Shear force and

bending moment diagram

An Overview
• Beam/ shaft will develop internal shear (V)
force and bending moment (M) when it is
subjected to transverse loading.
• In order to properly design a beam, the
maximum values for V and M in the beam
have to be found. This could be done
through the shear force and bending
moment diagram.
• The internal shear and bending moment
will be discontinuous at points where
distributed load changes or when
concentrated load or couples are applied.
• Because of this shear and bending
moment must be determined for each
region of the beam located between any
two discontinuities of loadings.
 Sign of convention
• Dissect the interested section into 2 parts.
• Always use below sign of convention.

Preferable
Analyze from left to right Analyze from right to left
 Procedure
• Draw the free body diagram
• Find support reaction force by using
principle of equilibrium.
• Determine the number of section to
analyze.
• Determine the shear and moment
functions of each section.
• Draw and complete the shear and moment
diagrams section by section.
 Example
• Draw a shear force and bending moment
diagrams for the following beam
10 N

5m 5m
• 1. Find support reaction force
5m

A B

10m

+ ∑ Fy = 0 RA + RB = 10

+ ∑MA = 0 RB × 10 - 10 × 5 = 0
RB = 5 N
∴ RA = 10 - RB = 5 N
• Analyze the first section (from the left of the
beam to the point right before the load)

+ ∑ Fy = 0
5N–V=0
V=5N
RA = 5 N
+ ∑Mx = 0

M–5x=0

M = 5 x N.m

When x = 0 m When x = 5 m
M = 0 N.m M = 25 N.m
• Analyze the second section (from the left to the
point right before the end of the beam).
10 N
+ ∑ Fy = 0 5m

5 N –10 N – V = 0

V=-5N
5N
+ ∑Mx = 0
M + 10 (x – 5) – 5 x = 0

M = - 5 x + 50 N.m

When x = 5 m When x = 10 m
M = 25 N.m M = 0 N.m
• Plot the diagrams
10 N

5N 5N

SFD 5N
0

-5N

Mmax = 25 N.m

BMD

0
 Exercise
8N 10 N

5m 13 m 5m

10 N

3m 10 m 7m
12 N