development

5) Adherence to the code of ethics for prof teachers

The historical development of teaching as a profession in the phils

1)Presidential Decree 1006, first legal document that professionalized teaching

issued by: Pres. Ferdinand E Marcos

*Year 1976

2)In 1994, RA 7836(known as the Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994)

-to promote quality education by proper supervision and regulation of the licensure
examination and professionalization of the practice of teaching profession.

3)During the pre-hispanic period,Mothers, fathers, tribal leaders served as teachers at home
and in the community

4)During the Spanish period and by the virtue of Education Decree of 1863, free public school
system was established. There was one school for boys and another one school for girls in every
community.

-The Spanish missionaries served as teachers.

-The same decree provided for a normal school run by the Jesuits to educate male teachers in
Manila. Normal schools for women were not established until 1875.

-he foundation of teacher education in the Philippines was laid by the Spanish Government
during the mid 18th century. It is said to have begun on August 4, 1765, when King Charles of
Spain issued a Royal Decree requiring each village to have a “maestro”.

-On November 28, 1772, another Royal Decree specified the qualifications of teachers.
However, it was not until 1863 that there was a specific attempt to systematize and update the
education of Filipino teachers.
5)In 1901, the Philippine Commission enacted into law Act 74 which created the Department of
Public Instruction, laid the foundations of the public school system and offered free primary
education for Filipinos.

-There was a shortage of teachers. The Philippine Commission authorized the Secretary of
Public Instruction to bring to the Philippines 600 teachers from USA.

-They were the "Thomasites"

During the mid 18th century

Due to urgent need for teachers, the Americans gave bright young Filipino students
opportunity to take up higher education in American colleges and universities financed by the
Philippine government. They were the PENSIONADOS.

6)Act 74 OF 1901 also provided for the establishment of Philippine Normal School (PNS) in
Manila.

- The PNS formally opened in September 1901, as an institution for the training of teachers.

-For more than 2 decades, PNS offered a two-year general secondary education program

-In 1928, it became a junior college offering a two-year program to graduates of secondary
schools.

-In 1949, PNS renamed Philippine Normal College, offered the four-year Bachelor of Science in
Elementary Education.

-This means that the present four-year preparation for the professional teacher began as a two-
year program only. Teacher preparation became four years only in 1949 and thereafter.

7)Teaching became a profession in 1976 with PD 1006.

8) The requirement of a licensure examination for teachers that puts teaching at par with the
other professions was enacted only in 1994 with the passing of RA 7836, otherwise known as
the Teachers’ Professionalism Act.

-There was no formal preparation for teachers during the pre-Hispanic times. The formal
training of teachers began during the Spanish period when men were trained as maestros by
the Jesuits. A few year later maestras were also trained.

9)In 1901, a two-year preparation for teachers was given by the Philippine Norma School.

Then the two years became four years since the two academic preparation was seen
inadequate.

To ensure quality teachers and to make teaching at par with other professions, in addition to a
four-year education course, passing a licensure examination was made mandatory by RA 7836.
Chapter 1, Lesson 2. Teaching as a vocation and as a mission

“Keep interested in your own career, however humble; it is a real possession in the changing
fortunes of times”- Desiderata

Teaching: Mission and/or job?

Consult pictures:

Understand and memorize some

TEACHING: MISSION AND/OR JOB?

*If you are doing it only because you are paid for it, it’s a job.

*If you are doing it not only for the pay but also for service, it’s a mission.

*If you quit because your boss or colleague criticized you, it’s a job.

*If you keep on teaching out of love, it’s a mission.

*If you teach because it does not interfere with your other activities, it’s a job.

*If you are committed to teaching even if it means letting go of other activities, it’s a mission.

*If you quit because no one praises or thanks you for what you do, it’s a job.

*If you remain teaching even though nobody recognizes your efforts, it’s a mission.

*It’s hard to get excited about a teaching job;

*It’s almost impossible not to get excited about a mission.

*If our concern is success, it’s a job;

*If our concern in teaching is success plus faithfulness in our job, teaching is a mission.

"An average school is filled by teachers doing their teaching job;

A great school is filled with teachers involved in a mission of teaching."

TEACHING AS A VOCATION

Vocation from "vocare" means to "call".

Why is two years course called as vocational?

Mission from latin word 'mission' means 'to send'.

vocation, your calling

What exaclty is your mission to teach?

TEACHING AS A MISSION

1) Teach the child the funtamental skills or basic r's of reading

'riting'ritmetic and right conduct.

2) To help the child master the basic skills so he can cintinue acquiring

higher-level skills in order to become a productive member of the society.

3) To deposit facts and other infomation into the 'empty minds' of students to be withdrawn
during quizzes and tests.

4)To 'midwife' the birth of ideas latent in the minds of students.

latent=existing but not yet developed

asses

5)To facilitate the maximum development of his potential not only for himself but also for
others.

6)From Alfred North Whitehead, it is to help the child become “the man of culture and of
expertise”

7)From Bertrand Russell, “to provide opportunities for the child’s growth and to remove
hampering influences”.

