Name Michael Joshua K.

Cruz Score: ______________

Course/Sec. Bscpe 1-1 Date Submitted /Time: Oct 7, 2020/ 5:10 PM

Topic: First Law of Thermodynamics

I. Define the following terms:

a. Heat - energy transferred between substances or systems due to a temperature difference
between them.
b. Work - work performed by a system is energy transferred by the system to its surroundings.
c. Temperature - is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules in the
system.
d. Enthalpy - the sum of the internal energy and the product of the pressure and volume of a
thermodynamic system.
e. Enthalpy change - the change in enthalpy observed in the constituents of a thermodynamic
system when undergoing a transformation or chemical reaction.
f. Thermochemical equation - is a balanced stoichiometric chemical equation that includes the
enthalpy change
g. First Law of Thermodynamics - The first law makes use of the key concepts of internal
energy, heat, and system work. It is used extensively in the discussion of heat engines.
h. Hess’ Law - states that regardless of the multiple stages or steps of a reaction, the total
enthalpy change for the reaction is the sum of all changes. This law is a manifestation that
enthalpy is a state function.

II. Classify the following process as endothermic or exothermic.

Endothermic 1. Melting of butter Exothermic 6. Perspiring

Endothermic 2. Rubbing the hands with
alcohol
Exothermic 3. Burning of gasoline
Exothermic 4. Mixing of HCl with water
Endothermic 5. Subliming of naphthaline
Exothermic 7. Making of ice
Exothermic 8. Ice or snow forming in
clouds
Exothermic 9. Inflating a bicycle tire
Endothermic 10. Breaking down of food

III. Fill in the Blanks

a. Heat gained (absorbed) is considered Exothermic ; heat lost by system to surroundings is
Endothermic.
b. At constant volume heat flow is equal to Internal Change while under constant pressure, the
heat flow is equal to Enthalpy Change.

IV. Check your understanding

1. What are the two major ways in which the internal energy of an object can be categorized? How
do these ways differ from one another? Kinetic & Potential Energy . The difference from one
another is the kinetic energy is energy in motion while the potential energy is stored energy.
2. If a system loses heat, where does it go? And why? In the surroundings, because it is an
exothermic process.
3. Describe the following processes as exothermic or endothermic: Explain your answer
a. calcium chloride is mixed with water, resulting in a very hot solution: an exothermic
reaction, which means that the combination of the two substances releases heat.
 b. ammonium nitrate is mixed in water, resulting in a very cold solution: This process absorbs
energy from its surroundings, therefore it is endothermic and lowers the temperature of
the water.

4. The thermochemical equation for the combustion (i.e., burning) of one mole of benzene under
standard conditions is
15
C6H6(l)+ O2(g) 6CO2(g)+3H2O(l) ΔH =–3267.7kJ/mol
2
 
a. Is this reaction exothermic or endothermic? Explain . This is an exothermic process because its
burning or being consumed by the fire, it means the system produces heat to the
surroundings.