CHAPTER 5 : PRESSURE MEASUREMENT

Absolute pressure : fluid pressure above the reference value of a perfect vacuum or the absolute zero pressure.
Gauge pressure : pressure above the reference value of atmospheric pressure.
Atmospheric pressure : at sea level is nearly 1.013x105 N/m2 (101kPa) or 760 mm of Hg. (Pressure in the surrounding air)

Gravitional-type Thermal Conductivty Gauges

>= 1000 atm : very high
<= 1 mm Hg : very low
Elastic-type Ionization Gauges

Gauge, vacuum, &

absolute pressure
Bourdon tube (Elastic type)
High Pressure Measurement Elastic element will get deformed when
To be used for pressure above 1000 atm pressure applied. Deformation can be
Electrical resistance change of measured mechanically or electrically.
amanganin (alloy of Cu, Ni, Mn) or gold Diaphragm
chrome wire, with hydrostatic pressure Bellows
to accommodate a bulk compression Capsule
effect. Helical tube

Diaphragm PRESSURE Manometer

Pressure Gauge
MEASUREMENT
Bourdon gauge common been used to Manometer (Gravitational-type)
measure pressure. Difference height level between limbs is an
Pressure been measured by amplified indication of pressure different (p1-p2)
the motion of tube end and indicated by U-tube manometer
a moving pointer on a calibrated scale. Mercury manometer
Cistern manometer
Inclined tube manometer
Hydrostatic Bellows pressure
Pressure Gauge gauge

Hydrostatic pressure created by a liquid is
directly related to the height of the liquid
column (P = pgh)
The rise and fall of the liquid level causes a
corresponding increase/decrease in P which
is directly proportional to the liquid level h.
Pressure is applied to one side of bellows and
resulting deflection is counter balanced by a
spring = gauge pressure.
Pressure is applied to inside of one sealed bellow
while other pressure is applied to the inside of
another sealed bellow = pointer on the scale