ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR

Understanding
Groups and
Teams
Defining Groups
"A group can be defined as two or more freely interacting
individuals who share a common identity or purpose"

"A work group is defined as two or more interacting and

independent individuals who work together to achieve
common goals"

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 Groups 
Collection of two or more people
Have common goal
United by some common belief or ties
Aware about each other's presence
Depend upon each other to do tasks
Share common values
May be formal or informal
Complete activities in relatively sustained
and structured manner
Regularly interact with each other
Working group increases the feeling of
ownership and participation

02
 Reason Of Group Formation
Employee's Perspective Organizational Perspective

Security Socialization
Status Effective Functioning
Self Esteem Transformation of
Affiliation Information
Power Rational Decision
Goal Achievement Common Goals

03
 CLASSIFYING GROUPS
FORMAL GROUP INFORMAL GROUP

Formal Groups : Those defined by the organization’s

structure, with designated work assignments
establishing tasks

Informal groups -- Alliances that are neither formally

structured nor organizationally determined
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Formal Groups  & Informal Groups
Formal Groups : 
- Command Groups 
- Task Groups

Informal groups :
- Interest Group
- Friendship Group

05
Formal Group
Command Groups
Specified in the organization hierarchy
Usually outlined in the chart
Consists of managers and a set of immediate
subordinates
Relatively a permanent group
Undertakes regular activities
Continues to exist until a decision is made to change
or restructure the organization structure
Different organizational departments and divisions
are the examples

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FORMAL GROUP

Task Group

Formed for performing a specific task

may or may not be a part of the organization structure
Has diverse level of professionals (Eg: HR, OPS, Front
Desk, etc)
If permanent then called a "Standing Committee"
If temporaty then called a "Adhoc Committee"
Examples: Committee, project group, Task force

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INFORMAL GROUP

Interest Group 
Formed to share a common interest
special concern for particular issue
emerges to pursue a specific common goal
members share common intersets or
hobbibes
Example: Sports, Adventure, Cooking,
Photography, Writing

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INFORMAL GROUP

Friendship Groups

Formed because of social affiliation needs

needs of belonging, affiliation, acceptance
employees having common characteristics like
age, political sentiment, values easily form
such groups
more active on of-the-job activities

09
 Stages Of Group Formation

FORMING STORMING NORMING

PERFORMING ADJOURNING

10
FORMING STAGE : STAGE 1

Members introduce themselves

Members interact with a lot of introductory questions
Confusion over Group's purpose, structure, leadership,
acceptable behavior and group rules
Once the team members acknowledge each other as
members the stage is completed

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STORMING STAGE: STAGE 2

Stage characterized by high degree of conflict and confrontation

Members expectations, interpersonal styles, problem of group goals
vs individual goals can cause conflict
Question on leadership, authority, control, freedom may arise
A more clear purpose and goals will be established after this stage
Managing the expectation and status is a great challenge in this stage

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NORMING STAGE: STAGE 3

Referred to as initial integration as groups begin to come together

work as coordinated unit, develop close relationships and demonstrate
group cohesiveness
Members strive to maintain harmony and keep a strong sense of identity
members want to protect the group from disintegration
They have a "WE" feeling with higher degree of cooperation
This set is completed when members agree on a common set of
expectations and methods to achieve tasks
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PERFORMING STAGE: STAGE 4

This stage is the action part of the group formation

Group members emerge as matured, organized and well functional units
The group is fully developed
Devotes its energy in getting the jobs done
Members motivated by the group goals and are generally satisfied
Members complete assigned jobs through mutual support, coordination
and guidance
Task performance and human resource maintenance are the primary
challenges of this stage
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ADJOURNIG STAGE: STAGE 5

For permanent groups performing is the last stage

For temporary groups adjourning is the last stage
Members focus on achieving the group goals and winding up activities
Response of members vary upon their perceptions about group's goal
achievement
Members will exhibit mixed feedback depending upon the amount of work
completed

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Thank you for
your time!