8)To teach is to influence every child entrusted in your care to become better and happier
because life becomes more meaningful

9)To teach is to help the child become human.

*DR. JOSETTE T. BIYO, the first Asian teacher to win the Intel Excellence in Teaching Award in
an international competition.

-Teaching may not be a lucrative position. It cannot guarantee financial security.

*The “Pwede Na” Mentality: Enemy of Excellent Mission Preparation and Accomplishment

Aim for excellence

Don't settle for mediocrity. Always aim excellency

Chapter 2:

CHAPTER 2. THE DEMAND OF SOCIETY FROM THE TEACHER AS A PROFESSIONAL AND AS

A PERSON

“Professionalism: It’s NOT the job you DO. It’s HOW you DO the job.-Anonymous

LESSON 1: The Demands of Society from the Teacher as a Professional

-From his very title “teacher”, to teach well is what society primary demands of teachers.

The learning of the learner is the teacher’s main concern.

*The effective teacher makes the good and the not so good learner learn. On the other hand,
the ineffective teacher adversely affects the learning of both good and not so good student.

consider the following research findings shared by Dallas Public Schools’ Accountability
System:

*Learning gains realized by students during a year in the classroom of an effective teacher were
sustained over later years and were compounded by additional years with effective teachers.

*Conversely, depressed achievement results resisted improvement even after a student was
placed with an effective teacher, and the negative impact was discernible statistically for
approximately three subsequent years.

THE TEACHER AS A PROFESSIONAL

-The teacher should possess the elements of a professional

Models of effective teaching by:

*(Robert Manzano’s) Causal Teacher Evaluation Model of four Domains:

1. Classroom strategies and behaviour

- involve routine events such as communicating learning goals and feedback and establishing
rules and procedures

- involve addressing content by helping students interact with new knowledge, practice and
deepen new knowledge

-helping students generate and test hypotheses

2. Planning and Preparing

- planning and preparing of lessons(Making syllabus,lesson plan, etc.)

-for use of technology

- for needs of students receiving special education

- for needs of students who lack support for schooling

Effective and ineffective teacher

The effective teacher makes the good and the not so good learner learn. On the other hand, the
ineffective teacher adversely affects the learning of both good and not so good student.

What does society expect of teachers as professionals? "A professional teacher should teach
well."

A teacher should possess the elements of being a professional

3. Reflection on Teaching

- evaluating personal performance such as identifying areas of pedagogical strengths and

Weaknesses

- developing, implementing and monitoring a professional growth plan

4. Collegiality and Professionalism

- promoting positive interactions with colleagues, students and parents

- seeking mentorship for areas of needs/interest

-mentoring other teachers and sharing ideas and strategies

- adhering to school rules and procedures

- participating in school initiatives

B. (CHARLOTTE DANIELSON) FRAMEWORK FOR TEACHING

1. Planning and Preparation

2. The Classroom Management

3. Instruction

4. Professional Responsibilities

- reflecting on teaching

-maintaining accurate records

- communicating with families

- participating in the professional community

-growing professionally

- showing professionalism
C. JAMES STRONGE- TEACHER EFFECTIVENESS PERFORMANCE EVALUATION SYSTEM
(TEPES):

Seven Performance Standards

1Professional Knowledge

2Instructional Planning

3Instructional Delivery

4Assessment of/for Learning

5The Learning Environment

6Professionalism – maintains a commitment to professional ethics, communicates effectively

and takes responsibility for and participates in professional growth that results in enhanced
learning.

7Student Progress – the work of the teacher results in acceptable, measurable and appropriate
student academic progress.

D.Teacher Evaluation Standards- THE McREL MODEL ( Mid-Continent Research for Education
and Learning)

1. Teachers demonstrate leadership

*Lead in their classroom

*Demonstrate leadership in the school

*Lead the teaching profession

*Advocate for schools and students

*Demonstrate high ethical standards

2. Teachers establish a respectful environment for a diverse population of students

3. Teachers know the content they teach

4. Teachers facilitate learning in their students

5. Teachers reflect on their practices

*Since the main task of the professional teacher is to teach, society demands from him
teaching competence. Teaching competence is spelled out in the PPST and in the four models of
effective teaching. This means that if he has to teach effectively he has to:

1)Prepare and plan very well for instruction;

2)Execute or deliver that instruction plan very well because he has professional knowledge
(mastery of subject matter);
3)Create a conducive or favourable learning environment for diverse groups of learners;

4)Assess and report learners progress;

5)Demonstrate professionalism as he deals with superiors, colleagues, students and parents.

THE PHILIPPINE PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS FOR TEACHERS (PPST)

-The PPST, the revised National Competency-Based Teacher Standards (NCBTS)give

the teacher professional competencies in seven(7) domains, 37 strands and 148 performance
indicators for four(4) career stages. According to the PPST, quality teachers in the Philippines
need to possess the following characteristics:

1)DOMAIN1. CONTENT KNOWLEDGE AND PEDAGOGY

-Recognize the importance of mastery of content knowledge and its interconnectedness within
and across curriculum areas, coupled with a sound and critical understanding and the
application of theories and principles of teaching and learning. They apply pedagogy grounded
on content knowledge and current research.

