Documente Academic
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ID NO SGSR 388/12
Anatomy of liver
• Located in the RUQ of the abdomen in the
peritoneal space just below the right side of the
diaphragm and under the rib cage.
• Also flowing into the portal vein before its entry into
the liver is the pancreatic venous drainage, rich in
pancreatic hormones (insulin, glucagon, somatostatin,
and pancreatic polypeptide).
(Gary D. Hammer, MD, PhD, & Stephen J. McPhee, 2019)
Hepatitis
• Is an inflammation of the cells of the liver, resulting
from infection by viral agents or exposure to drugs
toxic to the liver or occasionally from bacterial
infection.
(Williams, 2007)
(Williams, 2007)
(Williams, 2007)
(Lemone, 2011)
(Lemone, 2011)
(Lemone, 2011)
(Lemone, 2011)
(Lemone, 2011)
(Lemone, 2011)
(Lemone, 2011)
2. Icteric stage
peaks at 2 weeks and lasts 2 to 6 weeks.
Jaundice
Pruritus
Clay-colored stools
Brown urine
Decrease in preicteric phase symptoms (e.g., appetite
improves; no fever)
(Lemone, 2011)
Chronic hepatitis
Fulminant hepatitis
Acute liver failure
HBV-infected carrier patients have a greater risk of
developing cancer of the liver.
(Lemone, 2011)
(Lemone, 2011)
(Lemone, 2011)
(Lemone, 2011)
(Lemone, 2011)
(Lemone, 2011)
(Lemone, 2011)
(Lemone, 2011)
(Lemone, 2011)
(Lemone, 2011)
(Lemone, 2011)
• Viral infection
cytomegalovirus,
herpes simplex, and
• Bacterial infection
Leptospirosis
Thyphoid fever