2)DOMAIN2. LEARNING ENVIRONMENT

-Provide learning environments that are safe, secure, fair and supportive in order to promote
learner responsibility and achievement. They create an environment that is learning-focused
and they efficiently manage learner behaviour in a physical and virtual space.

3)DOMAIN 3.DIVERSITY OF LEARNERS

-Establish learning environments that are responsive to learner diversity. They respect
learners’ diverse characteristics and experiences as inputs to the planning and design of
learning opportunities. They encourage the celebration of diversity in the classroom and the
need for teaching practices that are differentiated to encourage all learners to be successful
citizens in a changing local and global environment.

4)DOMAIN 4. CURRICULUM AND PLANNING

-Interact with the national and local curriculum requirements. They translate curriculum
content into learning activities that are relevant to learners and based on the principles of
effective teaching and learning.

-They apply their professional knowledge to plan and design individually or in collaboration
with colleagues, well-structure and sequenced lessons that are contextually relevant,
responsive to learners’ needs and incorporate a range of teaching and learning resources. They
communicate learning goals to support learner participation, understanding and achievement.

5)DOMAIN5. ASSESSMENT AND REPORTING

-Apply a variety of assessment tools and strategies in monitoring, evaluating, documenting and
reporting learners’ needs, progress and achievement. They use assessment data in a variety of
ways to inform and enhance the teaching and learning process and programs.

-They provide learners with the necessary feedback about learning outcomes that inform the
reporting cycle and enables teachers to select, organize and use sound assessment processes.
6)DOMAIN 6.COMMUNITY LINKAGES AND PROFESSIONAL ENGAGEMENT

-Establish school-community partnerships aimed at enriching the learning environment, as

well as the community’s engagement in the educative process. They identify and respond to
opportunities that link teaching and learning in the classroom to the experiences, interests and
aspirations of the wider school community and other key stakeholder.

-They understand and fulfil their obligations in upholding professional ethics, accountability
and transparency to promote professional and harmonious relationships with learners,
parents, schools and the wider community.

7)DOMAIN 7.PERSONAL GROWTH AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT

-Value personal growth and professional development and exhibit high personal regard for the
profession by maintaining qualities that uphold the dignity of teaching such as caring attitude,
respect and integrity. They value personal and professional reflection and learning to improve
their practice. They assume responsibility for professional growth and professional
development for lifelong learning.

PROFESSIONALISM: THE HALLMARK OF A PROFESSIONAL

Below are Teacher’s Obligations enumerated in Section 16 of Batas Pambansa Blg.232 known
as the Education Act of 1982. Every teacher shall:

*Perform his duties to the school by discharging his responsibilities in accordance with the
philosophy, goals, and objectives of the school.

*Be accountable for the efficient and effective attainment of specified learning objectives in
pursuance of national development goals, within the limits of available school resources.

*Render regular reports on performance of each student to the latter’s parents or guardians
with specific suggestions for improvement.

*Assume the responsibility to maintain and sustain his professional growth and advancement
and maintain professionalism in his behaviour at all times.

*Refrain from making deductions in students’ scholastic ratings for acts that are clearly not
manifestations of poor scholarship.

*Participate as an agent of constructive, social, economic, moral, intellectual, cultural and

political change in his school and the community within the context of national policies.

additional notes:
-a member of the Society of Jesus, a Roman Catholic order of priests founded by St. Ignatius
Loyola, St. Francis Xavier, and others in 1534, to do missionary work.

-Normal schools for women were not established until 1875.

-So it was the Spaniards who started training teachers in normal schools

-At the end of Spanish rule, schools during the Spanish era were closed for a time by
Aguinaldo’s government.

-During the American regime, American soldiers served as the first teachers.

-Thomasites-600 teachers from USA brought to phils.

-PENSIONADOS-Due to urgent need for teachers, the Americans gave bright young Filipino
students opportunity to take up higher education in American colleges and universities
financed by the Philippine government.

-Teacher preparation became four years only in 1949 and thereafter.

PD means presidential decree

RA 7836-otherwise known as the Teachers’ Professionalism Act

-To ensure quality teachers and to make teaching at par with other professions, in addition to a
four-year education course, passing a licensure examination was made mandatory by RA 7836.

-Sepetember 1901, PNS opened in manila

-1949, PNS renamed as Philippine Normal College

-1976, teaching became a profession with PD 1006 enacted only in 1994

*DR. JOSETTE T. BIYO, the first Asian teacher to win the Intel Excellence in Teaching Award in
an international competition.

-Teaching may not be a lucrative position. It cannot guarantee financial security.

The Code of Ethics of Professional Teachers defines the TEACHER as a “LICENSED

PROFESSIONAL who possesses DIGNITY and REPUTATION with HIGH MORAL VALUES as
well as TECHNICAL and PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE…

he adheres to, OBSERVES AND PRACTICES A SET OF ETHICAL and MORAL PRINCIPLES,
STANDARDS and VALUES.